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B1 noun 9分钟阅读

norma

开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 norma 30秒了解
解析 norma in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should recognize norma as a word that looks very similar to 'norm' or 'normal' in English. At this stage, you will mostly see it in very simple contexts, such as describing something that is common or expected. For example, you might learn that in Poland, eating soup for dinner is the norma. You don't need to worry about complex legal or technical meanings yet. Focus on the phrase 'To jest norma' (That is the norm) or 'To norma' (That's typical). You should also be aware that it is a feminine noun, so you say ta norma. Think of it as a way to say 'standard' or 'usual thing'. It's a helpful word for making simple observations about life in Poland. Even at this basic level, knowing that 'norma' relates to what is 'normal' will help you understand many signs and simple instructions.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use norma in more specific everyday situations, particularly in medical and work contexts. You might learn to say 'Moje wyniki są w normie' (My results are within the norm) after a doctor's visit. You will also start to see the word in plural form, normy, when referring to rules or standards. You should begin to understand the difference between norma and normalny (the adjective). At A2, you are expected to handle basic declension, so you should recognize normę (accusative) and normy (genitive). For instance, 'Nie lubię tej normy' (I don't like this norm). You might also encounter it when talking about the weather or environment, like 'norma temperatury' (temperature norm). It’s a step up from A1 as you move from just recognizing the word to using it in short, functional sentences related to health and habits.
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At the B1 level, you should have a firm grasp of norma across various domains. You are expected to use it accurately in professional contexts, such as discussing normy pracy (work quotas) or normy techniczne (technical standards). You should be comfortable with the phrase 'spełniać normy' (to meet standards) and understand its importance in industry and law. B1 learners should also start to pick up on the social nuances of the word, such as normy społeczne (social norms) and how they influence behavior. You will use more complex prepositional phrases like powyżej normy (above the norm) and poniżej normy (below the norm). Your understanding of declension should be solid enough to use the correct endings in all cases, including the plural genitive norm. This is also the level where you might encounter the historical context of the word in Poland, specifically regarding industrial production during the PRL era.
At the B2 level, your use of norma becomes more nuanced and academic. You should be able to discuss normy prawne (legal norms) and distinguish them from przepisy (regulations) or zasady (principles). You can participate in debates about environmental normy emisji (emission standards) or ethical normy moralne. You should be able to use the word metaphorically or ironically, such as in the phrase 'wyrabiać 200% normy' to describe overworking. Your vocabulary should include related words like normalizacja (normalization) and normatywny (normative). At B2, you are expected to understand the word in complex texts, such as news editorials or technical manuals, without difficulty. You should also be aware of how 'norma' functions in different registers, from formal legal language to colloquial workplace slang.
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At the C1 level, you master the abstract and philosophical applications of norma. You can discuss normatywność (normativity) in social sciences or philosophy. You understand the subtle differences between norma and kanon in literature or art. You can use the word in sophisticated legal arguments, distinguishing between the norma sankcjonowana and norma sankcjonująca. Your command of the word allows you to write formal reports or academic papers where norma is a key concept. You are also sensitive to the stylistic effects of using the word; for example, using 'norma' in a poem versus a technical specification. You can effortlessly navigate the historical and cultural connotations of the word, including its role in the transformation of the Polish economy. Your use of the word is precise, elegant, and contextually perfect.
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At the C2 level, your understanding of norma is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You can appreciate and use the word in its most specialized senses, such as norma językowa (linguistic norm) in linguistics, discussing the tension between prescriptive and descriptive norms. You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about the nature of normy etyczne and how they evolve over centuries. You are familiar with obscure idioms and literary references involving the word. You can manipulate the word for rhetorical effect, whether in a high-stakes legal trial, a scientific symposium, or a complex piece of literature. At this level, norma is not just a word, but a tool for precise conceptual mapping of reality, ethics, and law. You understand every possible connotation, historical echo, and subtle shift in meaning that the word can undergo in different contexts.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

norma 30秒了解

  • Norma means standard, norm, or quota in Polish.
  • It is a feminine noun (ta norma) used in many contexts.
  • Common phrases include 'w normie' (within the norm) and 'spełniać normy'.
  • It is vital for medical, technical, and social discussions.

The Polish word norma is a versatile noun that primarily translates to "standard," "norm," "quota," or "rule." In everyday Polish, it refers to the expected state of affairs or a benchmark that something should meet. Whether you are discussing technical specifications, social behavior, or medical results, norma is the go-to term for defining what is typical or required. It is a feminine noun, following the standard declension patterns for words ending in '-a'.

