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선선하다

A2 adjective 12分钟阅读

선선하다

seonseonhada

开始练习例句笔记与提示 선선하다 30秒了解

解析 선선하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the most basic use of '선선하다' to describe the weather. It is a descriptive verb, which means it acts like an adjective. In simple sentences, you will mostly see it as '선선해요' (it is cool). You can use it to talk about the weather today or the weather in autumn. At this stage, don't worry about the complex nuances; just remember it as a word for 'pleasant cool weather.' You might use it when someone asks 'How is the weather?' (날씨가 어때요?). You can respond, '선선해요' (It's cool). This is a very useful word because Koreans love talking about the weather as a way to start a conversation. It's a 'safe' and positive word to use during the transition from summer to fall. Practice pairing it with '날씨' (weather) and '바람' (wind). For example, '선선한 바람' means 'a cool breeze.' This simple phrase is very common in basic Korean children's books and beginner textbooks. Even at A1, using '선선해요' instead of just '좋아요' (it's good) shows that you are starting to learn specific Korean vocabulary for the environment.

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At the A2 level, you can begin to use '선선하다' in more varied sentence structures. You should be comfortable using the past tense '선선했어요' (it was cool) and the connective form '선선해서' (because it is cool). For example, you might say, '날씨가 선선해서 산책했어요' (Because the weather was cool, I went for a walk). This shows you can link a condition (the weather) to an action (walking). You should also learn the noun-modifying form '선선한.' This allows you to say things like '선선한 아침' (a cool morning) or '선선한 공기' (cool air). At A2, you are expected to distinguish between '시원하다' (refreshing) and '선선하다' (pleasant cool weather). Remember that '선선하다' is almost always about the atmosphere. You wouldn't use it for a cold soda. You can also start using it with '-네요' to express your observation: '와, 오늘 정말 선선하네요!' (Wow, it's really cool today!). This is a very natural way to react to the weather when you step outside. You might also encounter it in simple weather reports where they describe the day's temperature as being comfortable for outdoor activities.

At the B1 level, you should understand the nuance of '선선하다' compared to other similar words like '서늘하다' or '쌀쌀하다.' You should be able to describe the changing of seasons using '선선해지다' (to become cool). For instance, '8월 말이 되니까 날씨가 선선해졌어요' (As it became late August, the weather turned cool). You should also be able to use it in more complex grammar patterns like '-면' (if) or '-ㄹ 때' (when). '날씨가 선선하면 등산을 가고 싶어요' (If the weather is cool, I want to go hiking). At this level, you can use the word to describe specific times of day, like '새벽의 선선한 기운' (the cool energy/air of dawn). You should also be able to handle honorifics or formal settings, using '선선합니다' in a presentation or a formal letter. B1 learners should also start noticing the word in song lyrics or simple literature, where it's used to set a mood of calm or nostalgia. It’s no longer just a weather word; it’s a tool for describing an environment that influences your feelings. You can also use it to contrast with the previous heat: '무더위가 지나가고 선선한 가을이 왔다' (The sweltering heat passed and the cool autumn came).

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At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of the poetic and descriptive potential of '선선하다.' You can use it to describe abstract concepts or in more sophisticated writing. For example, you might describe a person's '선선한 성격' (a cool/frank personality), although this is less common today, knowing it exists shows high proficiency. You should be able to use the word in varied registers, from informal slang-adjacent talk to formal academic or journalistic writing. In a journalistic context, you might read about '선선한 날씨 덕분에 풍작이 예상된다' (Thanks to the cool weather, a bumper crop is expected). You should also be comfortable with the adverbial form '선선하게' and how it modifies verbs of feeling or state. B2 learners should be able to explain the difference between '선선하다' and '시원하다' to a lower-level learner, highlighting the atmospheric versus general refreshing nature of the words. You should also recognize the word in more complex literary works where it might be used to symbolize a change in a character's heart or the cooling of a situation. Your ability to use this word correctly in essays about the environment or seasons is a hallmark of this level.

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At the C1 level, your use of '선선하다' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's. You understand the subtle emotional undercurrents the word carries—the sense of relief, the anticipation of autumn, and the specific physical sensation of dry, moving air. You can use it in highly descriptive, evocative writing. For example, '창가로 스며드는 선선한 바람이 여름내 찌들었던 마음을 씻어주는 듯했다' (The cool breeze seeping through the window seemed to wash away my heart that had been withered by the summer). You are also aware of the word's historical usage and how it appears in classic Korean literature. You can discuss the word's role in the 'aesthetic of the seasons' in Korean culture. C1 learners can use '선선하다' to create specific atmospheres in storytelling, choosing it over '시원하다' to imply a natural, outdoor setting. You also understand how the word interacts with other sensory words, such as describing the '선선한 공기와 풀벌레 소리' (the cool air and the sound of grass insects), which is a classic image of a Korean autumn evening. Your mastery includes knowing when *not* to use it, avoiding it in contexts where '서늘하다' (chilly/eerie) or '냉정하다' (cold-hearted) would be more appropriate.

