B1 · 中级 章节 23

解锁地道英语的“秘密暗号”：短语动词入门

4 总规则
48 例句
5 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock natural English by mastering the unique combinations of verbs and prepositions.

  • Identify the structure of phrasal verbs.
  • Interpret the meaning of common verb-particle pairs.
  • Apply phrasal verbs to describe daily routines.
Speak like a local, one phrasal verb at a time.

你将学到什么

嘿！想让你的英语听起来更像母语者吗？欢迎来到“短语动词”的世界！很多学习者发现，虽然背了很多单词，但在实际交流时还是觉得表达生硬，秘诀就在这些由“小单词”组成的“大意思”里。在本章中，我们将一起拆解英语中最具代表性的“秘密暗号”。你将系统学习动词与介词（如 up, on, off）如何组合成全新的含义。我们会从核心结构入手，带你掌握 get up（起床）、turn on（打开）等最实用的生活化搭配。你会发现，这些组合并不是随机的，而是有迹可循的逻辑单元。掌握了它们，无论是在清晨和朋友聊起作息，还是在办公室请教同事如何操作设备，你都能脱口而出最地道的句子。学完这四个核心规则，你将不再受限于死板的课本词汇，而是能像当地人一样自然地描述生活细节。准备好告别“中式英语”，开启流利表达的新篇章了吗？让我们开始吧！

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use at least five common phrasal verbs correctly in a short paragraph.

章节指南

Overview

As you continue your English learning journey at the B1 level, you're likely noticing that native speakers often use expressions that don't always translate literally. This is where an introduction to phrasal verbs becomes incredibly important. Mastering these common constructions is the fastest way to transition from sounding purely academic to sounding much more natural and confident in everyday conversations.
They are truly the secret code that unlocks a more authentic communication style.
This chapter will help you decode these essential elements of B1 English grammar. You'll discover how combining simple verbs with small words, known as particles like 'up' or 'on', creates entirely new meanings. Think of words like 'get up' (to leave your bed) or 'turn on' (to activate a device).
These are not just two separate words; they act as single units of meaning, allowing you to express a wide range of actions and ideas with remarkable clarity and naturalness. Understanding these everyday action pairs is key to making your English sound modern and casual.

How This Grammar Works

At its core, a phrasal verb is a verb combined with a particle (usually a preposition or adverb) that creates a new meaning, often one that cannot be guessed from the individual words. Imagine the verb get. It means to obtain or receive. But add up, and 'get up' suddenly means to rise from bed or a seated position.
This highlights the idea that phrasal verbs act as single units of meaning, making them indispensable for natural communication.
These combinations are so common that they are integral to everyday English. They are a kind of secret code because their meanings are often idiomatic – you can't just look at 'turn' and 'on' and immediately know that 'turn on' means to start a machine. The particle fundamentally changes the verb's sense.
This is how these small words create big meanings. For B1 learners, recognizing these common everyday action pairs is crucial. For instance, you might know start, but native speakers often say 'turn on' the light.
Or instead of arrive, they might say 'show up'. These constructions help your English sound casual and modern. As you learn these, you'll see how mastering phrasal verbs is the fastest way to transition from sounding academic to sounding like a native speaker.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Using a single verb when a phrasal verb is more natural.
✗
I will *arrive* at the party later.
✓
I will show up at the party later.
*Explanation:* While arrive is correct, show up is a more common and natural phrasal verb in casual conversation.
  1. 1Misunderstanding the combined meaning of a phrasal verb.
✗
Can you *turn* the TV? I want to watch the news.
(meaning turn on)
✓
Can you turn on the TV? I want to watch the news.
*Explanation:* The particle 'on' is essential here to convey the meaning of activating the device. Turn alone means to rotate or change direction.
  1. 1Separating a transitive phrasal verb incorrectly (for separable phrasal verbs).
✗
I need to pick up my friend at the airport.
(Okay, but often separated)
✓
I need to pick my friend up at the airport.
*Explanation:* For many transitive phrasal verbs, especially with pronouns, the object goes between the verb and the particle. Pick him up sounds more natural than pick up him.

Real Conversations

A

A

Hey, do you want to hang out this weekend?
B

B

Sure! What do you have in mind?
A

A

"I can't believe I didn't write down that important phone number."
B

B

Oh no! Maybe you can look it up online later?
A

A

My car suddenly broke down on the highway.
B

B

"That's terrible! Do you need me to pick you up?"

Quick FAQ

Q

What exactly is an English phrasal verb?

A phrasal verb is a verb combined with a small word (a particle like an adverb or preposition) that changes its meaning entirely. For example, get means to obtain, but 'get up' means to rise.

Q

Why are phrasal verbs important for B1 English grammar?

They are crucial because native speakers use them constantly in everyday conversation. Learning them helps you understand and sound more natural, moving beyond formal textbook English.

Q

Are all phrasal verbs informal?

Not all, but many are. They often make your English sound more casual and modern, though some are used in more formal contexts too (e.g., carry out a task).

Q

How can I remember so many phrasal verbs?

The best way is to learn them in context, not just lists. Pay attention to how they're used in conversations, movies, and books, and try to use them yourself in sentences. Focus on common everyday action pairs first.

Cultural Context

Phrasal verbs are the backbone of casual, conversational English. Native speakers use them instinctively in almost every interaction, making communication feel effortless and natural. While formal writing might prefer single-word equivalents (e.g., postpone instead of 'put off'), spoken English thrives on these dynamic combinations.
You'll find regional variations in preference for certain phrasal verbs, but core ones like 'get up' or 'turn on' are universally understood across all English-speaking regions.

