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B2 preposition 13分钟阅读

outre

开始练习例句笔记与提示 outre 30秒了解

解析 outre in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'outre' is quite advanced and not typically taught. However, you might encounter the phrase 'en outre' in simple reading passages. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'and' or 'also.' While you should focus on using 'et' (and) and 'aussi' (also) for now, just know that when you see 'en outre,' it means the writer is adding another piece of information. For example, 'Il aime le café. En outre, il aime le thé' (He likes coffee. Furthermore, he likes tea). You don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but recognizing it will help you understand more formal texts. At this stage, just remember it's about adding things together. It's like a plus sign in a sentence. If you see it with a hyphen, like 'outre-mer,' it usually refers to places far away across the sea, like tropical islands that are part of France. Don't worry about the grammar of it too much; just treat it as a vocabulary item that means 'also' or 'overseas.' As you progress, you will see how it becomes a powerful tool for making your French sound more professional and structured. For now, keep it in the back of your mind as a 'bonus' word that appears in books and news reports.

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to build longer sentences and connect ideas. You might start using 'en plus de' to say 'in addition to.' The word 'outre' is the more formal version of this. While you might not use 'outre' in daily conversation, you will definitely see it in news headlines or short articles about France. For instance, 'outre-mer' is a very common word in France because it refers to French territories like Guadeloupe or Martinique. If you hear a weather report, they might talk about 'la météo en outre-mer.' You might also see 'en outre' used as a transition between two sentences in a simple story. It's a step up from 'aussi' and shows you are starting to understand how French writers organize their thoughts. Try to recognize the difference between 'autre' (other) and 'outre' (besides). 'Autre' is something you use every day, but 'outre' is for special, more formal occasions. If you want to impress your teacher, you could try using 'en outre' in a short writing assignment to connect two related points. For example: 'J'aime voyager. En outre, j'adore apprendre des langues.' It makes your writing flow better than just repeating 'et' over and over again.

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By the B1 level, you should be comfortable with 'en plus de' and 'aussi,' and you are ready to start incorporating 'outre' and 'en outre' into your active vocabulary, especially in writing. At this stage, you should understand that 'outre' is a preposition that takes a noun directly. You can use it to introduce a secondary point: 'Outre le travail, j'ai beaucoup de hobbies.' This sounds much more sophisticated than 'En plus du travail...' You should also become familiar with the fixed expression 'outre mesure,' which means 'excessively.' You will often hear this in the negative: 'Il ne faut pas s'inquiéter outre mesure' (One shouldn't worry too much). This is a very common and useful phrase for giving advice or comforting someone. You should also be aware of 'outre-Manche' (the UK) and 'outre-Atlantique' (the US), as these appear constantly in French media. At B1, your goal is to recognize these terms instantly and start using 'en outre' as a transition word in your essays. It helps you move away from basic sentence structures and toward the more complex, logical style required for the DELF B1 exam. Remember: 'outre' is followed by a noun, 'en outre' starts a new sentence or clause.

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At the B2 level, 'outre' is a key word for achieving the formal register required for advanced communication. You are expected to use 'outre' as a preposition to structure complex arguments in your 'lettre de motivation' or 'essai argumentatif.' For example: 'Outre les compétences acquises lors de mon stage, je possède une grande capacité d'adaptation.' This shows you can handle professional French. You should also master the verb phrase 'passer outre,' which means to disregard or bypass something, often an obstacle or a rule. 'Le maire a décidé de passer outre aux protestations.' This is a common construction in political and administrative contexts. You should also understand the nuance of 'outre que' (besides the fact that), which allows you to link a fact to an additional point: 'Outre qu'il est bilingue, il a une expérience internationale.' At B2, you should be able to distinguish between the different geographical terms like 'outre-Rhin' and 'outre-Manche' and use them correctly in discussions about European affairs. Your use of 'outre' should feel natural and not forced; it's about choosing the right tool for a formal setting. You should also be careful not to use it in casual speech where it might sound overly pretentious.

