دایره 30秒了解
- Dāyere means 'circle' in Persian. It is used for geometric shapes, social circles, and administrative departments.
- It is a noun of Arabic origin. The plural can be 'dāyere-hā' or the formal 'davāyer'.
- Commonly paired with 'keshidan' (to draw) and used in 'Dāyere-ye Ma'āref' (Encyclopedia).
- Essential for A1 learners to describe shapes and for advanced learners to discuss social and philosophical concepts.
The Persian word دایره (pronounced /dāyere/) is a fundamental noun that primarily refers to a 'circle' in both geometric and conceptual senses. At its most basic level, it describes a perfectly round shape where every point on the boundary is at an equal distance from the center. However, in the rich tapestry of the Persian language, its meaning expands far beyond the confines of a compass-drawn figure. It represents cycles, social boundaries, administrative departments, and even musical instruments. In Iranian architecture, the concept of the circle is divine, representing the sky and the infinite nature of the universe, often seen in the base of the magnificent turquoise domes of Isfahan.
- Geometric Definition
- A closed curve consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the center.
- Social Context
- A group of people with shared interests or social connections, such as 'dāyere-ye doostān' (circle of friends).
- Administrative Usage
- In older governmental structures, it refers to a specific office or department within a larger organization.
خورشید مانند یک دایره طلایی در آسمان میدرخشد.
— The sun shines like a golden circle in the sky.
When we look at the word's etymology, we find its roots in the Arabic 'dā'irah', which implies something that turns or revolves. This sense of rotation is crucial. In Persian culture, the 'Dāyere-ye Zangi' (tambourine) is a staple of traditional music, its circular frame holding the rhythm of celebrations. Furthermore, the concept of 'Dāyere-ye Ma'āref' (Encyclopedia) suggests a 'circle of knowledge' that encompasses all human understanding. This illustrates how the word bridges the gap between a simple shape and a complex philosophical container.
بچهها در حیاط مدرسه یک دایره بزرگ تشکیل دادند.
- Abstract Usage
- The limits or scope of something, like 'dāyere-ye nofooz' (circle of influence).
Using the word دایره effectively requires understanding its role as a noun that can be modified by various adjectives and verbs. In Persian grammar, it follows the standard 'Ezafe' construction when linked to other words. For example, 'dāyere-ye bozorg' (a big circle). When you want to say 'to draw a circle', the most common verb pairing is 'keshidan' (کشیدن). Thus, 'yek dāyere bekesh' means 'draw a circle'.
- Mathematical Context: You will hear terms like 'sho'ā-ye dāyere' (radius of the circle) and 'ghotr-e dāyere' (diameter of the circle).
- Social Context: 'Dāyere-ye doostān-e man mahdood ast' (My circle of friends is limited). Here, it functions exactly like the English 'social circle'.
- Idiomatic Context: 'Dāyere-ye mo'āref' is the standard term for an encyclopedia. Even though 'dāneshnāme' is more modern, 'dāyere-ye mo'āref' is still widely used and recognized.
In formal writing, 'dāyere' can also refer to a department. For instance, 'dāyere-ye nezām-vazife' refers to the conscription office. This usage is slightly more bureaucratic and is being replaced in some contexts by 'edāre' or 'bakhsh', but it remains prevalent in legal and historical documents. When describing something that is circular, you can use the adjective 'davāri' (circular), but often people simply say 'be shekl-e dāyere' (in the shape of a circle).
The word دایره is ubiquitous in Iranian life. You will hear it in the classroom starting from preschool, where children are taught basic shapes. In a geometry class, the word is repeated constantly as students calculate circumferences and areas. However, its reach extends far beyond the school walls. If you are attending a traditional Iranian wedding, you might see a 'Dāyere-ye Zangi' being played—a small handheld drum with metal rings that jingle.
In the news or political discussions, you might hear about 'dāyere-ye nofooz' (sphere of influence) when analysts discuss regional power dynamics. In literature and philosophy, the 'circle' is a recurring motif representing the cyclical nature of time or the 'Dāyere-ye Ghesmat' (the circle of fate). If you are navigating Persian bureaucracy, you might be directed to a specific 'dāyere' or office. Even in art galleries, the 'dāyere' is a central element in Persian calligraphy and 'Tazhib' (illumination), where circular patterns symbolize unity and perfection.
One of the most frequent mistakes for learners is confusing دایره (circle) with گرد (gerd). While 'gerd' is an adjective meaning 'round', 'dāyere' is the noun for the shape itself. You can say 'miz gerd ast' (the table is round), but you wouldn't say 'miz dāyere ast' unless you mean 'the table is a circle'.
