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A2 verb #2,500 最常用 7分钟阅读

알아듣다

开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 알아듣다 30秒了解
解析 알아듣다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '알아듣다' is introduced as a basic way to talk about hearing and knowing words. You might use it to say 'I don't understand Korean' (한국어 못 알아들어요). It is a vital survival word. At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex nuances; just focus on the fact that it means 'to understand what someone says.' You will mostly use it in the negative form ('못 알아들어요') when talking to native speakers. It helps you signal that you need them to speak slower or use simpler words. It's often paired with '천천히' (slowly).
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At the A2 level, you begin to use '알아듣다' in more varied contexts, like understanding directions or simple announcements. You start to master the 'ㄷ' irregular conjugation (알아들어요, 알아들었어요). You can now describe *why* you can't understand—perhaps because someone is speaking too fast or the environment is too noisy. You also start to use the potential form '알아들을 수 있어요' (I can understand). This level is about moving from basic survival to functional communication in predictable daily situations.
At the B1 level, you use '알아듣다' to describe more abstract comprehension. You can understand the 'gist' (대충 알아듣다) of a conversation even if you don't know every word. You start to use it in complex sentences, such as 'Even though they spoke in a dialect, I understood' (사투리로 말했지만 알아들었어요). You also become aware of the social nuance—asking someone '알아들었어?' can sound a bit blunt, so you start to use more polite honorific forms like '알아들으셨어요?' or switch to '이해하셨어요?' in formal settings.
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At the B2 level, you use '알아듣다' to discuss nuances, sarcasm, and cultural context. You can '알아듣다' the underlying meaning or intent behind someone's words (속뜻을 알아듣다). You are comfortable using idiomatic expressions like '찰떡같이 알아듣다' (to understand perfectly). You can also use the verb to describe listening to lectures, news reports, or movies without subtitles. Your focus shifts from just 'decoding words' to 'interpreting meaning and tone' in various social registers.
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At the C1 level, '알아듣다' is used to navigate highly complex or technical auditory information. You can discuss the difficulties of understanding specialized jargon or rapid-fire debates. You use the word to describe the subtle art of 'nunchi'—understanding what is left unsaid. You might use it in literary or academic contexts to describe how a message is received by an audience. You are sensitive to the power dynamics involved in the verb (e.g., how a superior uses it versus a subordinate) and can manipulate the register perfectly.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '알아듣다'. You can use it to analyze linguistic nuances, dialects, and archaic speech in historical dramas or literature. You understand the philosophical implications of 'hearing and knowing' as a unified act. You can use the verb in sophisticated rhetorical ways, perhaps discussing how a politician's message was 'understood' (interpreted) by different demographics. Your usage is effortless, incorporating all irregular forms, honorifics, and idiomatic pairings in any context.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

알아듣다 30秒了解

  • 알아듣다 specifically refers to understanding spoken language or auditory information, distinguishing it from general intellectual comprehension.
  • It is a compound verb (알다 + 듣다) and follows the 'ㄷ' irregular conjugation rules when meeting vowels.
  • In daily life, it is frequently used with '못' to express a lack of understanding due to language barriers or noise.
  • Beyond literal words, it can mean grasping a speaker's hidden intentions or social cues (nunchi).

The Korean verb 알아듣다 is a compound verb formed by combining 알다 (to know) and 듣다 (to hear/listen). At its core, it describes the cognitive process of not just hearing a sound, but successfully decoding the linguistic or contextual meaning behind spoken words. While English often uses the broad term 'understand,' 알아듣다 is specifically tied to auditory input or the immediate comprehension of a speaker's intent. It is the 'Aha!' moment when the sounds hitting your ears transform into actionable information in your brain.

Auditory Focus
Unlike '이해하다' (to understand/comprehend), which can apply to math problems or abstract concepts, '알아듣다' almost always implies someone is speaking.
Result-Oriented
It focuses on the successful outcome of the listening process. If you 'hear' but don't 'understand,' you haven't '알아듣다'-ed.

"제 말을 알아듣겠어요?" (Can you understand/follow what I am saying?)

In a classroom setting, a teacher might use this to check if students are following a lecture. In a noisy cafe, you might use it to complain that the background music is too loud to catch what your friend is saying. It encompasses everything from recognizing individual words to grasping the subtle nuance or 'vibe' of a conversation. For language learners, this is the primary verb used to describe the struggle or triumph of navigating a foreign linguistic environment.

"한국어 발음이 빨라서 잘 못 알아들었어요." (I couldn't understand well because the Korean pronunciation was fast.)