At the C1 level, you should have a deep and nuanced understanding of 'outre' in all its forms. You should be able to use it effortlessly in high-level academic writing and professional discourse. This includes using it to create stylistic variety. Instead of always using 'en plus de,' you can use 'outre' at the start of a paragraph to synthesize previous points while introducing a new one. You should also be familiar with more literary or archaic uses, such as 'outre-tombe.' Understanding the cultural significance of Chateaubriand's 'Mémoires d'outre-tombe' is part of the cultural literacy expected at this level. You should be able to use 'passer outre' in various contexts, including its absolute use: 'Il y a des obstacles, mais nous passerons outre.' This level of mastery involves knowing that 'outre' can sometimes function as an adverb in very specific, often older or legal, contexts. You should also be sensitive to the rhythm of your sentences, using 'outre' to balance long noun phrases. In debates, you can use 'outre mesure' to critique an opponent's exaggeration: 'Votre réaction est, me semble-t-il, outre mesure.' This shows a high level of rhetorical skill and an ability to use subtle linguistic tools to express complex attitudes.

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At the C2 level, 'outre' is a word you use with total precision and stylistic flair. You understand its etymological roots in the Latin 'ultra' and how this informs its modern usage in both geographic and additive senses. You can navigate the most complex legal and administrative texts where 'outre' and 'passer outre' appear frequently. You are also aware of the rare noun form 'une outre' (a goatskin bottle) and would never confuse it with the preposition, even in a pun or literary wordplay. In your own writing, you use 'outre' to manage information flow with the skill of a native writer, perhaps using 'outre que' followed by the indicative to state a fact, or using 'en outre' and 'de surcroît' to build a powerful, escalating argument. You are comfortable with the geographical metonymy of 'outre-Manche' and 'outre-Rhin,' using them to add color and variety to your analysis of international relations. You can also appreciate the philosophical depth of the word in literature, where 'outre' represents the threshold between the known and the unknown. At this level, 'outre' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile instrument in your linguistic orchestra, allowing you to hit the exact note of formality, precision, or literary elegance required by the most demanding communicative situations.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

outre 30秒了解

'Outre' means 'besides' or 'in addition to' in formal French.
It is often used as a preposition followed directly by a noun.
'En outre' is a common adverbial phrase meaning 'furthermore.'
It appears in geographic terms like 'outre-mer' (overseas).

The French word outre is a sophisticated preposition that primarily functions to signify 'in addition to' or 'besides' in contemporary French. At its core, outre originates from the Latin word ultra, which literally translates to 'beyond.' This historical root is essential for understanding its dual nature: while it often means 'plus' or 'added to' in modern usage, it still carries a literary and geographic sense of 'being on the other side of' or 'beyond the limits of.' In a formal or professional context, you will encounter outre used to introduce an additional point in an argument, much like the English 'furthermore' or 'besides.' However, unlike the adverbial phrase en outre, the preposition outre must be followed by a noun or a noun phrase. For example, one might say, 'Outre les avantages financiers...' to mean 'In addition to the financial advantages.' This word is a hallmark of upper-intermediate (B2) and advanced (C1/C2) French because it allows for more elegant sentence structures than the more common en plus de. Beyond its prepositional use, outre appears in several vital fixed expressions that every serious learner should master.

Geographical Context: In French media, you will frequently hear terms like outre-Manche (across the English Channel, referring to the UK), outre-Rhin (across the Rhine, referring to Germany), and outre-Atlantique (across the Atlantic, referring to the USA). Here, the word retains its ancient meaning of 'beyond.'

La situation outre-mer nécessite une attention particulière du gouvernement central.

Furthermore, the word is indispensable in administrative and legal French. The phrase passer outre is a common verbal construction meaning 'to disregard' or 'to go ahead despite an obstacle.' For instance, a committee might passer outre an objection to finalize a project. This implies a deliberate action of moving 'beyond' a barrier. Another frequent use is in the expression outre mesure, which means 'excessively' or 'beyond measure.' If someone is inquiet outre mesure, they are worried far more than the situation warrants. Understanding these nuances helps a learner transition from basic communication to nuanced, professional expression. The word is rarely used in casual street slang, as it carries a certain weight and intellectual gravity. When writing a formal essay or a cover letter, using outre instead of aussi or en plus immediately signals a high level of linguistic competence. It shows that the speaker is capable of organizing complex thoughts and connecting ideas with precision.

Comparative Usage: While 'en plus de' is versatile, 'outre' is often preferred in written reports to avoid repetition and to maintain a formal tone. It is particularly effective at the beginning of a sentence to set the stage for a multi-faceted argument.

Outre son talent pour la musique, elle est une mathématicienne accomplie.

