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بی‌رحم

B2 adjective 9分钟阅读

بی‌رحم

bi-rahm

开始练习例句笔记与提示 بی‌رحم 30秒了解

解析 بی‌رحم in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Persian. The word 'bi-rahm' (بی‌رحم) is a bit advanced, but you can understand it by looking at its parts. 'Bi' means 'without'. 'Rahm' means 'kindness' or 'pity'. So, 'bi-rahm' means 'without kindness'. You can use it to talk about a 'bad man' in a story. For example, 'The man is bi-rahm.' It is an adjective, which means it describes a person. In Persian, we usually put the adjective after the noun. If you want to say 'a cruel king', you say 'Shah-e bi-rahm'. Just remember that it is a very strong word, so don't use it for small things like a friend who didn't share their candy! You should focus on how 'bi' makes the opposite of words. Other words like 'bi-savar' (without a rider) or 'bi-pool' (without money) follow the same pattern. This will help you learn many words at once. At this level, just knowing that it means 'not kind' is enough.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'bi-rahm' in more complete sentences. You should know that 'bi-rahm' is an adjective used to describe someone who is very mean or shows no pity. You might hear it in simple stories or cartoons. For example, you can say 'In wolf is bi-rahm' (این گرگ بی‌رحم است). You are also learning how to connect nouns and adjectives using the 'Ezafe' (the little 'e' sound). So, 'a merciless winter' is 'zemestan-e bi-rahm'. You can also use it to describe feelings. If someone is very mean to you, you might say 'chera in-ghadr bi-rahm hasti?' (Why are you so merciless?). At this level, you should also be aware of the opposite word, 'ba-rahm' (merciful) or 'mehraban' (kind). Comparing these words will help you understand the intensity of 'bi-rahm'. It's not just 'not kind', it's 'totally without mercy'. Practice using it to describe characters in books you are reading.

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At the B1 level, you can use 'bi-rahm' in more complex contexts, such as discussing social issues or more detailed stories. You should understand that 'bi-rahm' can describe not just people, but also abstract concepts like 'nature', 'fate', or 'the economy'. For instance, you can talk about 'the merciless sun of the desert' (aftab-e bi-rahm-e kavir). You should also be able to distinguish between 'bi-rahm' and 'sakht-gir' (strict). A teacher can be 'sakht-gir' but still have a good heart. A 'bi-rahm' person has no heart. This distinction is important for accurate communication. You can also start using the noun form 'bi-rahmi' (mercilessness). Example: 'Bi-rahmi-ye u hameh ra tarsand' (His mercilessness scared everyone). You will also encounter this word in Persian music and pop culture, where it often refers to a lover who doesn't care about the other person's feelings. This 'poetic' use of the word is very common and adds a layer of cultural understanding to your vocabulary.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'bi-rahm' and its derivatives in both formal and informal settings. You should understand the nuances of the word when it appears in news reports or literature. At this level, you are expected to know synonyms like 'sang-del' (stone-hearted) and 'zalem' (oppressive) and when to use each. 'Bi-rahm' is particularly useful when describing the lack of human empathy in a situation. You can use it in debates or essays about justice or history. For example, 'The merciless laws of that period caused much suffering.' You should also be familiar with the adverbial form 'bi-rahmane' (mercilessly). For example, 'The army attacked the city mercilessly.' You can also use the word in more metaphorical ways, such as describing a 'merciless competition' in the job market. Your understanding should move beyond a simple translation to a grasp of the word's emotional and social weight in Iranian society. You should be able to explain why a certain action is considered 'bi-rahm' using other Persian words like 'shafaghat' (compassion) or 'ensaniat' (humanity).

At the C1 level, you are moving towards a near-native understanding of 'bi-rahm'. You should be able to appreciate the word's usage in classical Persian poetry, such as the works of Rumi, Hafez, or Ferdowsi. In these contexts, 'bi-rahm' often takes on a mystical or highly stylized meaning. You should be able to analyze how the word is used to create imagery or to critique the nature of the world. In formal writing, you might use more sophisticated synonyms like 'ghasi-ol-ghalb' (hard-hearted) to add variety and precision to your prose. You should also understand the political and historical connotations of the word, especially in how it is used in modern Iranian political discourse to criticize opponents or historical figures. Your usage should be precise, distinguishing between a 'bi-rahm' act and a 'bi-rahm' person. You can also explore the philosophical implications: is 'bi-rahm' an inherent trait or a result of circumstances? Using the word in such deep discussions shows a high level of linguistic and cultural competence. You should also be able to recognize when the word is being used ironically or with a specific cultural subtext that might not be immediately obvious to a non-native speaker.

