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A2 noun #3,000 最常用 11分钟阅读

دماغ

Q: How do I spell the plural of 'damāgh'?

دماغها (damāgh-hā). In speech, it often sounds like 'damāgh-ā'.

前3,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 دماغ 30秒了解

解析 دماغ in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'damāgh' means 'nose'. You should be able to point to your nose and say 'In damāgh-e man ast' (This is my nose). You will likely hear this word when talking about simple health issues, like having a cold (sar-mā khordan). It is one of the basic body parts you learn along with 'chashm' (eye) and 'dast' (hand). Focus on the physical object and the simple possessive forms like 'damāgham' (my nose). You might also see it in children's books or basic anatomy charts for beginners. Don't worry about the 'mood' or 'brain' meanings yet; just treat it as the common word for the facial feature.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'damāgh' in more descriptive ways. You can talk about the size of a nose (bozorg/kūchak) or its color (ghermez). You should start noticing the difference between the spoken 'damāgh' and the written 'bini' found in your textbooks. You can use it in basic situational sentences like 'Damāgham dard mikoneh' (My nose hurts) or 'Damāgh-at-o pāk kon' (Clean your nose). This is also the stage where you might encounter the common greeting 'Damāghet chāghe?' and learn not to take it literally. You are building the foundation to use the word in everyday social interactions without sounding too formal.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'damāgh' in its colloquial sense and understanding its idiomatic uses. You will start hearing it in conversations about 'amal-e damāgh' (nose jobs), which is a major cultural topic in Iran. You should understand that when someone says they 'don't have damāgh', they are talking about their mood, not their anatomy. You can start using common phrases like 'damāgh-e kasi rā sukhtan' (to humiliate someone) in context. Your vocabulary should expand to include descriptors like 'oghābi' (hooked) or 'kūfte-ī' (fleshy). You should also be able to switch to 'bini' when writing a formal letter or an academic paragraph.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the nuance of 'damāgh' in different registers. You can follow a debate about beauty standards in Iran and understand the social implications of the word. You should be familiar with more complex idioms, such as 'damāgh-e kasi rā be khāk mālidan' (to rub someone's nose in the dirt/defeat them). You can read newspaper articles about health that use 'bini' and then discuss them with friends using 'damāgh'. Your understanding of the word is now tied to cultural awareness. You know that 'damāgh' can imply pride, arrogance, or health depending on the verb it is paired with (e.g., 'damāgh-bālā' for arrogant).

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At the C1 level, you explore the etymological and literary depths of 'damāgh'. You can read classical poetry (like Saadi or Hafez) and recognize that when they use 'damāgh', they are referring to the brain, the mind, or the spirit's 'scent'. You understand the historical transition of the word from Middle Persian to the modern day. You can use the word in sophisticated metaphors and understand subtle puns that play on the 'nose' vs. 'mood' meanings. Your command of the word allows you to use it in storytelling to add a layer of colloquial authenticity or literary depth. You also know related high-level words like 'mashām' (sense of smell) and can use them appropriately.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'damāgh'. you can distinguish between regional dialectical variations in how the word is used or pronounced. You can analyze the socio-linguistic reasons why 'damāgh' replaced 'bini' in common speech but not in formal writing. You can appreciate and create complex humor or satire involving the word. You understand the most obscure medical or philosophical uses of 'damāgh' in ancient texts. For you, the word is no longer just a label for a body part, but a versatile linguistic tool that connects modern Iranian culture with its thousand-year-old literary heritage. You can use it perfectly across all registers and contexts.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

دماغ 30秒了解

The most common colloquial word for 'nose' in Persian.
Used in daily life for health, beauty, and physical descriptions.
Carries a secondary meaning of 'mood' or 'spirit' in many idioms.
Contrast with the formal word 'bini', used in medical and literary contexts.

The Persian word دماغ (damāgh) is primarily used in modern, everyday Persian to refer to the 'nose'. While the formal and more clinical term is بینی (bini), you will find that in 90% of casual conversations, Persians will use 'damāgh'. However, this word carries a rich historical baggage. In classical Persian literature and older medical texts, 'damāgh' actually referred to the 'brain' or the 'seat of the mind'. This is why you might still encounter idioms where 'damāgh' refers to a person's mood or mental state rather than their physical facial feature.

Anatomical Usage: In daily life, if someone has a cold, they say their دماغ is stuffed. If someone is considering plastic surgery—a very common topic in Iran—they talk about their دماغ.
Psychological Usage: When a person is described as having no دماغ, it doesn't mean they lack a nose; it means they are not in the mood or are feeling depressed (bi-damāgh).