Social Context
In sociology, norma społeczna refers to the unwritten rules that govern behavior in a community. Breaking these norms might lead to social exclusion or disapproval.

W dzisiejszych czasach praca zdalna to już norma.

Translation: Nowadays, remote work is already the norm.

Historically, during the communist era in Poland, norma had a very specific and often stressful connotation related to industrial production. Workers were expected to meet certain production quotas, known as normy produkcyjne. This historical baggage still colors the word in some professional contexts today, although it has largely shifted toward modern management and ISO standards.

Technical Standards
Engineers and architects frequently use normy budowlane (building codes) or normy techniczne to ensure safety and quality in their projects.

Twoje wyniki badań są w normie, nie masz się czym martwić.

Translation: Your test results are within the norm; you have nothing to worry about.

Furthermore, the word is used in legal contexts (norma prawna) to describe a specific legal rule or provision. It is more formal than zasada (principle) and implies a strict requirement. Understanding the nuances of norma is essential for B1 learners as it bridges the gap between basic everyday vocabulary and professional or academic Polish.

Environmental Norms
Environmental regulations, such as normy emisji spalin (exhaust emission standards), are critical in modern Polish political and social discourse.

Ten samochód nie spełnia europejskich norm bezpieczeństwa.

Translation: This car does not meet European safety standards.

In summary, norma is about boundaries and expectations. It defines what is acceptable, what is required, and what is typical across a vast array of human activities. Mastering this word allows you to describe anything from a blood test to a legal statute with precision.

Using norma correctly requires an understanding of Polish noun cases. As a feminine noun ending in '-a', it follows the first declension. Let's look at how the word changes depending on its role in the sentence. The most common cases you will encounter are the Nominative (subject), Genitive (possession/negation), and Locative (after certain prepositions like 'w').

Nominative (Mianownik)
Used for the subject: Ta norma jest bardzo surowa. (This standard is very strict.)

Czy istnieją jakieś normy dotyczące hałasu w tym budynku?

Translation: Are there any standards regarding noise in this building?

The Genitive case (normy) is frequently used with verbs of negation or after prepositions like 'bez' (without). For example: Nie ma żadnej normy na to zachowanie. (There is no norm for this behavior.) It is also used when specifying quantities or types: Przekroczenie normy hałasu. (Exceeding the noise limit.)

Locative (Miejscownik)
Used after 'w' to indicate state: Wszystko jest w normie. (Everything is within the norm.)

W tej normie znajdziesz wszystkie potrzebne parametry techniczne.

Translation: In this standard, you will find all the necessary technical parameters.

Verbs often paired with norma include spełniać (to meet/fulfill), przekraczać (to exceed), ustalać (to establish), and narzucać (to impose). For instance, Firma musi spełniać surowe normy ekologiczne. (The company must meet strict environmental standards.)

Accusative (Biernik)
Used for the direct object: Musimy wypracować nową normę postępowania. (We must develop a new standard of conduct.)

Rząd wprowadził nową normę prawną dotyczącą ochrony danych.

Translation: The government introduced a new legal norm regarding data protection.

When discussing plural standards, the word is normy. Example: Te normy są nieaktualne. (These standards are outdated.) In the instrumental case (normą), it is often used with the verb 'być': Punktualność powinna być normą. (Punctuality should be the norm.)

Dative (Celownik)
Less common, but used after certain verbs: Przyglądamy się tej normie z uwagą. (We are looking at this standard with attention.)

Dzięki tej normie wiemy, jak postępować w sytuacjach kryzysowych.

Translation: Thanks to this norm, we know how to behave in crisis situations.

You will encounter norma in a variety of settings, ranging from the doctor's office to the nightly news. Understanding the context is key to grasping the specific flavor of the word being used. In Poland, people are quite conscious of "norms," whether they are legal, social, or technical.

Medical Settings
When you get blood work done in Poland, the results column will often show your value alongside the norma. Doctors will say, "Wszystko jest w normie," to reassure you that your health parameters are standard.

Pielęgniarka powiedziała, że moje ciśnienie jest w normie.

Translation: The nurse said that my blood pressure is within the norm.

In the workplace, particularly in manufacturing or logistics, norma refers to the required output. You might hear workers complaining about wyśrubowane normy (excessively high standards or quotas) that are difficult to reach. This reflects a more industrial application of the word.