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At the C2 level, you have mastered the word 'bi-rahm' in all its complexities. You can use it with the same ease and nuance as a native speaker, recognizing its various shades of meaning in everything from ancient manuscripts to modern slang. You understand the etymological roots and how the word 'rahm' interacts with other concepts in Persian philosophy and theology. You can participate in high-level academic or literary discussions where 'bi-rahm' is used to describe the existential condition of humanity or the characteristics of a specific literary era. You are also aware of the phonological beauty of the word and how it fits into the meter of Persian poetry. At this level, you can also use the word to create your own literary works or to provide nuanced translations between Persian and English, capturing the exact emotional temperature of 'bi-rahm' that a simple 'merciless' might miss. You are sensitive to the word's power to evoke specific historical traumas or cultural ideals of 'javanmardi' (chivalry). Your mastery of 'bi-rahm' is not just about the word itself, but about its place within the vast web of Persian language, culture, and history.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

بی‌رحم 30秒了解

Bi-rahm means merciless or cruel, describing a lack of pity.
It is a compound of 'bi' (without) and 'rahm' (mercy/compassion).
Used for people, nature (harsh weather), or abstract concepts (fate).
Carries a strong negative connotation, implying a lack of humanity.

The Persian word بی‌رحم (bi-rahm) is a powerful adjective that translates most directly to 'merciless', 'cruel', or 'pitiless'. It is a compound word formed by the Persian prefix بی- (bi-), meaning 'without', and the noun رحم (rahm), which originates from Arabic and signifies 'mercy', 'pity', or 'compassion'. When combined, the word describes a person, action, or even a natural force that lacks any sentiment of empathy or leniency. In Persian culture, the concept of rahm (mercy) is highly valued, rooted in both religious and poetic traditions. Therefore, calling someone bi-rahm is a significant condemnation, suggesting a fundamental lack of humanity or moral fiber. It is used in various registers, from formal historical accounts of tyrants to informal complaints about a particularly difficult exam or a harsh boss.

Linguistic Root: The root 'rahm' is the same root found in 'Rahman' and 'Rahim' (The Merciful), which are names of God in Islam. By adding 'bi', the word represents the total absence of these divine qualities.

تاریخ پر از حاکمان بی‌رحم است که فقط به قدرت فکر می‌کردند. (History is full of merciless rulers who only thought of power.)

In everyday speech, the word isn't always reserved for villains. It can be used metaphorically. For instance, a 'merciless sun' (aftab-e bi-rahm) in the middle of a desert summer describes heat that shows no respite. Similarly, a 'merciless competition' (regabat-e bi-rahm) in the business world implies a cutthroat environment where only the strongest survive without regard for the weak. The nuances of the word depend heavily on the context, but the underlying theme remains a lack of softening or kindness.

Synonym Note: While 'sangdel' (stone-hearted) is a common synonym, 'bi-rahm' is more frequent in legal and formal descriptions of actions.

Historically, Persian literature, especially the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, uses this term to describe antagonists or the 'cruel fate' (ruzgar-e bi-rahm). Fate is often personified in Persian poetry as a force that takes away loved ones or brings down empires without hearing any pleas for mercy. This gives the word a philosophical dimension, suggesting an inevitable and cold reality of the world. Understanding 'bi-rahm' is essential for anyone wanting to grasp the emotional depth of Persian discourse on justice and morality.

زمستان بی‌رحم امسال، تمام گل‌ها را خشکاند. (This year's merciless winter withered all the flowers.)

Using بی‌رحم in a sentence requires an understanding of its grammatical function as an adjective. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'Ezafe' construction (a short 'e' sound). For example, to say 'a merciless man', you would say mard-e bi-rahm. However, it can also function as a predicate adjective, as in an mard bi-rahm ast (that man is merciless). Because it is a compound adjective (bi + rahm), it remains stable and does not change based on gender, as Persian lacks grammatical gender.

Sentence Structure: Noun + -e (Ezafe) + بی‌رحم (Adjective) OR Subject + بی‌رحم + Verb (to be).

او با حیوانات بسیار بی‌رحم رفتار می‌کند. (He treats animals very mercilessly.)

In more advanced usage, 'bi-rahm' can be turned into an adverb by adding 'ane' to the end, though 'bi-rahmane' is the more common form for 'mercilessly'. For example, او بی‌رحمانه به دشمن حمله کرد (He attacked the enemy mercilessly). This shift from adjective to adverb is crucial for describing the manner in which an action is performed. When describing people, the word often implies a lack of empathy or a deliberate choice to ignore suffering. In political discourse, one might hear about tahrim-ha-ye bi-rahm (merciless sanctions) that affect the general population.

چرا اینقدر نسبت به خودت بی‌رحم هستی؟ (Why are you so merciless toward yourself?)

