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苛立ち

B1 noun #8,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

苛立ち

iradachi 前8,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 苛立ち 30秒了解

解析 苛立ち in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '苛立ち' (iradachi) yet. It is a bit too complex for beginners. Instead, you usually learn words like '怒る' (okoru - to be angry) or '悲しい' (kanashii - to be sad). However, you might hear people say 'いらいら' (ira-ira) in simple contexts. Imagine you are waiting for a bus and it is late. You might feel a little 'ira-ira.' This is the basic feeling that later becomes the noun '苛立ち.' At this stage, focus on the feeling of being 'not happy' because something is taking too long. You can think of it as 'bad feelings when waiting.' You won't see the kanji 苛 yet, as it is quite difficult. Just remember that in Japanese, there are special words for the feeling of being annoyed when things are slow. Learning this word later will help you sound more grown-up and precise. For now, just know it exists as a way to say 'I'm annoyed' in a more formal way than 'ira-ira.'

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more about feelings beyond the basics. You might encounter the verb '苛立つ' (iradatsu) or the noun '苛立ち' (iradachi) in simple stories or news for learners. This word is specifically for when you feel 'prickly' or 'impatient.' For example, if your internet is very slow, you feel '苛立ち.' It is different from being 'mad' at a person; it is more about being 'annoyed' by a situation. You should practice using it with the verb '感じる' (kanjiru - to feel). For example: '私は苛立ちを感じます' (I feel irritation). You might also see it in descriptions of characters in manga who are tapping their feet or looking grumpy. It is a very useful word for daily life because small irritations happen every day! Try to notice when you feel 'ira-ira' and remember that the formal name for that feeling is '苛立ち.' This will help you bridge the gap between simple 'child-like' Japanese and more 'adult-like' Japanese as you move toward the B1 level.

免费注册阅读完整解释

As a B1 learner, '苛立ち' (iradachi) is a key vocabulary word for you. At this level, you are expected to describe your emotions and experiences in more detail. 苛立ち allows you to distinguish between 'anger' (怒り) and 'irritation' or 'frustration.' You should be able to use it in sentences like '渋滞で苛立ちが募る' (Frustration builds up in the traffic jam). You will also start to see the kanji 苛, which is important for reading newspapers or novels. At B1, you should also learn common collocations like '苛立ちを隠す' (to hide irritation) and '苛立ちをぶつける' (to take out frustration on someone). This word is very common in workplace settings and social discussions in Japan. Understanding the nuance—that it is a 'prickly,' impatient kind of annoyance—will help you understand Japanese social cues better. For example, if a Japanese person says they feel '苛立ち,' they are often being quite honest about a stressful situation without being overly aggressive. It is a 'safe' way to express negative feelings in a semi-formal context.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '苛立ち' (iradachi) in various grammatical structures and understanding its deeper nuances. You should recognize that it often stems from a lack of control over a situation. You can use it to discuss social issues, such as '若者の政治への苛立ち' (young people's frustration with politics). You should also be able to distinguish it from similar-sounding or similar-meaning words like '焦燥感' (shousoukan - impatience/anxiety) or '憤り' (ikidouri - indignation). At this level, you can use 苛立ち to add flavor to your writing and speaking, making your descriptions of people's inner lives more vivid. You might also notice how authors use this word to build tension in a narrative. For instance, a character's '抑えきれない苛立ち' (uncontrollable irritation) might lead to a major conflict in a story. You should also be aware of the verb form '苛立たせる' (iradattaseru - to irritate someone), which is the causative form, allowing you to say 'He irritates me' (彼は私を苛立たせる).

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For C1 learners, '苛立ち' (iradachi) is a word that you should not only know but also be able to analyze in terms of its psychological and cultural implications. You will encounter it in high-level literature, academic papers on psychology, and sophisticated editorial writing. You should understand how 苛立ち can be used as a metaphor for broader societal friction or the 'malaise' of modern life. At this level, you can explore the relationship between 苛立ち and other complex emotions like '虚無感' (kyomukan - sense of emptiness) or '葛藤' (kattou - conflict/struggle). You should also be familiar with more obscure idioms or literary expressions that involve irritation. In professional settings, you might use 苛立ち to analyze consumer behavior or employee morale in a nuanced way. For example, 'システムの不備がユーザーの苛立ちを誘発している' (The system's deficiencies are inducing user frustration). Your ability to use this word in the correct register—knowing when to use the noun versus the onomatopoeic 'いらいら'—is a hallmark of your advanced proficiency.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '苛立ち' (iradachi) should be near-native. You understand the subtle 'prickliness' implied by the kanji 苛 and how it connects to historical and literary contexts. You can appreciate how different authors use this specific word to convey a character's unique psychological profile—perhaps a character who is prone to 苛立ち is seen as meticulous but fragile. You can use the word in complex, multi-clause sentences that discuss the philosophy of emotion or the sociology of urban stress. You are also aware of how 苛立ち interacts with Japanese concepts of 'honne' (true feelings) and 'tatemae' (public face), and how the suppression of 苛立ち is a significant theme in Japanese interpersonal dynamics. Whether you are translating a difficult text or engaging in a high-level debate, you use 苛立ち with precision, selecting it over synonyms with perfect accuracy to match the intended tone and intensity. You might even use it in creative writing to evoke a specific atmosphere of restless tension that is uniquely captured by this Japanese term.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

苛立ち 30秒了解

苛立ち (Iradachi) is a Japanese noun meaning irritation or frustration, specifically focusing on the prickly feeling of impatience when things are delayed or blocked.
It is commonly paired with verbs like 'oboeru' (to feel), 'tsunoru' (to build up), and 'osaeru' (to suppress) in professional and daily contexts.
Unlike intense anger, it describes a simmering, restless annoyance often caused by inefficiency or external obstacles rather than personal insults.
The word is essential for B1 learners to describe internal emotional states more precisely than the basic 'ira ira' onomatopoeia used in casual speech.