Environmental and News Reports
In winter, Polish news frequently reports on air quality. You will hear about przekroczenie normy smogu (exceeding the smog limit) or normy jakości powietrza (air quality standards). This is a very common topic in cities like Kraków or Warsaw.

Dzisiaj stężenie pyłów w powietrzu pięciokrotnie przekroczyło normę.

Translation: Today, the concentration of dust in the air exceeded the norm fivefold.

In casual conversation, norma is used to describe something that has become commonplace. If you tell a friend that your train was delayed, they might shrug and say, "U nas to norma" (In our country, that's the norm). It implies a sense of resignation or acceptance of a recurring situation.

Legal and Formal Contexts
Legal documents will refer to normy prawne. These are specific rules derived from statutes. Lawyers and law students deal with these daily.

Każda norma prawna składa się z hipotezy, dyspozycji i sankcji.

Translation: Every legal norm consists of a hypothesis, a disposition, and a sanction.

While norma seems straightforward because of its English cognate, there are several pitfalls that English speakers often fall into. These range from grammatical errors to subtle misuses of meaning.

Confusing "Norma" with "Zasada"
While both can mean "rule," zasada usually refers to a principle or a general rule of thumb, whereas norma implies a measurable standard or a formal regulation. Don't say "norma dynamiki" when you mean Newton's laws of motion (zasady dynamiki).

Błąd: To jest moja główna norma życiowa. (Poprawnie: zasada)

Correction: This is my main principle in life.

Another common mistake is the incorrect use of cases. Because norma ends in '-a', many learners forget that the genitive plural is norm (not normy). For example, "spełnianie norm" (meeting the standards) uses the zero-ending genitive plural.

Overusing "Norma" for "Standard"
While norma is a standard, Polish also uses the word standard. Standard is often used for quality of living (standard życia) or hotel ratings. Using norma here would sound very strange.

Błąd: Hotel ma wysokie normy. (Poprawnie: standardy)

Correction: The hotel has high standards.

Learners also struggle with the prepositional phrases. English speakers might translate "below the norm" literally as "pod normą," but the correct Polish expression is poniżej normy. Similarly, "above the norm" is powyżej normy or ponad normę.

Misunderstanding "Wyrabiać normę"
This is not about "making a norm" (creating a rule), but about "fulfilling a quota." If you want to say "to create a rule," use ustalać normę.

On ciężko pracuje, żeby wyrobić normę.

Translation: He is working hard to meet the quota.

To sound more like a native speaker, it is important to know when to use norma and when to reach for a synonym. Polish has several words that overlap with norma, but each has its own specific domain.

Standard vs. Norma
Standard is often used for quality, luxury, or technical compatibility (e.g., standard USB). Norma is more about a required rule or a statistical average.

Ten telefon to rynkowy standard, ale nie spełnia wszystkich norm bezpieczeństwa.

Translation: This phone is a market standard, but it doesn't meet all safety norms.

Another close relative is reguła (rule). While norma is often something imposed from outside (like a law or a quota), reguła can be more internal or logical, such as a rule in a game or a rule of grammar (reguła gramatyczna).

Wzorzec vs. Norma
Wzorzec refers to a physical or abstract model to be imitated. A norma is a limit or rule, while a wzorzec is the ideal example.

On jest dla mnie wzorcem uczciwości.

Translation: He is a model of honesty for me.

In a legal context, you might hear przepis (provision/regulation). While norma prawna is the abstract rule, the przepis is the actual text written in the law book. For instance, "przepisy drogowe" (traffic regulations).

Kryterium
This means "criterion." While a norma is the standard itself, a kryterium is the basis on which you judge or select something.

Głównym kryterium wyboru była cena.

Translation: The main criterion for selection was price.

How Formal Is It?

正式

""

中性

""

非正式

""

Child friendly

""

俚语

""

趣味小知识

The word 'norma' originally referred to a physical tool used by Roman builders to make sure walls were straight.

发音指南

UK /ˈnɔr.ma/
US /ˈnɔr.mə/
First syllable (NOR-ma)
押韵词
forma reforma platforma beforma kontrreforma lukarna marna ziarna
常见错误
  • Pronouncing 'r' like the English 'r' instead of rolling it.
  • Putting stress on the last syllable.
  • Making the 'o' sound like 'ou'.
  • Making the 'a' sound like 'ey'.
  • Pronouncing 'n' too softly.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize because of the English cognate.