It is also common to see this word used in social commentary. A 'merciless economy' (eghtesad-e bi-rahm) refers to a system that leaves no room for error or failure. In such contexts, the word emphasizes the systemic nature of the hardship. In literature, poets often address 'bi-rahm' lovers who ignore the poet's suffering. This romantic usage is slightly different; it's less about evil and more about the coldness of unrequited love. Whether you are describing a villain in a story, a harsh natural element, or a psychological state, 'bi-rahm' provides the necessary intensity to convey a total lack of mercy.

Collocation: Often paired with 'ghatel' (killer), 'sarkub' (suppression), or 'donya' (world).

You will encounter بی‌رحم in a wide variety of settings in the Persian-speaking world. In the news, it is frequently used to describe the actions of terrorist groups, the aftermath of a particularly brutal crime, or the nature of an oppressive regime. Journalists use it to evoke an emotional response from the audience, highlighting the severity of the lack of compassion in a given situation. For example, a report might mention a 'merciless attack on civilians' (hamleh-ye bi-rahm be gheyr-e nezamian).

اخبار از یک جنایت بی‌رحم در مرکز شهر خبر داد. (The news reported a merciless crime in the city center.)

In Persian cinema and television dramas (often called 'Serial' in Iran), 'bi-rahm' is a staple word for describing the antagonist. You'll hear characters whispering about a 'merciless boss' or a 'pitiless father-in-law'. It’s a word that defines the moral boundaries of the characters. In historical dramas, it is used to describe the Mongol invasion or other periods of great suffering, where the invaders are depicted as having no mercy for the local population. This historical weight makes the word feel very grounded and serious.

Social media and everyday conversations also utilize the word, often in a more hyperbolic or metaphorical sense. A student might complain that their professor is 'bi-rahm' because of a long reading list. A person might describe a breakup as 'bi-rahm' if it was sudden and without explanation. In these cases, the word expresses a sense of being treated unfairly or harshly. Furthermore, in the world of Persian music—especially in classical and traditional genres—the 'beloved' is often described as 'bi-rahm' for not returning the lover's affection. This poetic usage is deeply ingrained in the Persian psyche, linking the word to the pain of love.

سرنوشت گاهی خیلی بی‌رحم می‌شود. (Fate sometimes becomes very merciless.)

Cultural Note: In Iranian culture, showing 'rahm' (mercy) is a sign of nobility (javanmardi). To be 'bi-rahm' is to lack this noble quality.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with بی‌رحم is confusing it with other adjectives that describe 'toughness' or 'strictness'. For instance, sakht-gir (strict) is often what a student means when they call a teacher 'bi-rahm'. While a strict teacher follows rules closely, a 'bi-rahm' teacher would be one who enjoys the suffering of students or shows no compassion for a student in a genuine crisis. Using 'bi-rahm' when you mean 'strict' can come across as overly dramatic or even offensive.

Contrast: بی‌رحم (Merciless) vs. سخت‌گیر (Strict). One implies a lack of heart, the other a commitment to rules.

اشتباه: استادم خیلی بی‌رحم است چون تکلیف زیاد می‌دهد. (Mistake: My professor is very merciless because he gives a lot of homework.) - Better: سخت‌گیر (Strict).

Another mistake involves the incorrect use of the prefix 'bi-'. Some learners try to apply 'bi-' to any noun to create an opposite, but not all combinations are valid or common. While 'bi-rahm' is perfectly standard, other combinations might sound unnatural. Additionally, learners sometimes forget to use the 'Ezafe' when connecting 'bi-rahm' to a noun. Saying mard bi-rahm instead of mard-e bi-rahm is a common grammatical error that breaks the flow of the sentence. It's also important to distinguish between 'bi-rahm' (the adjective) and 'bi-rahmi' (the noun, meaning 'mercilessness' or 'cruelty').

Lastly, learners may confuse 'bi-rahm' with zalem (oppressive/unjust). While they are related, 'zalem' specifically implies a violation of rights or an abuse of power, whereas 'bi-rahm' focuses on the lack of internal feeling or pity. A 'zalem' person is often 'bi-rahm', but a person can be 'bi-rahm' in their personal feelings without necessarily being in a position to be 'zalem' (oppressive). Understanding these subtle distinctions in Persian vocabulary will help you sound more like a native speaker and ensure your descriptions are accurate to the situation.

نباید بی‌رحمی را با عدالت اشتباه گرفت. (One should not mistake mercilessness with justice.)

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and بی‌رحم has several alternatives depending on the nuance you wish to convey. One of the most common is sang-del (سنگدل), which literally means 'stone-hearted'. This is used when you want to emphasize that a person is emotionally cold and unmoved by the tears or suffering of others. It is very common in poetry and romantic literature. Another alternative is ghasi-ol-ghalb (قسی‌القلب), a more formal and Arabic-rooted term that also means 'hard-hearted', often used in religious or philosophical texts to describe a heart that has become blackened and incapable of receiving light or mercy.