Another common error is confusing it with کره (koreh), which means 'sphere'. A circle is 2D, while a sphere is 3D. Beginners often use 'dāyere' to describe a ball or the Earth, which is technically incorrect; you should use 'koreh' for those. Additionally, pay attention to the plural form. While 'dāyere-hā' is the standard Persian plural, you will often encounter the Arabic broken plural دوایر (davāyer) in formal, legal, or technical texts. Using 'dāyere-hā' in a highly formal legal document might seem slightly informal, whereas using 'davāyer' in a casual conversation would sound overly stiff and academic.
Several words share a semantic field with دایره. The most common is گرد (gerd), which describes the quality of being round. Another is مدور (modavvar), a more formal Arabic-rooted adjective meaning 'circular' or 'rounded'. In the context of movement, چرخ (charkh) refers to a wheel or a turn, which shares the circular motion inherent in a 'dāyere'.
For specific types of circles, we have حلقه (halghe), which means 'ring' or 'hoop'. While a 'dāyere' can be a solid disk, a 'halghe' specifically refers to the empty-centered ring shape. In social contexts, جرگه (jorgeh) or محفل (mahfel) can be used to describe a circle of people or a gathering, though 'dāyere-ye doostān' remains a very common idiomatic expression. Finally, گردی (gerdi) is the noun for 'roundness', often used when describing the shape of someone's face or an object in a more poetic or descriptive way.
How Formal Is It?
难度评级
需要掌握的语法
Ezafe construction for adjectives
Pluralization of nouns
Compound verbs with 'kardan' and 'keshidan'
Direct object marker 'rā'
Prepositional phrases
按水平分级的例句
این یک دایره است.
This is a circle.
Subject + Verb 'ast'
دایره زرد است.
The circle is yellow.
Adjective follows the noun
یک دایره بکش.
Draw a circle.
Imperative verb 'bekesh'
ساعت مثل دایره است.
The clock is like a circle.
Using 'mesl-e' for comparison
من دایره را دوست دارم.
I like the circle.
Direct object marker 'rā'
این دایره بزرگ است.
This circle is big.
Adjective 'bozorg'
دو دایره کوچک اینجا هست.
There are two small circles here.
Plurality with numbers
توپ دایره نیست، گرد است.
The ball is not a circle, it is round.
Distinction between noun and adjective
او در دفترش یک دایره کشید.
He drew a circle in his notebook.
Past tense 'keshid'
خورشید یک دایره درخشان است.
The sun is a shining circle.
Attributive adjective
بشقابها معمولاً به شکل دایره هستند.
Plates are usually in the shape of a circle.
'be shekl-e' phrase
ما در بازی یک دایره درست کردیم.
We made a circle in the game.
Compound verb 'dorost kardan'
این دایره خیلی کج است.
This circle is very crooked.
Adverb 'kheyli'
آیا میتوانی یک دایره کامل بکشی؟
Can you draw a perfect circle?
Modal verb 'mitavāni'
او یک دایره قرمز روی نقشه گذاشت.
He put a red circle on the map.
Preposition 'rooye'
چشمهای گربه مثل دو دایره هستند.
The cat's eyes are like two circles.
Plural 'chashm-hā'
دایره دوستان من بسیار صمیمی است.
My circle of friends is very intimate.
Metaphorical usage
معلم ریاضی مساحت دایره را توضیح داد.
The math teacher explained the area of the circle.
Technical vocabulary 'masāhat'
او در دایره المعارف دنبال مطلب گشت.
He looked for the topic in the encyclopedia.
Compound noun 'Dāyere-ye Ma'āref'
پرگار وسیلهای برای کشیدن دایره است.
A compass is a tool for drawing circles.
Instrumental noun 'vasileh'
دایره نفوذ این شرکت در حال گسترش است.
This company's circle of influence is expanding.
Abstract concept 'nofooz'
او با دایرهزنگی در جشن مینواخت.
He was playing the tambourine at the celebration.
Musical instrument 'Dāyere-zangi'
شعاع این دایره پنج سانتیمتر است.
The radius of this circle is five centimeters.
Mathematical term 'sho'ā'
ما باید از این دایره بسته خارج شویم.
We must get out of this closed circle.
Idiomatic 'dāyere-ye basteh'
سیاستمداران سعی دارند دایره قدرت خود را حفظ کنند.
Politicians try to maintain their circle of power.
Complex noun phrase
این بحث در یک دایره باطل افتاده است.
This argument has fallen into a vicious circle.
Idiom 'dāyere-ye bātel'
دایره واژگان او بسیار گسترده است.
His vocabulary circle (range) is very extensive.