ببخشید، من امروز اصلاً دماغ حرف زدن ندارم.
(Sorry, I'm really not in the mood to talk today.)

Understanding the dual nature of this word is crucial for reaching a B1 or B2 level of fluency. While an A1 student only needs to know it as 'nose', an advanced learner recognizes the shift from the physical to the emotional. Iran is often jokingly called the 'nose job capital of the world', so the word دماغ appears frequently in discussions about beauty standards, surgery, and social appearance. It is also used in many body-language descriptions. For instance, 'turning up one's nose' has a direct equivalent in Persian involving this word to describe arrogance.

چرا دماغت قرمز شده؟ سرما خوردی؟
(Why is your nose red? Do you have a cold?)

Linguistic Evolution: The transition from 'brain' to 'nose' is thought to have occurred because of the anatomical proximity and the ancient belief that the nose was the gateway to the brain's cooling system. In poetry by Rumi or Hafez, when they mention 'damāgh', they almost always mean the mind or the spirit.

Furthermore, the word is used in various derogatory and humorous ways. 'Damāgh-gondeh' (big-nosed) is a common playful or mean insult. Because Iranians are very conscious of facial aesthetics, the word 'damāgh' carries more weight in social discourse than the word 'nose' might in English. It is a focal point of identity, beauty, and health. When someone says 'Damāghet chāgh bāshe' (May your nose be fat), they are actually wishing you health and prosperity, as a 'fat nose' was historically a sign of being well-fed and healthy.

بعد از عمل، دماغش خیلی سربالا شده.
(After the surgery, her nose has become very upturned.)

دیشب تا صبح دماغم کیپ بود.
(My nose was congested all night until morning.)

Register and Tone: While 'damāgh' is colloquial, it is not 'slang'. It is perfectly acceptable in most social situations. However, in scientific or literary contexts, it sounds out of place. For instance, a news report about a facial injury would likely use 'bini'.

Using the word دماغ correctly requires an understanding of its role as a noun and its participation in various verbal constructions. In its simplest form, it functions just like any other body part. You can possess it, describe its color, or mention its size. However, the true complexity arises when you combine it with verbs like کشیدن (to pull), گرفتن (to take/get), or سوختن (to burn).

او همیشه دماغش را بالا می‌گیرد.
(He always holds his nose high—implying he is arrogant.)

When describing physical ailments, 'damāgh' is the subject of the sentence. For example, 'damāgham migireh' means 'my nose is getting stuffed'. Note the use of the singular form even when referring to something that might feel bilateral. Unlike English, where we might say 'my nostrils are blocked', Persian speakers almost exclusively refer to the 'nose' as a single unit in these contexts.

Possessive Endings: Since 'damāgh' ends in a consonant (gh), the possessive suffixes are straightforward: دماغم (my nose), دماغت (your nose), دماغش (his/her nose). In spoken Persian, the 'gh' sound is often softened.

بچه دستش را کرد توی دماغش.
(The child put his hand/finger in his nose.)

In more complex sentences, 'damāgh' can act as the target of an action. 'Damāgh-e kasi rā sukhtan' (to burn someone's nose) is a common idiom meaning to disappoint or humiliate someone, often by doing better than them or proving them wrong. You will also hear it in the context of 'fuzuli' (nosiness). A 'nosy' person is someone who 'puts their nose into everything' (دماغش را در هر کاری وارد می‌کند).

از وقتی شکست خورده، دماغش سوخته.
(Since he failed, he's been humiliated/disappointed.)

In descriptive writing, you might use adjectives after 'damāgh' using the Ezafe construction. دماغِ کوفته‌ای (damāgh-e kūfte-ī) refers to a 'fleshy' or 'button' nose, while دماغِ عقابی (damāgh-e oghābī) refers to an 'aquiline' or 'hooked' nose. These descriptors are very common in Persian novels and daily gossip. Understanding these allows you to visualize characters more vividly.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. عمل کردن (to operate/get surgery) - دماغش را عمل کرده.
2. پاک کردن (to clean/wipe) - دماغت را پاک کن.
3. بالا کشیدن (to sniffle) - دماغش را بالا می‌کشد.

توی این هوای سرد، دماغم یخ کرده.
(In this cold weather, my nose has frozen.)