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At the C2 level, you possess a complete mastery of '선선하다' and its place within the vast lexicon of Korean sensory adjectives. you can engage in deep linguistic discussions about the etymology or the phono-symbolism of the word (the 'ㅅ' sound often associated with air or breath in Korean). You can appreciate and use the word in its most subtle forms, perhaps in high-level poetry or philosophical discourse about the relationship between nature and human emotion. You understand the word's usage in regional dialects or older texts where its meaning might have slightly different boundaries. You can use the word to critique literature or film, discussing how a director used a '선선한' atmosphere to contrast with a tense plot point. For a C2 learner, '선선하다' is not just a word for 'cool weather' but a precise brushstroke in the painting of the Korean language. You can use it to articulate the most minute changes in the environment, perhaps pairing it with other advanced vocabulary to describe the '선선하고 청명한 천고마비의 계절' (the cool, clear season of high skies and fat horses—a classic idiom for autumn). Your usage is effortless, nuanced, and culturally grounded.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

선선하다 30秒了解

A positive word for cool, crisp weather.
Specifically used for the air, wind, and atmosphere.
Associated with the relief of early autumn.
Implies a temperature that is neither hot nor cold, but perfect.

The Korean adjective 선선하다 (seon-seon-ha-da) is a quintessential seasonal word that captures a specific atmospheric sensation. To an English speaker, it translates most accurately as "to be cool" or "to be brisk," but it carries a distinct emotional weight of relief and pleasantness. It is almost exclusively used to describe the weather or the air temperature, specifically during that magical transition period when the oppressive, humid heat of a Korean summer finally breaks and gives way to the crisp, dry air of early autumn. Unlike the generic word for 'cool,' 시원하다, which can apply to anything from a cold glass of water to a spicy soup that makes you feel refreshed, 선선하다 is strictly atmospheric.

The Sensation of Relief: When Koreans use this word, they are often expressing a sense of physical comfort. Imagine walking outside at 7:00 AM in mid-September; the sun is out, but the wind has a slight bite that makes you reach for a light cardigan. That is the essence of 선선하다.

이제 아침저녁으로 날씨가 참 선선하다.
(Now the weather is quite cool in the mornings and evenings.)

The word is deeply rooted in the Korean seasonal consciousness. Because Korea has four very distinct seasons, the first day one can describe the weather as 선선하다 is often a topic of conversation in offices, markets, and group chats. It marks the end of the 'Jangma' (monsoon season) and the 'Yeoldae-ya' (tropical nights). It is a word of transition. It isn't 'cold' (춥다) yet—which implies discomfort or shivering—but rather a temperature that invites you to spend time outdoors, go for a hike, or open all the windows in your home to let the stale air out.

Emotional Resonance: There is a certain 'healing' quality associated with this word. After months of sweating, the '선선한 바람' (cool breeze) is seen as a reward from nature. It is frequently used in poetry and song lyrics to evoke a sense of calm and clarity.

선선한 가을 바람이 불어오니 기분이 좋아요.
(Since the cool autumn breeze is blowing, I feel good.)

In terms of frequency, you will hear this word most often in August and September. It is less common in the spring because spring air is often described as 'warm' (따뜻하다) or 'chilly' (쌀쌀하다) due to the yellow dust or the lingering winter frost. 선선하다 specifically implies that the heat has died down, making it a uniquely post-summer descriptor. It suggests a clarity in the air, a lack of humidity, and a temperature that is perfectly balanced for human activity.

어제보다 훨씬 선선해졌네요.
(It has become much cooler than yesterday.)

Environmental Context: It is rarely used for indoor air conditioning. If an AC unit is blowing, you would say '시원하다.' If you go to a high mountain peak where the air is naturally thin and crisp, you would say '선선하다.' It implies a natural, atmospheric coolness.

창문을 열면 선선한 공기가 들어와요.
(When you open the window, cool air comes in.)

In summary, 선선하다 is more than just a temperature reading; it is a mood. It describes the relief of a cooling earth, the beginning of the harvest season, and the pleasant physical state of being neither too hot nor too cold. It is a word that invites people to notice the world around them and appreciate the changing of the guard between the seasons.

Using 선선하다 correctly requires understanding its role as a descriptive verb (adjective) in Korean grammar. Unlike English, where 'cool' is an adjective, Korean adjectives function like verbs, meaning they can be conjugated directly to end a sentence. The base form is 선선하다, and its most common polite spoken form is 선선해요.

Basic Conjugation: To say 'It is cool,' you simply say '날씨가 선선해요.' For the past tense ('It was cool'), use '선선했어요.' For the future or presumptive ('It will probably be cool'), use '선선하겠어요' or '선선할 거예요.'

밤에는 공기가 꽤 선선해서 잠을 잘 잤어요.
(The air was quite cool at night, so I slept well.)

One of the most frequent ways you will use this word is in its noun-modifying form: 선선한. This allows you to describe specific things like a breeze, a morning, or an evening. You place '선선한' directly before the noun. For example, '선선한 바람' (a cool breeze) or '선선한 가을' (a cool autumn).

Comparative and Connective Forms: When comparing days, you might use '-보다' (than). '오늘은 어제보다 선선해요' (Today is cooler than yesterday). To connect ideas, use '-고' (and) or '-지만' (but). '날씨는 선선하지만 하늘은 맑아요' (The weather is cool, but the sky is clear).

