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B1 adjective 6分钟阅读

فراخ

Q: How do I say 'more spacious'?

Use 'farakh-tar' (فراختر).

开始练习例句笔记与提示 فراخ 30秒了解

解析 فراخ in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'فراخ' (farakh) often. Instead, you usually learn 'بزرگ' (bozorg) for 'big'. However, it's good to know that 'farakh' means 'wide' or 'spacious'. Imagine a big room with lots of space to play; that is 'farakh'. It is an adjective, so it describes things. For example, 'اتاق فراخ' (otāq-e farākh) means 'spacious room'. Just remember that in Persian, the describing word comes after the object. At this level, just focus on recognizing the word when you see it in a picture book or hear it in a simple story. It is like the English word 'wide'. If you see a very wide road, you can think of this word. It's a special word that makes your Persian sound more interesting than just using 'big' all the time.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to describe things in more detail. 'فراخ' (farakh) is a great word to add to your vocabulary for describing places. You might use it to talk about a park or a large hall. While you might still use 'بزرگ' (big) or 'پهن' (wide), 'farakh' gives a sense of 'plenty of room'. You can use it in simple sentences like 'این حیاط فراخ است' (This yard is spacious). You should also notice that 'farakh' is often used for things that are naturally large, like a field or the sky. It's a step up from basic adjectives and helps you sound more like a native speaker who is describing a comfortable, open space. Try to use it when you want to emphasize that a place isn't just big, but it feels open and not crowded.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'فراخ' (farakh) in both physical and slightly more abstract contexts. You are now moving beyond simple descriptions. You can use 'farakh' to describe clothing that is loose (like traditional Persian trousers) or a 'wide' path in a metaphorical sense. You should also be aware of compound words like 'فراخ‌دستی' (generosity). In your writing, 'farakh' can replace more common words like 'وسیع' to add variety. You are expected to understand that 'farakh' carries a slightly more formal or literary tone. If you are describing a scene in a story, using 'farakh' instead of 'bozorg' shows you have a better grasp of Persian nuances. It suggests a sense of majesty or abundance that 'bozorg' lacks.

At the B2 level, you should understand the stylistic choices behind using 'فراخ' (farakh). You will encounter it in classical poetry and more formal prose. You should be comfortable using it to describe not just physical space, but also concepts like 'sustenance' (rozi-ye farakh) or 'patience' (howsele-ye farakh). You should be able to distinguish between 'farakh' and its synonyms like 'ariz' (technical width) or 'goshād' (baggy clothing). At this level, you can use 'farakh' to create a specific atmosphere in your speech or writing—one that is elevated and perhaps a bit more traditional. You should also be able to understand its use in historical contexts, such as describing the 'farakh' empires of the past. Your use of the word should feel natural and appropriately timed for formal or descriptive settings.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to have a deep appreciation for the etymological and literary weight of 'فراخ' (farakh). You should be able to analyze its use in the Shahnameh or the works of Saadi, where it often symbolizes more than just physical space—it can represent the vastness of the human spirit or the openness of a era. You should use 'farakh' and its derivatives (like 'فراخی' - expansiveness) with precision. You can use it in academic discussions about urban planning (farakhi-ye shahr) or in philosophical debates about the 'wide' reach of an idea. Your mastery should include knowing when *not* to use it to avoid sounding archaic in a modern, casual setting. You understand the subtle difference between 'farakh' and 'monbasit' (expanded) and can choose the one that fits the specific rhetorical need of your discourse.

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At the C2 level, 'فراخ' (farakh) is a tool for poetic and highly sophisticated expression. You use it to evoke specific cultural and historical imagery. You are familiar with its rarest compound forms and its evolution from Middle Persian. You can use it to discuss the 'farakh-nā-ye hasti' (the vast expanse of existence) in a philosophical treatise. Your understanding is so nuanced that you can play with the word's connotations in creative writing, perhaps using it ironically or to create a sense of nostalgia. You can effortlessly switch between 'farakh' in a formal speech and more colloquial terms in everyday life, showing a complete command of the Persian register. For you, 'farakh' is not just a word for 'wide'; it is a vessel for centuries of Persian thought on space, abundance, and the human condition.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

فراخ 30秒了解

Farakh means spacious or wide, used for physical areas like rooms and plains.
It is a formal/literary word, appearing often in poetry and classical texts.
Metaphorically, it describes abundance, generosity, and a broad, patient mind.
It differs from 'goshād' (baggy) by implying grandeur rather than just poor fit.

