When you're just starting out in Estonian, understanding adverbs like "juba" is super helpful. "Juba" means "already" and it's a word you'll hear and use a lot in daily conversations. It indicates that something has happened or is happening sooner than expected, or simply that an action has been completed before the present moment. For example, if you've finished your task, you can say you've "juba" done it. This little word helps express a sense of completion or timeliness.
趣味小知识
Related to Finnish 'jo' (already) and Hungarian 'már' (already), showcasing the distant linguistic connections within the Uralic family.
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Ma olen juba kodus.
I am already at home.
Kell on juba viis.
It is already five o'clock.
Kas sa oled juba söönud?
Have you already eaten?
Ma nägin seda filmi juba.
I have already seen that movie.
Ta on juba suur poiss.
He is already a big boy.
Päike on juba loojunud.
The sun has already set.
Me oleme juba siin.
We are already here.
See on juba valmis.
It is already ready.
Ta on juba ammu lahkunud, nii et pole mõtet teda enam oodata.
He has already left a long time ago, so there's no point waiting for him anymore.
juba ammu (already a long time ago) is a common collocation.
Olen juba kolmandat tundi siin istunud ja oodanud, aga teie pole ikka veel valmis.
I have already been sitting here for the third hour and waiting, but you are still not ready.
juba + time expression emphasizes the duration.
Kas sa oled juba otsustanud, mida sa oma eluga peale hakkad või mõtled sa veel?
Have you already decided what you're going to do with your life or are you still thinking?
juba here implies completion of an action.
Ma teadsin juba algusest peale, et see plaan ei saa õnnestuda, aga keegi ei kuulanud mind.
I already knew from the beginning that this plan couldn't succeed, but no one listened to me.
juba algusest peale (already from the beginning) indicates prior knowledge.
Hiline on juba, peaksime koju minema, sest muidu jääme pimeduse kätte.
It's already late, we should go home, because otherwise we'll be caught in the dark.
juba + adjective indicates a state that has been reached.
Kuigi ta on alles noor, on ta juba oma valdkonnas tunnustatud ekspert.
Although he is still young, he is already a recognized expert in his field.
juba used to highlight an unexpected achievement given the circumstances.
See probleem on juba piisavalt kaua kestnud, aeg on lõpuks midagi ette võtta.
This problem has already lasted long enough, it's time to finally do something about it.
juba piisavalt (already enough) emphasizes the extent or duration.
Ma olen temaga juba varem sel teemal rääkinud, aga ta ei näi mind kuulavat.
I have already spoken with him on this topic before, but he doesn't seem to listen to me.
juba varem (already before) indicates a past occurrence.
常见搭配
常用短语
Ma olen juba siin.
I am already here.
Kas sa oled juba söönud?
Have you already eaten?
Ta teab seda juba.
He/she already knows that.
See on juba hilja.
It is already late.
Me oleme seda juba näinud.
We have already seen that.
Nad on juba lahkunud.
They have already left.
Aeg on juba käes.
The time is already here (it's time already).
Juba parem!
Already better!
Ma olen juba väsinud.
I am already tired.
See on juba tehtud.
It is already done.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'juba' sounding a bit like 'you've been already'.
视觉联想
Imagine a clock with the hands already moved forward, signifying 'already'.
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'juba' in three different sentences about your daily routine. For example, 'Ma olen juba ärganud.' (I have already woken up.)
词源
Proto-Finnic *joppa
原始含义： already, indeed
Uralic文化背景
The word 'juba' is very common in everyday Estonian speech and is used much like 'already' in English. It can also sometimes imply a sense of 'soon' or 'it's time', depending on the context, adding a subtle nuance to conversations.
自我测试 42 个问题
Ma olen ___ söönud. (I have ___ eaten.)
The word 'juba' means 'already', which fits the context of having completed an action.
Kas sa oled ___ valmis? (Are you ___ ready?)
'Juba' means 'already' and is used to ask if someone is prepared.
Kell on ___ kolm. (It's ___ three o'clock.)
Here, 'juba' indicates that the time has reached three o'clock.
Ma nägin seda filmi ___. (I saw that movie ___.)
'Juba' indicates that the action of seeing the movie has already happened.
Nad on ___ kohal. (They are ___ here.)
'Juba' means 'already' and suggests they have arrived.
See on ___ tehtud. (It's ___ done.)
'Juba' implies that the task has been completed.
Choose the best translation for 'Ma olen juba söönud.'
'Juba' means 'already', so 'Ma olen juba söönud' means 'I have already eaten'.
Which sentence correctly uses 'juba' to mean 'already'?
'Me oleme juba kodus' translates to 'We are already home'. The other options don't use 'juba' correctly in this context.
Complete the sentence: 'Pood on ____ suletud.'
The sentence 'Pood on juba suletud' means 'The shop is already closed'. 'Alati' means 'always', 'veel' means 'still/yet', and 'kunagi' means 'never/once upon a time'.