선선한 그늘 아래서 책을 읽고 싶어요.
(I want to read a book under the cool shade.)

You can also use the adverbial form 선선하게 to describe how something feels or how an action is performed in a cool environment. However, this is less common than the adjective forms. Most often, you will see it used with the causative verb '지다' (to become) to describe the change in weather: '선선해지다' (to become cool).

비가 오고 나서 날씨가 선선해졌어요.
(The weather became cool after it rained.)

Honorific Usage: While you don't typically use honorifics for the weather itself, if you are speaking to an elder about the weather, you would use a polite ending like '선선하네요' (It's cool, isn't it?) or '선선하시죠?' (It's cool [for you too], right?).

가을이 오니 공기가 선선하다.
(Since autumn is coming, the air is cool.)

In summary, focus on the '선선한' (modifying) and '선선해요' (polite ending) forms first. These will cover 90% of your daily interactions involving this word. Pay attention to how it pairs with words like '바람' (wind), '공기' (air), and '날씨' (weather).

If you are in Korea or consuming Korean media, 선선하다 is a word that follows the calendar. You won't hear it much in January, but come late August, it becomes a staple of the Korean vocabulary. Understanding the contexts where it appears will help you grasp its nuances beyond a simple dictionary definition.

Weather Forecasts (기상예보): This is the most common place to hear the word. Weather casters on channels like KBS or MBC use it to describe the 'highs' and 'lows' of the transition season. They might say, "내일은 선선한 가을 날씨가 예상됩니다" (Cool autumn weather is expected tomorrow). It sounds professional yet inviting.

오늘 아침은 기온이 떨어져서 무척 선선합니다.
(This morning, the temperature dropped, so it is very cool.)

In daily small talk, 선선하다 is a polite and pleasant icebreaker. When meeting a neighbor in the elevator or a colleague at the coffee machine during the change of seasons, mentioning the cool air is a standard social lubricant. It’s a positive observation that everyone can agree on. You’ll often hear it with the suffix '-네요,' which expresses a realization or exclamation: "와, 이제 정말 선선하네요!" (Wow, it’s really cool now!).

Literature and Song Lyrics: Because of its pleasant connotation, songwriters often use 선선한 바람 to set a romantic or nostalgic mood. It evokes the feeling of walking home late at night or sitting on a bench in a park. It’s a word that suggests peace and a clear mind.

우리는 선선한 저녁 공기를 마시며 걸었다.
(We walked while breathing in the cool evening air.)

You might also hear this word in retail and marketing. Clothing brands will advertise '선선한 가을 옷' (cool autumn clothes) or '선선한 날씨에 입기 좋은 자켓' (jackets good to wear in cool weather). In this context, it’s a signal to consumers that it’s time to switch their wardrobe from summer shorts to light layers.

Travel Blogs and Vlogs: Travelers often use this word to describe the best time to visit certain locations. "제주도는 지금 선선해서 여행하기 딱 좋아요" (Jeju is cool right now, so it's perfect for traveling). It serves as a recommendation for outdoor activities like cycling or walking the Olle trails.

에어컨 바람보다 자연의 선선한 바람이 더 좋다.
(The cool natural breeze is better than the air conditioner wind.)

Finally, in K-Dramas, you’ll hear it in scenes where characters are outside, often during a moment of reflection or a quiet date. The '선선한' atmosphere provides a backdrop that isn't distracting, unlike a heavy rain or a scorching sun, allowing the focus to remain on the characters' dialogue and emotions.

While 선선하다 seems straightforward, English speakers often trip up because English uses the word "cool" much more broadly than Korean. In Korean, "cool" is split into several words based on the object being described and the physical sensation involved. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound much more natural.

Mistake 1: Using it for Drinks or Food: In English, you can say "This beer is cool" or "The soup has cooled down." In Korean, using 선선하다 for these would be incorrect. For cold drinks, you must use 시원하다 (si-won-ha-da) or 차갑다 (cha-gap-da). 선선하다 is strictly for the air and weather.

❌ 이 물은 선선해요. (This water is cool.)
✅ 이 물은 시원해요. / 이 물은 차가워요.

Another common mistake is confusing 선선하다 with 쌀쌀하다 (ssal-ssal-ha-da). While both describe a drop in temperature, 선선하다 is positive (pleasant coolness), whereas 쌀쌀하다 is slightly negative (uncomfortably chilly). If you use 선선하다 when you are actually shivering, people will be confused because you are using a word that implies you are enjoying the weather.

Mistake 2: Using it for 'Cool' Personalities: In English, we say "He is a cool guy" to mean he is fashionable or relaxed. In Korean, 선선하다 cannot be used this way. For a 'cool' personality in terms of being easy-going, you might use 성격이 시원시원하다. For 'cool' as in fashionable, you would use 멋지다 (meot-ji-da) or the loanword 쿨하다 (kul-ha-da).

❌ 그 남자는 선선해요. (That man is cool.)
✅ 그 남자는 멋져요. / 그 남자는 쿨해요.