Literary Depth: In literature, you might see 'outre-tombe,' referring to things from beyond the grave, most famously in Chateaubriand's 'Mémoires d'outre-tombe.' This highlights the word's ability to span the physical, the metaphorical, and the metaphysical.

Il ne faut pas s'alarmer outre mesure par ces nouvelles.

Le navire a fait route vers les terres d'outre-mer.

Le directeur a décidé de passer outre les recommandations du comité.

Using outre correctly requires an understanding of its syntactic role as a preposition. Unlike adverbs which can stand alone or be separated by commas, outre must directly precede the noun or noun phrase it is modifying. For example, in the sentence 'Outre ses responsabilités professionnelles, elle s'occupe de ses parents,' the word outre links the 'professional responsibilities' to the rest of the sentence as an additional factor. It is semantically equivalent to 'Besides her professional responsibilities.' One of the most common structural mistakes learners make is using outre as a standalone transition word. If you want to say 'Furthermore, it is raining,' you cannot say 'Outre, il pleut.' You must say 'En outre, il pleut.' The addition of 'en' transforms the preposition into an adverbial phrase suitable for starting a sentence independently.

Sentence Positioning: Typically, 'outre' appears at the beginning of a sentence to introduce a secondary piece of information before the main clause. It can also appear in the middle of a sentence to connect two related noun phrases, though this is less common than the initial position.

Outre le froid, le vent rendait la marche difficile.

Another vital grammatical pattern involves the verb passer outre. This is an intransitive construction where outre acts as an adverb meaning 'beyond.' It is almost always followed by the preposition à when an object is present. For example: 'Il a décidé de passer outre à mes conseils' (He decided to ignore my advice). In this case, 'passer outre' functions as a single semantic unit meaning 'to bypass.' This is a very frequent pattern in legal and administrative French, where rules are often 'passed outre' by authorities in specific circumstances.

The 'Outre-...' Compound Pattern: French uses 'outre' in several hyphenated compounds to indicate geographic location relative to France. 'Outre-mer' refers to overseas territories, while 'outre-Manche' refers to the UK. These are treated as fixed nouns or adjectives depending on context.

Les investissements outre-Atlantique ont chuté ce trimestre.

Fixed Expression: Outre mesure: This expression is used after an adjective or a verb to indicate excess. It is almost always used in the negative or with verbs of emotion. 'Ne vous inquiétez pas outre mesure' (Don't worry excessively).

Il n'est pas fier outre mesure de son succès.

Outre que le film était long, il était aussi très ennuyeux.

L'administration a choisi de passer outre cette règle archaïque.

In the daily life of a French speaker, outre is most visible in the news and formal documents. If you open a French newspaper like Le Monde or Le Figaro, you will see it used to structure analytical articles. For instance, a journalist might write about the challenges of a new law, stating, 'Outre les critiques de l'opposition, le gouvernement doit faire face à une grogne sociale.' Here, outre serves as a bridge, allowing the writer to layer multiple complex issues without repeating the word 'and' or 'also.' It provides a rhythmic flow that is highly valued in French rhetoric. You will also hear it in televised news broadcasts, particularly when discussing international relations. The terms outre-Manche and outre-Atlantique are part of the standard lexicon for news anchors. Instead of saying 'au Royaume-Uni' or 'aux États-Unis' every time, they use these expressions to provide variety and a sense of geographical perspective.

Political Discourse: In the French National Assembly, politicians use 'outre' to list grievances or benefits of a policy. It conveys a sense of thoroughness and intellectual rigor. 'Outre les aspects écologiques, nous devons considérer l'impact économique.'

Les tensions outre-Rhin préoccupent les observateurs européens.

In the world of business and law, outre is a staple. Contractual language often includes phrases like 'Outre les clauses susmentionnées...' (In addition to the aforementioned clauses...). In a corporate meeting, a manager might say, 'Outre le budget, nous devons discuter du calendrier.' This usage establishes a professional tone and helps in organizing the agenda clearly. Furthermore, the expression passer outre is frequently used in business negotiations to describe the act of proceeding despite a lack of consensus or a minor legal hurdle. It carries a connotation of authority and decisiveness.

Academic Writing: Students in France are taught to use 'outre' and 'en outre' to structure their dissertations (essays). It is considered a 'connecteur logique' (logical connector) that enhances the coherence of the argument.