Compound Logic
알다 (Know) + 듣다 (Listen) = To know by listening.

Furthermore, '알아듣다' can extend to understanding 'hints' or 'hidden meanings.' If someone is being indirect and you finally catch their drift, you have '알아듣다'-ed their point. It is a vital verb for social fluency in Korea, where 'nunchi' (social sensing) often involves understanding what is *not* explicitly said but implied through speech.

"개떡같이 말해도 찰떡같이 알아듣다." (To understand perfectly even if the other person speaks poorly/vaguely.)

Using 알아듣다 correctly requires an understanding of the 'ㄷ' irregular conjugation and its common grammatical pairings. Since it is a verb of perception and comprehension, it frequently appears in the potential form (-을 수 있다) or with the suffix -게 (to make/allow). Because it is a compound verb, it follows the conjugation rules of its final component, 듣다.

Irregular Conjugation
When followed by a vowel, the 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ'. Example: 알아들어요 (Present), 알아들었어요 (Past).
Potentiality
Commonly used as '알아들을 수 있다' (can understand) or '알아듣겠다' (will/can understand).

"할머니 말씀을 잘 못 알아듣겠어요." (I can't really understand what grandmother is saying—perhaps due to dialect or soft voice.)

When you want to ask someone if they understood you, the most common forms are '알아들었어?' (informal), '알아들었어요?' (polite), or '알아들으셨어요?' (honorific). In more formal or slightly stern contexts, like a parent scolding a child or a boss giving instructions, you might hear '제 말 알아들었나요?' (Did you understand what I said?).

In negative sentences, '못 알아듣다' is much more common than '안 알아듣다'. '못' implies an inability (e.g., language barrier, noise), whereas '안' would imply a willful refusal to listen or understand, which is rarely the intended meaning unless describing a stubborn person.

"시끄러워서 하나도 못 알아들었어요." (It was so noisy I couldn't understand a single thing.)

With Adverbs
Use '개떡같이' (poorly) or '찰떡같이' (perfectly) for idiomatic flair. Use '대충' (roughly) for partial understanding.

You will encounter 알아듣다 in almost every facet of Korean life where communication occurs. It is the bread and butter of daily interactions, especially for those navigating the language as a second tongue. From the bustling streets of Seoul to the quiet offices of a tech firm, the need to confirm auditory comprehension is universal.

Public Announcements
Subway stations, airports, and department stores. '방송 내용을 못 알아들었어요' (I couldn't understand the announcement).
Classrooms & Lectures
Teachers checking in: '여기까지 다 알아들었니?' (Did you all understand up to here?).

"외국인이라서 제 한국말을 못 알아들을까 봐 걱정돼요." (I'm worried they won't understand my Korean because they are a foreigner.)

In K-Dramas, you'll often hear this during arguments or emotional revelations. A character might shout, '내 말 좀 알아들어!' (Just listen to/understand what I'm saying!). It conveys a sense of frustration when a message isn't getting through. Conversely, in romantic scenes, a character might whisper, '이제야 네 진심을 알아들었어' (I finally understood your true feelings/intentions).

In professional settings, it's used to confirm instructions. A manager might ask, '제가 지시한 내용 알아들으셨죠?' (You understood the instructions I gave, right?). Here, it functions as a check for operational clarity. It's also common in customer service when a representative is trying to decipher a customer's request over a bad phone line.

"전화 상태가 안 좋아서 잘 안 알아들려요." (The phone connection is bad, so I can't hear/understand you well.)

For many learners, the most frequent mistake is confusing 알아듣다 with its synonyms or related verbs of perception. While they all touch upon 'hearing' or 'understanding,' their usage contexts are distinct and mixing them up can lead to awkward phrasing.

Vs. 이해하다 (To Understand)
'이해하다' is broader and more intellectual. You '이해' a math theory, but you '알아듣다' a spoken explanation of it.
Vs. 들리다 (To be heard)
'들리다' is passive. It's about the sound reaching your ears. '알아듣다' is active. It's about the brain processing that sound.

Wrong: "수학 문제를 못 알아들었어요." (Unless the problem was spoken aloud, this is weird.)
Right: "수학 문제를 이해 못 했어요."

Another common error is failing to apply the 'ㄷ' irregular rule. Learners often say '알아듣었어요' instead of the correct '알아들었어요'. Remember: when the 'ㄷ' in the stem meets a suffix starting with a vowel, it transforms into 'ㄹ'.

Using '안 알아듣다' instead of '못 알아듣다' is also a frequent slip. '안' implies you are choosing not to understand, which sounds like you are being intentionally difficult or stubborn. In 99% of cases, especially as a learner, you want to use '못' (cannot).