The Persian word فراخ (pronounced 'farakh') is a sophisticated adjective primarily used to describe physical or metaphorical expansiveness. At its core, it translates to 'spacious', 'wide', or 'ample'. While a beginner might use the common word بزرگ (bozorg - big) for everything, an intermediate learner (B1) uses فراخ to convey a specific sense of breadth and openness that transcends simple size. It evokes the feeling of a vast plain, a wide garment, or even a generous heart. In modern conversational Persian, you might encounter it less frequently than its synonyms like جا‌دار (jādār), but it remains a cornerstone of literary, formal, and poetic Persian.

Physical Space: Used to describe rooms, plains, or roads that have plenty of room to move. It suggests a lack of restriction.
Clothing and Textiles: Refers to garments that are loose-fitting or oversized. Often used in historical contexts or when describing traditional attire.
Metaphorical Abundance: Describes abstract concepts like 'sustenance' (روزی فراخ) or 'time', implying that there is more than enough to go around.

دشت فراخ پیش روی ما گسترده بود.
(The wide plain was spread out before us.)

Historically, this word has deep roots in Middle Persian. When you use فراخ, you are tapping into a vocabulary used by epic poets like Ferdowsi. In the Shahnameh, battlefields are often described as 'farakh' to emphasize the scale of the conflict. In a modern context, you might see it in architectural descriptions or formal news reports regarding land development. It is a word that commands respect and suggests a level of education in the speaker. Understanding this word helps you transition from basic communication to nuanced expression.

او با خیالی فراخ به آینده می‌نگریست.
(He looked to the future with a relaxed/broad mind.)

Using فراخ correctly requires understanding its placement as an adjective. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'ezafe' (the short -e sound). For example, 'spacious room' becomes otāq-e farākh (اتاقِ فراخ). However, in poetic or emphatic structures, the order can shift. It is also frequently used in compound adjectives, which are very common in Persian literature and formal speech.

Attributive Usage: Standard placement after the noun: 'جامه‌ی فراخ' (jāme-ye farākh) - wide/loose garment.
Predicative Usage: Used after a linking verb: 'این میدان بسیار فراخ است' (In meydān besyār farākh ast) - This square is very spacious.

آن‌ها در جستجوی سرزمینی فراخ برای زندگی بودند.
(They were in search of a spacious land to live in.)

One of the most beautiful ways to use فراخ is in its compound forms. For instance, فراخ‌دستی (farākh-dasti) literally means 'wide-handedness' but translates to 'generosity'. Another common one is فراخ‌روزی (farākh-ruzi), meaning having an abundant livelihood. When describing someone's character, فراخ‌حوصله (farākh-howsele) describes someone with great patience or a 'wide' tolerance. These compounds show how the concept of 'width' is mapped onto human virtues in Persian culture.

آستین‌های فراخ لباسش در باد تکان می‌خورد.
(The wide sleeves of his clothes were fluttering in the wind.)

While you might not hear فراخ in a casual conversation at a Tehran coffee shop about a small apartment, it is ubiquitous in other domains. If you enjoy Persian classical music (Radif) or read the lyrics of contemporary traditional singers like Homayoun Shajarian, you will encounter this word frequently. It sets a mood of grandeur and timelessness. In documentaries about Iran's diverse geography—from the deserts of Lut to the plains of Gorgan—narrators use فراخ to paint a picture of the landscape's majesty.

Literature and Poetry: In the works of Rumi or Hafez, 'farakh' is used to describe the soul's expansion or the vastness of divine mercy.
News and Geography: Formal reports on environmental issues or territorial descriptions often use 'farakh' to denote large areas.

شاعر از کوی فراخ آزادی سخن می‌گفت.
(The poet spoke of the wide lane of freedom.)

