سی
سی 30秒了解
- Si means thirty (30) in Persian.
- Always use a singular noun after 'Si'.
- It is used for age, time, and prices.
- Pronounced like 'see' in English.
The Persian word سی (Si) is the cardinal number representing the quantity of thirty (30). In the Persian numerical system, it occupies a vital position as the third multiple of ten, following بیست (Bist - 20) and preceding چهل (Chehel - 40). Linguistically, it is a monomorphemic word in modern Persian, though its roots trace back to complex Indo-European structures. Understanding 'Si' is fundamental for any learner as it appears in daily transactions, time-telling, and historical contexts.
- Mathematical Value
- The integer 30, which is the product of 3 and 10, or the sum of three tens.
من سی سال دارم. (I am thirty years old.)
In the context of the Persian calendar, 'Si' is a recurring figure. Many months in the Solar Hijri calendar consist of exactly thirty days, making this word essential for date-setting and scheduling. Furthermore, the number thirty holds a mystical and literary significance in Iranian culture, most notably represented in the 'Simurgh' (Thirty Birds) allegory in Attar's Conference of the Birds.
- Symbolism
- Often represents maturity, a full cycle (as in a month), or a collective unity in Sufi literature.
او سی کتاب خرید. (He bought thirty books.)
- Grammatical Category
- Cardinal Numeral (Adjective/Noun).
دمای هوا سی درجه است. (The temperature is thirty degrees.)
ساعت هفت و سی دقیقه است. (It is seven thirty.)
Using سی (Si) effectively requires understanding its interaction with nouns and other numbers. In Persian syntax, the number always precedes the noun it modifies. A critical rule for learners is that the noun must be in its singular form, even though the quantity is plural. For example, 'Thirty students' is translated as سی دانشجو (Si Daneshjoo), never سی دانشجوها.
- Compound Numbers
- When forming numbers like 31, 32, etc., use the conjunction 'o' (and). Example: 'Si o yek' (31), 'Si o do' (32).
امروز سی و یکم ماه است. (Today is the 31st of the month.)
In spoken Persian (Tehrani dialect), the pronunciation of 'Si' remains fairly stable, unlike numbers like 'Pansad' (500) which might shift. However, when followed by the conjunction 'o', it sounds like 'Siyo'. For example, 'Siyo-panj' (35). It is also used extensively in time-telling to denote the half-hour mark, often interchangeably with نیم (Nim).
- Ordinal Formation
- To say 'Thirtieth', add the suffix '-om' to get 'Si-yom'.
او در رتبه سیام قرار گرفت. (He placed thirtieth.)
- Currency Usage
- Commonly used in prices: 'Si hezar Toman' (30,000 Tomans).
قیمت این نان سی تومان است. (The price of this bread is 30 Tomans.)
The word سی (Si) is ubiquitous in Iranian daily life. You will hear it most frequently in the bazaar or supermarkets when discussing prices or quantities. It is also a staple of the news cycle, particularly during weather reports or economic updates. Because thirty is a standard 'round' number, it is often used for approximations in casual speech.
- Public Transport
- Bus or metro lines might be numbered 30, or a driver might announce a 30-minute delay.
اتوبوس خط سی آمد. (The line 30 bus arrived.)
In academic settings, 'Si' is heard during lectures regarding history (e.g., the 30-year reign) or mathematics. In religious contexts, the Quran is divided into 30 parts called 'Juz' (or 'Si-pareh' in Persian), and you will often hear people talk about reading one 'Si-pareh' during Ramadan. This gives the number a spiritual weight beyond its mathematical value.
- Radio & Television
- News at 20:30 (Bist o Si) is a famous time slot for national broadcasts in Iran.
اخبار ساعت هشت و سی شروع میشود. (The 8:30 news begins.)
- Social Gatherings
- Commonly heard when talking about age milestones or 'Si-salegi' (turning 30).
جشن تولد سی سالگی او بود. (It was his 30th birthday party.)
One of the most frequent errors for beginners is confusing سی (Si - 30) with سه (Se - 3) or سیزده (Sizdah - 13). While they share the same root, the vowel sounds and lengths are distinct. 'Si' has a long 'ee' sound, whereas 'Se' is short. Mispronouncing these can lead to significant misunderstandings in financial transactions.
- The Plural Trap
- Avoid saying 'Si ruz-ha' (Thirty days-plural). The correct form is 'Si ruz' (Thirty day-singular).
اشتباه: سی کتابها | درست: سی کتاب. (Wrong: 30 books-pl | Right: 30 book-sg.)