Synonym Comparison: بی‌رحم: General mercilessness. | سنگدل: Emotional coldness. | ظالم: Unjust/Oppressive.

او قلبی سنگدل دارد و به هیچ کس کمک نمی‌کند. (He has a stone-heart and helps no one.)

For describing someone who is actively cruel or vicious, the word saffak (سفاک) might be used. This is a very strong word, often translated as 'bloodthirsty' or 'murderous', and is usually reserved for historical tyrants or particularly violent criminals. On the other hand, if you want to describe someone who is simply 'unkind' or 'not nice', you might use na-mehraban (نامهربان). This is much softer than 'bi-rahm' and is suitable for personal relationships where someone is being cold but not necessarily cruel. Choosing the right word depends on the level of 'mercilessness' you are trying to describe.

In a legal or formal context, you might encounter shaghi (شقی), which means 'wicked' or 'villainous'. This word implies that the person's mercilessness is a result of their inherent bad character. Finally, bi-shafaghat (بی‌شفقت) is another synonym that specifically points to the lack of 'shafaghat' (tenderness/kindness). It is less common than 'bi-rahm' but adds a touch of formal elegance to your speech. By mastering these synonyms, you can tailor your Persian to be more precise and evocative, reflecting the specific type of 'mercilessness' you encounter in text or conversation.

حاکم سفاک تمام مخالفان خود را زندانی کرد. (The bloodthirsty ruler imprisoned all his opponents.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

Because 'rahm' comes from the word for womb, being 'bi-rahm' etymologically suggests being disconnected from the very source of life and nurturing.

发音指南

UK /biː ræhm/

US /bi ræhm/

The stress is typically on the second part of the compound, '-rahm'.

押韵词

فهم (fahm - understanding) سهم (sahm - share) وهم (vahm - illusion) جهم (jahm - grim/unpleasant) لحم (lahm - meat/flesh - formal) نظم (nazm - order - slant rhyme) بزم (bazm - feast - slant rhyme) رزم (razm - battle - slant rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'bi' as 'bye'. It should always be 'bee'.
Skipping the 'h' sound in 'rahm'. It's a soft breathy sound.
Merging 'bi' and 'rahm' too quickly without a slight pause or distinct boundary.
Confusing the 'a' in 'rahm' with an 'o' sound.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize due to the common 'bi-' prefix.

写作 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'rahm' (with 'h' and 'm').

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

听力 3/5

Commonly used in media, making it easy to spot.

接下来学什么

前置知识

بی- رحم مهربان بد آدم

接下来学习

ظالم سنگدل شفقت عدالت قساوت

高级

قسی‌القلب سفاک جفا ستمکار مروت

需要掌握的语法

Prefix 'bi-' (without)

بی‌ادب (rude), بی‌کار (unemployed), بی‌گناه (innocent)

Ezafe Construction

پادشاهِ بی‌رحم (The merciless king)

Adverbial suffix '-ane'

بی‌رحمانه (mercilessly)

Abstract noun suffix '-i'

بی‌رحمی (mercilessness)

Adjective placement

Adjectives follow the noun in Persian.

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按水平分级的例句

این مرد بی‌رحم است.

This man is merciless.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb construction.

او با گربه بی‌رحم بود.

He was merciless with the cat.

Using 'ba' (with/to) to show the object of the action.

پادشاه بی‌رحم شهر را گرفت.

The merciless king took the city.

Adjective following the noun with Ezafe.

زمستان بی‌رحم آمد.

The merciless winter came.

Personification of a season.

چرا بی‌رحم هستی؟

Why are you merciless?

Direct question using the adjective.

او یک دشمن بی‌رحم است.

He is a merciless enemy.

Standard noun-adjective phrase.

آن‌ها خیلی بی‌رحم هستند.

They are very merciless.

Plural subject with the adjective.

من بی‌رحم نیستم.

I am not merciless.

Negative form of the 'to be' verb.

در داستان‌ها، گرگ همیشه بی‌رحم است.

In stories, the wolf is always merciless.

General statement about a character.

آفتاب بی‌رحم بیابان ما را تشنه کرد.

The merciless sun of the desert made us thirsty.

Metaphorical use for nature.

او با برادرش بی‌رحم رفتار کرد.

He behaved mercilessly with his brother.

Describing behavior.

نباید با حیوانات بی‌رحم باشیم.

We should not be merciless with animals.

Modal verb 'nabayad' (should not).

این بازی خیلی بی‌رحم است.

This game is very merciless.

Informal use for a difficult task.