The word دماغ is ubiquitous in Iranian society, appearing in settings ranging from the family dinner table to the bustling streets of Tehran. One of the most common places you will hear it is in the context of health and wellness. When a child is sick, a mother will constantly ask, 'Damāghet gerefteh?' (Is your nose blocked?). In pharmacies, customers might ask for 'ghatrey-e damāgh' (nose drops), although the pharmacist might reply using the word 'bini'.

دکتر گفت دماغم انحراف دارد.
(The doctor said my nose has a deviated septum.)

Another major context is the beauty industry. Iran has one of the highest rates of rhinoplasty in the world. Consequently, you will hear people discussing 'amal-e damāgh' (nose surgery) in cafes, salons, and gyms. Friends will critique each other's results or discuss which surgeon is the best at creating a 'natural' vs. 'doll-like' (arousaki) nose. This usage is strictly colloquial; a surgical clinic's brochure will say 'jarrahi-ye bini', but the patients in the waiting room will say 'amal-e damāgh'.

Social Settings: In social gatherings, 'damāgh' is used in the polite greeting 'Damāghet chāgh bāshe'. While it sounds strange to a literal ear, it's a way of saying 'I hope you are healthy and full of life'. You might hear this from an older relative after you've recovered from an illness.

سلام! چطوری؟ دماغت چاقه؟
(Hello! How are you? Are you healthy/well?)

In school settings, children are often told 'Damāghat-o nakan!' (Don't pick your nose!). The word is used very directly with children, whereas 'bini' would sound too adult or clinical. You'll also hear it in sports, especially combat sports like wrestling (Iran's national sport). A wrestler might complain that his 'damāgh' was hit or broken during a match.

آنقدر دماغش را بالا می‌گیرد که انگار از همه بهتر است.
(He holds his nose so high as if he's better than everyone.)

Finally, you will hear it in metaphors about failure. When a plan fails spectacularly, someone might say 'Damāghash sukht' (His nose burned), meaning he was left empty-handed or embarrassed. This is very common in political commentary or sports rivalry talk. If the national team loses, fans might say the 'damāgh' of the coach was burned.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning Persian is overusing the formal word بینی (bini) in casual conversation. While 'bini' is correct, using it with friends is like saying 'I have a nasal congestion' instead of 'My nose is stuffed'. It sounds unnatural. Always opt for دماغ in spoken, informal Persian.

Register Mismatch: Mistake: Using 'damāgh' in a medical report or a formal speech. Correct: Use 'bini' in these contexts. 'Damāgh' can sound slightly 'low-class' or too blunt in a professional setting.

Wrong: جراح دماغ (Jarrāh-e damāgh)
Right: جراح بینی (Jarrāh-e bini)
(While people say 'amal-e damāgh', the professional title is always 'jarrāh-e bini'.)

Another mistake is literal translation of idioms. In English, we say 'Don't stick your nose into my business.' While Persian has a similar concept, the phrasing is different. If you say 'دماغت را توی کار من نکن' (Damāghet-o tū-ye kār-e man nakon), it's understandable but slightly off. The more common way to express nosiness involves the word 'fuzuli' or 'head' (sar).

A subtle mistake occurs with the idiom دماغ چاق بودن. Beginners often think this is an insult about someone's weight or nose size. If you get offended when someone asks 'Damāghet chāghe?', you've made a cultural mistake! They are being very kind and asking about your health.

Pluralization: Mistake: Saying 'damāgh-hā' when referring to a group of people's noses in a general sense. In Persian, body parts that come in ones are usually kept singular even for multiple people. 'Noses were red' -> 'Damāgh-shān ghermez būd'.

Incorrect: همه‌ی بچه‌ها دماغ‌هایشان را پاک کردند.
Correct: همه‌ی بچه‌ها دماغشان را پاک کردند.
(Collective singular is preferred for body parts.)

Finally, confusing 'damāgh' with 'damā' (temperature). They sound somewhat similar to a beginner's ear. 'Damā' is temperature; 'Damāgh' is nose. Telling someone 'Damāgh-e havā garm ast' (The nose of the weather is warm) will result in a lot of laughter!

To truly master the semantic field of 'nose' in Persian, you need to know the alternatives and how they differ from دماغ. The most important alternative is بینی (bini). While 'damāgh' is the king of the street, 'bini' is the king of the book and the clinic.

بینی (Bini): This is the formal, polite, and medical term. It is used in literature, news, and by doctors. It never carries the 'mood/brain' connotation that 'damāgh' does. It is purely anatomical.
مشام (Mashām): This refers to the 'sense of smell' or the 'olfactory system'. You don't clean your 'mashām', but a beautiful scent 'reaches your mashām' (be mashām rasidan). It's a very poetic and high-level word.