Another mistake involves the 'Ezafe' construction. Numbers in Persian do not take an Ezafe (the '-e' sound) when followed by a noun. You should not say 'Si-ye Sib'; it is simply 'Si Sib'. However, when 'Si' is the *object* of a description, the rules change. Beginners often over-apply the Ezafe to numbers because they are used to it with adjectives.
- Spelling Confusion
- Confusing the word 'Si' (30) with the prefix 'Bi-' (without) or the word 'Si' (meaning 'for' in some dialects, though rare in standard Persian).
اشتباه: ساعت سه و سیه | درست: ساعت سه و سی. (Don't add extra vowels at the end.)
- Writing Digits
- Mixing Persian digits (۳۰) with Arabic or Western digits in the same sentence.
من ۳۰ دلار دارم. (Correct use of Persian digits.)
To master سی (Si), it is helpful to compare it with its numerical relatives. Persian numbers follow a very logical pattern, but the 'threes' family can be tricky due to phonetic similarities. Below is a comparison of 'Si' with other numbers that learners often find confusing or related.
- Si (30) vs. Se (3)
- 'Si' is the tens-multiple, while 'Se' is the single digit. 'Si' has a long 'i' (ee), 'Se' has a short 'e'.
- Si (30) vs. Sizdah (13)
- 'Sizdah' is the teen number. It contains the 'Si' root but adds '-dah' (ten).
- Si (30) vs. Sisad (300)
- 'Sisad' is the hundreds-multiple. It combines 'Si' (in an older form) with 'Sad' (hundred).
تفاوت بین سی و سیصد بسیار زیاد است. (The difference between 30 and 300 is very large.)
Another interesting comparison is with the word سیر (Sir), which means 'full' or 'garlic'. While phonetically different, fast speech can sometimes blur the distinction for untrained ears. Additionally, 'Si' is sometimes confused with the prefix 'Sim-' (as in Sim-kash), though this is less common for language learners.
- Si (30) vs. Bist (20)
- 'Bist' is the preceding multiple of ten. In Iran, 20 is the top grade in school, while 30 is just a number.
او سی سیب دارد، نه سه سیب. (He has thirty apples, not three apples.)
How Formal Is It?
难度评级
需要掌握的语法
Singular noun after numbers
Ordinal number suffix -om
Compound numbers with 'o'
Lack of Ezafe with numbers
Persian digit writing
按水平分级的例句
من سی کتاب دارم.
I have thirty books.
Noun 'ketab' is singular.
او سی سال دارد.
He/She is thirty years old.
Standard way to express age.
سی سیب در سبد است.
There are thirty apples in the basket.
Number precedes the noun.
ساعت چهار و سی دقیقه است.
It is 4:30.
Use 'o' to connect hours and minutes.
این مداد سی تومان است.
This pencil is 30 Tomans.
Basic price construction.
سی دانشجو در کلاس هستند.
Thirty students are in the class.
Verb is plural because the subject is plural.
او سی متر دوید.
He ran thirty meters.
Unit of measurement is singular.
من سی روز در تهران بودم.
I was in Tehran for thirty days.
Duration of time.
امروز سیام ماه است.
Today is the 30th of the month.
Ordinal number 'Siyom'.
او سی و دو سال سن دارد.
He is thirty-two years old.
Compound number 'Si o do'.
قیمت این پیراهن سی دلار است.
The price of this shirt is 30 dollars.
Currency usage.
ما سی دقیقه منتظر ماندیم.
We waited for thirty minutes.
Duration with 'daghigh-e'.
او سی صفحه از کتاب را خواند.
She read thirty pages of the book.
Quantity of pages.
دمای هوا سی درجه سانتیگراد است.
The temperature is 30 degrees Celsius.
Weather context.
سی صندلی در اتاق وجود دارد.
There are thirty chairs in the room.
Existential 'vojud darad'.
او سی و پنج کیلوگرم وزن کم کرد.
He lost thirty-five kilograms.
Compound number with units.
این پروژه سی روز طول میکشد.
This project takes thirty days.
Future/Present continuous sense.
او سی درصد تخفیف گرفت.
He got a thirty percent discount.
Percentage 'darsad'.
سی نفر به مهمانی دعوت شدند.
Thirty people were invited to the party.
Passive voice 'davat shodand'.
او در سیامین سالگرد ازدواجشان هدیهای خرید.
He bought a gift for their 30th wedding anniversary.
Ordinal 'Siyomin' for anniversary.
فاصله تا شهر سی کیلومتر است.
The distance to the city is thirty kilometers.
Distance measurement.
او سی سال پیش به این کشور آمد.
He came to this country thirty years ago.
Past time reference 'sal-e pish'.
این ساختمان سی طبقه دارد.
This building has thirty floors.
Describing property.
او سی ثانیه فرصت دارد.