L'auteur utilise cette métaphore pour, outre le style, renforcer son message politique.

Literature and Philosophy: Classic French literature uses 'outre' to explore themes of the 'beyond.' Chateaubriand's 'Mémoires d'outre-tombe' is the most famous example, where the word evokes the transition between life and death.

Il a réussi à passer outre ses peurs pour accomplir son rêve.

Le rapport souligne, outre les erreurs de gestion, un manque de vision à long terme.

Les produits venus d'outre-mer sont de plus en plus prisés.

The most frequent error English speakers make with outre is confusing it with its adverbial cousin en outre. Remember that outre is a preposition; it acts as a bridge and needs something to bridge to (a noun). En outre is an adverb; it stands alone as a connector. If you write 'Outre, nous devons partir,' you are making a syntactic error. The correct form would be 'En outre, nous devons partir' (Furthermore, we must leave). Another common mistake is adding the preposition 'de' after outre. Because 'en plus de' is so common, learners often say 'outre de ses problèmes,' but the correct form is simply 'outre ses problèmes.' This is a classic case of interference from a similar-sounding or similar-meaning structure.

Phonetic Confusion: Beginners often confuse 'outre' with 'autre' (other) or 'entre' (between). While they sound vaguely similar to a non-native ear, their meanings are entirely different. 'L'autre' is the other one, 'entre nous' is between us, and 'outre cela' is in addition to that.

Faux: Outre de son talent. Correct: Outre son talent.

A more subtle mistake involves the expression passer outre. Some learners try to use it with 'sur' or 'par-dessus,' but the correct preposition to follow passer outre when it has an object is à. For example, 'Il a passé outre à l'interdiction' (He ignored the ban). Using the wrong preposition here can make the sentence feel clunky and non-native. Additionally, the phrase outre mesure is often misused by being placed in the wrong part of the sentence. It should follow the adjective or verb it modifies. For example, 'Il est inquiet outre mesure' is correct, whereas 'Il est outre mesure inquiet' is awkward and rarely used.

Register Errors: Using 'outre' in a context that requires 'au-delà de' (physical distance) can sometimes be confusing. While 'outre' can mean beyond, it is mostly used in fixed geographical terms or abstractly. For physical distance like 'beyond the hills,' 'au-delà de' is much more natural.

Faux: Il est allé outre la colline. Correct: Il est allé au-delà de la colline.

Confusion with 'Outre' (Noun): While rare, you might see 'outre' used as a noun in historical texts. 'L'outre était pleine de vin.' Do not try to use 'outre' as a preposition in this context. They are homonyms with zero semantic connection in modern usage.

Ne soyez pas surpris outre mesure si les plans changent au dernier moment.

Outre la pluie, nous avons dû faire face à une crevaison.

Il a décidé de passer outre aux objections de son avocat.

To truly master outre, you must know how it compares to its synonyms and when to choose one over the other. The most direct alternative is en plus de. Both mean 'in addition to,' but en plus de is the workhorse of the French language—it is used everywhere, from casual chats to business emails. Outre, by contrast, is the 'tuxedo' of prepositions; it is elegant, formal, and slightly more academic. If you are writing a PhD thesis or a formal report for a CEO, outre is your best friend. If you are texting a friend about what to bring to a party, stick to en plus de. Another similar term is hormis or excepté, which mean 'except for.' While outre adds something to the group, hormis removes it. However, in some contexts, outre can imply 'aside from,' which borders on the meaning of 'except for,' though it usually remains additive.

Outre vs. Au-delà de: 'Au-delà de' is primarily used for physical or metaphorical distance ('beyond the horizon,' 'beyond our expectations'). 'Outre' is used for addition ('besides this') or in fixed geographical terms. You wouldn't say 'outre les montagnes' to mean beyond the mountains; you would say 'au-delà des montagnes.'

Il y a, outre les raisons déjà citées, un facteur humain à considérer.

When discussing geographical locations, par-delà is another alternative to the 'beyond' sense of outre. Par-delà les mers (across/beyond the seas) sounds very poetic and is often used in literature. Outre-mer is more administrative and practical. If you are talking about the French territories in the Caribbean, use outre-mer. If you are writing a poem about a lost love across the ocean, use par-delà. For the adverbial sense of 'furthermore,' you have de surcroît, which is even more formal than en outre. Using de surcroît at the end of a sentence is a very high-level move.