The Japanese word 苛立ち (いらだち - iradachi) is a nuanced noun that captures the specific internal state of irritation, frustration, or impatience. At its core, it describes a restless, prickly feeling that arises when things are not progressing as quickly or as smoothly as one desires. Unlike explosive anger (怒り - ikari), 苛立ち is often a simmering emotion, a sense of being 'on edge' or 'fretful' because of external delays or internal pressures. It is classified at the CEFR B1 level because while the concept is universal, the specific usage patterns and the kanji associated with it require a bit more than basic foundational knowledge. In Japanese culture, expressing 苛立ち is often done subtly, as maintaining social harmony is paramount. However, the word is frequently used in literature, news, and daily conversations to describe the psychological state of a person facing obstacles.

Etymological Nuance: The kanji 苛 (ka) carries meanings of 'harsh,' 'severe,' or 'prickly.' When combined with the concept of 'rising' or 'standing' (from the verb 苛立つ), it paints a literal picture of one's nerves or skin feeling as if they are being pricked by thorns. This physical sensation of discomfort is the root of the psychological irritation we call 苛立ち.
Daily Contexts: You will encounter this word in situations like waiting for a slow computer, standing in a long queue at the supermarket, or dealing with a colleague who repeats the same mistake. It is the 'itch' of the mind that cannot be easily scratched.

渋滞の中で、運転手は隠しきれない苛立ちを見せた。(Juutai no naka de, untenshu wa kakushikirenai iradachi o miseta.)
Translation: In the traffic jam, the driver showed an irritation that he couldn't fully hide.

Understanding 苛立ち requires recognizing its relationship with time and expectations. It is the emotion of the 'gap'—the gap between how fast you want to go and how fast you are actually moving. In a high-pressure society like Japan, where punctuality and efficiency are highly valued, 苛立ち is a common psychological theme. It is often paired with verbs like 募る (tsunoru - to grow stronger/build up) or 抑える (osaeru - to suppress/hold back), reflecting how people manage this internal tension.

Psychological Depth: Psychologically, 苛立ち is linked to a lack of control. When a person feels they cannot influence their environment to achieve a goal, the resulting friction manifests as this specific noun. It is less about the person causing the delay and more about the subject's internal reaction to the delay itself.

返信が来ないことへの苛立ちが、彼を不安にさせた。(Henshin ga konai koto e no iradachi ga, kare o fuan ni saseta.)
Translation: The frustration of not getting a reply made him anxious.

In summary, 苛立ち is the quintessential word for that 'nagging' frustration. It is the sound of a ticking clock when you are late, the spinning wheel of a buffering video, and the heavy sigh of someone waiting for a slow elevator. By mastering this word, you gain a tool to describe a significant portion of the human experience in a modern, fast-paced world.

Using 苛立ち correctly involves understanding its grammatical function as a noun and its common verbal pairings. Since it describes an internal state, it often functions as the object of a verb or the subject of a sentence describing an emotional change. The most common particle associated with it is 'を' (o) when you are expressing or suppressing the feeling, and 'に' (ni) when identifying the cause of the irritation.

Common Verb Pairings

苛立ちを隠す (Iradachi o kakusu): To hide one's irritation.
苛立ちを覚える (Iradachi o oboeru): To feel/experience irritation.
苛立ちをぶつける (Iradachi o butsukeru): To take one's frustration out on someone.
苛立ちが募る (Iradachi ga tsunoru): For irritation to grow or intensify.

彼女は無理に笑顔を作って、心の底にある苛立ちを隠した。(Kanojo wa muri ni egao o tsukutte, kokoro no soko ni aru iradachi o kakushita.)
Translation: She forced a smile and hid the irritation deep in her heart.

When you want to describe the *source* of the irritation, you use the pattern [Cause] + への (e no) + 苛立ち. For example, '政府への苛立ち' (frustration toward the government). This allows for complex sentence structures where the emotion is linked directly to a specific grievance. It is also common to see it used with the verb 抑える (osaeru - to suppress), which highlights the Japanese cultural emphasis on emotional self-control.

Sentence Structure: Expressing Intensity: To describe intense irritation, you can use adjectives like '激しい' (hageshii - intense) or '抑えきれない' (osaekirenai - uncontrollable). This adds depth to the emotional landscape you are painting in Japanese.

繰り返される不手際に、顧客の苛立ちは頂点に達した。(Kurikaesareru futeji ni, kokyaku no iradachi wa chouten ni tasshita.)
Translation: Due to repeated blunders, the customer's frustration reached its peak.