Wait, there is one rare exception! Sometimes 선선하다 is used to describe a person's personality as being 'generous' or 'frank,' but this is quite old-fashioned and rarely heard in modern spoken Korean. Stick to weather and air to avoid sounding like a 19th-century novel.

Mistake 3: Confusing with '시원하다' (Refreshing): While they are close, 시원하다 is broader. You can use 시원하다 for the weather too, but 선선하다 is more specific to that crisp autumn feeling. If it's a hot summer day and a breeze blows, you say '시원하다.' If it's a beautiful October morning, '선선하다' is the more poetic and accurate choice.

❌ 에어컨을 켜서 방이 선선해요. (The room is cool because the AC is on.)
✅ 에어컨을 켜서 방이 시원해요.

In summary, keep 선선하다 for the great outdoors and the natural atmosphere of autumn. By narrowing its usage to weather and air, you'll avoid the most common errors made by learners.

To truly master 선선하다, you need to see how it fits into the broader spectrum of temperature-related words in Korean. Korean has a very rich vocabulary for 'feeling,' and choosing the right word can change the entire tone of your sentence.

시원하다 (Si-won-ha-da) - Refreshing/Cool: This is the 'big brother' of 선선하다. It is much more common and versatile. It describes anything that provides relief from heat or discomfort. It can be used for cold water, a breeze, a massage, or even the feeling after eating a hot, spicy soup (which makes you sweat and then feel 'refreshed').

쌀쌀하다 (Ssal-ssal-ha-da) - Chilly: This is the next step down on the thermometer. While 선선하다 is pleasant, 쌀쌀하다 is slightly unpleasant. It’s the kind of cold that makes you shiver slightly or wish you had brought a heavier jacket. It's often used for late autumn or early spring.

Comparison:
1. 날씨가 선선하다 (Pleasantly cool - I love this!)
2. 날씨가 쌀쌀하다 (Chilly - I'm a bit cold.)

Then we have 서늘하다 (seo-neul-ha-da). This word also means 'cool' or 'chilly,' but it often has a slightly more negative or even 'eerie' connotation. It can describe a cold draft in a dark room or the feeling of a 'chill' down your spine in a scary movie. While 선선하다 is bright and airy, 서늘하다 is often dark and cold.

쾌적하다 (Kwae-jeok-ha-da) - Pleasant/Comfortable: This word is more formal and refers to the overall environment being pleasant, usually due to a combination of temperature and low humidity. It's often used in advertisements for apartments or air purifiers. While 선선하다 is a feeling, 쾌적하다 is more of a technical description of comfort.

실내 공기가 아주 쾌적합니다.
(The indoor air is very pleasant/comfortable.)

For the extreme ends of the spectrum, you have 춥다 (chup-da) for 'cold' and 따뜻하다 (tta-tteut-ha-da) for 'warm.' 선선하다 sits perfectly in the middle-cool zone. It is more specific than 'not hot' and more descriptive than 'not cold.'

Summary Table of 'Coolness'

시원하다: General refreshing cool (drinks, air, feelings).
선선하다: Pleasant, crisp atmospheric cool (mostly autumn).
서늘하다: Chilly, sometimes eerie or sharp cool.
쌀쌀하다: Uncomfortably chilly (requires a jacket).

Understanding these distinctions allows you to paint a more vivid picture when you speak. Instead of just saying the weather is 'good' (좋다), you can specify exactly how it feels on your skin, which is a very Korean way of communicating.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

Reduplication in Korean (repeating a syllable) often indicates a state or a feeling that is continuous or pervasive. In '선선하다', the double '선' enhances the feeling of a steady, pleasant breeze.

发音指南

UK /sʌn.sʌn.ɦa.da/

US /sʌn.sʌn.ɦa.da/

The stress is relatively even across all syllables, typical of Korean, but a slight emphasis may be placed on the first 'seon'.

押韵词

든든하다 (deun-deun-ha-da) 깐깐하다 (kkan-kkan-ha-da) 잔잔하다 (jan-jan-ha-da) 생생하다 (saeng-saeng-ha-da) 당당하다 (dang-dang-ha-da) 생생하다 (saeng-saeng-ha-da) 빈빈하다 (bin-bin-ha-da) 현현하다 (hyeon-hyeon-ha-da)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'seon' like 'sun' (too short/closed). It should be an open 'eo' sound.
Over-emphasizing the 'h' in 'hada'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'ssal-ssal-hada' (double 's').
Making the 'n' too soft; it should be a clear alveolar 'n'.
Stressing the final 'da' too hard.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize due to its repetitive '선선' structure.

写作 3/5

Requires understanding the '하다' adjective conjugation rules.

口语 2/5

Simple pronunciation, though 'eo' vowel needs care.

听力 2/5

Very common in seasonal contexts; easy to pick out.

接下来学什么

前置知识

날씨 (weather) 바람 (wind) 덥다 (hot) 춥다 (cold) 시원하다 (cool/refreshing)

接下来学习

쌀쌀하다 (chilly) 서늘하다 (cool/eerie) 쾌적하다 (pleasant) 상쾌하다 (refreshing) 건조하다 (dry)

高级

천고마비 (high sky, fat horses) 환절기 (change of seasons) 기온차 (temperature difference)

需要掌握的语法

Adjective to Noun Modification (-ㄴ/은)

선선하다 -> 선선한 바람

Change of State (-아/어지다)

선선하다 -> 선선해지다

Reason/Cause (-아서/어서)

날씨가 선선해서 좋아요.