The sentence 'Kas sa oled juba valmis?' means 'Are you ready yet?'
Yes, 'Kas sa oled juba valmis?' correctly translates to 'Are you ready yet?', using 'juba' to imply a state of completion.
'Juba' can be used to mean 'not yet'.
'Juba' specifically means 'already'. To express 'not yet', you would use 'veel mitte' or similar constructions.
In 'Ta elab juba Eestis', 'juba' indicates that he has been living in Estonia for some time.
'Ta elab juba Eestis' means 'He already lives in Estonia', implying a duration or that he's been there for a while.
The correct order is 'Subject + verb + juba + adverb/adjective'. 'Ta on juba kohal' means 'He/She is already here'.
The correct order is 'Subject + verb + object + juba + part of compound verb'. 'Ma lugesin raamatu juba läbi' means 'I already read the book through'.
The correct order is 'Subject + verb + juba + time expression + place'. 'Ma läksin juba hommikul tööle' means 'I went to work already in the morning'.
Choose the sentence where 'juba' implies a sense of urgency or an earlier-than-expected occurrence.
'Juba homme' (already tomorrow) emphasizes that the event is happening very soon, perhaps sooner than anticipated or desired.
Which of the following best translates the nuance of 'juba' in the sentence: 'Ma olen seda filmi juba näinud'?
In this context, 'juba' indicates that the action of seeing the movie has been completed prior to the current moment.
Select the sentence where 'juba' is used to express a state that has been ongoing for a while.
'Elab siin juba kümme aastat' (lives here already ten years) clearly shows that the action has been continuous for a specified period.
The sentence 'Kas sa oled juba valmis?' can only mean 'Are you already ready?'.
While 'Are you already ready?' is a direct translation, 'juba' can also imply impatience or a check on the status, similar to 'Are you ready yet?' depending on context and intonation.
In the phrase 'Juba ammu', 'juba' intensifies the meaning of 'ammu' (a long time ago), meaning 'a very long time ago'.
'Juba ammu' is a common idiomatic expression where 'juba' indeed emphasizes the duration of 'ammu', meaning 'already a long time ago' or 'ages ago'.
If someone says 'Ma tean juba', it definitively means they knew the information before you told them.
'Ma tean juba' (I already know) directly communicates that the speaker possesses the knowledge beforehand, making your information redundant.
You are organizing a surprise birthday party for a friend. Write a short email to another friend, mentioning that you have already booked the venue and ordered the cake. Ask them if they have already bought a gift.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hei [Sõbra nimi], Kuidas läheb? Loodan, et kõik on korras. Tahtsin sulle kirjutada seoses [Sünnipäevalapse nimi] sünnipäevapeoga. Mul on juba peopaik broneeritud ja tort ka juba tellitud. Kas sa oled talle juba kingituse ostnud? Anna teada, kui sul on ideid või abi vaja. Parimate soovidega, [Sinu nimi]
Describe a situation where you arrived at a place and realized that something important had already happened or been done.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Jõudsin kontorisse ja märkasin, et koosolek oli juba alanud. Ma arvasin, et mul on veel aega, aga ilmselt oli minu kell ees või ma ajasin ajad segamini. Kõik olulised otsused olid juba tehtud, enne kui ma üldse sain oma arvamust avaldada. See oli üsna pettumust valmistav, sest ma olin selleks koosolekuks ette valmistanud.
Imagine you are trying to convince a friend to try a new restaurant. Mention that you have already been there and can confirm it's good. Also, ask if they have already made plans for the evening.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Tere! Kuidas sul läheb? Tahtsin sulle soovitada ühte uut restorani, mis hiljuti avati. Ma olen seal juba käinud ja võin kinnitada, et toit on tõeliselt hea. Kas sa oled tänaseks õhtuks juba plaane teinud? Kui mitte, siis võiksime sinna minna. Anna teada, mida arvad!
Miks jõudsid nad hilja kinno?
Read this passage:
Käisime eile õhtul kinos ja film oli juba alanud, kui me kohale jõudsime. Piletid olime juba internetist ostnud, aga liiklus oli nii hull, et me ei jõudnud õigel ajal. Õnneks saime siiski oma kohad üles leida, kuigi olime juba osa filmist maha maganud. Pärast filmi arutasime, et oleksime pidanud varem kodust välja minema.
Miks jõudsid nad hilja kinno?
Tekstis on mainitud, et 'liiklus oli nii hull, et me ei jõudnud õigel ajal'.
Tekstis on mainitud, et 'liiklus oli nii hull, et me ei jõudnud õigel ajal'.
Mis oli sõbral juba tehtud enne reisi tühistamist?
Read this passage:
Minu sõber plaanis suvel Eestisse reisida. Ta oli juba lennupiletid broneerinud ja majutuse ka leidnud. Aga siis tekkis ootamatu olukord ja ta pidi oma reisi tühistama. See oli talle suur pettumus, sest ta oli juba ammu unistanud Eestimaa külastamisest. Loodame, et ta saab varsti uuesti plaane teha.