Finally, remember that 苛立ち is often used in the context of 'wasted time' or 'inefficiency.' If you are annoyed because someone is being mean, you might use 腹が立つ (hara ga tatsu). But if you are annoyed because someone is being *slow*, 苛立ち is the perfect choice. This distinction is key for sounding natural to native speakers.

The word 苛立ち is ubiquitous in Japanese society, appearing in news reports, business settings, and creative media like anime and novels. Because it describes a state of tension, it is a favorite for writers who want to build suspense or characterize a protagonist under pressure. In real-life Japanese conversation, however, you might hear it more often in the third person or in formal reflections rather than as a direct exclamation.

In the Workplace: In a Japanese office, 苛立ち might be used in a post-meeting debrief. A manager might say, 'プロジェクトの遅れに対するチーム内の苛立ちを感じる' (I sense the team's frustration regarding the project delay). It sounds more professional and analytical than saying everyone is 'angry.'
In News and Media: News anchors frequently use the term when discussing public sentiment. You'll hear phrases like '市民の苛立ち' (citizens' frustration) regarding rising prices, political scandals, or slow government responses to disasters.

「もういい加減にしてくれ！」と、彼は苛立ちをあらわにした。(「Mou iikagen ni shite kure!」to, kare wa iradachi o arawa ni shita.)
Translation: "Enough already!" he said, making his irritation plain to see.

In anime and manga, 苛立ち is a key character trait for 'tsundere' characters or high-strung rivals. It is often visualized with a specific 'anger mark' (the four-pointed cross symbol on the forehead or hand). When a character is tapping their foot impatiently or clicking a pen rapidly, the narrator or another character might comment on their 苛立ち. This makes the word essential for fans who want to understand character dynamics and internal monologues.

In Literature: Modern Japanese literature uses 苛立ち to explore the alienation of urban life. Writers like Haruki Murakami might use it to describe a character's reaction to a mundane but persistent problem, elevating a simple annoyance to a philosophical state of being.

都会の喧騒の中で、人々の苛立ちが静かに積み重なっていく。(Tokai no kensou no naka de, hitobito no iradachi ga shizuka ni tsumikasanatte iku.)
Translation: Amidst the hustle and bustle of the city, people's frustrations quietly pile up.

Whether it is the quiet frustration of a student studying for exams or the vocal irritation of a commuter during a train delay, 苛立ち is the word that bridges the gap between a minor inconvenience and a full-blown emotional outburst. It is the sound of the modern world's friction.

While 苛立ち is a versatile word, English speakers often make mistakes by overusing it in place of other 'anger' related terms or by misusing its grammatical structures. Understanding the boundaries of this word will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid awkward phrasing.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Anger' (怒り): English speakers often translate 'I am angry' as '苛立ちを感じる.' However, 苛立ち is specifically for *irritation* or *impatience*. If someone insults your family, you feel 怒り (ikari - anger/wrath), not 苛立ち. Using 苛立ち in a situation of serious moral outrage sounds too weak or misplaced.
Mistake 2: The 'Ira ira' Confusion: While 'いらいらする' (ira ira suru) is the common verb form for 'to be irritated,' learners sometimes try to use 苛立ち as a verb by saying '苛立ちする.' This is grammatically incorrect. You must use '苛立ちを覚える' (to feel irritation) or simply use the verb form '苛立つ' (iradatsu).

❌ 私は彼に苛立ちする。
✅ 私は彼に苛立ちを感じる。/ 彼は私を苛立たせる。

Another common error is failing to distinguish between 苛立ち and 焦燥感 (shousoukan - impatience/anxiety). 苛立ち usually has an external cause (a slow person, a loud noise), whereas 焦燥感 is an internal feeling of being rushed or behind schedule without necessarily being 'annoyed' at something. If you are worried about a deadline but not angry at anyone, 焦燥感 is more appropriate.

Mistake 3: Misusing the Particle 'に': Learners often use 'を' when they should use 'に' to identify the cause. You feel 苛立ち *at* something (〜に苛立ちを感じる). If you say '〜を苛立ちを感じる,' the sentence becomes nonsensical.

❌ 騒音を苛立ちを覚える。
✅ 騒音に苛立ちを覚える。

By paying attention to these distinctions, you can use 苛立ち to precisely describe the friction of daily life without sounding uneducated or overly aggressive. Remember: 苛立ち is about the 'prickly' feeling of things not going your way, not a declaration of war.

In Japanese, there are many ways to express annoyance, and choosing the right one depends on the intensity, the cause, and the social context. Comparing 苛立ち with its synonyms will help you refine your vocabulary and express yourself more accurately.

苛立ち vs. 焦燥感 (Shousoukan): 苛立ち is focused on irritation and the presence of an obstacle. 焦燥感 is the feeling of being 'fretted' by time or a lack of progress. If a train is late, you feel 苛立ち. If you haven't started your homework and it's due in an hour, you feel 焦燥感. One is 'annoyed,' the other is 'anxious/rushed.'
苛立ち vs. 憤り (Ikidouri): 憤り is a much stronger, more formal word meaning 'indignation' or 'resentment.' It is usually felt toward injustice or a moral failing. While 苛立ち is for minor daily hassles, 憤り is for social issues or betrayal.

Comparison:
1. 渋滞への苛立ち (Irritation at traffic).
2. 不正への憤り (Indignation at injustice).