بوی گل به مشامم رسید.
(The scent of the flower reached my sense of smell.)

Then there are descriptive terms for the parts of the nose. پره‌های بینی (pare-hā-ye bini) refers to the nostrils/alae. تیغه‌ی بینی (tighe-ye bini) refers to the nasal bridge or septum. In these anatomical descriptions, even in casual speech, you might switch to 'bini' because 'damāgh' sounds too clumsy for detailed anatomy.

او دماغِ کوچکی دارد.
(He/She has a small nose.)

In terms of 'mood' synonyms for 'damāgh', you have حوصله (hoseleh) and حال (hāl). If you say 'Damāgh nadāram', it is almost synonymous with 'Hoseleh nadāram' (I don't have patience/mood) or 'Hālam khūb nist' (I'm not feeling well). However, 'damāgh' specifically implies a lack of mental energy or enthusiasm.

Comparison Table

دماغ: Colloquial, anatomical + mood, used 90% in speech.
بینی: Formal, clinical, anatomical only, used in writing.
نُک: Refers specifically to the 'tip' (of the nose or anything). نکِ دماغ.

Knowing when to use 'noke damāgh' (tip of the nose) versus 'tighe-ye damāgh' (bridge of the nose) will make your Persian sound much more authentic. Also, remember that 'damāgh' is used in the word for 'handkerchief' in some dialects or older contexts (dastmāl-e damāgh), though 'dastmāl-kāghazi' (tissue) is now the standard.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The shift from 'brain' to 'nose' happened because ancient Persians believed the nose was the outlet for the brain's excess fluids (phlegm).

发音指南

UK /dæˈmɒːɣ/

US /dæˈmɑːɡ/

The stress is on the second syllable: da-MĀGH.

押韵词

چراغ (cherāgh - lamp) باغ (bāgh - garden) داغ (dāgh - hot) کلاغ (kalāgh - crow) الاغ (olāgh - donkey) فراغ (farāgh - leisure) دماغ (damāgh - nose) اتاق (otāgh - room - in some dialects)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'gh' as a simple 'G'.
Making the 'a' sound like 'uh' (it should be 'ae').
Missing the vowel length in 'ā'.
Confusing it with 'damā' (temperature).
Over-aspirating the 'd'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize, but watch for the 'mood' meaning in literature.

写作 3/5

The 'gh' (غ) can be confused with 'q' (ق).

口语 4/5

The 'gh' sound is difficult for many English speakers to master.

听力 2/5

Clear sound, but watch for colloquial contractions.

接下来学什么

前置知识

صورت (face) چشم (eye) بزرگ (big) قرمز (red) داشتن (to have)

接下来学习

بینی (nose - formal) بو (scent) نفس (breath) عمل (surgery) اخلاق (temperament)

高级

مشام (olfaction) انحراف (deviation) تکبر (arrogance) مزاج (temperament)

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe for descriptors

دماغِ بزرگ (damāgh-e bozorg)

Possessive suffixes

دماغم، دماغت، دماغش

Compound Adjectives

دماغ‌بالا (Arrogant)

Negative 'Dāshtan' for mood

دماغ ندارم (I'm not in the mood)

Collective Singular

دماغشان (Their nose - used for a group)

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按水平分级的例句

این دماغ من است.

This is my nose.

Simple demonstrative sentence with 'in' (this).

دماغ او بزرگ است.

His/Her nose is big.

Adjective 'bozorg' (big) follows the noun.

دماغم قرمز شده.

My nose has become red.

Past participle 'shodeh' (has become).

دماغت را پاک کن.

Clean your nose.

Imperative form of 'pāk kardan' (to clean).

او دماغ کوچکی دارد.

She has a small nose.

Indefinite 'i' attached to 'kūchak' (small).

دماغم درد می‌کند.

My nose hurts.

Present continuous 'dard mikonad' (is hurting).

دستت را در دماغت نکن.

Don't put your hand in your nose.

Negative imperative.

دماغ فیل خیلی دراز است.

An elephant's nose is very long.

Ezafe construction linking 'damāgh' and 'fil'.

دماغم به خاطر سرماخوردگی گرفته است.

My nose is blocked because of a cold.

Using 'be khāter-e' (because of).

چرا دماغت را بالا می‌کشی؟

Why are you sniffling?

Compound verb 'bālā keshidan'.

دماغش را در آینه نگاه کرد.

He looked at his nose in the mirror.

Preposition 'dar' (in).

سلام، دماغت چاقه؟

Hi, are you well? (Literal: Is your nose fat?)