Outre vs. Sans compter: 'Sans compter' (not counting/let alone) is used to emphasize that the additional item is even more significant than the previous ones. 'Outre' is more neutral and simply lists items as being on the same level of importance.

Outre sa carrière, il se consacre entièrement à sa famille.

Comparison Table: 1. Outre: Formal, prepositional. 2. En plus de: Common, versatile. 3. En outre: Formal, adverbial. 4. De surcroît: Very formal, adverbial. 5. Au-delà de: Physical/metaphorical distance.

Il a été puni pour avoir passé outre les consignes de sécurité.

Outre l'aspect financier, le projet présente des risques techniques.

Sa réputation s'étend bien outre-Atlantique.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'outre' is the ancestor of the English word 'outrage' (via the Old French 'outrage' meaning an excess).

发音指南

UK /u.tʁ/

US /u.tʁə/

The stress is on the first syllable, as French words usually have final-syllable stress, but this is a single-syllable word.

押韵词

poutre (beam) loutre (otter) coutre (coulter) foutre (vulgar verb) vautre (slump) apôtre (apostle - partial rhyme) nôtre (ours - partial rhyme) vôtre (yours - partial rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'ou' like the 'ou' in 'out'. In French, it is always 'oo'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'autre' (/otʁ/).
Dropping the 'tr' sound at the end.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in newspapers and books, easy to recognize.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal syntax and avoiding 'outre de'.

口语 4/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal.

听力 3/5

Easy to hear, but can be confused with 'autre'.

接下来学什么

前置知识

en plus de aussi mer autre

接下来学习

de surcroît par-delà nonobstant

高级

outre-tombe passer outre

需要掌握的语法

Prepositional usage

Outre + noun (no 'de').

Adverbial usage

En outre, + sentence.

Conjunction usage

Outre que + clause.

Verb construction

Passer outre à + noun.

Adverbial locution

Adjective + outre mesure.

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按水平分级的例句

Il a une voiture et, en outre, un vélo.

He has a car and, furthermore, a bike.

'En outre' is used here as a simple addition.

Elle parle français et en outre anglais.

She speaks French and furthermore English.

Adding a second skill.

C'est un beau pays. En outre, les gens sont gentils.

It's a beautiful country. Furthermore, the people are kind.

Connecting two positive sentences.

Il fait chaud. En outre, il y a du soleil.

It's hot. Furthermore, it's sunny.

Adding weather details.

J'ai un chien. En outre, j'ai deux chats.

I have a dog. Furthermore, I have two cats.

Listing pets.

Le livre est intéressant. En outre, il est court.

The book is interesting. Furthermore, it is short.

Adding a second quality to an object.

Il mange une pomme et en outre une banane.

He eats an apple and furthermore a banana.

Simple addition of objects.

Je vais au cinéma. En outre, je vais au restaurant.

I'm going to the cinema. Furthermore, I'm going to the restaurant.

Listing planned activities.

Outre-mer, le climat est tropical.

Overseas, the climate is tropical.

'Outre-mer' refers to French overseas territories.

Il étudie le piano. En outre, il chante très bien.

He studies the piano. Furthermore, he sings very well.

Using 'en outre' to connect two skills.

Outre son travail, elle fait du sport.

Besides her work, she does sports.

'Outre' + noun meaning 'besides.'

La France a des territoires en outre-mer.

France has territories overseas.

Noun usage of 'outre-mer.'

Il est gentil. En outre, il est très intelligent.

He is kind. Furthermore, he is very intelligent.

Standard adverbial use of 'en outre.'

Outre la pluie, il y avait beaucoup de vent.

Besides the rain, there was a lot of wind.

'Outre' followed by a noun for addition.

Nous avons visité Paris. En outre, nous sommes allés à Lyon.

We visited Paris. Furthermore, we went to Lyon.

Connecting two past events.

Outre les fruits, j'ai acheté des légumes.

Besides the fruits, I bought vegetables.

'Outre' used for listing items.

Il ne faut pas s'inquiéter outre mesure.

One should not worry excessively.

'Outre mesure' is a fixed expression meaning 'excessively.'

Outre sa passion pour l'art, il s'intéresse à l'histoire.

Besides his passion for art, he is interested in history.

Formal prepositional use.

Le projet est coûteux. En outre, il prendra du temps.