Other useful alternatives include 不満 (fuman), which means dissatisfaction or a grievance, and 癪 (shaku), an idiomatic way to say something is 'galling' or 'aggravating.' 癪 is often used in the phrase '癪に障る' (shaku ni sawaru - to get on one's nerves). While 苛立ち is the state of the person, 癪 describes the quality of the thing that is causing the annoyance.

苛立ち vs. 憮然 (Buzen): 憮然 describes a state of being 'sullen' or 'disappointed and frustrated' simultaneously. It is an adverb/adjective that describes the *look* on someone's face when they are experiencing 苛立ち. If you are 苛立ち, you might look 憮然とした (buzen to shita).

彼は苛立ちを隠せず、不満げな表情を浮かべた。(Kare wa iradachi o kakusezu, fumange na hyoujou o ukabeta.)
Translation: He couldn't hide his irritation and wore a dissatisfied expression.

By learning these synonyms, you can navigate the complex emotional landscape of the Japanese language. Whether you need to describe a minor annoyance or a deep-seated social grievance, having the right word at your disposal will make your Japanese more expressive and precise.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The kanji '苛' is also used in the word '苛め' (ijime), which means bullying. This highlights the 'harsh' and 'stinging' nature of the root concept.

发音指南

UK /ɪ.ra.da.tʃi/

US /i.rɑ.dɑ.tʃi/

Japanese is a pitch-accent language. For 苛立ち, the pitch is typically flat or starts low and rises slightly, but it does not have a heavy stress on any single syllable.

押韵词

Tomodachi (friend) Katachi (shape) Inochi (life) Kimochi (feeling) Adachi (a name) Sudachi (a citrus) Higashi (east - near rhyme) Watashi (I - near rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' (keep it as a light tap).
Stressing the 'da' (Japanese syllables have equal length).
Making the 'i' at the end too long.
Pronouncing 'chi' as 'shi'.
Ignoring the glottal stop if it were a double consonant (though not present here, learners often over-correct).

难度评级

阅读 4/5

The kanji 苛 is not a Joyo kanji learned in early grades, making it slightly difficult for beginners.

写作 4/5

The kanji 苛 is complex to write correctly from memory.

口语 3/5

The pronunciation is simple, but choosing the right context is key.

听力 2/5

It is easy to hear and distinguish in clear speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

怒る (Okoru) 待つ (Matsu) 遅い (Osoi) 気持ち (Kimochi) 感じる (Kanjiru)

接下来学习

焦燥感 (Shousoukan) 憤り (Ikidouri) 葛藤 (Kattou) 忍耐 (Nintai) 抑制 (Yokusei)

高级

憮然 (Buzen) 慙愧 (Zanki) 忸怩 (Jikuji) 焦慮 (Shouryo) 憤慨 (Fungai)

需要掌握的语法

Noun + への + Noun

彼への苛立ち (Irritation toward him)

Verb (Stem) + ながら

苛立ちを抑えながら話す (Speak while suppressing irritation)

Noun + を + 覚える

苛立ちを覚える (To feel/experience irritation)

Noun + が + 募る

苛立ちが募る (Irritation builds up/intensifies)

Verb (Causative) + せる

人を苛立たせる (To make someone irritated)

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按水平分级的例句

バスが来なくて、少し苛立ちを感じました。

The bus didn't come, so I felt a little irritation.

A1 students can learn 'feel irritation' as a set phrase.

彼は苛立ちを見せました。

He showed irritation.

Simple Subject + Object + Verb structure.

苛立ちは良くないです。

Irritation is not good.

Using the noun as a subject.

待ち時間が長くて、苛立ちました。

The waiting time was long, and I got irritated.

Using the verb form 苛立つ in past tense.

苛立ちを隠します。

I hide my irritation.

Object + を + Verb.

あなたの苛立ちはわかります。

I understand your irritation.

Possessive + Noun.

苛立ちの原因は何ですか？

What is the cause of the irritation?

Noun + の + Noun (Compound).

苛立ちを抑えてください。

Please suppress your irritation.

Polite request form.

仕事が遅いことに苛立ちを覚えた。

I felt irritation at the slow work.

〜ことに + 苛立ちを覚える (to feel irritation at something).

彼女の苛立ちは顔に出ていた。

Her irritation was showing on her face.

顔に出る is a common idiom meaning 'to show on one's face'.

渋滞のせいで、みんな苛立ちがたまっている。

Because of the traffic jam, everyone's irritation is building up.

〜がたまっている means 'is accumulating'.

苛立ちを声に出してしまった。

I accidentally voiced my irritation.

〜てしまう indicates an accidental or regrettable action.

彼は苛立ちをぶつける相手を探していた。

He was looking for someone to take his frustration out on.

苛立ちをぶつける (to vent/take out frustration).

小さなミスに苛立ちを感じる必要はない。

There is no need to feel irritation at small mistakes.

〜する必要はない (no need to do...).

彼の言葉には苛立ちが含まれていた。

There was irritation contained in his words.

〜が含まれている (is contained/included).

苛立ちを解消するために散歩した。

I took a walk to relieve my irritation.

〜するために (in order to...).

繰り返される質問に、彼は隠しきれない苛立ちを見せた。

He showed an irritation he couldn't hide at the repeated questions.