Abstract 'dāyere-ye vāzhagān'
او در دایره جنایی پلیس کار میکند.
He works in the police criminal department.
Administrative usage
محیط دایره با فرمول خاصی محاسبه میشود.
The circumference of a circle is calculated with a specific formula.
Technical term 'mohit'
هر چه دایره دانش ما بزرگتر شود، نادانی ما بیشتر عیان میگردد.
The larger our circle of knowledge becomes, the more our ignorance is revealed.
Comparative structure
او خارج از دایره اعتماد ما قرار دارد.
He is outside our circle of trust.
Prepositional phrase 'khārej az'
دایره فعالیتهای خیریه او تمام شهر را در بر میگیرد.
The scope of his charitable activities covers the whole city.
Verb 'dar bar gereftan'
در فلسفه اشراق، دایره نماد کمال و وحدت است.
In Illuminationist philosophy, the circle is a symbol of perfection and unity.
Academic register
دوایر دولتی موظف به پاسخگویی به شهروندان هستند.
Government departments are obliged to be accountable to citizens.
Broken plural 'davāyer'
شاعر جهان را به دایرهای تشبیه کرده که مرکز آن همه جاست.
The poet likened the world to a circle whose center is everywhere.
Literary device 'tashbih'
دایره امکان در منطق به معنای تمام موجودات ممکن است.
The 'circle of possibility' in logic means all possible beings.
Technical philosophical term
این نظریه دایره شمول قوانین فیزیک را زیر سوال میبرد.
This theory questions the scope of the laws of physics.
Formal term 'dāyere-ye shomool'
معماری گنبدها بر اساس هندسه دایره بنا شده است.
The architecture of domes is built based on the geometry of the circle.
Passive construction
او در دایره المعارف نویسی تخصص دارد.
He specializes in encyclopedism.
Noun suffix '-nevisi'
تحولات اخیر، دایره انتخابهای ما را محدود کرده است.
Recent developments have limited our circle of choices.
Present perfect tense
چرخ فلک بیانگر دایره مینایی و سرنوشت محتوم انسان است.
The Ferris wheel (or celestial sphere) represents the azure circle and man's inevitable fate.
High literary Persian
در متون کهن، دایره البروج برای تعیین طالع استفاده میشد.
In ancient texts, the Zodiac (circle of signs) was used to determine horoscopes.
Archaic terminology
تبیین دایره وجود در حکمت متعالیه مستلزم درک عمیق هستیشناسی است.
Explaining the 'circle of existence' in Transcendent Theosophy requires a deep understanding of ontology.
Highly technical philosophical language
این اثر هنری تضاد میان دایره و خطوط شکسته را به تصویر میکشد.
This artwork depicts the contrast between the circle and broken lines.
Art criticism register
او با مهارتی بینظیر، دایرههای تو در تو را در تذهیب اجرا میکند.
With unparalleled skill, he executes concentric circles in illumination.
Descriptive superlative
مفهوم دایره در اندیشه عطار، سیری از خلق به حق است.
The concept of the circle in Attar's thought is a journey from creation to Truth.
Sufi metaphysical context
دوایر متداخل در این نمودار، پیچیدگی روابط سازمانی را نشان میدهند.
The overlapping circles in this diagram show the complexity of organizational relationships.
Technical adjective 'motadākhel'
حکیم عمر خیام در اشعارش به دایره حیرت اشارههای فراوان دارد.
Hakim Omar Khayyam makes many references to the 'circle of wonder' in his poems.
Literary allusion
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
习语与表达
容易混淆
Gerd is an adjective (round), Dāyere is a noun (circle).
Koreh is 3D (sphere), Dāyere is 2D (circle).
Halghe is a ring (hollow), Dāyere can be a solid disk.
Charkh is a wheel or the act of turning.
Daf is a specific large frame drum, similar to a Dāyere but larger.
句型
如何使用
While 'dāyere' is Arabic, it is fully integrated. 'Gerd' is its Persian adjective counterpart.
The broken plural 'davāyer' is high-register.
- Using 'Dāyere' as an adjective (use 'Gerd' instead).
- Confusing 'Dāyere' (2D) with 'Koreh' (3D).
- Mispronouncing it as 'Dāyer'.
- Forgetting the Ezafe in compound phrases.
- Using 'Dāyere' for 'Ring' (use 'Halghe' for hollow rings).
小贴士
Ezafe Usage
Always use the Ezafe (-ye) when describing the circle, e.g., 'Dāyere-ye abi' (Blue circle).
Social Circles
Use 'Dāyere-ye doostān' to talk about your social life; it sounds very natural.