The project is expensive. Furthermore, it will take time.

Transitioning between two negative aspects.

Les relations outre-Manche sont complexes.

Relations across the Channel (with the UK) are complex.

'Outre-Manche' is a journalistic term for the UK.

Outre le fait qu'il soit tard, je suis fatigué.

Besides the fact that it's late, I'm tired.

'Outre le fait que' introduces a clause.

Elle a réussi l'examen. En outre, elle a eu la meilleure note.

She passed the exam. Furthermore, she got the best grade.

Outre les avantages, il y a des inconvénients.

Besides the advantages, there are disadvantages.

Il a voyagé outre-Atlantique l'année dernière.

He traveled across the Atlantic last year.

'Outre-Atlantique' refers to the USA/Americas.

Le directeur a décidé de passer outre à ces recommandations.

The director decided to disregard these recommendations.

'Passer outre à' means to bypass or ignore.

Outre ses fonctions de maire, il est aussi député.

Besides his duties as mayor, he is also a deputy.

Formal listing of professional roles.

Il n'est pas nécessaire de s'alarmer outre mesure pour ce retard.

It is not necessary to be excessively alarmed by this delay.

Les investissements outre-Rhin sont en forte progression.

Investments across the Rhine (in Germany) are growing strongly.

'Outre-Rhin' is a standard term for Germany.

Outre qu'elle est talentueuse, elle travaille sans relâche.

Besides the fact that she is talented, she works tirelessly.

'Outre que' + indicative/subjunctive depending on nuance.

Nous avons décidé de passer outre les difficultés techniques.

We decided to bypass the technical difficulties.

Outre les problèmes de logistique, la météo était mauvaise.

In addition to logistics problems, the weather was bad.

La loi s'applique également aux territoires d'outre-mer.

The law also applies to overseas territories.

L'auteur explore les thèmes de la vie et de l'outre-tombe.

The author explores themes of life and the beyond.

'Outre-tombe' is a literary term for 'beyond the grave.'

Passer outre à une décision de justice est un délit grave.

Disregarding a court decision is a serious offense.

Legal usage of 'passer outre à.'

Outre la dimension esthétique, l'œuvre possède une portée politique.

Besides the aesthetic dimension, the work has a political significance.

Il ne faut pas se réjouir outre mesure de ce succès éphémère.

One should not rejoice excessively over this fleeting success.

L'influence de ce penseur s'étend bien outre-Atlantique.

This thinker's influence extends well across the Atlantic.

Outre qu'il conteste les faits, il refuse de coopérer.

Besides the fact that he contests the facts, he refuses to cooperate.

Le gouvernement a passé outre l'avis du Conseil d'État.

The government bypassed the opinion of the Council of State.

Cette mesure, outre son coût, semble difficile à mettre en œuvre.

This measure, besides its cost, seems difficult to implement.

Les 'Mémoires d'outre-tombe' de Chateaubriand sont un chef-d'œuvre.

Chateaubriand's 'Memoirs from Beyond the Grave' are a masterpiece.

Le préfet a le pouvoir de passer outre à certaines délibérations.

The prefect has the power to override certain deliberations.

Outre la rigueur scientifique, l'ouvrage brille par son élégance.

Besides scientific rigor, the work shines with its elegance.

Il s'est offusqué outre mesure d'une remarque pourtant anodine.

He took excessive offense at a remark that was nonetheless harmless.

La politique d'outre-mer reste un sujet de débat constitutionnel.

Overseas policy remains a subject of constitutional debate.

Outre que le traité soit caduc, ses termes sont inapplicables.

Besides the fact that the treaty is null and void, its terms are inapplicable.

On ne saurait passer outre aux exigences de la morale publique.

One cannot disregard the requirements of public morality.

Outre les considérations éthiques, le profit reste le moteur principal.

Besides ethical considerations, profit remains the main driver.

常见搭配

Outre mesure

Passer outre

Outre-mer

Outre-Manche

Outre-Atlantique

Outre-Rhin

Outre-tombe

En outre

Outre que

Outre cela

常用短语

Passer outre

— To ignore or bypass a rule or obstacle.

Il a passé outre les ordres.

Outre mesure

— Excessively or more than necessary.

Il ne faut pas manger outre mesure.

En outre

— Furthermore or moreover.

En outre, le projet est fini.