隠しきれない (cannot fully hide).

計画が思い通りに進まないことへの苛立ちが募る。

Frustration toward the plan not progressing as expected is building up.

〜への苛立ち (frustration toward...). 募る (to grow/intensify).

彼女は苛立ちを抑えながら、冷静に話し続けた。

While suppressing her irritation, she continued to speak calmly.

〜ながら (while doing...). 抑える (to suppress).

周囲の無理解が、彼の苛立ちをさらに強くした。

The lack of understanding from those around him made his irritation even stronger.

無理解 (lack of understanding). 〜を強くする (to make stronger).

苛立ちのあまり、ペンを机に叩きつけてしまった。

In a fit of irritation, I slammed the pen onto the desk.

〜のあまり (so much that... / out of excessive...).

店員の態度の悪さに、客たちの苛立ちが頂点に達した。

The customers' frustration reached its peak due to the clerk's poor attitude.

頂点に達する (to reach the peak/climax).

彼は自分の不甲斐なさに苛立ちを覚えているようだ。

He seems to be feeling irritation at his own helplessness.

不甲斐なさ (helplessness/worthlessness). 〜ようだ (it seems like...).

この騒音は、住民の苛立ちを引き起こしている。

This noise is causing irritation among the residents.

引き起こす (to cause/trigger).

政府の対応の遅さに、国民の苛立ちが爆発寸前だ。

The public's frustration is on the verge of exploding due to the government's slow response.

爆発寸前 (on the verge of exploding).

彼は苛立ちを紛らわせるために、激しい音楽を聴いた。

He listened to intense music to distract himself from his irritation.

紛らわせる (to distract/divert).

彼女の言葉の端々に、隠れた苛立ちが感じられた。

In every part of her speech, a hidden irritation could be felt.

言葉の端々 (in every word/in the nuances of speech).

期待が大きかっただけに、失敗した時の苛立ちも深かった。

Because the expectations were so high, the frustration when failing was also deep.

〜だけに (all the more because...).

彼は苛立ちを露わにすることなく、淡々と業務をこなした。

Without showing any irritation, he carried out his duties indifferently.

露わにする (to reveal/show). 淡々と (indifferently/matter-of-factly).

その場しのぎの言い訳が、火に油を注ぐように彼の苛立ちを煽った。

The makeshift excuses fanned his irritation like pouring oil on a fire.

火に油を注ぐ (pour oil on fire - idiom). 煽る (to fan/instigate).

苛立ちをコントロールすることは、社会人として重要なスキルだ。

Controlling irritation is an important skill for a working professional.

〜することは (gerund phrase as subject).

長引く不況が、社会全体に漠然とした苛立ちを広げている。

The prolonged recession is spreading a vague sense of irritation throughout society.

漠然とした (vague/obscure).

現代社会の過度な効率主義が、人々の心に絶え間ない苛立ちを植え付けている。

The excessive focus on efficiency in modern society is planting constant irritation in people's hearts.

効率主義 (efficiency-ism). 植え付ける (to plant/instill).

彼の沈黙は、相手の苛立ちを誘い出すための計算された策略だった。

His silence was a calculated tactic to draw out the other person's irritation.

誘い出す (to draw out/lure out). 策略 (tactic/strategy).

その小説は、都会の孤独と、そこから生じる静かな苛立ちを見事に描写している。

The novel masterfully depicts urban loneliness and the quiet irritation arising from it.

描写する (to depict/describe).

理想と現実の乖離に直面し、彼は深い苛立ちと無力感に苛まれた。

Facing the gap between ideal and reality, he was tormented by deep irritation and a sense of helplessness.

乖離 (gap/discrepancy). 苛まれる (to be tormented - note the same kanji 苛).

苛立ちという感情は、しばしば創造性の欠如を埋めるための代償として現れる。

The emotion of irritation often appears as a compensation to fill a lack of creativity.

代償 (compensation/price).

彼は自らの苛立ちを客観的に観察することで、冷静さを取り戻そうとした。

He tried to regain his composure by objectively observing his own irritation.

客観的に (objectively). 取り戻す (to regain).

官僚的な手続きの煩雑さが、起業家たちの苛立ちを増幅させている。

The complexity of bureaucratic procedures is amplifying the frustration of entrepreneurs.

煩雑さ (complexity/tediousness). 増幅させる (to amplify).

言葉にできない苛立ちが、暴力という形で噴出することもある。

Irritation that cannot be put into words sometimes erupts in the form of violence.

噴出する (to erupt/spout).

文明の進歩がもたらした時間短縮の恩恵は、皮肉にも我々の待つことへの苛立ちを助長した。

Ironically, the benefits of time-saving brought by the progress of civilization have encouraged our irritation toward waiting.

助長する (to encourage/promote - often negative).

彼の苛立ちは、単なる一時的な感情ではなく、長年の抑圧が生んだ実存的な悲鳴であった。

His irritation was not merely a temporary emotion, but an existential scream born from years of oppression.

実存的 (existential). 抑圧 (oppression).

その指揮者は、楽団員のわずかなリズムの狂いに対しても、鋭い苛立ちを隠そうとしなかった。

The conductor did not try to hide his sharp irritation even at the slightest rhythmic error by the orchestra members.