Final 'e'
The final 'e' in Dāyere is short, like the 'e' in 'pet', not a long 'ee'.
Architecture
Look for circles in Persian tilework; they represent the concept of 'Tawhid' (Unity).
Geometry
Learn 'Mohit' (Circumference) and 'Masāhat' (Area) along with Dāyere.
Instruments
A 'Dāyere' is also a drum. Don't be confused if you see it in a music shop!
Vicious Circle
Memorize 'Dāyere-ye bātel' for debates and formal discussions.
Spelling
Remember it's written with 'y' (ی) in the middle: دایره.
Formal Plural
Use 'Davāyer' when writing a formal letter to a government office.
Drawing
Practice saying 'Dāyere mikesham' (I am drawing a circle) while you doodle.
记住它
词源
Arabic (دائرة)
文化背景
The Dāyere is a medium-sized frame drum used in popular and classical music in Iran.
Khayyam and Hafez often use the circle as a metaphor for the cyclical and sometimes trap-like nature of existence.
在生活中练习
真实语境
对话开场白
"دایره دوستان تو بزرگ است؟ (Is your circle of friends large?)"
"چطور میتوان یک دایره کامل کشید؟ (How can one draw a perfect circle?)"
"آیا تا به حال دایرهزنگی نواختهای؟ (Have you ever played the tambourine?)"
"به نظر تو زندگی یک دایره است؟ (Do you think life is a circle?)"
"کدام دایره المعارف را ترجیح میدهی؟ (Which encyclopedia do you prefer?)"
日记主题
Describe your 'dāyere-ye doostān'. Who is in it?
Write about a time you felt you were in a 'dāyere-ye bātel' (vicious circle).
Reflect on the symbolism of the circle in your own culture.
List five things in your room that are in the shape of a 'dāyere'.
Imagine you work in a 'dāyere-ye jena'i' (criminal department). Describe your day.
常见问题
10 个问题Dāyere is the noun for the shape 'circle'. Gerd is the adjective for 'round'. You say 'The shape is a circle' (Dāyere) but 'The table is round' (Gerd).
You say 'Dāyere-ye Ma'āref'. It literally means 'Circle of Knowledge'. Another modern word is 'Dāneshnāme'.
Yes, in formal or older administrative contexts, 'Dāyere' refers to a specific office or sub-department, like 'Dāyere-ye Nezām-vazife'.
It is a tambourine, a traditional Persian musical instrument consisting of a circular frame with small metal jingles.
The common plural is 'Dāyere-hā'. In formal or legal Persian, the Arabic broken plural 'Davāyer' is used.
Technically no. A ball is a 'Koreh' (sphere). Dāyere is only for 2D shapes.
It means 'vicious circle', a situation where one problem causes another, which then makes the first problem worse.
It is of Arabic origin but has been used in Persian for centuries and is considered a standard part of the vocabulary.
Radius is 'Sho'ā' (شعاع) and Diameter is 'Ghotr' (قطر).
It means 'Sphere of Influence', often used in political or social contexts to describe the extent of someone's power.
自我测试 180 个问题
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'دایره' (Dāyere) is more than just a geometric circle; it is a versatile Persian term encompassing social groups, administrative units, and philosophical symbols of perfection, making it a cornerstone of both daily conversation and academic discourse.
- Dāyere means 'circle' in Persian. It is used for geometric shapes, social circles, and administrative departments.
- It is a noun of Arabic origin. The plural can be 'dāyere-hā' or the formal 'davāyer'.
- Commonly paired with 'keshidan' (to draw) and used in 'Dāyere-ye Ma'āref' (Encyclopedia).
- Essential for A1 learners to describe shapes and for advanced learners to discuss social and philosophical concepts.
Ezafe Usage
Always use the Ezafe (-ye) when describing the circle, e.g., 'Dāyere-ye abi' (Blue circle).
Social Circles
Use 'Dāyere-ye doostān' to talk about your social life; it sounds very natural.
Final 'e'
The final 'e' in Dāyere is short, like the 'e' in 'pet', not a long 'ee'.
Architecture
Look for circles in Persian tilework; they represent the concept of 'Tawhid' (Unity).
相关内容
更多general词汇
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1“عادی”这个词的意思是“正常”或“普通”。例如：“平凡的一天”(یک روز عادی)。
عافیت
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عاجل
B2紧急的；需要立即关注或行动的。例如：“紧急新闻”或“早日康复”。
عاقبت
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عاقل
A1明智的，理智的。指有判断力、不感情用事的人。
عالمگیر
C1全世界的，普遍的。影响全球的事物。
عالی
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عام
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اعم از
B2包括；无论是...还是...（用于引入选项）。