او یک قاتل بی‌رحم را در فیلم دید.

He saw a merciless killer in the movie.

Object of the verb 'did' (saw).

صدای بی‌رحم او مرا ترساند.

His merciless voice scared me.

Adjective describing a voice.

دنیا گاهی بی‌رحم می‌شود.

The world sometimes becomes merciless.

Using the verb 'shodan' (to become).

معلم بی‌رحم به هیچ کس نمره نداد.

The merciless teacher gave no one a grade.

Hyperbolic use in a school context.

طوفان بی‌رحم تمام خانه‌ها را خراب کرد.

The merciless storm destroyed all the houses.

Describing a natural disaster.

او بی‌رحمانه حقیقت را به من گفت.

He told me the truth mercilessly.

Adverbial form 'bi-rahmane'.

ما نباید نسبت به فقر بی‌رحم باشیم.

We should not be merciless toward poverty.

Using 'nesbat be' (toward/regarding).

سرنوشت بی‌رحم آن‌ها را از هم جدا کرد.

Merciless fate separated them.

Abstract noun as subject.

او قلبی بی‌رحم دارد که هیچ عشقی را نمی‌فهمد.

He has a merciless heart that understands no love.

Relative clause 'ke...'.

رقابت در این بازار بسیار بی‌رحم است.

Competition in this market is very merciless.

Business context.

آن‌ها بی‌رحمانه به شهر حمله کردند.

They attacked the city mercilessly.

Adverb modifying the verb 'hamleh kardan'.

قوانین بی‌رحم این کشور باید تغییر کنند.

The merciless laws of this country must change.

Political/Social context.

او با بی‌رحمی تمام، درخواست مرا رد کرد.

With total mercilessness, he rejected my request.

Noun form 'bi-rahmi'.

اقتصاد بی‌رحم باعث شد بسیاری بیکار شوند.

The merciless economy caused many to become unemployed.

Cause and effect sentence.

او به عنوان یک رهبر بی‌رحم شناخته می‌شد.

He was known as a merciless leader.

Passive voice 'shenakhte mishod'.

چگونه می‌توانی اینقدر بی‌رحم باشی و گریه او را ببینی؟

How can you be so merciless and watch her cry?

Rhetorical question.

طبیعت در عین زیبایی، می‌تواند بی‌رحم هم باشد.

Nature, while beautiful, can also be merciless.

Contrastive sentence using 'dar eyn-e'.

او بی‌رحمانه از اشتباهات دیگران استفاده می‌کند.

He mercilessly uses the mistakes of others.

Describing opportunistic behavior.

این یک قضاوت بی‌رحم و ناعادلانه است.

This is a merciless and unjust judgment.

Pairing with another adjective 'na-adelane'.

شعر کلاسیک فارسی پر از گلایه از معشوق بی‌رحم است.

Classical Persian poetry is full of complaints about the merciless beloved.

Literary context.

او در نقد کتاب، بسیار بی‌رحم و صریح بود.

In his book review, he was very merciless and blunt.

Describing intellectual rigor.

بی‌رحمی تاریخ، نام او را از یادها برد.

The mercilessness of history erased his name from memories.

Abstract personification of history.

نظام سرمایه‌داری گاهی بیش از حد بی‌رحم جلوه می‌کند.

The capitalist system sometimes appears excessively merciless.

Sophisticated vocabulary like 'jelveh kardan'.

او با نگاهی بی‌رحم، تمام نقشه‌های مرا نقش بر آب کرد.

With a merciless look, he ruined all my plans.

Idiomatic expression 'naghsh bar ab kardan'.

حتی در جنگ هم نباید بی‌رحمی به حد اعلا برسد.

Even in war, mercilessness should not reach the ultimate limit.

Formal philosophical statement.

او بی‌رحمانه تمام پل‌های پشت سرش را خراب کرد.

He mercilessly burned all the bridges behind him.

Idiomatic use of 'burning bridges'.

منتقد بی‌رحم، هیچ جنبه مثبتی در اثر ندید.

The merciless critic saw no positive aspect in the work.

Subject-Adjective agreement.

فلسفه نیچه بر این باور است که زندگی در ذات خود بی‌رحم است.

Nietzsche's philosophy believes that life is inherently merciless.

High-level philosophical discussion.

او با مهارتی بی‌رحمانه، حریف را در شطرنج شکست داد.

With merciless skill, he defeated his opponent in chess.

Adverbial phrase for technical mastery.

تجلی بی‌رحمی در آثار داستایوفسکی به وضوح دیده می‌شود.

The manifestation of mercilessness is clearly seen in Dostoevsky's works.

Literary analysis vocabulary.

او بی‌رحمانه به کالبدشکافی روان خود پرداخت.

He mercilessly proceeded with the dissection of his own psyche.

