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A2 verb 중립 3분 분량

sy

/syː/
연습하기

Overview

The Swedish word 'sy' (pronounced approximately like 'see' in English, but with a slightly shorter 'ee' sound) is a versatile verb primarily meaning 'to sew' or 'to stitch' with thread and needle. It encompasses the entire act of creating or repairing textiles by joining pieces of fabric together using a needle and thread.

**Core Meaning and Usage:**

  • To Sew/Stitch: This is the most direct and common translation. For example, 'Jag ska sy en klänning' means 'I am going to sew a dress.' Or, 'Hon kan sy knappar' translates to 'She can sew buttons.'
  • To Mend/Repair by Sewing: 'Sy' can also imply mending something that is torn or broken, such as 'Jag måste sy ihop hålet i byxorna' ('I need to sew up the hole in my trousers').
  • Figurative Usage (less common): While primarily literal, in some specific contexts, 'sy' can be used more broadly to suggest bringing things together or creating a whole from parts, though this is less frequent than in English phrases like 'to weave a story.'

**Grammar and Conjugation:**

'Sy' is a regular verb in Swedish, belonging to the first conjugation (ending in -ar in the present tense for regular verbs, but 'sy' is slightly irregular in its present tense form due to its vowel ending).

* **Infinitive:** sy (to sew)

  • Present Tense: syr (sews, is sewing)
  • Example: 'Jag syr en kudde.' (I am sewing a pillow.)

* **Past Tense (Preteritum/Imperfect):** sydde (sewed)

  • Example: 'Hon sydde en kappa förra veckan.' (She sewed a coat last week.)
  • Supine (used with 'har' for present perfect and 'hade' for past perfect): sytt (sewn)
  • Example: 'Vi har sytt många dukar.' (We have sewn many tablecloths.)
  • Past Participle (used as an adjective): sydd (masculine/feminine singular), sytt (neuter singular), sydda (plural)
  • Example: 'Den sydda filten är vacker.' (The sewn blanket is beautiful.)

**Related Words and Phrases:**

  • Sömnad: (noun) Sewing, needlework.
  • Symaskin: (noun) Sewing machine.
  • Sytråd: (noun) Sewing thread.
  • Synål: (noun) Sewing needle.
  • Sömmerska: (noun) Seamstress.
  • Skräddare: (noun) Tailor.
  • Sy ihop: (verb phrase) To sew together, to mend by sewing.
  • Sy fast: (verb phrase) To sew on (e.g., a button).
  • Sy upp: (verb phrase) To hem, to shorten by sewing (e.g., trousers).
  • Sy om: (verb phrase) To alter by sewing, to resew.

**Cultural Context/Idioms:**

While 'sy' is quite literal, understanding its core meaning is fundamental for everyday communication related to clothing, textiles, and crafts in Sweden. There aren't many widely used idiomatic expressions built directly around 'sy' in the same way as some other verbs, but its literal use is pervasive.

예시

1

Hon sydde en klänning åt sig själv.

General

She sewed a dress for herself.

자주 쓰는 조합

sy en klänning
sy fast en knapp
sy ihop ett sår
symaskin

자주 혼동되는 단어

sy 대 sy
There are no readily available homophones or extremely similar-sounding words in Swedish that would cause significant confusion for 'sy' (to sew) in the way that homophones in English might. The provided example 'w' is not a Swedish word and does not fit the context.

문법 패턴

Jag syr en klänning. (I am sewing a dress.) - Present tense, basic sentence structure. Jag sydde en tröja igår. (I sewed a sweater yesterday.) - Past tense, basic sentence structure. Hon har sytt många dukar. (She has sewn many tablecloths.) - Perfect tense, basic sentence structure.

사용법

사용 참고사항

'Sy' is a versatile verb in Swedish, primarily meaning 'to sew' or 'to stitch' using a needle and thread, or a sewing machine. It can be used for a wide range of applications, from basic mending to creating complex garments. For example, 'Jag ska sy en klänning' means 'I am going to sew a dress.' It can also be used in more figurative contexts, though less commonly than its literal meaning. The past tense is 'sydde' (e.g., 'Hon sydde en knapp i går' - 'She sewed a button yesterday'), and the past participle is 'sytt' (e.g., 'Klänningen är sydd för hand' - 'The dress is sewn by hand'). 'Sy' can also be combined with prepositions to form phrasal verbs, such as 'sy ihop' (to sew together) or 'sy upp' (to sew up, to hem). The noun form 'sömnad' refers to the act or craft of sewing, or needlework in general.

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake for English speakers is confusing 'sy' (to sew) with 'sju' (seven), due to their similar initial sounds. Another common error is mispronouncing the 'y' in 'sy' as a long 'e' sound, like in 'see'. In Swedish, the 'y' in 'sy' is a short, closed vowel sound, similar to the 'ew' in 'new' but shorter and more towards the front of the mouth. Learners sometimes incorrectly conjugate 'sy' as a strong verb (e.g., 'syo,' 'sytt') instead of as a weak verb, which follows a regular pattern for its past tense and supine forms (sydde, sytt). Additionally, confusing the direct object form (e.g., 'sy något' - sew something) with the reflexive form (e.g., 'sy sig en klänning' - sew oneself a dress) can lead to grammatical errors. Finally, forgetting the correct preposition when using 'sy' in context, such as 'sy ihop' (sew together) or 'sy fast' (sew on), is a frequent oversight.