Common idiomatic greeting.

او می‌خواهد دماغش را عمل کند.

She wants to have nose surgery.

Future intent with 'mikhāhad'.

عینک روی دماغم نمی‌ایستد.

The glasses don't stay on my nose.

Verb 'istādan' used for 'to stay/fit'.

دماغم از سرما یخ زده است.

My nose is frozen from the cold.

Perfect tense 'yakh zade ast'.

یک دستمال برای دماغم می‌خواهم.

I want a tissue for my nose.

Preposition 'barāye' (for).

اصلاً دماغ ندارم که به مهمانی بیایم.

I'm not in the mood at all to come to the party.

Idiomatic use of 'damāgh' meaning mood.

دماغش را عمل کرده تا زیباتر شود.

She got a nose job to become more beautiful.

Subjunctive 'shavad' after 'tā'.

او همیشه دماغش را در کارهای دیگران وارد می‌کند.

He always sticks his nose into other people's business.

Idiomatic expression for nosiness.

با این حرف، دماغش را سوزاندی!

With that comment, you really humiliated/burned him!

Idiom 'damāgh sukhtan'.

دماغ عقابی به صورت او خیلی می‌آید.

An aquiline nose really suits his face.

Verb 'āmadan' meaning 'to suit/fit'.

او خیلی دماغ‌بالا است و با کسی حرف نمی‌زند.

He is very arrogant and doesn't talk to anyone.

Compound adjective 'damāgh-bālā' (stuck-up).

بعد از تصادف، تیغه‌ی دماغش آسیب دید.

After the accident, his nasal bridge was injured.

Specific anatomical term 'tighe-ye damāgh'.

دماغم به بوی عطر حساسیت دارد.

My nose is sensitive to the smell of perfume.

Noun 'hassāsiyat' (sensitivity/allergy).

دولت باید دماغ این مفسدان را به خاک بمالد.

The government must rub the noses of these corrupt people in the dirt.

Strong idiom for total defeat.

او چنان بی‌دماغ بود که حتی جواب سلامم را نداد.

He was so out of sorts/moody that he didn't even return my greeting.

Adjective 'bi-damāgh' (moodless/grumpy).

جراحی دماغ در ایران به یک پدیده‌ی اجتماعی تبدیل شده است.

Nose surgery has become a social phenomenon in Iran.

Complex sentence with 'tabdil shodan'.

او با تکبر دماغش را بالا گرفت و از اتاق بیرون رفت.

He haughtily held his nose high and left the room.

Adverbial phrase 'bā takabbor' (with arrogance).

این بوی تند مستقیم به دماغ آدم می‌زند.

This sharp smell hits one's nose directly.

Verb 'zadan' used for sensory impact.

دماغش را که بگیری، جانش در می‌آید.

If you hold his nose, his life will come out (meaning he is very weak).

Proverbial expression for extreme weakness.

او بعد از عمل دماغ، اعتماد به نفس بیشتری پیدا کرده است.

After the nose job, she has gained more self-confidence.

Noun phrase 'etemād be nafs' (self-confidence).

هر چه می‌گویم، انگار به دماغش برمی‌خورد.

Whatever I say, it's as if he takes offense.

Idiom 'be damāgh-e kasi bar-khordan' (to take offense).

در اشعار کلاسیک، دماغ غالباً به معنای قوهٔ تعقل و تفکر است.

In classical poems, 'damāgh' often means the faculty of reasoning and thought.

Academic register.

بوی بهبود ز اوضاع جهان می‌شنوم / مانده‌ام تا به دماغ تو چه بو می‌رسد.

I smell improvement in world affairs; I wonder what scent reaches your mind/nose.

Quote from Hafez; 'damāgh' here means perception/mind.

حکیمان باستان معتقد بودند که دماغ محل استقرار روح است.

Ancient sages believed that the 'damāgh' (brain/mind) was the seat of the soul.

Historical/philosophical context.

او با دک و پز فراوان، سعی در پنهان کردن دماغ سوخته‌اش داشت.

With much pomp and show, he tried to hide his humiliation/failure.

Colloquial idiom 'dak o poz' paired with 'damāgh-sukhteh'.

عطر نان تازه به دماغش رسید و خاطرات کودکی‌اش زنده شد.

The scent of fresh bread reached his nose and his childhood memories were revived.

Evocative literary description.

این مسئله چنان پیچیده است که دماغ آدم را می‌سوزاند.

This issue is so complex that it burns one's brain (exhausts the mind).