写作 3/5

Requires knowledge of feminine noun declension, especially the genitive plural 'norm'.

口语 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires a rolled 'r'.

听力 2/5

Clearly audible in medical and professional contexts.

接下来学什么

前置知识

zasada reguła standard prawo zdrowie

接下来学习

normalizacja normatywny ustawa przepis parametr

高级

anomia stachanowiec dyrektywa homologacja standaryzacja

需要掌握的语法

Feminine Noun Declension

Norma (Nom), Normy (Gen), Normie (Dat/Loc), Normę (Acc), Normą (Inst).

Genitive after negation

Nie widzę tej normy.

Locative after 'w'

W tej normie jest błąd.

Zero ending in Genitive Plural

Zbiór wielu norm (not normy).

Adjective Agreement

Surowa norma, surowe normy.

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按水平分级的例句

1

To jest nasza norma.

This is our norm.

Simple nominative case.

2

To nie jest norma.

This is not the norm.

Negation with 'nie jest'.

3

Czy to jest norma?

Is this the norm?

Interrogative sentence.

4

To jest nowa norma.

This is the new norm.

Adjective 'nowa' matching feminine 'norma'.

5

To norma w Polsce.

That's the norm in Poland.

Dropping the verb 'jest' for colloquial effect.

6

Moja norma to osiem godzin.

My norm is eight hours.

Possessive pronoun 'moja'.

7

To jest dobra norma.

This is a good norm.

Adjective 'dobra'.

8

Każda norma jest ważna.

Every norm is important.

Determiner 'każda'.

1

Wynik jest w normie.

The result is within the norm.

Locative case 'normie' after 'w'.

2

Musimy znać te normy.

We must know these norms.

Plural accusative 'normy'.

3

On nie spełnia tej normy.

He does not meet this norm.

Genitive case 'normy' after negation.

4

Jaka jest norma temperatury?

What is the temperature norm?

Genitive of possession.

5

To jest powyżej normy.

This is above the norm.

Genitive case after 'powyżej'.

6

To jest poniżej normy.

This is below the norm.

Genitive case after 'poniżej'.

7

Pracujemy według normy.

We work according to the norm.

Genitive case after 'według'.

8

Nie ma żadnej normy.

There is no norm at all.

Genitive case after 'nie ma'.

1

Firma wprowadziła nowe normy bezpieczeństwa.

The company introduced new safety standards.

Compound noun phrase.

2

Trudno jest wyrobić taką normę.

It is hard to meet such a quota.

Infinitive 'wyrobić' with 'normę'.

3

To zachowanie odbiega od normy.

This behavior deviates from the norm.

Genitive case after 'od'.

4

Musimy przestrzegać norm społecznych.

We must follow social norms.

Genitive plural 'norm'.

5

Norma została przekroczona o dziesięć procent.

The norm was exceeded by ten percent.

Passive voice.

6

Każdy produkt musi spełniać unijne normy.

Every product must meet EU standards.

Adjective 'unijne' (EU).

7

W tej branży to absolutna norma.

In this industry, that's an absolute norm.

Emphatic adjective 'absolutna'.

8

Zawsze staram się pracować ponad normę.

I always try to work above the quota.

Prepositional phrase 'ponad normę'.

1

Norma prawna jest podstawą systemu.

The legal norm is the basis of the system.

Technical legal term.

2

Zjawisko to stało się nową normą kulturową.

This phenomenon has become a new cultural norm.

Instrumental case 'normą' after 'stało się'.

3

Należy ustalić jasne normy etyczne.

Clear ethical standards should be established.

Impersonal verb 'należy'.

4

Czy te normy są kompatybilne z naszymi?

Are these standards compatible with ours?

Adjective 'kompatybilne'.

5

Przekroczenie norm hałasu grozi mandatem.

Exceeding noise standards risks a fine.

Verbal noun 'przekroczenie'.

6

Norma ISO 9001 dotyczy zarządzania jakością.

The ISO 9001 standard concerns quality management.

Proper noun 'ISO' modifying 'norma'.

7

Współczesne normy moralne ulegają zmianie.

Modern moral norms are undergoing change.

Verb 'ulegać' with dative.

8

To jest norma dyspozytywna, a nie imperatywna.

This is a dispositive norm, not an imperative one.

Advanced legal terminology.

1

Norma językowa bywa przedmiotem gorących sporów.