Mis oli sõbral juba tehtud enne reisi tühistamist?
Tekstis on öeldud: 'Ta oli juba lennupiletid broneerinud ja majutuse ka leidnud.'
Tekstis on öeldud: 'Ta oli juba lennupiletid broneerinud ja majutuse ka leidnud.'
Miks ei märganud lugeja oma kohvi kohe?
Read this passage:
Kohvikus oodates märkasin, et mu kohv oli juba lauale toodud, kuigi ma polnud seda veel märganud. Olin süvenenud raamatu lugemisse ja ei pannud ümbritsevat tähele. See oli tore üllatus, sest ma olin juba ammu kohvi järele igatsenud. Tundsin, kuidas väsimus hakkas tasapisi kaduma.
Miks ei märganud lugeja oma kohvi kohe?
Tekstis on kirjas: 'Olin süvenenud raamatu lugemisse ja ei pannud ümbritsevat tähele.'
Tekstis on kirjas: 'Olin süvenenud raamatu lugemisse ja ei pannud ümbritsevat tähele.'
The word 'juba' (already) typically comes after the auxiliary verb 'olen' (have/am) and before the main verb or the object in such sentence structures.
In an interrogative sentence with an auxiliary verb, 'juba' (already) usually follows the auxiliary verb 'oled' (are/have) and precedes the object 'otsuse' (decision).
In this passive construction, 'juba' (already) is placed before the past participle 'tehtud' (done) and after the auxiliary verb 'oli' (was).
Imagine you're catching up with an old friend you haven't seen in years. Write a short email (3-4 sentences) expressing your surprise at how much time has passed and mentioning something you've already accomplished since your last meeting.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Tere, [Sõbra nimi]! Uskumatu, et oleme juba aastaid kohtumata olnud. Ma olen juba päris palju saavutanud pärast meie viimast juttu. Loodan, et sul on samuti kõik hästi läinud!
You are writing a review for a new restaurant. Describe your experience, including something you've already tried or noticed that impressed you. (3-4 sentences)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Külastasin täna uut restorani 'Maitseelamused' ja pean ütlema, et olen juba esimesest hetkest alates muljet avaldanud. Olen juba proovinud nende pearooga, mis oli suurepärane. Samuti olen märganud, kui hubane ja kutsuv on atmosfäär. Tuleb kindlasti tagasi!
You are giving advice to someone starting a new hobby. Write 3-4 sentences encouraging them and mentioning that they've already taken the first important step by starting.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
See on suurepärane, et oled otsustanud uue hobiga alustada! Sa oled juba teinud kõige olulisema sammu. Ära karda eksperimenteerida ja õppida. Pea meeles, et sa oled juba poolel teel eduni!
Mida on noor inimene juba teinud?
Read this passage:
Kuigi ta on alles noor, on ta juba oma panuse andnud kohaliku kogukonna arengusse. Tema algatatud projektid on toonud esile mitmeid olulisi probleeme ja pakkunud neile lahendusi. Kogukond on tema tegevust juba tunnustanud mitmete auhindadega.
Mida on noor inimene juba teinud?
Tekstis mainitakse, et ta on 'juba oma panuse andnud kohaliku kogukonna arengusse'.
Tekstis mainitakse, et ta on 'juba oma panuse andnud kohaliku kogukonna arengusse'.
Mida on ettevõte juba saavutanud?
Read this passage:
Ettevõte on juba saavutanud märkimisväärse edu rahvusvahelisel turul, hoolimata sellest, et nad alustasid tegevust vaid paar aastat tagasi. Nende tooted on juba leidnud tee paljude riikide tarbijateni. Juhtkond usub, et see edu on alles algus.
Mida on ettevõte juba saavutanud?
Tekstis on selgelt öeldud: 'Ettevõte on juba saavutanud märkimisväärse edu rahvusvahelisel turul'.
Tekstis on selgelt öeldud: 'Ettevõte on juba saavutanud märkimisväärse edu rahvusvahelisel turul'.
Mida on lugejad juba teinud seoses uue raamatukoguga?
Read this passage:
Uus raamatukogu on juba avatud ja külastajad on seda aktiivselt kasutama hakanud. Seal on juba rikkalik valik raamatuid ja digitaalseid ressursse. Lugejad on juba väljendanud oma rahulolu uue keskkonnaga ja pakutavate teenustega.
Mida on lugejad juba teinud seoses uue raamatukoguga?
Tekstis mainitakse: 'Lugejad on juba väljendanud oma rahulolu uue keskkonnaga ja pakutavate teenustega'.
Tekstis mainitakse: 'Lugejad on juba väljendanud oma rahulolu uue keskkonnaga ja pakutavate teenustega'.
/ 42 correct
Perfect score!
