When someone offers you something, like a gift or food, you can say どうぞ to mean "go ahead" or "please, take it." It's also used when you're giving something to someone, meaning "here you are." Think of it as a polite way to invite someone to do something or to present something to them.
For example, if you're holding a door open for someone, you might say "どうぞ" to motion them through. Or, if you offer someone a snack, and they hesitate, you can say "どうぞ" to encourage them to take it. It's a very versatile and common word in Japanese for politeness and offering.
どうぞ 30秒了解
- Use to offer something.
- Use to invite someone.
- Use to encourage an action.
§ Don't overuse どうぞ
Many beginners, fresh from learning that どうぞ means "please," tend to sprinkle it generously into every request. While it can mean "please," its usage is more specific than the English equivalent. It's often used when offering something or inviting someone to do something. If you're asking for a favor, other phrases are more natural and polite.
For instance, if you want to ask someone to close the window, saying 窓を閉めてください (mado o shimete kudasai) – "Please close the window" – is much more common and appropriate than 窓を閉めてどうぞ (mado o shimete douzo).
§ Not for requests like "Please tell me"
You wouldn't use どうぞ when asking someone to provide you with information or perform an action for your benefit. For such requests, the ~てください (~te kudasai) form is standard.
- Bad Example
- 日本語を教えてどうぞ。(Nihongo o oshiete douzo.)
Meaning: "Please teach me Japanese" (incorrect usage).
- Good Example
- 日本語を教えてください。(Nihongo o oshiete kudasai.)
Meaning: "Please teach me Japanese."
In the good example, ください (kudasai) clearly indicates a request. どうぞ would sound odd in this context, almost like you are giving permission to be taught.
§ Confusing it with してください
This is a big one. してください (shite kudasai) means "please do" (an action). どうぞ is an interjection that precedes an action or a situation, often encouraging someone. They are not interchangeable.
- When you offer something:
ケーキ、どうぞ。(Keeki, douzo.)
Hint: "Here's some cake, please take it."
- When you ask someone to do something for you:
これを手伝ってください。(Kore o tetsudatte kudasai.)
Hint: "Please help me with this."
Using どうぞ in the second example would be grammatically incorrect and would not convey a polite request for help.
§ Misunderstanding its politeness level
While どうぞ is polite, it's not a catch-all for all polite situations. Its politeness comes from showing consideration for the other person, often by granting permission or offering something. It doesn't inherently make a demanding statement softer or more polite; in fact, using it incorrectly can make you sound less natural.
For example, if you are giving a presentation and want people to sit down, saying どうぞ座ってください (douzo suwatte kudasai) – "Please, sit down" – is fine. Here, どうぞ emphasizes the invitation. However, simply saying してください (kudasai) without a specific noun or context can sound a bit direct, and adding どうぞ doesn't automatically fix that if the core request is already too blunt.
§ Forgetting the context of 'by all means'
When どうぞ means "by all means," it often appears in contexts where you're strongly encouraging someone or giving enthusiastic permission. It's not a casual filler word.
「この本を読んでもいいですか」「ええ、どうぞ。」("Kono hon o yonde mo ii desu ka?" "Ee, douzo.")
Hint: "'May I read this book?' 'Yes, by all means/go right ahead.'"
Here, どうぞ conveys a clear and willing permission. Don't use it lightly when you mean a simple "yes" or acknowledgement. It carries more weight and encouragement.
How Formal Is It?
"It's a pleasure to meet you (often used when bowing)."
"Go ahead/Here you are (when offering something)."
"Yeah, go ahead (more casual offer)."
"Here you go! (often said cheerfully to a child)."
"No, no, after you (insisting someone go first, sometimes with a slight pushy nuance)."
按水平分级的例句
どうぞ、お先に。
After you. (Lit: Please, ahead.)
コーヒー、どうぞ。
Here's your coffee. (Lit: Coffee, please.)
どうぞ、召し上がってください。
Please, help yourself. / Please eat.
召し上がる (meshiagaru) is the honorific form of 食べる (taberu) 'to eat'.
どうぞ、遠慮なく聞いてください。
Please, don't hesitate to ask.
遠慮なく (enryonaku) means 'without reserve/hesitation'.
どうぞ、こちらへ。
Please, come this way. / This way, please.
どうぞ、ごゆっくり。
Please, take your time. / Please make yourself at home.
ごゆっくり (goyukkuri) is a polite way to say 'slowly' or 'at your leisure'.
どうぞ、お入りください。
Please, come in.
どうぞ、座ってください。
Please, sit down.
语法模式
句型
どうぞ
どうぞ。
どうぞ、[item]。
どうぞ、お茶。
どうぞ、[action]ください。
どうぞ、座ってください。
どうぞ、[place]へ。
どうぞ、こちらへ。
どうぞ、ご自由に。
どうぞ、ご自由に取ってください。
どうぞ、お先に。
どうぞ、お先に。
どうぞ、ゆっくりしてください。
どうぞ、ゆっくりしてください。
はい、どうぞ。
はい、どうぞ。
如何使用
The Japanese word 「どうぞ」 (dōzo) is a versatile expression that can be used in many situations where you would say “please” in English. It often implies an invitation or an offering.
Here are some common ways to use it:
Offering something: When you hand something to someone, like a drink or a document, you can say 「どうぞ」. It's like saying “here you go” or “here you are.”