The linguistic norm is often the subject of heated disputes.

Abstract academic context.

2

System ten opiera się na normach wzajemności.

This system is based on norms of reciprocity.

Sociological term.

3

Doszło do rażącego naruszenia norm dyplomatycznych.

A blatant violation of diplomatic norms occurred.

Formal diplomatic language.

4

Norma ta ma charakter powszechnie obowiązujący.

This norm is universally binding.

Formal legal phrasing.

5

Analiza wykazała liczne odstępstwa od przyjętej normy.

The analysis showed numerous deviations from the accepted norm.

Scientific register.

6

Wyrabianie normy stało się obsesją tamtego ustroju.

Meeting the quota became an obsession of that regime.

Historical/political commentary.

7

Kanon piękna to zmienna w czasie norma estetyczna.

The canon of beauty is a time-varying aesthetic norm.

Philosophical/Art history context.

8

Norma kompetencyjna określa zakres władzy organu.

A competence norm defines the scope of an authority's power.

Public law terminology.

1

Relatywizm podważa istnienie uniwersalnych norm.

Relativism challenges the existence of universal norms.

High-level philosophical discourse.

2

Norma sankcjonująca wchodzi w grę przy złamaniu zakazu.

A sanctioning norm comes into play when a prohibition is broken.

Specialized legal theory.

3

Erozja norm społecznych prowadzi do anomii.

The erosion of social norms leads to anomie.

Advanced sociological theory.

4

Należy odróżnić normę postępowania od samej zasady.

One must distinguish the norm of conduct from the principle itself.

Precise conceptual distinction.

5

W językoznawstwie norma to uzualny sposób użycia języka.

In linguistics, a norm is the usual way of using language.

Descriptive linguistic definition.

6

Norma ta jest immanentną cechą tego systemu.

This norm is an immanent feature of this system.

Sophisticated vocabulary ('immanentna').

7

Dezaktualizacja norm technicznych wymusza innowacje.

The obsolescence of technical standards forces innovation.

Economic/technical synthesis.

8

To jest norma programowa, wyznaczająca cele państwa.

This is a programmatic norm, setting the state's goals.

Constitutional law nuance.

常见搭配

spełniać normy
przekraczać normę
w granicach normy
norma prawna
norma społeczna
norma techniczna
norma ISO
wyrabiać normę
norma moralna
poniżej normy

常用短语

To norma.

— That's normal/typical.

Spóźnienia pociągów? To norma.

Wszystko w normie.

— Everything is fine/as expected.

Jak zdrowie? Wszystko w normie.

Poza normą.

— Outside the standard range.

To zachowanie jest poza normą.

Norma unijna.

— European Union standard.

Musimy dostosować się do norm unijnych.

Zgodnie z normą.

— In accordance with the standard.

Zbudowano to zgodnie z normą.

Nowa norma.

— A new standard or way of life.

Maseczki stały się nową normą.

Przyjęta norma.

— An accepted or established norm.

Taka jest przyjęta norma w tej firmie.

Surowa norma.

— A strict standard.

Mamy bardzo surowe normy czystości.

Norma dobowa.

— Daily allowance or quota.

Przekroczyłeś dobową normę cukru.

Odbiegać od normy.

— To differ from the norm.

Pogoda odbiega od normy.

容易混淆的词

norma vs zasada

Zasada is a principle; norma is a measurable standard.

norma vs standard

Standard often refers to quality of life or hotel ratings.

norma vs reguła

Reguła is a rule of logic or a game.

习语与表达

"Wyrabiać 200% normy"

— To work excessively hard, often used sarcastically.

On znowu wyrabia 200% normy.

informal/ironic
"To u nas norma"

— This is typical for our situation, often used to complain.

Biurokracja? To u nas norma.

informal
"Mieścić się w normie"

— To be within acceptable limits.

Twoje zachowanie ledwo mieści się w normie.

neutral
"Wyjść poza normę"

— To do something extraordinary or unusual.

Jego talent wychodzi poza normę.

neutral
"Norma huty"

— A very high standard (archaic reference to heavy industry).

To jest norma huty, nie dasz rady.

informal
"Zjeść swoją normę"

— To eat one's usual amount.

Zjadł swoją normę i poszedł spać.

informal
"Trzymać normę"

— To maintain a certain level of quality or behavior.

Zawsze staramy się trzymać normę.

neutral
"Poniżej wszelkiej normy"

— Completely unacceptable; extremely poor quality.