Metaphorical use for self-reflection.

عدالت بدون رحمت، چیزی جز بی‌رحمی سیستماتیک نیست.

Justice without mercy is nothing but systematic mercilessness.

Complex logical structure.

او در برابر وسوسه‌ها، بی‌رحمانه ایستادگی کرد.

He stood mercilessly firm against temptations.

Using the word for positive self-discipline.

این اثر هنری، تصویری بی‌رحم از واقعیت‌های اجتماعی است.

This artwork is a merciless depiction of social realities.

Art criticism context.

گذر بی‌رحم زمان، همه چیز را به فرسودگی می‌کشاند.

The merciless passage of time leads everything to decay.

Poetic reflection on time.

常见搭配

دشمن بی‌رحم

زمستان بی‌رحم

قاتل بی‌رحم

دنیای بی‌رحم

قوانین بی‌رحم

آفتاب بی‌رحم

حاکم بی‌رحم

سرنوشت بی‌رحم

نگاه بی‌رحم

بی‌رحمی کردن

常用短语

بی‌رحمی محض

— Absolute mercilessness. Used to describe a situation with zero compassion.

این کار او بی‌رحمی محض بود.

چقدر بی‌رحمی!

— How merciless you are! Often used in arguments or complaints.

واقعاً دلت نمی‌سوزد؟ چقدر بی‌رحمی!

بی‌رحمانه کشتن

— To kill mercilessly. Common in news and history books.

آن‌ها اسرا را بی‌رحمانه کشتند.

چرخ بی‌رحم زمان

— The merciless wheel of time. A poetic way to say time waits for no one.

چرخ بی‌رحم زمان همه ما را پیر می‌کند.

قضاوت بی‌رحمانه

— Merciless judgment. Being very harsh in evaluating someone.

او قضاوت بی‌رحمانه‌ای درباره فیلم داشت.

بی‌رحم بودن نسبت به خود

— To be merciless toward oneself. Pushing oneself too hard.

اینقدر نسبت به خودت بی‌رحم نباش.

لبخند بی‌رحم

— A merciless smile. A smile that shows no kindness or hidden malice.

لبخندی بی‌رحم بر لبانش نقش بست.

سکوت بی‌رحم

— Merciless silence. A silence that is painful or ignoring someone's plea.

سکوت بی‌رحم او از هر حرفی بدتر بود.

دست بی‌رحم تقدیر

— The merciless hand of fate. Similar to 'fate', but more active.

دست بی‌رحم تقدیر او را به اینجا کشاند.

بی‌رحمی روزگار

— The mercilessness of the times/era. Complaining about life's hardships.

همه ما از بی‌رحمی روزگار می‌نالیم.

容易混淆的词

بی‌رحم vs سخت‌گیر

Means 'strict'. A strict person follows rules; a bi-rahm person lacks heart.

بی‌رحم vs بد

Means 'bad'. Bi-rahm is much more specific and intense than just 'bad'.

بی‌رحم vs عصبانی

Means 'angry'. You can be bi-rahm without being angry (coldly cruel).

习语与表达

"دلش از سنگ است"

— His heart is made of stone. Used for a very bi-rahm person.

او به گریه مادرش هم توجه نکرد، دلش از سنگ است.

Informal

"خون جلوی چشمش را گرفته"

— Blood has covered his eyes. Describing someone so bi-rahm they can't see reason.

نزدیکش نرو، خون جلوی چشمش را گرفته.

Slang/Informal

"بویی از انسانیت نبرده"

— He hasn't caught a scent of humanity. Describing someone totally bi-rahm.

او بویی از انسانیت نبرده که این کار را کرد.

Neutral

"بی‌چشم و رو"

— Shameless and ungrateful, often implying bi-rahm behavior to benefactors.

او خیلی بی‌چشم و رو و بی‌رحم است.

Informal

"رحم در دلش نیست"

— There is no mercy in his heart. A literal idiomatic description.

او رحم در دلش نیست و هر کاری می‌کند.

Neutral

"مثل جلاد"

— Like an executioner. Describing someone acting bi-rahm.

او مثل جلاد با کارمندانش رفتار می‌کند.

Neutral

"تبر به ریشه زدن"

— To hit the root with an axe. Acting bi-rahmly to destroy something completely.

او با این حرفش بی‌رحمانه تبر به ریشه دوستی‌مان زد.

Literary

"دندان تیز کردن"

— To sharpen teeth. Preparing to act bi-rahmly to get something.

دشمن برای زمین‌های ما دندان تیز کرده و بی‌رحم است.

Neutral

"پوست از کله کندن"

— To skin the head. A threat of bi-rahm punishment.

اگر اشتباه کنی، رئیس پوست از کله‌ات می‌کند.