Another place you will find this word is in academic writing, particularly in history or sociology, when discussing the 'expansion' of empires or the 'broad' reach of cultural influence. It functions as a more formal alternative to پهن (pahn). Interestingly, in some regional dialects of Iran, particularly in the east, 'farakh' might still be used more colloquially than in the capital. Understanding where it fits helps you gauge the 'register' of the Persian you are consuming.

The most common mistake for English speakers learning Persian is using فراخ when they should use گشاد (goshād) or vice versa. While both can mean 'wide' or 'loose', گشاد is the standard word for clothing that is too big. If you say your shoes are 'farakh', it sounds poetic but odd; if you say they are 'goshād', everyone understands they don't fit. Another mistake is confusing it with فراغ (farāgh), which sounds similar but means 'leisure' or 'freedom from work'.

Farakh vs. Goshād: Use 'farakh' for grand spaces or formal descriptions. Use 'goshād' for clothes, shoes, or things that are loose/baggy.
Spelling Errors: Do not confuse the 'kh' (خ) in 'farakh' with the 'gh' (غ) in 'farāgh'. They change the meaning entirely.

اشتباه: این کفش‌ها برای من فراخ هستند.
(Mistake: These shoes are 'farakh' for me. Correct: گشاد/goshād)

Furthermore, learners often over-apply فراخ to small objects. You wouldn't call a wide book 'farakh'; you would use عریض (ariz) or پهن (pahn). فراخ implies a scale of grandeur. It's like the difference between 'wide' and 'vast' in English. You wouldn't say a 'vast pencil', you'd say a 'wide pencil'. Mastery of this word involves understanding the 'size' of the word itself—it is a 'big' word for 'big' things.

To truly master فراخ, you must see how it sits alongside its cousins. Persian is rich with synonyms for 'wide', each with its own flavor. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about a physical dimension, a feeling of openness, or a technical measurement. Below is a comparison of the most common alternatives.

وسیع (Vasi'): The most common formal word for 'vast' or 'extensive'. Often used for land or knowledge. More common than 'farakh' in modern prose.
پهن (Pahn): Focuses on the horizontal width. Used for roads, ribbons, or faces. It is more neutral and less poetic.
جادار (Jādār): Literally 'having place'. This is the go-to word for a spacious car, bag, or house in daily conversation.

او خانه‌ای وسیع و دلباز دارد.
(He has a vast and pleasant/open house.)

When you want to describe something as 'open' or 'airy', دلباز (delbāz) is a fantastic alternative. It literally means 'heart-opening'. If a room has many windows and feels spacious, Iranians will say it is 'delbāz'. فراخ, by contrast, feels more structural and ancient. In a technical sense, عریض (ariz) is used for 'breadth' in geometry or when specifying the width of a monitor or a street in a formal document.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root is related to the concept of 'forward' and 'growth', suggesting that which expands outward.

发音指南

UK /fæˈrɒːx/

US /fæˈrɑːx/

The stress is on the second syllable: fa-RAKH.

押韵词

کاخ (kākh - palace) شاخ (shākh - branch) سوراخ (surākh - hole) نفاخ (nafākh - flatulent) گستاخ (gostākh - rude) آخ (ākh - ouch) باخ (bākh - Bach) تراخ (tarākh - sound of breaking)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'kh' like a hard 'k'.
Pronouncing the 'f' too harshly.
Shortening the long 'a' sound.
Confusing it with 'farāgh' (leisure).
Missing the soft 'kh' aspiration.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize but requires context to distinguish from synonyms.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of ezafe and formal registers.

口语 4/5

The 'kh' sound and formal tone can be tricky for beginners.

听力 3/5

Clear pronunciation but can be confused with 'farāgh'.

接下来学什么

前置知识

بزرگ تنگ اتاق دشت لباس

接下来学习

وسیع عریض گستردگی منبسط دلباز

高级

فراخنای هستی سعه‌ی صدر بسط فسحت

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

اتاقِ فراخ (The spacious room)

Comparative Adjectives

فراخ‌تر (Wider/More spacious)

Superlative Adjectives

فراخ‌ترین (Widest/Most spacious)

Compound Adjectives

فراخ‌دستی (Generosity)

Adjective as Predicate

این صحرا فراخ است. (This desert is wide.)