Obsługa w tej restauracji jest poniżej wszelkiej normy.

emphatic
"Walka o normę"

— Struggling to meet requirements.

To była codzienna walka o normę.

historical/literary
"Zgodność z normą"

— Compliance with standards.

Sprawdzamy zgodność z normą ISO.

formal

容易混淆

norma vs normalny

Adjective vs noun.

Normalny means 'normal'; norma is the 'norm'.

To jest normalny dzień, ale norma pracy jest wysoka.

norma vs nienormalny

Opposite meaning.

Nienormalny means crazy or abnormal.

To zachowanie jest nienormalne.

norma vs normatyw

Technical variation.

Normatyw is a specific technical allowance or regulation.

Sprawdź normatyw zużycia paliwa.

norma vs standard

Cognate confusion.

Standard is quality; norma is a rule/limit.

Wysoki standard życia nie oznacza braku norm.

norma vs przepis

Both mean 'rule'.

Przepis is a specific legal or cooking instruction.

Przepis na ciasto to nie norma.

句型

A1

To jest [przymiotnik] norma.

To jest dobra norma.

A2

[Rzeczownik] jest w normie.

Cukier jest w normie.

B1

Musimy spełniać [rzeczownik w gen. pl.] normy.

Musimy spełniać unijne normy.

B2

Przekroczenie [rzeczownik w gen.] normy...

Przekroczenie dobowej normy hałasu...

C1

Norma ta stanowi o...

Norma ta stanowi o prawach obywatela.

C1

W świetle obowiązujących norm...

W świetle obowiązujących norm to jest legalne.

C2

Normatywny charakter [rzeczownik w gen.]...

Normatywny charakter tych postulatów jest sporny.

C2

Aksjologiczne podstawy norm...

Aksjologiczne podstawy norm moralnych są głębokie.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

相关

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如何使用

frequency

Very frequent in medical, technical, and social contexts.

常见错误
  • W normą → W normie

    The preposition 'w' in this context requires the locative case, which is 'normie'.

  • Pod normą → Poniżej normy

    English 'below the norm' is translated as 'poniżej normy', not 'pod normą'.

  • Zasady ISO → Normy ISO

    Technical standards like ISO are always called 'normy' in Polish.

  • Dużo normy → Dużo norm

    After 'dużo', you need the genitive plural, which is 'norm'.

  • Norma hotele → Standard hotelu

    For hotel quality, use 'standard', not 'norma'.

小贴士

Genitive Plural

Remember that 'norma' has a zero ending in the genitive plural: 'norm'. Don't say 'normy' when you mean 'of the norms'.

Medical Results

If a Polish doctor says 'Wszystko w normie', it is good news. It means your results are normal.

The 200% Quota

The phrase 'wyrabiać 200% normy' is a famous historical reference. Use it to joke about someone working too hard.

Norma vs. Zasada

Use 'zasada' for principles and 'norma' for measurable standards or formal rules.

The Rolled R

Make sure to tap your tongue against the roof of your mouth for the 'r' in 'norma'.

Formal Contexts

In professional writing, always use 'spełniać normy' to say a product meets requirements.

Casual Filler

You can use 'To norma' as a quick response to something typical or expected.

Air Quality

In winter, listen for the word 'norma' in news reports about smog levels in Polish cities.

Normal Norma

Visualize a woman named Norma who is very 'normal' and follows every rule.

Below/Above

Always use 'poniżej' and 'powyżej' with the genitive form 'normy'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Normal Norma' who always follows the 'norma' (standards).

视觉联想

Imagine a carpenter's square or a medical chart with a green 'normal' range highlighted.

Word Web

standard reguła zdrowie praca ISO prawo społeczeństwo typowy

挑战

Try to use 'norma' in three different contexts today: health, work, and social behavior.

词源

From Latin 'norma', meaning a carpenter's square, rule, or pattern.

原始含义： A tool used by builders to ensure right angles.

Indo-European (Italic -> Romance -> borrowed into Polish).

文化背景

Be careful using 'nienormalny' (abnormal/crazy) as it can be offensive, though 'poza normą' is more neutral.

In English, 'norm' is often social (social norms), while 'standard' is more technical. In Polish, 'norma' covers both easily.

PRL propaganda posters urging workers to 'wyrabiać normę'. ISO 9001 certification seen on many Polish products. Medical results in Poland always listing the 'norma'.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the doctor

  • Czy to jest w normie?
  • Wyniki odbiegają od normy.
  • Norma ciśnienia.
  • Powyżej normy.