Example: 「コーヒー、どうぞ。」 (Kōhī, dōzo.) - Here’s your coffee.
Inviting someone to do something: You can use 「どうぞ」 to encourage someone to go ahead, enter, or sit down.
Example: 「どうぞ、お入りください。」 (Dōzo, o-airi kudasai.) - Please, come in.
Example: 「お先にどうぞ。」 (O-saki ni dōzo.) - Please, go ahead (after you).
Responding to a request for permission: If someone asks if they can do something, you can say 「どうぞ」 to grant permission. It's like saying “by all means” or “go ahead.”
Example: 「このペンを使ってもいいですか？」「はい、どうぞ。」 (Kono pen o tsukatte mo ii desu ka? Hai, dōzo.) - May I use this pen? Yes, please (go ahead).
A common mistake is using 「どうぞ」 as a direct translation for “please” when making a request for something for yourself. While it means “please” in some contexts, it doesn't work for direct requests like “please give me water.”
For requests for yourself, you would typically use the 「〜ください」 (kudasai) form or other politeness markers.
Incorrect: 「水、どうぞ。」 (Mizu, dōzo.) - (Intended: Please give me water. - Incorrect usage)
Correct: 「水、ください。」 (Mizu, kudasai.) - Please give me water.
Remember, 「どうぞ」 is more about offering, inviting, or granting permission rather than asking for something for yourself.
自我测试 24 个问题
Which of these is a common way to offer something to someone in Japanese?
どうぞ (Dōzo) is frequently used when offering something, like food or a seat, similar to 'here you are' or 'please'.
Someone hands you a gift. What would they most likely say?
どうぞ (Dōzo) is used when presenting something to someone, such as a gift.
If you want to politely invite someone to sit down, what word would you use?
どうぞ (Dōzo) can be used to politely invite someone to do something, like 'please sit down'.
You can use どうぞ (Dōzo) to say 'please' when asking for a favor.
While どうぞ (Dōzo) can mean 'please', it's typically used when offering something or inviting someone to do something, not for requesting a favor. For requests, you'd usually use other polite forms.
If you offer someone a cup of tea, saying どうぞ (Dōzo) is appropriate.
どうぞ (Dōzo) is commonly used when offering food, drinks, or other items.
どうぞ (Dōzo) can be used when you want to tell someone 'goodbye'.
どうぞ (Dōzo) does not mean 'goodbye'. The common Japanese word for 'goodbye' is さようなら (Sayounara) or other more casual farewells depending on the situation.
Which of these is the most appropriate response when someone offers you something?
While 'どうぞ' is used to offer, 'ありがとう' (thank you) is the correct response when receiving something.
You want to invite someone to come in. What would you say?
'どうぞ' is often used to politely invite someone to do something, like 'Please, come in.'
Someone hands you a pen. What would they most likely say?
When offering something, 'どうぞ' is a common and polite way to say 'Here you are.'
'どうぞ' can be used when you are telling someone to go ahead and start eating.
Yes, 'どうぞ' is often used to encourage someone to start, like 'Please, eat.'
If you want to politely ask someone to sit down, you would say 'どうぞ' after 'お座りください' (Osuwari kudasai).
You can say 'どうぞ、お座りください' which means 'Please, have a seat.'
'どうぞ' is typically used when you are asking for permission.
'どうぞ' is used to offer or invite, not to ask for permission. For asking permission, you'd use phrases like '～てもいいですか' (Can I...?).
Choose the most appropriate response when offering someone a seat.
「どうぞ」 combined with 「お座りください」 (please sit) is a polite way to offer a seat.
Which phrase would you use when handing someone an item?
「どうぞ」 is used when presenting something to someone, often followed by 「これです」 (here it is).
When inviting someone to go first, what would you say?
「どうぞ、お先に」 means 'Please, after you' or 'Please, go ahead'.
You can use 「どうぞ」 to offer someone a drink.
「どうぞ」 is commonly used to offer food or drinks, for example, 「どうぞ、お茶を召し上がれ。」 (Please have some tea).
「どうぞ」 can be used to politely decline an offer.
「どうぞ」 is used to encourage or offer, not to decline. To decline politely, you might use 「結構です」 or 「遠慮しておきます」.
When someone thanks you, it is appropriate to respond with 「どうぞ」.
When someone thanks you, a common response is 「どういたしまして」 (You're welcome) or 「とんでもないです」 (Not at all). 「どうぞ」 is not used in this context.
This is a polite way to offer food or drink, meaning 'Please help yourself.'
This phrase is used to invite someone to enter, meaning 'Please come in.'
This is a polite invitation to sit down, meaning 'Please sit down.'
/ 24 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
どうぞ is a polite and flexible word for offering, inviting, and encouraging in Japanese.
- Use to offer something.
- Use to invite someone.
- Use to encourage an action.
相关内容
这个词在其他语言中
更多communication词汇
について
A2about; concerning
宛先
B1The address or name of the recipient to whom mail or an email is sent.
番地
A2House number
賛同
B1Approval, endorsement; support or agreement with an idea.
~も
A2Too, also.
〜そして
A1And then; and (used to connect sentences or clauses).
〜や
A2And; and so forth (used to list examples, implying others exist).
たり
A2Indicates a non-exhaustive list of actions/states ('and so on').
お知らせ
B1Notice; an announcement or communication.
答え
A2A thing said, written, or done as a reaction to a question or statement.