Discovery/Exclamation (-네요)

와, 정말 선선하네요!

Conditional (-면)

선선하면 창문을 여세요.

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按水平分级的例句

오늘 날씨가 선선해요.

Today's weather is cool.

Basic present tense -해요 form.

가을은 선선합니다.

Autumn is cool.

Formal -합니다 ending.

선선한 바람이 불어요.

A cool breeze is blowing.

Noun-modifying form '선선한'.

날씨가 선선해요? 네, 선선해요.

Is the weather cool? Yes, it's cool.

Question and answer in polite form.

저녁에는 선선해요.

It is cool in the evening.

Time particle -에는 used with the adjective.

와, 정말 선선하네요!

Wow, it's really cool!

Exclamatory ending -네요.

선선한 날씨가 좋아요.

I like cool weather.

Subject + adjective + noun + object + verb.

어제는 안 선선했어요.

Yesterday was not cool.

Negative '안' with past tense.

날씨가 선선해서 산책을 했어요.

The weather was cool, so I took a walk.

Reason/cause connector -아서/어서.

내일은 오늘보다 더 선선할 거예요.

Tomorrow will be cooler than today.

Comparison -보다 and future tense -ㄹ 거예요.

선선한 그늘 밑에서 쉬고 싶어요.

I want to rest under the cool shade.

Desire form -고 싶다.

비가 오더니 날씨가 선선해졌네요.

It rained, and now the weather has become cool.

Change of state -해지다.

아침저녁으로는 선선하니까 겉옷을 챙기세요.

Since it's cool in the morning and evening, bring an outer garment.

Reason connector -니까 and imperative -세요.

공기가 선선해서 기분이 상쾌해요.

Because the air is cool, I feel refreshed.

Adjective + reason + feeling adjective.

선선한 가을이 빨리 왔으면 좋겠어요.

I wish the cool autumn would come quickly.

Wish/hope form -었으면 좋겠다.

에어컨을 끄고 창문을 여니 선선한 바람이 들어와요.

When I turn off the AC and open the window, a cool breeze comes in.

Sequential action -니.

선선한 가을바람을 맞으며 자전거를 탔어요.

I rode my bike while feeling the cool autumn breeze.

Simultaneous action -으며.

낮에는 덥지만 해가 지면 선선해져요.

It's hot during the day, but it gets cool when the sun sets.

Contrast -지만 and conditional -면.

올해는 작년보다 훨씬 일찍 선선해진 것 같아요.

I think it became cool much earlier than last year.

Opinion form -ㄴ 것 같다.

선선한 날씨 덕분에 야외 활동을 하기가 아주 좋습니다.

Thanks to the cool weather, it's very good for doing outdoor activities.

Benefit connector -덕분에.

이렇게 선선한데 왜 에어컨을 켜고 있어요?

It's this cool, so why do you have the air conditioner on?

Background/contrast connector -ㄴ데.

선선한 새벽 공기를 마시니 머리가 맑아지는 기분이에요.

Breathing the cool dawn air makes me feel like my head is clearing.

Sequential action -니 and becoming form -아/어지다.

여름이 지나고 선선한 바람이 불기 시작했습니다.

Summer passed, and a cool breeze started to blow.

Starting action -기 시작하다.

산 정상에 올라가니 공기가 아주 선선하고 좋더라고요.

When I went up to the mountain peak, the air was very cool and nice (I found).

Retrospective discovery -더라고요.

선선한 가을 날씨가 이어지면서 나들이객이 늘고 있습니다.

As the cool autumn weather continues, the number of picnickers is increasing.

Continuance -면서.

방 안의 공기가 선선하게 유지되도록 환기를 시키세요.

Ventilate the room so that the air inside stays cool.

Purpose connector -도록.

선선한 기운이 감도는 숲길을 걷는 것은 큰 힐링이 됩니다.

Walking on a forest path where a cool energy lingers is a great healing experience.

Gerund phrase '-는 것'.

어느덧 무더위가 한풀 꺾이고 선선한 바람이 불어오기 시작했다.

Before I knew it, the sweltering heat had subsided and a cool breeze began to blow.

Literary plain style -ㄴ다.

선선한 날씨에 어울리는 따뜻한 차 한 잔 어떠세요?

How about a cup of warm tea that suits this cool weather?

Suitability -에 어울리는.

폭염이 물러가고 선선한 가을이 찾아온 것을 환영합니다.

We welcome the arrival of cool autumn after the heatwave has retreated.

Noun clause -ㄴ 것을.

선선한 저녁 공기를 가르며 조깅을 하니 스트레스가 풀려요.

Jogging through the cool evening air relieves my stress.

Active description '공기를 가르며'.

날씨가 선선해짐에 따라 사람들의 옷차림도 두꺼워졌습니다.

As the weather became cooler, people's clothing also became thicker.

Accordance connector -함에 따라.