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按水平分级的例句

این اتاق فراخ است.

This room is spacious.

Simple subject + adjective + verb.

او یک باغ فراخ دارد.

He has a spacious garden.

Adjective follows the noun with ezafe.

راه فراخ بود.

The path was wide.

Past tense of 'to be'.

خانه ما فراخ نیست.

Our house is not spacious.

Negative form of 'ast' (nist).

دشت فراخ و زیباست.

The plain is wide and beautiful.

Two adjectives connected by 'va'.

من یک لباس فراخ می‌خواهم.

I want a loose/wide dress.

Direct object with 'ra' (implied).

کجا یک جای فراخ هست؟

Where is a spacious place?

Question word 'koja'.

این میز خیلی فراخ است.

This table is very wide.

Adverb 'kheyli' modifying the adjective.

ما در یک چادر فراخ خوابیدیم.

We slept in a spacious tent.

Prepositional phrase 'dar yek...'.

آسمان فراخ بالای سر ما بود.

The wide sky was above our heads.

Adjective describing a natural element.

او با گام‌های فراخ راه می‌رفت.

He was walking with wide steps.

Plural noun 'gām-hā'.

این شهر میدان‌های فراخی دارد.

This city has spacious squares.

Plural adjective ending in 'i'.

آستین لباس او خیلی فراخ بود.

The sleeve of her dress was very wide.

Possessive ezafe chain.

بچه‌ها در حیاط فراخ بازی می‌کنند.

The children are playing in the spacious yard.

Present continuous tense.

آیا این جاده برای ماشین فراخ است؟

Is this road wide enough for the car?

Interrogative sentence.

او یک سفره فراخ پهن کرد.

She spread a wide tablecloth.

Compound verb 'pahn kardan'.

نویسنده از دنیای فراخ خیال سخن می‌گوید.

The author speaks of the wide world of imagination.

Metaphorical use of 'farakh'.

او همیشه با فراخ‌دستی به دیگران کمک می‌کند.

He always helps others with generosity.

Compound noun 'farakh-dasti'.

در این تالار فراخ، صدا می‌پیچد.

In this spacious hall, the sound echoes.

Use of 'farakh' in a descriptive setting.

جامعه به افق‌های فراخ‌تری نیاز دارد.

Society needs wider horizons.

Comparative form 'farakh-tar'.

او زندگی فراخ و راحتی داشت.

He had an ample and comfortable life.

Abstract use for 'ample/abundant'.

دریای فراخ آرام به نظر می‌رسید.

The wide sea seemed calm.

Literary adjective for nature.

آن‌ها به دنبال روزیِ فراخ هستند.

They are seeking abundant sustenance.

Common phrase 'rozi-ye farakh'.

پیشانی فراخ او نشانه‌ی هوش بود.

His wide forehead was a sign of intelligence.

Describing physical features.

سیاستمدار وعده‌ی دوران فراخی را داد.

The politician promised an era of abundance.

Noun form 'farakhi'.

این دشت‌های فراخ قرن‌ها شاهد جنگ بوده‌اند.

These wide plains have witnessed wars for centuries.

Present perfect tense.

او با فراخ‌حوصلگی به انتقادات گوش داد.

He listened to the criticisms with great patience.

Compound adverbial phrase.

معماری این بنا بر فضاهای فراخ تاکید دارد.

The architecture of this building emphasizes spacious areas.

Plural 'fazā-hā'.

در ادبیات کلاسیک، جهان را سرایی فراخ می‌دانند.

In classical literature, the world is seen as a spacious abode.

Passive/General statement structure.

او جامه‌ای فراخ بر تن داشت که نشانه‌ی درویشی بود.

He wore a loose garment that was a sign of being a dervish.

Cultural context of clothing.

باید با دیدی فراخ به این مسئله نگریست.

One must look at this issue with a broad perspective.

Modal verb 'bāyad'.