"사투리가 심해서 도저히 못 알아듣겠어요." (The dialect is so strong I simply cannot understand.)

While 알아듣다 is the go-to for auditory comprehension, several other words occupy the same semantic space. Understanding these nuances will elevate your Korean from functional to sophisticated.

이해하다 (Comprehend)
The most general term. Used for logic, feelings, and complex systems. '그의 행동을 이해할 수 없어' (I can't understand his behavior).
파악하다 (Grasp/Identify)
Used when you grasp the core essence or the 'situation' of something. '상황을 파악하다' (To grasp the situation).

"요점을 정확히 파악했군요." (You've grasped the main point exactly.)

For more informal or idiomatic expressions, Koreans often use '감 잡다' (to get a feel for/to catch on). This is similar to '알아듣다' when you finally understand a hint or a tricky explanation. There's also '납득하다', which means to be convinced or to accept an explanation as logical.

"설명을 들으니 이제야 납득이 가네요." (Now that I've heard the explanation, I can accept/understand it.)

알아차리다 (Notice/Realize)
To suddenly become aware of something. '비밀을 알아차렸어요' (I noticed/found out the secret).

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

ㄷ irregular conjugation

-을 수 있다 (Potential)

-아서/어서 (Reason)

-는 척하다 (Pretending)

-기 힘들다/쉽다 (Difficulty)

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按水平分级的例句

1

제 이름을 알아들었어요?

Did you understand my name?

Past tense of 알아듣다.

2

한국말을 못 알아들어요.

I don't understand Korean.

Negative '못' + present tense.

3

선생님 말씀을 알아들어요.

I understand what the teacher says.

Object marker '말씀을'.

4

천천히 말하면 알아들어요.

If you speak slowly, I understand.

-면 (if) connector.

5

이거 알아들었어요?

Did you understand this?

Simple past question.

6

친구 말을 못 알아들었어요.

I couldn't understand my friend.

Past negative.

7

네, 알아들었어요.

Yes, I understood.

Affirmative response.

8

조금 알아들어요.

I understand a little.

Adverb '조금' (a little).

1

지하철 방송을 못 알아들었어요.

I couldn't understand the subway announcement.

Specific context: public announcement.

2

영어로 말하면 알아들을 수 있어요.

I can understand if you speak in English.

-을 수 있다 (can).

3

너무 빨라서 못 알아듣겠어요.

It's too fast, so I can't understand.

-겠- (conjecture/ability).

4

제 말을 알아들었나요?

Did you understand what I said?

-나요? (polite question).

5

다 알아들으면 고개를 끄덕이세요.

If you understand everything, please nod your head.

Imperative -으세요.

6

할머니의 사투리를 못 알아들었어요.

I couldn't understand grandmother's dialect.

Noun '사투리' (dialect).

7

전화 소리가 작아서 못 알아들어요.

The phone volume is low, so I can't understand.

Reason -아서/어서.

8

다시 말해 주면 알아들을게요.

If you say it again, I will understand.

-을게요 (future intent).

1

대충 무슨 뜻인지 알아들었어요.

I roughly understood what it means.

Adverb '대충' (roughly).

2

설명을 들으니까 이제 알아듣겠네요.

Now that I've heard the explanation, I understand.

-니까 (since/now that).

3

외국어지만 어느 정도는 알아들어요.

It's a foreign language, but I understand to some extent.

Phrase '어느 정도는' (to some extent).

4

농담을 못 알아들어서 당황했어요.

I was embarrassed because I didn't get the joke.

Noun '농담' (joke).

5

아이들이 하는 말을 알아듣기 힘들어요.

It's hard to understand what children are saying.

-기 힘들다 (hard to do).

6

회의 내용을 다 알아들으셨습니까?

Did you understand all the meeting contents?

Formal honorific -으셨습니까.

7

가사 내용을 알아들으면서 노래를 들어요.

I listen to songs while understanding the lyrics.

-으면서 (while).

8

그 사람이 왜 화났는지 알아들었어요.

I understood why that person was angry.

Indirect question clause -는지.

1

개떡같이 말해도 찰떡같이 알아들어야죠.

You should understand perfectly even if they speak poorly.

Idiomatic expression.

2

그의 말속에 숨겨진 의도를 알아들었어요.

I understood the hidden intention in his words.

Abstract object '숨겨진 의도'.

3

분위기를 보니 상황을 알아듣겠더라고요.

Looking at the atmosphere, I could understand the situation.

-더라고요 (recollection).