〜の狂い (deviation/error in...). 隠そうとしない (make no attempt to hide).

政治的停滞に対する大衆の苛立ちは、ポピュリズムが台頭するための肥沃な土壌となった。

The masses' frustration with political stagnation became fertile ground for the rise of populism.

停滞 (stagnation). 肥沃な土壌 (fertile ground - metaphorical).

自己の限界を悟った時に生じる苛立ちは、向上心というコインの裏返しでもある。

The irritation that arises when one realizes one's limits is also the flip side of the coin called ambition.

〜の裏返し (the flip side/reverse of...).

彼女の書く散文には、言葉の壁を越えられない表現者特有の苛立ちが滲み出ている。

The prose she writes exudes the irritation unique to an artist who cannot overcome the wall of language.

滲み出る (to ooze out/exude).

情報の洪水に晒される現代において、真実を見極められない苛立ちは普遍的な病理と言える。

In the modern age exposed to a flood of information, the frustration of being unable to discern the truth can be called a universal pathology.

見極める (to discern/see through). 病理 (pathology).

彼は、自らの苛立ちを詩へと昇華させることで、精神の均衡を保っていた。

He maintained his mental balance by sublimating his irritation into poetry.

昇華させる (to sublimate). 均衡 (balance/equilibrium).

常见搭配

苛立ちを覚える

苛立ちを隠す

苛立ちが募る

苛立ちをぶつける

苛立ちを抑える

激しい苛立ち

苛立ちを露わにする

隠しきれない苛立ち

苛立ちを解消する

苛立ちを感じさせる

常用短语

苛立ちを隠せない

— Unable to hide one's irritation. Used when someone's annoyance is obvious.

彼はそのニュースを聞いて、苛立ちを隠せなかった。

苛立ちが頂点に達する

— One's frustration reaches its peak. Used for the moment someone is about to lose their temper.

度重なる遅刻に、上司の苛立ちが頂点に達した。

苛立ちを募らせる

— To let one's irritation grow. Often used in news reports to describe a group's increasing anger.

住民は解決しない騒音問題に苛立ちを募らせている。

苛立ちにかられる

— To be driven or overcome by irritation. Implies the emotion is controlling the person.

苛立ちにかられて、思わず厳しい言葉を吐いた。

苛立ちをぶつけ合う

— To vent frustration at each other. Used to describe a heated argument or tense atmosphere.

会議では、メンバー同士が苛立ちをぶつけ合う場面もあった。

苛立ちの色を浮かべる

— To show a hint of irritation on one's face. A literary way to describe a facial expression.

彼は顔にわずかな苛立ちの色を浮かべた。

苛立ちを鎮める

— To calm down or soothe one's irritation. Focuses on the process of returning to a calm state.

お茶を飲んで、ようやく苛立ちを鎮めることができた。

苛立ちの原因

— The cause of the irritation. Used when analyzing why someone is upset.

苛立ちの原因を突き止める必要がある。

苛立ちを誘発する

— To induce or trigger irritation. Often used for environmental factors like noise or bad design.

この複雑な操作は、ユーザーの苛立ちを誘発する。

苛立ち混じりの声

— A voice mixed with irritation. Describes the tone of someone who is annoyed.

彼は苛立ち混じりの声で返事をした。

容易混淆的词

苛立ち vs 怒り (Ikari)

Ikari is stronger and more explosive. Iradachi is more about impatience and simmering annoyance.

苛立ち vs 焦り (Aseri)

Aseri is panic or rushing. Iradachi is being annoyed by the obstacle causing the rush.

苛立ち vs 不満 (Fuman)

Fuman is dissatisfaction with a result. Iradachi is the 'prickly' feeling during the process.

习语与表达

"癪に障る (Shaku ni sawaru)"

— To get on one's nerves; to be aggravating. While not using the word 'iradachi,' it is the most common idiomatic equivalent.

彼の自慢話は本当に癪に障る。

Neutral/Common

"虫の居所が悪い (Mushi no idokoro ga warui)"

— To be in a bad mood; to be easily irritated. Literally, 'the place where the insect lives is bad.'

今日は虫の居所が悪いのか、彼はいつもより苛立っている。

Common

"火に油を注ぐ (Hi ni abu o sosogu)"

— To pour oil on the fire. To do something that makes someone's 苛立ち much worse.

彼の言い訳は、彼女の苛立ちに火に油を注ぐ結果となった。

Common

"業を煮やす (Gou o niyasu)"

— To lose one's patience; to be exasperated by someone's slowness or incompetence.

なかなか白状しない犯人に、刑事は業を煮やした。

Idiomatic/Formal

"堪忍袋の緒が切れる (Kanninbukuro no o ga kireu)"

— To lose one's patience; for the 'bag of endurance' string to snap. The ultimate end of 苛立ち.

彼の無礼な態度に、ついに堪忍袋の緒が切れた。

Common/Idiomatic

"八つ当たりする (Yatsu-atari suru)"

— To take one's frustration out on someone innocent. The action often resulting from 苛立ち.

仕事の苛立ちを家族に八つ当たりしてはいけない。

Common

"歯痒い (Hagayui)"

— To be impatient or frustrated because things aren't going as well as one hopes. Literally 'itchy teeth.'

