B1 noun 中性 #4,000 最常用 2分钟阅读

落ち込み

ochikomi /ot͡ɕikomi/
开始练习 笔记与提示

Overview

The Japanese word '落ち込み' (ochikomi) encapsulates a range of negative emotional and situational states, making its direct translation somewhat nuanced depending on the context. At its core, it signifies a 'dip' or a 'fall' from a previous, more positive state. Understanding its various applications is key to grasping its full meaning.

Primarily, '落ち込み' is used to describe a state of emotional downturn, often translated as 'depression,' 'feeling down,' or 'melancholy.' This refers to a temporary or prolonged period of sadness, discouragement, or low spirits. It can stem from various causes, such as personal setbacks, professional failures, or general feelings of hopelessness. In this emotional sense, it's a common human experience, and acknowledging it is often the first step towards recovery. For example, one might say 「最近、仕事でうまくいかなくて、落ち込み気味だ。」 (Saikin, shigoto de umaku ikanakute, ochikomi-gimi da.), meaning 'Lately, things haven't been going well at work, and I'm feeling a bit down.'

Beyond emotional states, '落ち込み' can also refer to a 'slump' or a 'decline' in performance, quality, or activity. This usage is particularly common in areas like business, sports, or academics. For instance, a company might experience an 「業績の落ち込み」 (gyouseki no ochikomi), an 'earnings slump,' indicating a decrease in profits or sales. A baseball player might be in a 「打撃の落ち込み」 (dageki no ochikomi), a 'batting slump,' where their performance at the plate has significantly decreased. This broader application highlights the word's versatility in describing any noticeable downward trend.

Furthermore, '落ち込み' can sometimes denote a physical 'indentation' or 'recession' in a surface. While less common than its emotional or performance-related uses, it's a valid interpretation in specific contexts. For example, a dent in a car might be described as an '落ち込み'.

It's important to note the cultural context surrounding '落ち込み.' While it's generally understood and expressed, there isn't always the same emphasis on openly discussing mental health struggles as in some Western cultures. Therefore, while the word exists, the way it's used and responded to can vary. Overall, '落ち込み' is a versatile and commonly used term in Japanese, reflecting a spectrum of negative states, from personal emotions to broader performance declines.

例句

1

最近、仕事で大きなミスをしてしまって、かなり落ち込んでいます。

Describes a personal feeling of sadness due to an incident.

I made a big mistake at work recently and I'm feeling quite down.

2

試験の結果が悪くて、しばらく落ち込んでいた。

Refers to a period of feeling down or low spirits.

The exam results were bad, and I was in a slump for a while.

3

チーム全体に落ち込みが見られる。

Describes a collective low morale or dip in performance.

The whole team seems to be in a slump.

4

季節の変わり目になると、気持ちが落ち込みやすくなる。

Relates to a recurring feeling of sadness often linked to environmental factors.

When the seasons change, I tend to feel down easily.

5

彼女の顔には深い落ち込みが表れていた。

Describes a visible manifestation of sadness or distress.

Deep depression was evident on her face.

常见搭配

気持ちが落ち込む (kimochi ga ochikomu - to feel down)
落ち込みから立ち直る (ochikomi kara tachinaoru - to recover from a slump)
一時的な落ち込み (ichijiteki na ochikomi - temporary slump)
経済の落ち込み (keizai no ochikomi - economic downturn)

容易混淆的词

落ち込み vs w

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语法模式

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如何使用

The term 'ochikomi' (落ち込み) is a versatile noun that can describe a range of negative emotional states, from a temporary feeling of sadness or being 'down' to a more prolonged slump or even depression. It can refer to an individual's mood ('気が落ち込む' - to feel down) or a general downturn in a situation, such as an economic slump ('景気の落ち込み'). When describing a personal emotional state, it's often used colloquially and can be expressed with varying degrees of seriousness. For example, 'ちょっと落ち込んでいる' means 'I'm a bit down,' while 'ひどく落ち込んでいる' suggests a deeper level of sadness or despair. It's also used to describe a decrease or decline in performance or morale, like '成績の落ち込み' (a drop in grades) or 'チームの士気の落ち込み' (a slump in team morale). The context usually clarifies the intensity and specific nuance of 'ochikomi'.

常见错误

A common mistake for learners is confusing 落ち込み (ochikomi) with similar-sounding but different words, or using it in contexts where a more specific term might be appropriate. For instance, while 落ち込み can describe a general feeling of being down, for clinical depression, the term うつ病 (utsubyō) is used. Another mistake is directly translating 'depression' into 落ち込み in all situations, as 落ち込み often implies a temporary state or a slump rather than a chronic condition. Also, pay attention to the nuance; 落ち込み can refer to a dip in a graph or a physical indentation, so context is key. Avoid using it as a verb directly; instead, use 落ち込む (ochikomu) for 'to get depressed' or 'to feel down.' For example, 彼は最近落ち込んでいる (Kare wa saikin ochikonde iru) means 'He's been feeling down lately.'

小贴士

💡

Understand the Nuance of Ochikomi

'Ochikomi' (落ち込み) goes beyond simple sadness. It often describes a prolonged state of feeling down, a slump, or even a mild form of depression. It can refer to a dip in mood, a decline in performance, or a general feeling of being disheartened. Understanding this breadth helps in choosing appropriate responses and actions. While it can be temporary, persistent 'ochikomi' might indicate a need for professional support.