Slang

"اشک تمساح ریختن"

— To cry crocodile tears. Pretending to have rahm while being bi-rahm.

باور نکن، او فقط دارد اشک تمساح می‌ریزد.

Neutral

容易混淆

بی‌رحم vs سنگدل

Both mean merciless.

Sangdel is more poetic and refers to emotional coldness; bi-rahm is more general and used in formal contexts.

یار سنگدل (Poetic) vs. قاتل بی‌رحم (News).

بی‌رحم vs ظالم

Both describe bad people.

Zalem implies injustice and oppression of rights; bi-rahm implies a lack of internal pity.

پادشاه ظالم (Oppressor) vs. گرگ بی‌رحم (Merciless animal).

بی‌رحم vs خشن

Both involve harshness.

Khashan means 'violent' or 'rough' (physical), while bi-rahm is a lack of mercy (internal).

رفتار خشن (Rough behavior) vs. قلب بی‌رحم (Merciless heart).

بی‌رحم vs نامهربان

Both are negatives of kindness.

Na-mehraban is 'unkind' (light); bi-rahm is 'merciless' (heavy/severe).

دوست نامهربان vs. دشمن بی‌رحم.

بی‌رحم vs قسی

Both mean hard-hearted.

Ghasi is very formal/Arabic; bi-rahm is the standard Persian word.

قلب قسی (Academic/Religious) vs. آدم بی‌رحم (Standard).

句型

[Noun] [Adjective] ast.

او بی‌رحم است.

[Noun]-e [Adjective] [Verb].

مرد بی‌رحم رفت.

Chera in-ghadr [Adjective] hasti?

چرا اینقدر بی‌رحم هستی؟

[Noun] be shekl-e [Adverb] [Verb].

او به شکلی بی‌رحمانه خندید.

[Noun form] dar [Context] dideh mishavad.

بی‌رحمی در رفتار او دیده می‌شود.

Hatta [Noun] ham nemitavanad [Adjective] bashad.

حتی او هم نمی‌تواند اینقدر بی‌رحم باشد.

Zat-e [Noun] [Adjective] ast.

ذات زمان بی‌رحم است.

[Adjective]-tarin [Noun]-e tarikh.

بی‌رحم‌ترین پادشاه تاریخ.

词族

名词

بی‌رحمی (bi-rahmi - mercilessness/cruelty)

رحم (rahm - mercy)

رحمت (rahmat - compassion/divine mercy)

动词

بی‌رحمی کردن (bi-rahmi kardan - to act mercilessly)

رحم کردن (rahm kardan - to show mercy)

形容词

بی‌رحم (bi-rahm - merciless)

با‌رحم (ba-rahm - merciful)

رحیم (rahim - compassionate - formal)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in both written and spoken Persian.

常见错误

Using 'bi-rahm' for 'strict'. → Using 'sakht-gir'.
Strictness is about rules; mercilessness is about a lack of heart.
Saying 'bi rahm' without Ezafe. → Saying 'bi-rahm-e'.
The noun-adjective connection requires the Ezafe sound.
Confusing 'bi-rahm' with 'bi-rahmi'. → Using the adjective for people and the noun for concepts.
One is 'merciless' (adj), the other is 'mercilessness' (noun).
Pronouncing 'bi' as 'bye'. → Pronouncing it as 'bee'.
The Persian prefix 'bi-' always sounds like the English word 'bee'.
Using it for a broken machine. → Using 'kharab'.
Don't personify machines with 'bi-rahm' unless you are being very poetic.

小贴士

Prefix Power

Learn the 'bi-' prefix. Once you know 'bi-rahm', you can easily understand 'bi-gharb' (homeless) or 'bi-nam' (nameless).

Synonym Nuance

Use 'sangdel' for emotional situations and 'bi-rahm' for actions or natural forces.

Tone Matters

When you say 'bi-rahm', let your voice be firm and cold to emphasize the meaning.

Ezafe Connection

Always remember the -e sound between the noun and 'bi-rahm'. It's 'doshman-e bi-rahm'.

Chivalry

Understand that being 'bi-rahm' is the opposite of 'javanmardi', a key Iranian virtue.

News Keywords

In news broadcasts, 'bi-rahmane' often precedes verbs like 'attacked' or 'killed'.

Character Analysis

When you see 'bi-rahm' describing a character, expect them to be the villain.

Bee-Room

The Bee has no Room for mercy. Simple and effective!

Hyperbole

Don't be afraid to use it for very hard tasks, but be careful with people.

The Beloved

In poetry, 'bi-rahm' isn't always evil; it's often just the coldness of a lover.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Bee' (bi) that has no 'Room' (rahm) for kindness in its hive. It's a 'Bi-rahm' bee!