가을의 문턱에서 느껴지는 선선한 바람은 계절의 변화를 실감케 한다.

The cool breeze felt at the threshold of autumn makes one realize the change of seasons.

Causative contraction -게 한다 -> -케 한다.

선선한 공기 속에 섞여 들어오는 국화 향기가 가을이 깊었음을 알린다.

The scent of chrysanthemums mixed into the cool air signals that autumn has deepened.

Noun clause indicating a fact -었음을.

그녀의 선선한 대답에 오히려 내가 당황하고 말았다.

I ended up being flustered by her frank/cool response.

Metaphorical use for personality.

한낮의 열기가 가라앉고 선선한 기운이 대지를 감싸기 시작했다.

The midday heat subsided, and a cool energy began to envelop the earth.

Personification '대지를 감싸다'.

선선한 바람이 부는 창가에 앉아 옛 추억에 잠겨 보았다.

Sitting by the window where a cool breeze blew, I lost myself in old memories.

Experiential form -어 보다.

계절은 어김없이 흘러, 어느새 선선한 기운이 옷깃을 여미게 한다.

The seasons flow without fail, and suddenly the cool air makes one straighten their collar.

Idiomatic expression '옷깃을 여미다'.

선선한 날씨는 독서의 계절인 가을의 정취를 한껏 더해준다.

The cool weather adds to the mood of autumn, the season of reading.

Giving/helping form -어 주다.

도시의 소음마저 잠재우는 선선한 밤공기가 마음을 평온하게 한다.

The cool night air, which even quiets the city noise, makes the heart peaceful.

Adverbial transformation -게 하다.

삼복더위의 끝자락에서 만나는 선선한 미풍은 자연이 주는 최고의 위로다.

The cool breeze met at the end of the midsummer heat is the greatest consolation from nature.

Metaphorical noun phrase.

선선하다 못해 서늘함마저 느껴지는 새벽녘의 산사는 정적만이 감돌았다.

In the mountain temple at dawn, where it felt beyond cool and even chilly, only silence lingered.

Emphasis pattern -다 못해.

그의 선선한 성품은 주위 사람들에게 늘 신뢰와 안도감을 주었다.

His frank and generous nature always gave trust and a sense of relief to those around him.

Personality description (archaic/literary).

지표면의 열기가 복사 냉각으로 식으며 선선한 대기가 형성되는 과정이다.

It is the process where the earth's surface heat cools through radiation, forming a cool atmosphere.

Technical/scientific description.

선선한 기운이 뼈저리게 느껴질 만큼 가을은 이미 우리 곁에 깊숙이 와 있었다.

Autumn had already come deep beside us, enough for the cool energy to be felt to the bone.

Intensifier '뼈저리게'.

인생의 황혼기에 느끼는 선선한 평온함은 젊은 날의 열정과는 또 다른 멋이 있다.

The cool tranquility felt in the twilight of life has a different charm from the passion of youth.

Philosophical comparison.

선선한 바람을 타고 전해지는 풀내음이 유년 시절의 향수를 불러일으킨다.

The scent of grass carried on the cool breeze evokes nostalgia for childhood.

Evocative phrasing '향수를 불러일으키다'.

대기의 순환에 따라 선선한 고기압의 영향권에 들면서 날씨가 쾌청해졌다.

As it came under the influence of a cool high-pressure system according to atmospheric circulation, the weather became clear.

Meteorological terminology.

常见搭配

선선한 바람

날씨가 선선하다

선선한 가을

공기가 선선하다

선선한 기운

선선한 저녁

선선한 그늘

선선해지기 시작하다

선선한 새벽

제법 선선하다

常用短语

날씨가 선선해졌어요.

— The weather has become cool. Used to note the change of seasons.

와, 하루 만에 날씨가 선선해졌어요.

선선한 바람 좀 쐬러 가요.

— Let's go get some cool air. An invitation to go outside.

공부 그만하고 선선한 바람 좀 쐬러 가요.

아침저녁으로 선선해요.

— It's cool in the mornings and evenings. Describes typical early autumn weather.

요즘은 아침저녁으로 선선해서 살 것 같아요.

선선하니 좋네요.

— It's nice and cool. A common response to pleasant weather.

에어컨 없어도 선선하니 좋네요.

선선할 때 다녀오세요.

— Go while it's cool. Advice to do something before it gets hot or cold.

더워지기 전에 선선할 때 다녀오세요.

선선한 기운이 돌다

— A cool feeling/energy is in the air.

마을에 선선한 기운이 돌기 시작했다.

선선한 날씨를 즐기다

— To enjoy the cool weather.

공원에서 선선한 날씨를 즐기는 사람들이 많아요.

선선한 옷차림

— Clothing suitable for cool weather (light layers).

선선한 옷차림으로 외출했다.

선선한 물가

— Cool waterside (like a river or stream).

선선한 물가에 앉아 발을 담갔다.

선선한 가을날

— A cool autumn day.

선선한 가을날, 우리는 여행을 떠났다.

容易混淆的词

선선하다 vs 시원하다

Broadly 'refreshing/cool'. Used for drinks, soup, and weather. '선선하다' is only for weather.