Outre-mer

— Referring to territories across the sea.

Je pars en outre-mer.

Outre-Manche

— Referring to the United Kingdom.

Il vit outre-Manche.

Outre-Atlantique

— Referring to the United States or Americas.

C'est un succès outre-Atlantique.

Outre-Rhin

— Referring to Germany.

Le modèle outre-Rhin est différent.

Outre que

— Besides the fact that.

Outre qu'il pleut, il fait froid.

Mémoires d'outre-tombe

— Memories from beyond the grave (famous book title).

J'ai lu les Mémoires d'outre-tombe.

Sans s'inquiéter outre mesure

— Without being too worried.

Il est parti sans s'inquiéter outre mesure.

容易混淆的词

outre vs autre

'Autre' means 'other'. 'Outre' means 'besides'.

outre vs entre

'Entre' means 'between'. 'Outre' means 'beyond/besides'.

outre vs en outre

'En outre' is an adverb (furthermore), 'outre' is a preposition (besides).

习语与表达

"Passer outre à quelque chose"

— To deliberately ignore a warning or a prohibition.

Le conducteur a passé outre au feu rouge.

formal

"Ne pas s'alarmer outre mesure"

— To stay calm and not overreact to a situation.

L'infirmière nous a dit de ne pas nous alarmer outre mesure.

neutral

"D'outre-tombe"

— Coming from the dead or published after death.

Une voix d'outre-tombe nous a glacé le sang.

literary

"Outre-Manche"

— A metonymy for the UK, used in news.

Le premier ministre s'est rendu outre-Manche.

journalistic

"Outre-Atlantique"

— A metonymy for the USA, used in news.

La mode vient souvent d'outre-Atlantique.

journalistic

"Outre-Rhin"

— A metonymy for Germany, used in news.

On observe une croissance outre-Rhin.

journalistic

"Outre mesure"

— Beyond what is reasonable or expected.

Il est fier outre mesure de son fils.

neutral

"Passer outre les convenances"

— To disregard social etiquette or norms.

Il a passé outre les convenances lors du dîner.

formal

"Terres d'outre-mer"

— A common way to refer to France's global territories.

Les terres d'outre-mer sont magnifiques.

formal

"Outre que..."

— Used to stack multiple reasons or facts.

Outre qu'il est cher, ce sac est moche.

neutral

容易混淆

outre vs autre

Similar sound and spelling.

'Autre' is an adjective/pronoun meaning 'other'. 'Outre' is a preposition.

Donne-moi l'autre livre. Outre ce livre, j'en veux un autre.

outre vs entre

Both are prepositions starting with a vowel and ending in 're'.

'Entre' indicates a position between two things. 'Outre' indicates addition or beyond.

Entre toi et moi. Outre toi, il y a lui.

outre vs en plus de

Same meaning.

'En plus de' is neutral/informal. 'Outre' is formal/literary.

En plus de ça... Outre cela...

outre vs au-delà de

Both can mean 'beyond'.

'Au-delà de' is for physical distance. 'Outre' is for addition or fixed geography.

Au-delà de la mer. Outre-mer.

outre vs outré

Same root.

'Outré' is an adjective meaning shocked or exaggerated.

Je suis outré par son comportement.

句型

S + V. En outre, S + V.

Il pleut. En outre, il fait froid.

Outre + Noun, S + V.

Outre le pain, j'ai acheté du lait.

Ne pas + V + outre mesure.

Ne ris pas outre mesure.

Passer outre à + Noun.

Il a passé outre à l'interdiction.

Outre que + Clause, S + V.

Outre qu'il est riche, il est généreux.

Outre + Noun, [Clause].

Outre la forme, le fond est excellent.

S + est + Adj + outre mesure.

Il est fier outre mesure.

Passer outre (absolute).

L'obstacle est là, mais il passera outre.

词族

名词

outre (goatskin bottle)

动词

outrer (to outrage/exaggerate)

形容词

outré (outraged/excessive)

如何使用

frequency

Common in written French, medium in spoken French.

常见错误

Outre de mes amis. → Outre mes amis.
'Outre' is a preposition that does not require 'de'.
Outre, je suis fatigué. → En outre, je suis fatigué.
'Outre' cannot be used as a standalone adverb; use 'en outre'.
Il a passé outre sur l'avis. → Il a passé outre à l'avis.
The verb 'passer outre' requires the preposition 'à' when followed by an object.
Il est fier outre-mesure. → Il est fier outre mesure.
There is no hyphen between 'outre' and 'mesure'.
L'outre livre est là. → L'autre livre est là.
Confusing 'outre' (besides) with 'autre' (other).