自分の実力を出し切れないのが歯痒い。

Neutral

"居ても立っても居られない (Ite mo tatte mo irarenai)"

— Unable to sit or stand; to be so restless or irritated that one cannot keep still.

結果が気になって、居ても立っても居られない。

Common

"鼻につく (Hana ni tsuku)"

— To be cloying or annoying. Used when someone's behavior starts to irritate you because it's too much.

彼女の気取った態度は鼻につく。

Neutral

"短気は損気 (Tanki wa sonki)"

— A quick temper leads to loss. A proverb warning against letting 苛立ち control you.

苛立っても良いことはないよ。短気は損気だ。

Proverb

容易混淆

苛立ち vs 焦燥感 (Shousoukan)

Both involve a sense of time pressure.

Shousoukan is more about internal anxiety and the fear of being late or failing. Iradachi is the outward-facing annoyance at something in your way.

試験前に焦燥感を感じる (Feel anxiety before an exam) vs. 渋滞に苛立ちを感じる (Feel irritation at traffic).

苛立ち vs 憤り (Ikidouri)

Both are nouns for negative emotions.

Ikidouri is high-level indignation about a moral wrong. Iradachi is low-level irritation about a personal inconvenience.

不正への憤り (Indignation at injustice) vs. 遅いネットへの苛立ち (Irritation at slow internet).

苛立ち vs 癪 (Shaku)

Both describe being annoyed.

Shaku is an older, more idiomatic word. It often describes something that 'sticks in your craw' or is galling.

彼の態度が癪に障る (His attitude gets on my nerves).

苛立ち vs 不機嫌 (Fukigen)

Both describe a bad mood.

Fukigen is a general state of being in a bad mood. Iradachi is the specific feeling of irritation causing that mood.

彼は今日、不機嫌だ (He is in a bad mood today).

苛立ち vs もどかしさ (Modokashisa)

Both involve frustration.

Modokashisa is specifically about the frustration of not being able to do something as one wishes (e.g., language barrier).

言葉が出ないもどかしさ (The frustration of words not coming out).

句型

〜に苛立ちを感じる

遅刻に苛立ちを感じる。

〜への苛立ちを隠す

彼への苛立ちを隠した。

苛立ちが募る

待ち時間が長くて苛立ちが募る。

苛立ちをぶつける

他人に苛立ちをぶつけてはいけない。

苛立ちを抑えきれない

彼は苛立ちを抑えきれなかった。

苛立ちを露わにする

彼は不満から苛立ちを露わにした。

苛立ちに苛まれる

彼は自らの無力さに苛立ちに苛まれた。

苛立ちを昇華させる

苛立ちを芸術へと昇華させる。

词族

名词

苛立ち (Iradachi - Irritation)

苛立ち顔 (Iradachigao - Irritated face)

动词

苛立つ (Iradatsu - To get irritated)

苛立たせる (Iradattaseru - To irritate someone)

苛立ちまぎれに (Iradachimagi-re ni - In a fit of irritation)

形容词

苛立たしい (Iradatashii - Irritating/Frustrating)

如何使用

frequency

High in literature, news, and workplace discussions.

常见错误

Using '苛立ちする' → 苛立つ or 苛立ちを感じる
苛立ち is a noun, not a suru-verb. You must use the actual verb form or a verb that takes a noun object.
Using 苛立ち for deep grief → 悲しみ (Kanashimi) or 絶望 (Zetsubou)
苛立ち is for irritation/impatience. It is too light a word for deep sorrow or despair.
Confusing 苛立ち with 焦り → Use 焦り for panic/rushing.
If you are rushing to a meeting, you feel 焦り. If the person in front of you is walking slowly while you are rushing, you feel 苛立ち.
Misplacing the particle 'を' → 渋滞に苛立ちを感じる
The cause of the irritation takes the particle 'に', while the irritation itself is the object 'を'.
Using 苛立ち for physical pain → 痛み (itami)
While the root means 'prickly,' 苛立ち is purely psychological in modern usage.

小贴士

Use it in writing

苛立ち is a great word for journal entries or essays about your day. It sounds more sophisticated than just saying you were 'mad'.

Identify the cause

Remember that 苛立ち usually has an external cause. If you're just generally in a bad mood, use '不機嫌' (fukigen).

Verb vs Noun

Don't say '苛立ちする'. Use '苛立つ' (verb) or '苛立ちを感じる' (noun + verb).

Cultural sensitivity

In Japan, expressing 苛立ち too loudly can be seen as immature. Use the word to describe your feelings calmly rather than shouting.

Listen for 'ira-ira'

If you hear someone say 'ira-ira suru', they are experiencing 苛立ち. The two are closely linked.

Learn the family

Learn '苛立たしい' (iradatashii) to describe something as 'irritating'. Example: '苛立たしい音' (an irritating sound).

The 'Gap' theory

Think of 苛立ち as the emotion of the 'gap' between reality and your expectations. Closing that gap reduces the 苛立ち.

Thorns and spikes

Visualize the kanji 苛 as spikes. It helps you remember that 苛立ち is a 'prickly' feeling.

Workplace use

Use '苛立ち' in business emails to describe a project's tension without sounding like you're attacking people personally.