فراخنای این بیابان پایان‌ناپذیر می‌نمود.

The vastness of this desert seemed endless.

Literary noun 'farakhnā'.

گستره‌ی فراخ دانش او همگان را شگفت‌زده کرد.

The wide expanse of his knowledge amazed everyone.

Formal ezafe construction.

او از تنگنای فقر به فراخنای ثروت رسید.

He went from the straits of poverty to the vastness of wealth.

Antonym contrast (tangnā vs farakhnā).

فراخ‌بالی در پرواز، آرزوی هر پرنده‌ای است.

Wide-winged ease in flight is the dream of every bird.

Poetic compound 'farakh-bāli'.

این نظریه، بستری فراخ برای پژوهش‌های بعدی فراهم کرد.

This theory provided a broad platform for future research.

Academic usage.

او با فراخ‌دستیِ تمام، اموالش را وقف کرد.

With complete generosity, he endowed his property.

Intensive usage of compound.

در این شعر، فراخنای زمان به تصویر کشیده شده است.

In this poem, the vastness of time is depicted.

Passive voice 'be tasvir keshide shode'.

او فراخ‌روزی بود و هرگز نگران فردا نمی‌شد.

He had abundant sustenance and never worried about tomorrow.

Compound adjective as a predicate.

فراخیِ میدان دید در این دوربین بی‌نظیر است.

The width of the field of view in this camera is unparalleled.

Technical/Formal noun usage.

در جهان‌بینی او، روح انسانی فراخنایی قدسی دارد.

In his worldview, the human soul has a sacred vastness.

Philosophical terminology.

فراخ‌کردن دایره‌ی نفوذ، هدف اصلی این امپراتوری بود.

Expanding the circle of influence was the main goal of this empire.

Infinitive as a subject.

او در فراخ‌نایِ بی‌انتهایِ اندیشه غرق شده بود.

He was drowned in the endless vastness of thought.

Highly literary/metaphorical.

این واژه در متون پهلوی به معنای گستردگی به کار می‌رفته است.

This word was used in Pahlavi texts to mean extensiveness.

Historical linguistic analysis.

فراخ‌دستیِ طبیعت در بهار، زمین را دگرگون می‌کند.

The generosity of nature in spring transforms the earth.

Personification of nature.

او با فراخ‌منشی، خطای دشمن را بخشید.

With magnanimity, he forgave the enemy's mistake.

Compound for character trait (magnanimity).

فراخیِ معیشت همواره با عدالت اجتماعی پیوند ندارد.

Abundance of livelihood is not always linked to social justice.

Sociological discourse.

شاعر از فراخ‌نایِ دل و تنگیِ وقت نالیده است.

The poet lamented the vastness of the heart and the shortness of time.

Classical poetic trope.

常见搭配

دشت فراخ

اتاق فراخ

روزیِ فراخ

آستین فراخ

پیشانی فراخ

میدان فراخ

فرصت فراخ

جای فراخ

آسمان فراخ

سفره فراخ

常用短语

فراخ‌دستی کردن

— To act generously or spend money freely.

او در بخشش فراخ‌دستی کرد.

خیال فراخ

— Peace of mind or a relaxed state of mind.

با خیالی فراخ استراحت کن.

فراخ‌روزی بودن

— Having an abundant and prosperous life.

خانواده‌ی آن‌ها همیشه فراخ‌روزی بودند.

دستِ فراخ

— Having the means or power to do something (often financial).

او با دست فراخ به بازار رفت.

عرصه‌ی فراخ

— A wide field or arena for activity.

عرصه‌ی فراخ هنر جای همه است.

فراخیِ معیشت

— Ease of living or financial comfort.

فراخی معیشت هدف دولت است.

گام‌های فراخ

— Long, confident strides.

او با گام‌های فراخ وارد شد.

دریای فراخ

— The vast sea.

کشتی در دریای فراخ گم شد.

چشمِ فراخ

— Sometimes used for 'greedy' but also 'wide-eyed'.

او با چشمی فراخ نگاه می‌کرد.

فراخ‌حوصله بودن

— To be very patient and tolerant.