Metaphorical use for mental exhaustion.

بی‌دماغی او ناشی از خستگی مفرط کار روزانه بود.

His lack of spirit/mood was due to the extreme fatigue of daily work.

Abstract noun 'bi-damāghi'.

او با یک حرکت متهورانه، دماغ رقیب را به خاک مالید.

With a daring move, he rubbed the rival's nose in the dirt (defeated him completely).

Formal literary use of a common idiom.

تحول معنایی واژهٔ دماغ از مغز به بینی، نمونه‌ای بارز از تطور زبان فارسی است.

The semantic evolution of the word 'damāgh' from brain to nose is a clear example of the development of the Persian language.

High-level linguistic analysis.

در متون طب سنتی، سوءمزاج دماغ عاملی برای بسیاری از بیماری‌ها شمرده می‌شد.

In traditional medical texts, the 'mal-temperament of the brain' (su-e-mazāj-e damāgh) was considered a cause for many diseases.

Technical archaic terminology.

او در نقد خود، چنان دماغ نویسنده را سوزاند که وی دیگر دست به قلم نبرد.

In his critique, he so thoroughly humiliated the author that the latter never picked up a pen again.

Hyperbolic use of idiom in a formal context.

سخن‌سنجان بر این باورند که ایهام در واژهٔ دماغ، به غنای شعر حافظ افزوده است.

Literary critics believe that the ambiguity in the word 'damāgh' has added to the richness of Hafez's poetry.

Literary criticism register.

وی با نگاهی فیلسوفانه، دماغ را دریچه‌ای به سوی ادراک ملکوتی می‌دانست.

With a philosophical gaze, he considered the 'damāgh' (mind/nose) a window toward celestial perception.

Mystical/Philosophical register.

پدیدهٔ «دماغ‌عمل‌کردگی» در ایران، فراتر از یک جراحی ساده، یک نشانهٔ فرهنگی است.

The phenomenon of 'having-a-done-nose' in Iran is more than a simple surgery; it is a cultural signifier.

Sociological terminology.

او با چنان بی‌دماغی به پرسش‌ها پاسخ می‌داد که گویی از حیات بیزار است.

He answered the questions with such a lack of spirit as if he were weary of life itself.

Deep psychological description.

رایحهٔ خوش آشنایی، دماغ جانش را تازه کرد.

The pleasant scent of acquaintance refreshed the 'nose' of his soul.

Highly poetic metaphor.

常见搭配

عمل دماغ

دماغ چاق

دماغ سوخته

گرفتگی دماغ

نک دماغ

تیغه دماغ

دماغ عقابی

دماغ سربالا

قطره دماغ

دماغ کوفته‌ای

常用短语

دماغت چاقه؟

— Are you healthy and well? A common friendly greeting.

سلام حسن جان، دماغت چاقه؟

دماغ کسی را سوزاندن

— To disappoint or humiliate someone, usually by outperforming them.

با این نمره، دماغ رقیبش را سوزاند.

دماغ کسی را به خاک مالیدن

— To defeat someone completely and humiliate them.

تیم ما دماغ حریف را به خاک مالید.

دماغ بالا گرفتن

— To act arrogantly or stuck-up.

از وقتی پولدار شده، دماغش را بالا می‌گیرد.

بی‌دماغ بودن

— To be in a bad mood or lacking energy.

امروز خیلی بی‌دماغ هستم.

دماغ کسی را گرفتن

— To silence someone or stop them from being annoying (literal or figurative).

دماغش را گرفت تا حرف نزند.

دماغ عمل کردن

— To undergo rhinoplasty.

نیمی از دختران کلاس دماغشان را عمل کرده‌اند.

دماغ به دماغ شدن

— To come face to face or be very close.

در راهرو با او دماغ به دماغ شدم.

دماغ پر کردن

— To snort something or to be very proud (archaic).

Used in old literature.

دماغ در آوردن

— To show off or become arrogant (slang).

ببین چه دماغی در آورده!

容易混淆的词

دماغ vs دما (Damā)

Means temperature. Often confused by beginners.

دماغ vs دوغ (Dūgh)

A yogurt drink. Sounds vaguely similar in fast speech.

دماغ vs دماغ (Damāgh - brain)

Confusing in classical texts where it doesn't mean nose.

习语与表达

"دماغ فیل"

— Referring to someone who thinks they are very special (dropped from an elephant's nose).

انگار از دماغ فیل افتاده!

Informal

"دماغ سوخته"

— To be left disappointed or to have one's bluff called.

دماغش سوخت چون نقشه‌اش لو رفت.