4

전문 용어가 많아서 알아듣기 어려웠어요.

It was hard to understand because there was a lot of jargon.

Noun '전문 용어' (jargon).

5

눈치껏 알아듣고 행동해야 합니다.

You must understand using your 'nunchi' and act accordingly.

Adverb '눈치껏'.

6

부모님의 잔소리를 한 귀로 듣고 알아듣는 척했어요.

I pretended to understand my parents' nagging while letting it go in one ear.

-는 척하다 (pretend).

7

강연자의 유머를 관객들이 잘 알아들었어요.

The audience understood the speaker's humor well.

Subject '관객들' (audience).

8

비유적인 표현이라 알아듣기 쉽지 않네요.

It's a metaphorical expression, so it's not easy to understand.

Adjective '비유적인' (metaphorical).

1

그의 침묵이 무엇을 의미하는지 알아들었다.

I understood what his silence meant.

Literary style (plain form).

2

행간을 읽듯 그의 말을 알아들어야 한다.

You must understand his words as if reading between the lines.

Metaphor '행간을 읽다'.

3

복잡한 정치적 맥락을 알아듣는 것은 중요하다.

It is important to understand the complex political context.

Gerund '-는 것'.

4

상대의 어조 변화를 통해 진심을 알아들었다.

I understood their true feelings through the change in their tone.

Noun '어조' (tone of voice).

5

그는 내 제안을 단번에 알아듣고 찬성했다.

He understood my proposal at once and agreed.

Adverb '단번에' (at once).

6

비언어적 신호까지 알아듣는 능력이 필요하다.

The ability to understand even non-verbal signals is necessary.

Adjective '비언어적' (non-verbal).

7

토론의 쟁점을 정확히 알아듣고 반박했다.

I understood the points of contention in the debate and refuted them.

Noun '쟁점' (point of contention).

8

시적 허용을 알아듣지 못하면 시를 즐길 수 없다.

If you don't understand poetic license, you can't enjoy poetry.

Noun '시적 허용' (poetic license).

1

고전 문학의 함축적인 의미를 온전히 알아듣기란 쉽지 않다.

It is not easy to fully understand the connotative meanings of classical literature.

-기란 (as for doing...).

2

그는 타인의 고통을 소리 없이 알아듣는 공감 능력이 뛰어났다.

He had an excellent empathetic ability to understand others' pain without words.

Abstract usage of '듣다'.

3

철학적 담론을 알아듣기 위해 깊은 사유가 요구된다.

Deep contemplation is required to understand philosophical discourse.

Noun '담론' (discourse).

4

시대의 부름을 알아듣고 행동하는 지식인이 되어야 한다.

One must become an intellectual who understands and acts upon the call of the times.

Metaphorical '시대의 부름'.

5

미묘한 뉘앙스의 차이를 알아듣는 것이 번역의 핵심이다.

Understanding the difference in subtle nuances is the core of translation.

Noun '뉘앙스' (nuance).

6

그의 연설은 대중의 갈망을 정확히 알아듣고 있었다.

His speech was accurately understanding (addressing) the longings of the public.

Personification of '연설'.

7

심리적 기저에 깔린 불안을 알아듣는 상담의 과정.

The process of counseling to understand the anxiety lying at the psychological base.

Noun '기저' (base/foundation).

8

언어 너머의 진리를 알아듣는 것은 구도의 길이다.

Understanding the truth beyond language is the path of seeking truth.

Phrase '언어 너머' (beyond language).

常见搭配

말을 알아듣다 (understand words)
단번에 알아듣다 (understand at once)
잘 못 알아듣다 (not understand well)
개떡같이 알아듣다 (understand poorly - idiom)
찰떡같이 알아듣다 (understand perfectly - idiom)
속뜻을 알아듣다 (understand hidden meaning)
지시를 알아듣다 (understand instructions)
농담을 알아듣다 (understand a joke)
사투리를 알아듣다 (understand dialect)
뉘앙스를 알아듣다 (understand nuance)

常用短语

무슨 말인지 알아들었어요? (Did you understand what I said?)
하나도 못 알아들겠어요. (I can't understand a single thing.)
제 말 알아들었나요? (Are you following me?)
대충 알아들었어요. (I roughly got it.)
다 알아들으셨죠? (You understood everything, right?)
말귀를 못 알아듣다 (To be slow to understand/dense)
귀신같이 알아듣다 (To understand uncannily well)
어렵게 알아듣다 (To understand with difficulty)
금방 알아듣다 (To understand immediately)
똑똑히 알아듣다 (To understand clearly)