小贴士

No 'de' needed

Remember that 'outre' is a preposition that works alone. Unlike 'en plus de' or 'à côté de', you don't need a 'de' before the noun.

Formal transitions

Use 'en outre' at the beginning of a sentence in your essays to sound more academic than using 'aussi'.

Geography hack

Whenever you see 'outre-' followed by a place, it means 'the other side of'. Outre-Manche = UK, Outre-Rhin = Germany.

Advice phrase

Memorize 'Ne t'inquiète pas outre mesure'. It's a very natural way to tell someone not to overthink things.

Book titles

If you see 'outre-tombe', think of ghosts or things happening after death. It's a very common literary theme.

Outre vs Autre

Double-check your spelling! 'Autre' (other) and 'outre' (besides) are very different.

Passer outre

Use 'passer outre' in business meetings to show you are moving past a minor problem. 'Passons outre ce détail.'

Latin link

Connect 'outre' to 'ultra' in your mind. Both mean going beyond the current limit.

Register check

Use 'outre' in a cover letter to list skills. It shows you have a high level of French.

Listen for the 'ou'

Focus on the 'oo' sound. If it's 'oh', it's 'autre'. If it's 'oo', it's 'outre'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'outre' as 'outer'. It refers to things on the outer side of a boundary or outer additions to a list.

视觉联想

Imagine a map with a line. 'Outre' is everything on the other side of that line or things stacked on top of it.

Word Web

Addition Beyond Overseas Ignore Excessive Furthermore UK USA

挑战

Try to write three sentences about your hobbies using 'outre' as a preposition, 'en outre' as a connector, and 'outre mesure' as an adverb.

词源

Derived from the Latin 'ultra', which means 'beyond' or 'on the other side'.

原始含义： Beyond a physical boundary.

Romance (Latin)

文化背景

When using 'outre-mer', be aware of the complex colonial history associated with these territories.

English speakers often use 'besides' or 'moreover'. 'Outre' is the direct equivalent of these in formal French.

'Mémoires d'outre-tombe' by François-René de Chateaubriand. The 'Ministère des Outre-mer' in the French government.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Journalism

outre-Manche
outre-Atlantique
outre-mer
outre les critiques

Legal/Administrative

passer outre
outre les clauses
passer outre à une décision

Academic Writing

en outre
outre cet aspect
outre le fait que

Daily Advice

ne pas s'inquiéter outre mesure
ne pas s'alarmer outre mesure

Geography

territoires d'outre-mer
départements d'outre-mer

对话开场白

"Qu'est-ce que vous aimez faire, outre votre travail ?"

"Avez-vous déjà voyagé dans les territoires d'outre-mer ?"

"Que pensez-vous de la situation politique outre-Atlantique ?"

"Est-ce que vous vous inquiétez outre mesure pour l'avenir ?"

"Outre le français, quelles langues aimeriez-vous apprendre ?"

日记主题

Décrivez vos passions, outre votre activité principale.

Avez-vous déjà dû passer outre un obstacle difficile ?

Réfléchissez à une fois où vous vous êtes inquiété outre mesure.

Quels sont les avantages de vivre outre-mer selon vous ?

Comparez la vie en France et outre-Manche.

常见问题

10 个问题

Mostly yes, but in geographical terms like 'outre-mer', it means 'beyond' or 'across'. In 'passer outre', it means to bypass.

It is always 'outre' followed directly by a noun. Never add 'de' after the preposition 'outre'.

'Outre' is a preposition (needs a noun). 'En outre' is an adverb (used as a transition word, usually followed by a comma).

It might sound a bit too formal. 'En plus' is much more common in casual texting.

It means to ignore or disregard a rule, an objection, or an obstacle and proceed anyway.

Yes, it is used in formal Canadian French, just like in France.

It is a standard French guttural 'r'. It should be soft and almost silent at the end of the word.

No, that is 'autre'. They are different words with different meanings.

It refers to the French overseas departments and territories like Reunion, Martinique, etc.

Not necessarily, but it is often used to suggest that a reaction is 'too much' or 'excessive'.

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