선선하다 vs 서늘하다

Cool/chilly. Often has a negative or eerie nuance. '선선하다' is always positive.

선선하다 vs 쌀쌀하다

Uncomfortably chilly. Cold enough to make you shiver. '선선하다' is pleasant.

习语与表达

"선선한 바람이 불다"

— Literally 'a cool breeze blows,' but often used to mean that a situation is becoming more favorable or relaxed.

드디어 우리 사업에도 선선한 바람이 불기 시작했다.

Metaphorical

"성격이 선선하다"

— To have a frank, generous, and easy-going personality (somewhat archaic).

그는 성격이 선선해서 누구와도 잘 어울린다.

Literary/Old-fashioned

"선선히 허락하다"

— To give permission readily and without hesitation (derived from the 'frank' meaning).

아버지는 내 여행을 선선히 허락해 주셨다.

Formal

"눈매가 선선하다"

— To have clear, refreshing-looking eyes (literary).

그 아이는 눈매가 선선하니 참 잘생겼다.

Literary

"선선한 끝"

— The end of a hot period, referring to the relief of cooling down.

무더위의 선선한 끝에 가을이 매달려 있다.

Poetic

"선선한 대답"

— A prompt and straightforward answer.

그는 나의 질문에 선선한 대답을 내놓았다.

Formal

"선선한 마음"

— A generous or untroubled heart.

선선한 마음으로 남을 도우며 살고 싶다.

Literary

"선선한 기색"

— A look of readiness or willingness on one's face.

그는 선선한 기색으로 심부름을 나섰다.

Formal

"선선한 손길"

— A generous hand (referring to giving).

이웃을 돕는 선선한 손길이 이어지고 있다.

Journalistic

"선선한 웃음"

— A bright, frank, and refreshing laugh.

그녀의 선선한 웃음소리가 마당에 가득했다.

Literary

容易混淆

선선하다 vs 시원하다

Both mean 'cool'.

'시원하다' is general refreshing (drinks, weather); '선선하다' is atmospheric (weather/air only).

물은 시원하고, 날씨는 선선해요.

선선하다 vs 쌀쌀하다

Both describe a drop in temperature.

'선선하다' is pleasant relief; '쌀쌀하다' is unpleasant chill.

선선한 가을이 지나면 쌀쌀한 겨울이 와요.

선선하다 vs 서늘하다

Both mean 'cool'.

'서늘하다' is a sharper, sometimes scary cold; '선선하다' is a soft, nice cold.

귀신 이야기에 등이 서늘해졌고, 밖은 선선했다.

선선하다 vs 쾌적하다

Both describe pleasant air.

'쾌적하다' is formal and refers to overall comfort (humidity/temp); '선선하다' is specifically about temperature.

에어컨 덕분에 실내가 쾌적해요. (Not 선선해요 in this context).

선선하다 vs 상쾌하다

Both are positive feelings from the environment.

'상쾌하다' is the internal feeling of being refreshed; '선선하다' is the external temperature.

선선한 공기를 마시니 상쾌해요.

句型

N이/가 선선해요.

날씨가 선선해요.

선선한 N

선선한 아침이에요.

선선해서 V-아요/어요.

선선해서 산책해요.

선선해지기 시작했어요.

어제부터 선선해지기 시작했어요.

선선하면 V-ㄹ까요?

선선하면 나갈까요?

선선함이 느껴지다

가을의 선선함이 느껴져요.

선선한 기운이 감돌다

숲에 선선한 기운이 감돈다.

선선하다 못해 서늘하다

날씨가 선선하다 못해 서늘해요.

词族

名词

선선함 (seon-seon-ham) - coolness/freshness (noun form)

动词

선선해지다 (seon-seon-hae-ji-da) - to become cool

形容词

선선하다 (seon-seon-ha-da) - to be cool/brisk

如何使用

frequency

High (Seasonal: Very high in Autumn, low in Winter/Summer).

常见错误

이 콜라는 선선해요. → 이 콜라는 시원해요.
You cannot use '선선하다' for food or drinks.
날씨가 선선해서 너무 추워요. → 날씨가 쌀쌀해서 너무 추워요.
'선선하다' is pleasant; if you are 'too cold', use '쌀쌀하다'.
그 옷은 정말 선선해 보여요. → 그 옷은 정말 시원해 보여요.
For clothes that look 'cool' or 'refreshing' to wear, use '시원하다'.
에어컨을 선선하게 틀어주세요. → 에어컨을 시원하게 틀어주세요.
Artificial cooling from an AC is almost always '시원하다'.
제 친구는 성격이 선선해요. → 제 친구는 성격이 쿨해요 / 시원시원해요.
Using '선선하다' for personality is rare/old-fashioned; modern speakers use '쿨하다'.

小贴士

The Goldilocks Zone

Think of '선선하다' as the 'Goldilocks' of cool—not too hot (덥다), not too cold (춥다), but just right.

Autumn's Best Friend

Always associate this word with autumn. It's the most common time you'll use it.

Noun Modifying

Remember to use '선선한' before nouns. '선선한 바람' is the most common pair.

Perfect Icebreaker

Use '날씨가 참 선선하네요' to start a conversation with a Korean speaker in September.