视觉联想

Imagine a heart turning into a cold, gray stone. This is the visual of someone who is 'bi-rahm'.

Word Web

Cruel No Pity Cold Stone-hearted Strict Winter Tyrant Unkind

挑战

Try to write three sentences describing a villain in a movie using 'bi-rahm', 'bi-rahmi', and 'bi-rahmane'.

词源

A compound of the Persian prefix 'bi-' (without) and the Arabic loanword 'rahm' (mercy/womb).

原始含义： The root R-H-M in Arabic originally relates to the 'womb' (rahim), implying the natural compassion a mother has for her child. 'Bi-rahm' is thus the absence of this primal, fundamental kindness.

Indo-European (Persian prefix) + Afroasiatic (Arabic root).

文化背景

Calling someone 'bi-rahm' is a serious insult. Use it with caution in social settings.

Similar to 'merciless' or 'pitiless', but with a stronger religious and historical undertone.

The character of Zahhak in the Shahnameh is the ultimate 'bi-rahm' figure. Modern Iranian films like 'The Salesman' explore the 'bi-rahm' nature of social judgment. Classical poems by Rumi often contrast the 'bi-rahm' world with the 'ba-rahm' Creator.

在生活中练习

真实语境

History/Politics

دیکتاتور بی‌رحم
سرکوب بی‌رحمانه
رژیم بی‌رحم
کشتار بی‌رحم

Weather/Nature

سرمای بی‌رحم
آفتاب بی‌رحم
دریای بی‌رحم
طوفان بی‌رحم

Romance/Poetry

یار بی‌رحم
معشوق بی‌رحم
دل بی‌رحم
نگاه بی‌رحم

Daily Life

رئیس بی‌رحم
امتحان بی‌رحم
ترافیک بی‌رحم
همسایه بی‌رحم

Sports

حریف بی‌رحم
بازی بی‌رحمانه
نتیجه بی‌رحم
داور بی‌رحم

对话开场白

"آیا تا به حال با یک آدم بی‌رحم روبرو شده‌ای؟ (Have you ever faced a merciless person?)"

"به نظر تو کدام شخصیت فیلم‌ها از همه بی‌رحم‌تر است؟ (In your opinion, which movie character is the most merciless?)"

"آیا فکر می‌کنی طبیعت بی‌رحم است یا فقط از قوانین خودش پیروی می‌کند؟ (Do you think nature is merciless or just follows its own laws?)"

"چطور می‌توان در یک دنیای بی‌رحم، مهربان باقی ماند؟ (How can one stay kind in a merciless world?)"

"آیا تا به حال مجبور شده‌ای نسبت به کسی بی‌رحم باشی؟ (Have you ever had to be merciless toward someone?)"

日记主题

خاطره‌ای از زمانی که کسی با تو بی‌رحمی کرد بنویس. (Write a memory of a time someone was merciless to you.)

آیا بی‌رحمی همیشه بد است؟ در چه شرایطی ممکن است لازم باشد؟ (Is mercilessness always bad? In what conditions might it be necessary?)

توصیف یک منظره طبیعی که در آن قدرت بی‌رحم طبیعت دیده می‌شود. (Describe a natural landscape where the merciless power of nature is seen.)

چگونه بی‌رحمی در جامعه می‌تواند بر روحیه مردم تاثیر بگذارد؟ (How can mercilessness in society affect people's spirits?)

نامه‌ای به یک شخصیت بی‌رحم در یک کتاب بنویس و از او انتقاد کن. (Write a letter to a merciless character in a book and criticize them.)

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, in 99% of cases, it is a negative description of a person's character. However, when used for things like 'winter' or 'time', it is a descriptive metaphor for something that cannot be stopped or softened.

Bi-rahm is the adjective (merciless), while bi-rahmi is the noun (mercilessness). Example: 'He is bi-rahm' vs 'His bi-rahmi is famous'.

Yes, it is common slang among students to say an exam was 'bi-rahm' if it was extremely hard and showed no mercy to the students' knowledge.

The opposite is 'ba-rahm' (merciful), but it is less common than 'mehraban' (kind) or 'rahim' (compassionate).

The adverb is 'bi-rahmane'. You add the suffix '-ane' to the adjective.

Very often. It usually refers to the 'beloved' who does not return the poet's love, or to 'fate' which brings suffering.

Yes, you can describe a predator as 'bi-rahm', though usually we use it for humans who have a choice to be kind.

It comes from Arabic, meaning mercy or pity. It is related to the word for 'womb'.

It is neutral. You can use it in a news report, a book, or a conversation with a friend.

No, adjectives in Persian do not change to match the number of the noun. 'Mard-e bi-rahm' (one man) and 'Mard-ha-ye bi-rahm' (many men).

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