关键例句 (8)

1

Please `turn on` the light, it's getting dark.

Por favor, enciende la luz, está oscureciendo.

英语短语动词：初学者指南
2

I usually `get up` at 7 AM on weekdays.

Normalmente me levanto a las 7 AM entre semana.

英语短语动词：初学者指南
3

Please `turn on` the light, it's getting dark.

请开灯，天快黑了。

短语动词：秘密代码（含义）
4

I need to `get up` early tomorrow for my flight.

我明天得早起赶飞机。

短语动词：秘密代码（含义）
5

Can you `turn on` the lights, please? It's getting dark.

请问你能开一下灯吗？天快黑了。

日常行动对（短语动词）
6

I usually `wake up` around 7 AM during the week.

工作日我通常早上 7 点左右醒来。

日常行动对（短语动词）
7

I always `get up` at 7 AM, even on weekends, for my yoga class.

Siempre me levanto a las 7 de la mañana, incluso los fines de semana, para mi clase de yoga.

英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)
8

Can you `turn on` the lights? It's getting dark in here.

¿Puedes encender las luces? Está oscureciendo aquí.

英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)

技巧与窍门 (4)

💡

Learn in Context

Never learn phrasal verbs as a list of words. Learn them in sentences so you see if they are separable or not.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：初学者指南
💡

语境才是王道

遇到动词短语别瞎猜，看看前后文。它们的含义会随语境剧烈变化，所以千万别只看单个单词！
Always pay attention to the surrounding words.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：秘密代码（含义）
💡

在语境中学习

别光背单词表，试着在美剧或歌词里抓捕它们，这样你才能理解最地道的用法。比如：
Learn them in context.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 日常行动对（短语动词）
🎯

Learn in Context

Never memorize phrasal verbs as a list. Always learn them in a full sentence so you remember if they are separable or not.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)

核心词汇 (5)

Phrasal Verb A verb combined with a particle Particle A small word like 'up' or 'on' Get up To rise from bed Turn on To activate a device Look for To search for something

Real-World Preview

sun

Morning Routine

Review Summary

  • Verb + Particle
  • Get + up / Turn + on

常见错误

Phrasal verbs do not need reflexive pronouns like 'myself'. Just use the verb and particle.

Wrong: I get up myself at 7.
正确: I get up at 7.

You don't need 'it' if you have already mentioned the object 'light'.

Wrong: Turn the light on it.
正确: Turn the light on.

Avoid redundant pronouns after the object.

Wrong: Look for the key it.
正确: Look for the key.

Next Steps

You've unlocked a secret of the language! Keep practicing, and you'll be speaking naturally in no time.

Write 5 sentences about your morning

Continue to: 告别“中式英语”：地道短语动词全攻略

快速练习 (9)

哪句话正确使用了动词短语 `take off`？

选择正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The plane will take off at 3 PM.
当 'take off' 表示飞机起飞时，它是不可拆分的，动词和零件必须连在一起。
The plane will take off.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：秘密代码（含义）

Fill in the missing particle.

I need to look ___ my lost keys.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
'Look for' means to search for something.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which one is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Please turn it off.
Pronouns must go in the middle of separable phrasal verbs.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：初学者指南

Choose the correct sentence.

Which of these is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
With separable phrasal verbs, pronoun objects must go in the middle.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)

找出并修正句子中的错误

Find and fix the mistake:

Can you pick the kids up from school?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Can you pick the kids up from school?
'Pick up' 在接名词宾语（如 the kids）时是可拆分的，所以两种写法都对。这是一个陷阱题，用来展示它的灵活性！

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：秘密代码（含义）

Fix the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Yesterday, I find out the truth.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: found out
The verb 'find' must be in the past tense 'found'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：初学者指南

选择正确的零件来完成动词短语

I need to `look ___` my keys; I can't find them anywhere.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: for
'Look for' 意思是寻找某物。而 'look up' 是查阅资料，'look into' 则是调查。
I am looking for my keys.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：秘密代码（含义）

Correct the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

He is get uping at 6 AM.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
The -ing suffix must be attached to the verb 'get', not the particle 'up'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：小词大意 (get up, turn on)

Fill in the missing particle.

I'm looking ___ my glasses. Have you seen them?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: for
'Look for' means to search.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 英语短语动词：初学者指南

Score: /9

常见问题 (6)

There is no simple rule. You must learn them individually. However, most phrasal verbs with 'up', 'off', and 'out' are separable.
It's better to use one-word equivalents (e.g., 'postpone' instead of 'put off') in formal essays, but they are fine in business emails.
动词短语的意思通常是“成语化”的，也就是说它和字面意思完全不同。比如 run into 的意思是“偶然遇见”，而不是真的跑着撞到了什么。
Run into an old friend.
关键在于意思！如果动词和小零件组合产生了新的非字面意思（如 look up 表示搜索），它就是动词短语。如果介词只是描述位置（如 walk across 穿过马路），那就是普通短语。
Walk across the street now.
动词短语就是“动词 + 一个小词（介词或副词）”的组合，它们合在一起会产生新意思。比如 get 是得到，但 get up 就变成了起床。
到了 B1 阶段，你需要摆脱“中式英语”。动词短语能让你的口语听起来更自然，不再像是在背词典。比如用 call back 而不是 return the call。
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