Informal

"دماغ چاق بودن"

— To be in good health and spirits.

خدا را شکر که دماغت چاق است.

Friendly

"بی‌دماغ"

— Lacking patience, mood, or enthusiasm.

او آدم بی‌دماغی است.

Neutral

"دماغ بالا"

— Arrogant; proud.

دختر دماغ‌بالایی است.

Informal

"دماغ به خاک مالیدن"

— To humiliate a powerful enemy.

دشمن را به خاک مالیدیم.

Formal/Rhetorical

"دماغش را بگیری جانش در می‌آید"

— He is extremely weak or frail.

بیچاره خیلی ضعیف است، دماغش را بگیری...

Informal

"دماغ در هر کاری کردن"

— To meddle in everything.

همه جا دماغش را وارد می‌کند.

Informal

"دماغش چاق شد"

— He got what he wanted and is now happy/prosperous.

بعد از معامله، دماغش چاق شد.

Informal

"دماغ پرباد"

— Full of pride; arrogant.

با دماغ پرباد وارد مجلس شد.

Literary

容易混淆

دماغ vs بینی

Both mean nose.

Bini is formal/medical; Damāgh is colloquial/mood-related.

دکتر بینی‌ام را معاینه کرد (Formal) vs دماغم گرفته (Casual).

دماغ vs حوصله

Both used for 'mood'.

Hoseleh is general patience/mood; Damāgh is more about spirit/enthusiasm.

حوصله ندارم (I don't have patience) vs دماغ ندارam (I'm not in the spirit).

دماغ vs مغز

Historical meaning of damāgh.

Maghz is the modern word for the physical brain; Damāgh is nose.

مغز انسان (Human brain) vs دماغ انسان (Human nose).

دماغ vs نفس

Related to nose function.

Nafas is the breath itself; Damāgh is the organ.

نفسم گرفت (I lost my breath) vs دماغم گرفت (My nose is stuffed).

دماغ vs بو

Related to nose function.

Bū is the smell; Damāgh is the organ.

بوی خوبی می‌آید (A good smell is coming).

句型

این [اسم] من است.

این دماغ من است.

[اسم] من [صفت] است.

دماغ من قرمز است.

من دماغِ [فعل] ندارم.

من دماغِ حرف زدن ندارم.

[شخص] دماغش را [فعل].

مریم دماغش را عمل کرد.

انگار از [اسم] افتاده است.

انگار از دماغ فیل افتاده است.

دماغ [شخص] را سوزاندن.

دماغِ او را سوزاندم.

بوی [اسم] به دماغ رسیدن.

بوی عطر به دماغم رسید.

دماغ جان را [فعل].

دماغ جان را تازه کرد.

词族

名词

دماغ (nose)

بی‌دماغی (moodiness)

دماغ‌سوختگی (humiliation)

动词

دماغ عمل کردن (to get a nose job)

دماغ سوختن (to be humiliated)

形容词

دماغ‌بالا (arrogant)

بی‌دماغ (moodless)

دماغ‌گنده (big-nosed)

如何使用

frequency

Extremely high in daily spoken Persian.

常见错误

Using 'bini' with friends. → Using 'damāgh'.
'Bini' sounds too clinical and cold in a friendly setting.
Thinking 'Damāghet chāghe' is about weight. → Understanding it as 'How are you?'.
It's a health-related greeting, not a comment on physical fatness.
Pronouncing 'gh' as 'G'. → Using the uvular fricative.
A hard 'G' makes the word sound foreign and incorrect.
Confusing 'damāgh' with 'damā'. → Damāgh = nose, Damā = temperature.
The 'gh' at the end is crucial for meaning.
Using 'damāgh' for 'brain' in modern speech. → Using 'maghz'.
The 'brain' meaning is now only found in idioms or old poetry.

小贴士

Greeting Nuance

When someone asks 'Damāghet chāghe?', just say 'Mersi' or 'Mamnun'. Don't talk about your actual nose!

Singular vs Plural

Even if you are talking about ten people, you can say 'damāgh-eshūn' (their nose) instead of 'damāgh-hā-yashān'.

The GH sound

The 'gh' in damāgh is voiced. If you whisper it, it becomes 'kh' (like in Bach). Keep your vocal cords vibrating.

Formal Equivalent

Always keep 'bini' in your back pocket for formal writing or medical visits.

Elephant's Nose

If someone is very arrogant, say 'Angār az damāgh-e fil oftāde' (As if they fell out of an elephant's nose).