No Drinks!

Never use it for drinks. You will sound very strange if you call your water '선선하다'.

Poetic Nuance

Use it in your writing to show a higher level of vocabulary than just '좋다' or '시원하다'.

Radio Alerts

Listen for this word in radio weather reports; it's a signal that the heatwave is over.

Positive Vibes

Use it to express your happiness about the weather. It carries a sense of relief.

Double 'Seon'

The repetition 'Seon-Seon' mimics the repeating rhythm of a gentle breeze.

Trip Planning

If a travel guide says a place is '선선하다', it's the best time to pack your walking shoes.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Sun-Sun' (even though it's 'seon'). When the 'Sun' is not too 'Sun-ny' anymore, it becomes 'Seon-Seon' (cool).

视觉联想

Visualize a crisp, orange maple leaf floating on a gentle breeze into an open window. The air it brings is '선선하다'.

Word Web

가을 (Autumn) 바람 (Wind) 시원하다 (Cool) 산책 (Walk) 기분 (Mood) 하늘 (Sky) 구름 (Cloud) 그늘 (Shade)

挑战

Try to use '선선하다' in a sentence tomorrow morning when you first step outside. Even if you are alone, say '날씨가 선선하네!' out loud.

词源

Native Korean word. It is a reduplicated form, where '선' is repeated to emphasize the sensation.

原始含义： To be cool or refreshing in atmosphere.

Koreanic

文化背景

No particular sensitivities. It is a universally positive and safe word.

English speakers might use 'fresh' or 'crisp' for this, but 'cool' is the closest. Unlike the English slang 'cool,' this is strictly about temperature.

Commonly used in 'K-Indie' song lyrics to describe a mellow, lonely, or peaceful mood. A staple word in Korean weather broadcasts during late August. Frequently appears in 'Healing' themed Korean variety shows like 'Three Meals a Day'.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Morning Small Talk

오늘 아침 정말 선선하네요.
이제 정말 가을인가 봐요.
선선해서 잠을 잘 잤어요.
어제보다 훨씬 선선해요.

Weather Forecast

선선한 날씨가 이어지겠습니다.
평년보다 선선한 기온입니다.
낮에도 선선한 바람이 불겠습니다.
내일부터는 선선해지겠습니다.

Outdoor Activities

선선할 때 산책 가요.
선선해서 등산하기 딱 좋네요.
선선한 그늘에 앉아 쉴까요?
바람이 선선하니 기분이 좋아요.

Clothing/Fashion

선선한 날씨에 입기 좋은 옷이에요.
이제 선선하니까 긴 팔 입으세요.
선선한 바람을 막아주는 자켓이에요.
날씨가 선선해져서 옷을 정리했어요.

Home/Interior

창문 열면 선선한 공기가 들어와요.
에어컨 없이도 선선하네요.
집 안이 선선해서 쾌적해요.
밤에 선선하게 자는 게 좋아요.

对话开场白

"오늘 날씨가 정말 선선한데, 같이 산책하실래요? (The weather is really cool today, want to take a walk together?)"

"이제 아침저녁으로 꽤 선선해졌죠? (It's gotten quite cool in the mornings and evenings now, hasn't it?)"

"선선한 가을이 오면 가장 하고 싶은 게 뭐예요? (What do you want to do most when the cool autumn comes?)"

"올해는 유난히 일찍 선선해진 것 같지 않나요? (Don't you think it got cool exceptionally early this year?)"

"선선한 바람을 쐬니까 기분이 좀 어떠세요? (How do you feel now that you're getting some cool air?)"

日记主题

오늘 처음으로 선선한 바람을 느꼈을 때의 기분을 써 보세요. (Write about how you felt when you first felt the cool breeze today.)

내가 가장 좋아하는 '선선한 장소'는 어디인가요? (Where is your favorite 'cool place'?)

더운 여름과 선선한 가을 중 어느 계절을 더 좋아하나요? 그 이유는 무엇인가요? (Which season do you like better, hot summer or cool autumn? Why?)

선선한 저녁에 하고 싶은 활동 리스트를 만들어 보세요. (Make a list of activities you want to do on a cool evening.)

날씨가 선선해지면 생각나는 추억이 있나요? (Do you have any memories that come to mind when the weather gets cool?)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, you should use '시원하다' or '차가운'. '선선하다' is only for weather and air.

It is almost always positive. It implies a pleasant, comfortable coolness.

Both are okay, but '선선하다' specifically evokes the feeling of autumn or a crisp breeze, while '시원하다' is more general.

Rarely. Winter is usually '춥다' (cold) or '쌀쌀하다' (chilly). '선선하다' implies it's not quite cold yet.

No. For that, use '멋지다' or '쿨하다'.

It becomes '선선했어요' (polite) or '선선했다' (plain).

Yes, if the air in the room is naturally cool (e.g., from an open window), but '시원하다' is more common for rooms.

Both! '아침저녁으로 선선하다' is a very common phrase.

The most direct opposite in terms of feeling is '무덥다' (sweltering/humid).

'선선하게' is usually about the temperature. '선선히' often means 'readily' or 'willingly' in modern usage.

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