معلم باید فراخ‌حوصله باشد.

容易混淆的词

فراخ vs فراغ

Means 'leisure' or 'relief'. Sounds similar but spelled with 'gh'.

فراخ vs فرخ

Means 'auspicious' or 'happy'. A common name, but has no 'a' sound after 'r'.

فراخ vs گشاد

Means 'loose' for clothes. 'Farakh' is more for space/grandeur.

习语与表达

"فراخ‌بال بودن"

— To be at ease, relaxed, or without worry.

او فراخ‌بال در پارک نشسته بود.

Literary

"فراخ‌دستی"

— Generosity and open-handedness.

فراخ‌دستی او زبانزد خاص و عام است.

Formal

"پای در کفش فراخ کردن"

— To take on a task beyond one's ability (rare).

او با این کار پای در کفش فراخ کرد.

Archaic

"فراخ‌روزی"

— Abundance of daily bread/sustenance.

دعا می‌کنم همیشه فراخ‌روزی باشی.

Formal/Religious

"فراخ‌نای هستی"

— The vast expanse of existence.

انسان در فراخنای هستی ناچیز است.

Poetic

"فراخ‌منشی"

— Magnanimity or high-mindedness.

فراخ‌منشی او باعث صلح شد.

Formal

"شکمِ فراخ"

— Gluttony (metaphorical).

از شکم فراخ او حذر کن.

Informal/Derogatory

"فراخ‌حوصلگی"

— Exceptional patience.

او با فراخ‌حوصلگی به درد دل من گوش داد.

Neutral

"فراخ‌کردن میدان"

— To give someone more room to act or influence.

دولت باید میدان را برای جوانان فراخ کند.

Political/Formal

"فراخ‌نشستن"

— To sit comfortably and without worry.

او فراخ‌نشسته و دستور می‌دهد.

Literary

容易混淆

فراخ vs وسیع

Both mean vast/wide.

Vasi' is more common in modern prose; Farakh is more poetic/archaic.

دنیای وسیع vs دشت فراخ

فراخ vs پهن

Both mean wide.

Pahn is used for physical horizontal width (roads); Farakh is for volume/space.

کوچه‌ی پهن vs تالار فراخ

فراخ vs آزاد

Both imply lack of restriction.

Āzād means 'free'; Farakh means 'spacious'.

مرد آزاد vs جای فراخ

فراخ vs بزرگ

General word for big.

Bozorg is general; Farakh is specifically about openness and space.

فیل بزرگ vs دشت فراخ

فراخ vs عریض

Technical word for wide.

Ariz is for measurements; Farakh is for the feeling of space.

خیابان عریض vs ایوان فراخ

句型

[Noun] [Adjective] ast.

این اتاق فراخ است.

[Noun]-e [Adjective]

حیاطِ فراخ

Ba [Compound Noun]

با فراخ‌دستی

[Noun] besyār [Adjective] ast.

این دشت بسیار فراخ است.

[Noun]-hā-ye [Adjective]

سرزمین‌هایِ فراخ

[Noun] dar [Noun-e farakh]

آهو در دشتِ فراخ

Farakhnā-ye [Abstract Noun]

فراخنایِ هستی

[Adjective]-bal

فراخ‌بال

词族

名词

فراخی (expansiveness)

فراخنا (vastness)

فراخ‌دستی (generosity)

فراخ‌روزی (abundance)

动词

فراخ کردن (to widen/expand)

فراخ شدن (to become wide)

形容词

فراخ (wide/spacious)

فراخ‌بال (at ease)

فراخ‌حوصله (patient)

如何使用

frequency

Medium (High in literature, Low in street slang)

常见错误

Using 'farakh' for small items. → Using 'pahn' or 'ariz'.
Farakh implies a grand scale of space.
Spelling it as فراغ (farāgh). → فراخ (farākh).
Farāgh means leisure; Farakh means spacious.
Using it for tight shoes. → Using 'goshād' (loose/wide).
Farakh sounds too poetic for shoes.
Forgetting the ezafe. → Noun-e farākh.
Adjectives in Persian need the ezafe link.
Pronouncing it 'farak'. → 'farakh' (with raspy kh).
The 'kh' sound is essential for correct meaning.