💡

Be Mindful of Social Context and Directness

In Japanese culture, openly discussing feelings of 'ochikomi' can be sensitive. Direct questions like 'Are you depressed?' might be too strong. Instead, use softer, more indirect approaches. Observe body language, changes in behavior, or subtle cues. Offer support by asking 'Are you alright?' (Daijoubu desu ka?) or 'You seem a little down lately, is everything okay?' (Saikin, chotto ochikomi-gimi desu ne, nani ka arimashita ka?).

💡

Offer Practical Support and Encourage Connection

When someone is experiencing 'ochikomi,' practical support can be very helpful. This could include offering to listen without judgment, suggesting a pleasant activity together (like a walk or a meal), or helping with daily tasks if they seem overwhelmed. Encourage them to maintain social connections, as isolation can worsen feelings of a slump. If the 'ochikomi' seems severe or prolonged, gently suggest seeking advice from a doctor or counselor, framing it as a way to explore options and find coping strategies.

词源

The word 落ち込み (ochikomi) is derived from the verb 落ち込む (ochikomu), which means 'to feel down, to be depressed, to sink, to fall into.' The verb itself is a compound of two elements: 落ちる (ochiru), meaning 'to fall, to drop,' and 込む (komu), a suffix that can indicate 'to go into, to enter deeply, to be crowded, to be filled.' The literal interpretation of 落ち込む could be seen as 'to fall deeply' or 'to fall into oneself,' which vividly describes the feeling of depression or a slump. The kanji 落ち (ochi) comes from 落 (raku), meaning 'to fall, to drop, to descend.' The kanji 込 (komi) comes from 込 (komu), meaning 'to be crowded, to be packed, to go into.' Historically, the concept of feeling down or experiencing a slump has been present in Japanese language and literature for centuries, though the specific word 落ち込み in its modern usage and nuance likely solidified over time with the evolution of spoken Japanese. The nominalized form 落ち込み (ochikomi) serves as a noun to refer to the state or act of falling into such a condition. This linguistic construction is common in Japanese, where the stem of a verb can be used as a noun, often with an 'i' ending for intransitive verbs or when conveying a state or result. Over time, as psychological understanding developed and mental states became more explicitly discussed, words like 落ち込み gained broader currency to describe these experiences. It is a versatile term that can refer to a temporary dip in mood or performance, as well as a more serious and prolonged state of depression, depending on the context in which it is used. Its connection to the physical act of 'falling' provides a strong and intuitive metaphor for the experience it describes.

文化背景

The Japanese word 'ochikomi' (落ち込み) carries a significant cultural weight, often reflecting not just personal sadness but also societal pressures and expectations. In a culture that values stoicism and perseverance, openly expressing 'ochikomi' might be less common than in some Western societies. However, it's a widely recognized and understood state, particularly in the context of work-related stress (karoshi) or academic pressures. There's a subtle distinction in how it's perceived; while personal sadness is empathized with, a prolonged 'ochikomi' that affects one's duties might be viewed with concern regarding one's resilience. The concept is often discussed in self-help and mental wellness circles, emphasizing recovery and coping mechanisms to maintain societal harmony and personal well-being.

记忆技巧

Visualize 'ochikomi' (落ち込み) as someone literally falling (落ち ru) into a hole or a slump (込み mu), representing the feeling of being down. The 'o' sound can be a sigh, 'chi' like dropping, 'ko' like a heavy thud, and 'mi' like feeling small. So, 'o-chi-ko-mi' = sighing, dropping, thud, feeling small.

常见问题

4 个问题

'Ochikomi' (落ち込み) is a Japanese word that refers to a state of feeling down, depressed, or experiencing a slump. It can describe a temporary mood of sadness or discouragement, as well as a more prolonged period of low spirits or a decline in performance or morale. It encompasses both emotional states and situational downturns.

In conversation, 'ochikomi' is often used to express that someone is feeling down or experiencing a difficult period. For example, '彼は最近、仕事で落ち込んでいる' (Kare wa saikin, shigoto de ochikonde iru) means 'He's been feeling down about work lately.' It can also describe a dip in something, like '売り上げが落ち込みました' (Uriage ga ochikomimashita) meaning 'Sales have slumped.'

Yes, 'ochikomi' can vary in intensity and duration. It can be a mild, fleeting feeling of sadness after a minor disappointment, or it can be a deeper, more persistent sense of depression that impacts daily life. It can also refer to a temporary setback or decline in various aspects, such as academic performance, business, or even physical condition.

Coping with 'ochikomi' often involves self-care, seeking support, and addressing the root cause. This might include talking to friends or family, engaging in hobbies, getting enough rest, exercising, or seeking professional help if the feelings are persistent or severe. Breaking down tasks into smaller steps can also help when facing a slump.

自我测试

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最近、仕事でプロジェクトがうまくいかなくて、少し__です。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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試験に失敗してから、彼女はしばらく__から立ち直れなかった。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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季節の変わり目は、なぜか__を感じやすい。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

得分： /3

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