팁

💡

Word forms

The word 'sy' is a verb. It can be conjugated in various ways depending on the tense, mood, and person. For example: - Present tense: syr (syr en klänning - sews a dress) - Past tense: sydde (sydde en knapp i går - sewed a button yesterday) - Supine: sytt (har sytt i många år - has sewn for many years) - Imperative: sy (Sy ihop det! - Sew it together!) - Present participle: syende (en syende kvinna - a sewing woman) - Past participle: sydd (klänningen är sydd - the dress is sewn)
💡

Common mistakes

A common mistake is confusing 'sy' with 'se' (to see). Although they look similar, their meanings are very different. Another potential confusion could be with 'sya', which is not a standard Swedish word. Always double-check the context to ensure you are using the correct verb.
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Usage examples

Here are some examples of how 'sy' is used in sentences: - Jag ska sy en ny gardin. (I am going to sew a new curtain.) - Min mormor sydde alltid våra kläder. (My grandmother always sewed our clothes.) - Har du sytt färdigt tröjan? (Have you finished sewing the sweater?) - Kan du sy i en knapp åt mig? (Can you sew on a button for me?) - Hon lärde sig att sy som barn. (She learned to sew as a child.)

어원

The Swedish word 'sy' (to sew) has a rich history rooted in Proto-Germanic and Proto-Indo-European languages. Its origins can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word '*siwjaną', which itself derived from the Proto-Indo-European root '*seh₁w-' or '*syu-' meaning 'to sew' or 'to bind'. This ancient root is also the source of similar words in various other Indo-European languages, highlighting a shared linguistic heritage related to the act of joining materials with a thread. In Old Norse, a direct ancestor of modern Swedish, the word appeared as 'sýja'. Over centuries, as the language evolved, 'sýja' transformed into the modern Swedish 'sy'. This evolution involved phonetic shifts and grammatical simplifications common in the development of languages. The concept of 'sewing' has been fundamental to human civilization for millennia, from crafting clothing and shelters to mending and decorating. The endurance of the word 'sy' in Swedish, and its cognates across other languages, reflects the enduring importance of this activity. Comparisons can be made with other Germanic languages: for example, German 'nähen', English 'sew', and Dutch 'naaien'. While the modern forms differ, they often share deeper etymological connections or have evolved through similar pathways from ancient roots, even if the direct cognate is not immediately apparent. The English word 'sew' is a direct cognate of the Swedish 'sy', both stemming from the same Proto-Germanic and Proto-Indo-European origins. Thus, the word 'sy' in Swedish is not just a verb; it's a linguistic artifact carrying the echoes of ancient human ingenuity and a shared history of craftsmanship and utility across cultures and millennia.

문화적 맥락

In Sweden, 'sy' (to sew) has been a fundamental domestic skill and a significant cultural practice, deeply rooted in the concept of 'hemmafru' (housewife) and self-sufficiency. Historically, sewing was essential for creating and mending clothes, linens, and home textiles, reflecting resourcefulness and a strong connection to craftsmanship. Traditional Swedish folk costumes ('folkdräkter') are intricate examples of historical sewing, often passed down through generations and worn during national holidays and celebrations. Contemporary Swedish culture still values handmade items, with a strong emphasis on sustainability and DIY ethics. Many Swedes engage in sewing as a hobby, for fashion, home decor, or upcycling, reflecting a continued appreciation for bespoke and environmentally conscious creations. The concept of 'lagom' (just right) often extends to sewing, encouraging practical, durable, and aesthetically pleasing results without excess.

암기 팁

Visualize 'sy' as 'sewing why'. Imagine asking 'Why am I sewing?' as you stitch. This connects the sound of 'sy' with the act of sewing.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문
The Swedish word for 'to join with thread and needle' is 'sy'. This versatile verb encompasses a wide range of actions related to sewing, stitching, and mending. It can refer to everything from hand-sewing a button back on to operating a complex sewing machine for garment construction. The core meaning always involves the act of using a needle and thread to connect pieces of fabric, mend tears, or create decorative stitches. Understanding 'sy' is fundamental for anyone interested in textile crafts or basic clothing repair in Sweden.
The verb 'sy' is commonly used in sentences such as 'Jag ska sy en klänning' (I am going to sew a dress) or 'Kan du sy ihop den här knappen?' (Can you sew this button on?). It can also be found in phrases like 'att sy för hand' (to hand-sew) or 'att sy på maskin' (to machine-sew). The context usually clarifies the specific type of sewing being referred to. It's a very active verb that implies deliberate action with a needle and thread, whether for practical purposes or creative expression. The simplicity of the word belies the many intricate processes it can describe.
While 'sy' itself is a straightforward verb, it forms the basis of several useful compound words and phrases. For instance, 'sömnad' (sewing, needlework) is derived from 'sy'. You might also hear 'sömmerska' for a seamstress or 'skräddarsy' (tailor-make), which literally means 'to tailor-sew'. Another common phrase is 'sy ihop' (to sew together), often used when mending or joining fabric. These variations demonstrate the integral role 'sy' plays in the vocabulary surrounding textile arts and garment making in Swedish.
The Swedish word 'sy' has deep roots in Germanic languages, tracing back to Old Norse 'sýja' and ultimately to the Proto-Germanic *siujaną. This ancient origin highlights the fundamental nature of sewing as a human activity throughout history. Its cognates can be found in other Germanic languages, such as 'sew' in English and 'nähen' in German, all sharing the core meaning of joining with thread and needle. The consistent form and meaning across these languages underscore the enduring importance of this skill and the word that describes it.

셀프 테스트

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Jag ska _____ en knapp i min skjorta.

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