At work

  • Muszę wyrobić normę.
  • Normy bezpieczeństwa.
  • Praca ponad normę.
  • Wysokie normy.

Technical/Engineering

  • Norma ISO.
  • Zgodnie z polską normą.
  • Normy techniczne.
  • Spełniać wymagania normy.

Social/Behavioral

  • To jest norma społeczna.
  • Łamanie norm.
  • To u nas norma.
  • Przyjęte normy.

Environmental

  • Normy emisji spalin.
  • Przekroczenie normy smogu.
  • Jakość powietrza w normie.
  • Ochrona środowiska i normy.

对话开场白

"Czy uważasz, że dzisiejsze normy społeczne są zbyt surowe?"

"Jakie normy bezpieczeństwa są najważniejsze w twojej pracy?"

"Czy w twoim kraju spóźnianie się to norma?"

"Jak często sprawdzasz, czy twoje wyniki badań są w normie?"

"Czy praca ponad normę jest w twojej firmie nagradzana?"

日记主题

Opisz sytuację, w której ktoś złamał ważną normę społeczną i jak na to zareagowałeś.

Czy uważasz, że normy piękna w mediach społecznościowych są szkodliwe? Dlaczego?

Napisz o dniu, w którym musiałeś pracować ponad normę. Co wtedy czułeś?

Jakie normy kulturowe w Polsce najbardziej cię zaskoczyły?

Zastanów się, jak normy prawne wpływają na twoje codzienne życie.

常见问题

10 个问题

'Norma' is usually a formal rule or a statistical average (like a health norm). 'Standard' refers more to quality, like a hotel standard or a technical format (USB standard).

Yes, 'norma' is a feminine noun and always takes feminine adjectives and verb forms in the past tense (e.g., 'norma była').

The correct phrase is 'poniżej normy', where 'normy' is in the genitive case.

Yes, especially in industrial contexts, 'norma' refers to the amount of work one is expected to complete.

It means 'That's typical for us' or 'That's just how things are here,' often used when complaining about something recurring.

Yes, 'norma prawna' is a fundamental term in Polish law, referring to a specific legal rule.

The genitive plural is 'norm'. Example: 'przestrzeganie norm'.

Use the phrase 'w normie'. This is the locative case.

Yes, 'normy społeczne' are the unwritten rules of social behavior.

It refers to international quality and safety standards set by the International Organization for Standardization.

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自我测试 200 个问题

writing

Write a sentence using 'w normie' about your health.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'spełniać normy' about a product.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'That's the norm in our office.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'ponad normę' about work.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'Air quality standards were exceeded today.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'norma społeczna'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Describe a 'norma prawna' in your own words (Polish).

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'My blood pressure is within the norm.'

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'odbiegać od normy'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'We must set new standards.'

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'norma ISO'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'It's a typical situation.' (using norma)

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'wyrabiać normę'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'Social norms are changing.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'poniżej normy'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'This is a new legal norm.'

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'w granicach normy'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'Meeting the standards is required.'

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Write a sentence using 'norma moralna'.

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Translate: 'There are many technical standards.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Everything is within the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'That's the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'I must meet the quota' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Social norms are important' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'The results are below the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'We follow the standards' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'It deviates from the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Legal norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Technical standards' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'EU standards' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Meeting the standards' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Exceeding the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Within the limits of the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'A strict standard' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'A new standard' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Punctuality is the norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'Moral norms' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'The standard has been established' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'I work above the quota' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Say 'There is no norm' in Polish.

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen to the word: 'norma'. How many syllables?

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Which case do you hear in 'w normie'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Which case do you hear in 'spełniać normę'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Which case do you hear in 'poniżej normy'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the adjective in: 'nowa norma'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Does the speaker say 'norma' or 'normy' in 'To są nasze normy'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

What is the last sound of 'normą'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

What is the first sound of 'norma'?

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Listen for the stress: 'NOR-ma'. Which syllable is stressed?

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the word: 'normatywny'. Is it a noun or adjective?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Does the speaker say 'w normie' or 'w normę'?

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正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the context: 'Twoje ciśnienie jest w normie'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Identify the context: 'Musimy wyrobić normę'.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Is the 'r' in 'norma' rolled or soft?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Does the speaker sound formal or informal when saying 'To norma'?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

/ 200 correct

Perfect score!

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