He has thirty seconds.
Short duration.
بیش از سی درصد از جنگلها تخریب شدهاند.
More than thirty percent of the forests have been destroyed.
Statistical reporting.
او سی مقاله علمی در این زمینه نوشته است.
He has written thirty scientific articles in this field.
Professional achievement.
این توافقنامه سی بند دارد.
This agreement has thirty clauses.
Formal document description.
او در سن سی سالگی به اوج شهرت رسید.
At the age of thirty, he reached the peak of his fame.
Describing life stages.
سی سال تلاش او بالاخره به نتیجه رسید.
His thirty years of effort finally paid off.
Abstract quantity of effort.
این شهر سی محله مختلف دارد.
This city has thirty different neighborhoods.
Geographical description.
او سی هزار دلار در بورس سرمایهگذاری کرد.
He invested thirty thousand dollars in the stock market.
Financial context.
سی نماینده به این طرح رای منفی دادند.
Thirty representatives voted against this plan.
Political context.
فردوسی سی سال رنج برد تا شاهنامه را سرود.
Ferdowsi suffered for thirty years to compose the Shahnameh.
Historical/Literary reference.
سی مرغ در جستجوی سیمرغ به راه افتادند.
Thirty birds set out in search of the Simurgh.
Mythological allegory.
این نسخه خطی متعلق به سی قرن پیش است.
This manuscript belongs to thirty centuries ago.
Historical time scale.
او سی سال از عمر خود را وقف خیریه کرد.
He dedicated thirty years of his life to charity.
Abstract dedication.
سی جزو قرآن در این قفسه چیده شده است.
The thirty parts of the Quran are arranged on this shelf.
Religious context 'Si jozv'.
او در سیامین سال پادشاهی خود اصلاحات بزرگی انجام داد.
In the thirtieth year of his reign, he carried out great reforms.
Formal historical narrative.
سی سالگی فصلی نو در زندگی بسیاری از افراد است.
The age of thirty is a new chapter in many people's lives.
Philosophical reflection.
او سی مورد از تناقضات متن را شناسایی کرد.
He identified thirty instances of contradictions in the text.
Critical analysis.
در متون کهن، عدد سی نماد کمال و اتمام دوره است.
In ancient texts, the number thirty is a symbol of perfection and the completion of a cycle.
Academic/Symbolic analysis.
او با سی سال تجربه، اکنون صاحبنظر این حوزه است.
With thirty years of experience, he is now an expert in this field.
Professional authority.
سی پارهی دل من در هر غزل نهفته است.
The thirty pieces of my heart are hidden in every ghazal.
Poetic/Metaphorical usage.
او سی سال در انزوا به تحقیق و تفحص پرداخت.
He spent thirty years in isolation conducting research and investigation.
Advanced narrative.
این بنا پس از سی دهه همچنان استوار است.
This building remains firm after thirty decades.
Large time scales.
سی سال نوری فاصله تا آن ستاره تخمین زده شده است.
The distance to that star is estimated to be thirty light-years.
Scientific precision.
او سی سال بر عهد خود پایبند ماند.
He remained faithful to his oath for thirty years.
Moral/Ethical context.
سی سال است که این سنت در این روستا حفظ شده است.
This tradition has been preserved in this village for thirty years.
Cultural preservation.
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
习语与表达
容易混淆
句型
如何使用
A common milestone.
Used for the half-hour mark.
- Using a plural noun: 'Si ruz-ha' instead of 'Si ruz'.
- Confusing pronunciation: Saying 'Se' (3) instead of 'Si' (30).
- Adding Ezafe: Saying 'Si-ye ketab' instead of 'Si ketab'.
- Spelling: Writing 'سی' as 'سه' or vice versa.
- Ordinal error: Saying 'Si' when you mean 'Siyom' (30th) for a date.
小贴士
Singular Nouns
Always keep the noun singular after 'Si'. This is a common mistake for English speakers.
Long Vowel
Make sure to pronounce the 'i' in 'Si' clearly and long to avoid confusion with 'Se' (3).
Persian Digits
Practice writing ۳۰ to get used to the Persian numerical script.
Simurgh
Read about the 'Conference of the Birds' to understand the mystical side of the number 30.
Fast Speech
In fast speech, 'Si o' sounds like 'Siyo'. Train your ear for this liaison.
Ordinal Suffix
Add '-om' to 'Si' to make it 'Siyom' (30th).
Time Telling
You can use 'Si' or 'Nim' (half) to say 30 minutes past the hour.
Visual Aid
Visualize 3 rows of 10 items to cement the concept of 'Si' as 3x10.
Currency
Practice saying 'Si hezar' (30,000) as it is a common price point.