Daily check-in

Ask yourself: '今日、苛立ちを感じた？' (Did I feel irritation today?) to practice using the word in your head.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of an 'Ear' (I) that is 'Rad' (rada) but has 'Cheese' (chi) stuck in it. You would feel 'Iradachi' (irritation) if you had itchy cheese in your ear!

视觉联想

Imagine a person standing (tatsu) in a field of thorns (ka/ira). The 'prickly' feeling they get is 苛立ち.

Word Web

Irritation Impatience Prickly Restless Simmering Friction Wait Obstacle

挑战

Try to identify three things today that cause you 苛立ち. Write them down in Japanese using the pattern: '[Thing] に苛立ちを感じる'.

词源

The word comes from the verb 'iradatsu' (苛立つ). The kanji '苛' (ka) originally meant 'prickly' or 'harsh,' often referring to the sensation of thorns or a stinging plant. 'Tatsu' (立つ) means to rise or stand up. Together, they describe a feeling of 'prickliness rising' within a person.

原始含义： A physical sensation of being pricked or stung, which evolved into the psychological sensation of irritation.

Japonic (Yamato Kotoba origin for the verb stem).

文化背景

Be careful not to describe a high-ranking person's 苛立ち directly to their face, as it can be seen as disrespectful to comment on their lack of emotional control.

In English, we might say 'I'm annoyed' or 'This is frustrating.' Japanese '苛立ち' is slightly more formal and focuses on the internal state rather than the external object.

Many protagonists in Natsume Soseki's novels suffer from chronic 苛立ち due to the pressures of modernization. The 'anger mark' in anime is the visual representation of 苛立ち. In the movie 'Rashomon,' the characters' conflicting stories create a sense of 苛立ち for the audience.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Commuting

電車の遅延への苛立ち
満員電車の苛立ち
渋滞による苛立ち
歩きスマホへの苛立ち

Workplace

仕事が進まない苛立ち
上司の指示への苛立ち
部下のミスへの苛立ち
パソコンが遅い苛立ち

Relationships

恋人への苛立ち
話を聞かない苛立ち
連絡が遅い苛立ち
家族への苛立ち

Self-Reflection

自分への苛立ち
できないことへの苛立ち
不甲斐なさへの苛立ち
目標に届かない苛立ち

Public/Society

社会への苛立ち
政治への苛立ち
不公平への苛立ち
マナーの悪さへの苛立ち

对话开场白

"最近、何か苛立ちを感じたことはありますか？ (Have you felt any irritation recently?)"

"どうやって苛立ちを解消していますか？ (How do you relieve your irritation?)"

"仕事で苛立ちがたまった時、どうしますか？ (What do you do when frustration builds up at work?)"

"どんな人の態度に苛立ちを覚えますか？ (What kind of person's attitude makes you feel irritated?)"

"苛立ちを顔に出すタイプですか、それとも隠すタイプですか？ (Are you the type to show irritation on your face or hide it?)"

日记主题

今日感じた一番大きな苛立ちについて書いてください。 (Write about the biggest irritation you felt today.)

苛立ちをコントロールするために、明日からできることは何ですか？ (What can you do from tomorrow to control your irritation?)

もし世界から『苛立ち』がなくなったら、どうなると思いますか？ (What do you think would happen if 'irritation' disappeared from the world?)

自分の苛立ちのパターンを分析してみましょう。 (Let's analyze your patterns of irritation.)

過去に苛立ちをぶつけて後悔したことはありますか？ (Have you ever regretted taking your frustration out on someone in the past?)

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, 苛立ち is a formal noun, whereas いらいら is an onomatopoeic adverb commonly used in casual speech. You would use 苛立ち in a report or a novel, but いらいら when talking to a friend. For example, 'いらいらする' is very common in daily life.

Yes, but it implies you are 'annoyed' or 'irritated' by them, rather than 'furious.' If they did something truly terrible, use '怒り' (ikari). If they are just being slow or repetitive, '苛立ち' is perfect.

苛立つ (iradatsu) is the intransitive verb: 'I get irritated.' 苛立たせる (iradattaseru) is the causative verb: 'He irritates me.' For example, '私は苛立つ' vs '彼は私を苛立たせる'.

It is common in literature and newspapers, but it is not one of the first kanji students learn. It is a 'Jinmeiyo' kanji (used in names) and also appears in the word for bullying (苛め), so it's good to recognize.

Depending on the context, you can say '苛立ちを感じる' (I feel irritation), 'もどかしい' (I'm frustrated by my inability), or '悔しい' (I'm frustrated by a loss/failure).

Generally, no. It is a negative emotion. However, in some contexts, it can be seen as a sign of '向上心' (ambition), where your irritation at your current level drives you to improve.

The most common are 'に' for the cause (渋滞に苛立ち...) and 'を' for the action (苛立ちを覚える, 苛立ちを隠す). You can also use 'への' to modify the noun (彼への苛立ち).

The most common slang is 'ムカつく' (mukatsuku), which means to be pissed off or annoyed. Another is 'うざい' (uzai), which means annoying/troublesome.

Use the verb '募る' (tsunoru). '苛立ちが募る' means your frustration is building up or intensifying over time.

The closest opposites are '落ち着き' (calmness) or '満足' (satisfaction). When you are calm or satisfied, you don't feel the 'prickly' tension of 苛立ち.

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