Mood vs Nose

If someone says 'Damāgh nadāram', don't look at their face to see if their nose is missing! They are just sad.

Gh vs Q

Remember: دماغ uses 'غ' (gheyn), not 'ق' (ghāf), though they sound identical in modern Tehrani Persian.

Describing People

Use 'damāgh-e noghli' (tiny nose) as a compliment for someone with a small, cute nose.

Pharmacy Talk

Ask for 'ghatre-ye bini' if you want to sound educated, but 'ghatre-ye damāgh' is what most people say.

The Brain Connection

Remember the history of the word to understand why it's used for 'mood' today.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'Dam' (like a water dam) blocking your 'Nose' (gh sound like a clearing of the throat). Dam-gh.

视觉联想

Visualize a giant nose with a brain inside it to remember the historical and modern meanings.

Word Web

Nose Brain Mood Surgery Smell Arrogance Cold Tissue

挑战

Try to use 'damāgh' in a sentence about your mood today without mentioning your actual nose.

词源

Derived from Middle Persian 'damāg', which meant brain or mind. It has cognates in other Indo-Iranian languages.

原始含义： Brain / Encephalon.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

Be careful when commenting on someone's 'damāgh' in Iran; it's a sensitive topic due to the prevalence of surgery.

English speakers use 'nose' for curiosity ('nosy'), while Persians use 'damāgh' for both curiosity and mood.

Hafez's poetry Iranian cinema (e.g., 'The Salesman') Modern Persian pop songs

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the Doctor

دماغم گرفته
آبریزش دماغ دارم
دماغم درد می‌کند
تیغه دماغم

Greeting a Friend

دماغت چاقه؟
چطوری؟ دماغت چاقه؟
خوبی؟ دماغت چاق؟
دماغ چاقی؟

Discussing Beauty

دماغش را عمل کرده
دماغ عقابی
دماغ نقلی
جراح دماغ

Describing Arrogance

دماغ‌بالا
دماغش را بالا می‌گیرد
از دماغ فیل افتاده
دماغ پرباد

Expressing Mood

بی‌دماغ هستم
دماغ ندارم
حال و دماغ
بی‌دماغی

对话开场白

"شنیدم دماغت را عمل کردی، راضی هستی؟ (I heard you got a nose job, are you satisfied?)"

"چرا امروز اینقدر بی‌دماغی؟ چیزی شده؟ (Why are you so out of sorts today? Did something happen?)"

"به نظرت دماغ عقابی جذاب‌تر است یا سربالا؟ (Do you think a hooked nose is more attractive or an upturned one?)"

"دماغم خیلی گرفته، دارو چی پیشنهاد می‌کنی؟ (My nose is very stuffed, what medicine do you suggest?)"

"سلام! دماغت چاقه؟ خانواده چطورند؟ (Hello! Are you well? How is the family?)"

日记主题

امروز اصلاً دماغ نداشتم که کار کنم چون... (Today I wasn't in the mood to work because...)

در مورد استانداردهای زیبایی و عمل دماغ در ایران بنویسید. (Write about beauty standards and nose jobs in Iran.)

اولین باری که اصطلاح «دماغت چاقه» را شنیدید چه حسی داشتید؟ (How did you feel the first time you heard the phrase 'Is your nose fat'?)

تفاوت بین «دماغ» و «بینی» را با مثال توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between 'damāgh' and 'bini' with examples.)

یک داستان کوتاه در مورد کسی که دماغش سوخت بنویسید. (Write a short story about someone whose 'nose was burned'/was humiliated.)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is the standard word for nose in daily life. However, it is informal. In a professional medical setting, 'bini' is preferred.

It's an old idiom ('Damāghet chāghe?') meaning 'Are you healthy?'. Historically, health was associated with being well-fed.

Yes, but for many animals, 'pūzeh' (snout) is more specific. For an elephant's trunk, 'khortūm' is used, though 'damāgh' is understood.

It's the colloquial term for rhinoplasty (nose surgery), which is extremely popular in Iran.

You can say 'fuzūl' (nosy person) or use the idiom 'damāghash rā dar har kāri وارد می‌کند'.

In modern Persian, yes. In classical poetry, it usually means brain, mind, or mood.

It describes someone who is in a bad mood, grumpy, or lacking energy.

Rarely. Only if someone is trying to be very posh or if they are a doctor explaining a procedure.

دماغ‌ها (damāgh-hā). In speech, it often sounds like 'damāgh-ā'.

It literally means 'burned nose', but idiomatically it means being humiliated or failing in a clever plan.

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