Age
Learn the phrase 'Si salegi' to talk about the milestone of turning 30.
记住它
词源
文化背景
Ferdowsi's 30-year labor.
The 30 parts of the Quran.
Central to the Simurgh allegory.
在生活中练习
真实语境
对话开场白
"چند سال داری؟ (How old are you? - Answer with Si)"
"ساعت چند است؟ (What time is it?)"
"قیمت این چند است؟ (How much is this?)"
"چند روز در سفر بودی؟ (How many days were you on the trip?)"
"چند دانشجو در کلاس هستند؟ (How many students are in the class?)"
日记主题
Write about what you want to achieve by age 30.
Describe a 30-minute walk you took recently.
List 30 things you are grateful for.
Write about a book that has 30 chapters.
Describe your routine for the 30th day of the month.
常见问题
10 个问题No, in Persian, the noun following any number greater than one remains in the singular form. For example, 'Si ruz' means 30 days.
You say 'Si o yek'. The 'o' acts as a conjunction between the tens and the units.
'Si' means 30 and has a long 'ee' sound. 'Se' means 3 and has a short 'e' sound.
It is written as ۳۰.
No, cardinal numbers like 'Si' do not take the Ezafe construction when preceding a noun.
'Siyom' is the ordinal form of 'Si', meaning 'thirtieth'.
In some dialects, 'si' can mean 'for', but in standard Persian, it exclusively means the number 30.
It is used to denote 30 minutes past the hour, e.g., 'Haft o si' (7:30).
Yes, the Quran is divided into 30 parts called 'Si-pareh' or 'Juz'.
It is associated with Ferdowsi's 30 years of writing and the 'Si-murgh' allegory.
自我测试 180 个问题
Write 'I am 30 years old' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write 'It is 5:30' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say the number 30 in Persian.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen and identify the number: [Audio: Si]
Write 30 in Persian digits.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Count from 28 to 32 in Persian.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Is the number 3 or 30? [Audio: Si]
Write 'I waited for 30 minutes.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 percent discount'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What is the price? [Audio: Si hezar toman]
Describe the Simurgh allegory in one sentence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Explain the significance of 30 in Persian culture.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Listen to the poem excerpt. What number is mentioned?
Write '30 students' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write '30 apples' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'I have 30 dollars.'
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
How many minutes? [Audio: Si daghigh-e]
Write '30 days' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'It's 10:30'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What is the temperature? [Audio: Si darajeh]
Write '30 meters'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30th birthday'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Is it 13 or 30? [Audio: Sizdah]
Write '30 percent'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 kilometers'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
How many people? [Audio: Si nafar]
Write '30th anniversary'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30-page report'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What year is it? [Audio: Sal-e si-yom]
Write '30 chairs'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 minutes'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
How many books? [Audio: Si ketab]
Write '30 dollars'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 years'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What number? [Audio: Si]
Write '30 people'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30th floor'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What floor? [Audio: Tabagheh si-yom]
Write '30 kilometers'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 percent'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What percentage? [Audio: Si darsad]
Write '30 pages'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 seconds'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
How many seconds? [Audio: Si saniyeh]
Write '30 degrees'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 years ago'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
When? [Audio: Sal-e si-yom]
Write '30 chapters'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say '30 items'.
Read this aloud:
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
How many items? [Audio: Si mored]
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'Si' (سی) is the Persian cardinal number for 30. Remember the golden rule: the noun following it must remain singular (e.g., 'Si Sib' for 30 apples).
- Si means thirty (30) in Persian.
- Always use a singular noun after 'Si'.
- It is used for age, time, and prices.
- Pronounced like 'see' in English.
Singular Nouns
Always keep the noun singular after 'Si'. This is a common mistake for English speakers.
Long Vowel
Make sure to pronounce the 'i' in 'Si' clearly and long to avoid confusion with 'Se' (3).
Persian Digits
Practice writing ۳۰ to get used to the Persian numerical script.
Simurgh
Read about the 'Conference of the Birds' to understand the mystical side of the number 30.
例句
سی نفر برای این پروژه ثبتنام کردند.
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C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
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عافیت
B2康泰、平安、健康。常用于打喷嚏后的祝愿,类似于“保重”。
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عاقبت
C1结果,结局,或者是“终于”。 '他终于(عاقبت)成功了。'
عاقل
A1明智的,理智的。指有判断力、不感情用事的人。
عالمگیر
C1全世界的,普遍的。影响全球的事物。
عالی
A1“Aali”在波斯语中意为“极好的”或“优秀的”。
عام
B1“Am”这个词的意思是“普遍的”或“公共的”。
اعم از
B2包括;无论是...还是...(用于引入选项)。