小贴士

The Far Expanse

Associate the 'Far' in Farakh with a 'Far' distance in a wide field.

Ezafe is Key

Always remember the ezafe: 'otāq-e farākh', not 'otāq farākh'.

Register Matters

Use it in essays or when describing beautiful nature to sound more advanced.

Learn Compounds

Learning 'farakh-dasti' helps you remember 'farakh' and 'dast' (hand) together.

The 'KH' Sound

Practice the Persian 'kh' (خ) so it doesn't sound like a 'k'.

Hospitality

Think of a 'farakh' table (sofreh) as a sign of Iranian hospitality.

Poetic Flair

Use it to describe the 'heart' (del) to show someone is kind and patient.

Farakh vs. Tang

Always learn an adjective with its opposite ('tang') to double your vocabulary.

Literature Search

Look for this word in poems by Rumi; he uses it to describe the spirit.

Confidence

Using 'farakh' correctly is a sign of a B1/B2 level speaker.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Far' + 'Rock'. A 'Far Rock' is in a very 'Farakh' (spacious) desert. You have to look far to see the next rock.

视觉联想

Imagine a giant, loose Persian robe (jāme) flapping in a vast, wide desert. Both the robe and the desert are 'farakh'.

Word Web

Space Wide Generous Loose Vast Abundant Open Grand

挑战

Try to describe your dream house using 'farakh' three times in different contexts (rooms, garden, views).

词源

Derived from Middle Persian 'frahāxw'.

原始含义： Broad, wide, or extensive.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a very positive and formal word.

The English word 'spacious' is the closest equivalent, but 'farakh' also covers 'loose' (for clothes) which 'spacious' does not.

Ferdowsi's Shahnameh (descriptions of battlefields) Saadi's Gulistan (discussions on generosity) Modern Iranian architecture journals

在生活中练习

真实语境

Real Estate

واحد فراخ
سالن فراخ
آشپزخانه‌ی فراخ
تراس فراخ

Geography

دشت‌های فراخ
دره‌های فراخ
کرانه‌های فراخ
مرزهای فراخ

Personal Character

دل فراخ
حوصله‌ی فراخ
نگاه فراخ
منش فراخ

Clothing

شلوار فراخ
پیراهن فراخ
آستین فراخ
عبای فراخ

Literature

عالم فراخ
ملک فراخ
راه فراخ
سفره‌ی فراخ

对话开场白

"آیا ترجیح می‌دهی در یک خانه‌ی کوچک باشی یا یک خانه‌ی فراخ؟"

"کدام شهر ایران میدان‌های فراخ‌تری دارد؟"

"چرا در قدیم لباس‌های فراخ می‌پوشیدند؟"

"آیا داشتن یک حیاط فراخ برای تو مهم است؟"

"چگونه می‌توانیم با فراخ‌دستی به جامعه کمک کنیم؟"

日记主题

درباره‌ی مکانی فراخ که در آن احساس آرامش کردی بنویس.

تفاوت بین یک اتاق بزرگ و یک اتاق فراخ از نظر تو چیست؟

چرا شاعران از کلمه‌ی فراخ برای توصیف دل استفاده می‌کنند؟

اگر ثروت فراخی داشتی، با آن چه می‌کردی؟

توصیف یک دشت فراخ در هنگام غروب آفتاب.

常见问题

10 个问题

Technically yes, but 'goshād' is much more natural for clothing.

No, but 'Farrokh' (فرخ) is a common name. They are different words.

Use 'farakh-tar' (فراخ‌تر).

In formal speech or writing, yes. In casual street talk, people prefer 'jādār' or 'bozorg'.

It means generosity—literally having a 'wide hand' to give.

Almost always positive, implying abundance or comfort.

The most common opposite is 'tang' (تنگ), meaning tight or narrow.

Yes, 'vaqt-e farakh' means having plenty of time.

It is a noun meaning 'vastness' or 'expanse'.

The Persian translations of the Quran often use 'farakh' for 'vast' (like 'God's earth is vast').

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