容易混淆的词

알아듣다 vs 들리다 (to be heard - passive)

알아듣다 vs 이해하다 (to understand - intellectual)

알아듣다 vs 알아차리다 (to notice - sudden awareness)

习语与表达

"개떡같이 말해도 찰떡같이 알아듣다 (To understand perfectly even if the speech is messy)"
"말귀를 못 알아듣다 (To be unable to catch the point of what's being said)"
"한 귀로 듣고 한 귀로 흘리다 (To hear but not really 'understand' or care)"
"쇠귀에 경 읽기 (Like reading scriptures to a cow's ear - someone who won't understand/listen)"
"눈치가 빠르다 (To be quick to understand the situation/hints)"
"귀가 뚫리다 (One's ears are 'opened' - starting to understand a foreign language)"
"말귀가 밝다 (To be quick-witted in understanding speech)"
"입안의 소리 (Mumbling - making it hard to 알아듣다)"
"동문서답 (East-West Question-Answer - answering incorrectly because one didn't 알아듣다)"
"어 다르고 아 다르다 (The same thing can be understood differently based on slight changes)"

容易混淆

알아듣다 vs

알아듣다 vs

알아듣다 vs

알아듣다 vs

알아듣다 vs

句型

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如何使用

objects

Can take '말' (words), '뜻' (meaning), '내용' (content), or '의도' (intention) as objects.

negation

Always prefer '못 알아듣다' for inability.

常见错误
  • Saying '알아듣었어요' instead of '알아들었어요'.
  • Using it for a math problem (use 이해하다 instead).
  • Using '안 알아듣다' when you mean you 'can't' understand.
  • Forgetting the object marker '말을'.
  • Using it for reading a book.

小贴士

Conjugation Check

Always change '듣' to '들' when adding '어/아'. It's '알아들어요'!

Politeness

Use '알아들으셨어요?' with elders to show respect.

Negative Form

Use '못' instead of '안' to avoid sounding like you're refusing to listen.

Natural Expression

Use '대충 알아들었어요' when you got the gist but not the details.

Context Clues

If someone asks '알아들었어?', they are checking if their message was clear.

Clarification

If you don't understand, ask '다시 한번 말씀해 주시겠어요?'

Topic Sentences

Use '알아듣다' when discussing communication barriers in your writing.

Nunchi

Understanding hints is a big part of '알아듣다' in Korea.

Batchim

The 'ㄹ' sound in '알' flows smoothly into '아'.

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词源

Native Korean compound.

文化背景

The term '알아듣기' is the standard term for 'Listening' sections in exams like TOPIK.

When speaking to elders, always use '알아들으셨어요?' or '이해하셨어요?' to avoid sounding rude.

Koreans may say '알아들었어요' even if they are slightly confused, to save face. It's important to double-check with specific questions.

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真实语境

对话开场白

"한국어 방송을 다 알아들을 수 있어요?"

"제 발음이 이상해서 못 알아듣겠나요?"

"어제 회의 내용 다 알아들었어요?"

"아이들의 말을 알아듣는 게 힘들지 않아요?"

"사투리를 알아듣는 비결이 뭐예요?"

日记主题

오늘 한국어로 들은 말 중에서 가장 기억에 남는 것은 무엇인가요? 다 알아들었나요?

처음 한국어를 배울 때 가장 알아듣기 힘들었던 상황을 써 보세요.

누군가의 말을 '찰떡같이' 알아들었던 경험이 있나요?

말을 알아듣지 못해서 생겼던 재미있는 실수가 있나요?

외국어 라디오를 알아듣기 위해 어떤 노력을 하나요?

常见问题

10 个问题

알아듣다 is specifically for auditory or spoken communication. 이해하다 is for general comprehension of facts, logic, or feelings.

Yes, it follows the 'ㄷ' irregular rule because of '듣다'. The 'ㄷ' becomes 'ㄹ' before vowels.

No, for reading you would use '이해하다' or '읽고 이해하다'. 알아듣다 implies listening.

It can be, depending on the tone. To be safe, use '이해하셨어요?' or '제 설명이 괜찮았나요?'

Say '못 알아듣겠어요' or '잘 안 들려요' if it's a volume issue.

It means someone is slow to catch on or doesn't understand what people are saying to them.

Yes, '강아지가 제 말을 알아들어요' (My dog understands my words).

The act is '알아듣기', often used in '듣기 평가' (listening evaluation).

Sometimes, in a parent-child context, '말 좀 알아들어라' can mean 'Listen to me/Obey me'.

It's an idiom meaning to understand perfectly and immediately, like sticky rice cakes sticking together.

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