Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In Hindi, the person experiencing a feeling or need is marked with 'ko', not the subject.
- Use 'ko' for the experiencer: 'Mujhe' (Mujh + ko) means 'to me'.
- The verb agrees with the object, not the person: 'Mujhe seb pasand hai' (I like apples).
- For needs, use 'chahiye' which remains invariant for singular objects: 'Mujhe pani chahiye'.
Overview
Experiencer Pronouns
| Pronoun | Dative Form | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
|
Main
|
Mujhe
|
To me
|
|
Tum
|
Tumhe
|
To you (informal)
|
|
Aap
|
Aapko
|
To you (formal)
|
|
Woh
|
Use
|
To him/her
|
|
Hum
|
Hamein
|
To us
|
|
Ve
|
Unhe
|
To them
|
Meanings
This construction is used for psychological states, physical needs, and possession where the subject is not the agent but the experiencer.
Likes/Dislikes
Expressing preference for objects or activities.
“मुझे संगीत पसंद है।”
“मुझे फिल्में देखना अच्छा लगता है।”
Needs/Desires
Expressing a requirement or want.
“मुझे पानी चाहिए।”
“उसे एक नई किताब चाहिए।”
Physical/Mental States
Expressing hunger, cold, or pain.
“मुझे भूख लगी है।”
“मुझे ठंड लग रही है।”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Experiencer + ko + Object + hai
|
Mujhe chai pasand hai
|
|
Negative
|
Experiencer + ko + Object + nahi + hai
|
Mujhe chai pasand nahi hai
|
|
Question
|
Kya + Experiencer + ko + Object + hai?
|
Kya tumhe chai pasand hai?
|
|
Need
|
Experiencer + ko + Object + chahiye
|
Mujhe pani chahiye
|
|
Feeling
|
Experiencer + ko + Feeling + lagna
|
Mujhe bhook lagi hai
|
|
Past
|
Experiencer + ko + Object + pasand + aaya
|
Mujhe woh pasand aaya
|
正式程度
Mujhe jal ki avashyakta hai. (Asking for water)
Mujhe pani chahiye. (Asking for water)
Mujhe pani chahiye. (Asking for water)
Pani chahiye. (Asking for water)
The Dative Subject Web
Needs
- chahiye need
Likes
- pasand like
States
- lagna feel
按水平分级的例句
मुझे पानी चाहिए।
I need water.
मुझे सेब पसंद है।
I like apples.
तुम्हें क्या चाहिए?
What do you need?
मुझे यह अच्छा लगा।
I liked this.
मुझे दूध नहीं चाहिए।
I don't need milk.
क्या तुम्हें फिल्में पसंद हैं?
Do you like movies?
मुझे भूख लगी है।
I am hungry.
उसे चाय पसंद नहीं है।
He/she doesn't like tea.
मुझे बहुत ठंड लग रही है।
I am feeling very cold.
क्या आपको मेरी मदद चाहिए?
Do you need my help?
उसे यह काम पसंद नहीं आया।
He didn't like this work.
मुझे देर हो रही है।
I am getting late.
मुझे लगता है कि यह सही है।
I think this is correct.
उसे अपनी गलती का एहसास हुआ।
He realized his mistake.
क्या तुम्हें दर्द हो रहा है?
Are you in pain?
मुझे यह किताब पढ़नी है।
I have to read this book.
मुझे इस बात से कोई फर्क नहीं पड़ता।
It makes no difference to me.
उसे अपनी मेहनत का फल मिला।
He got the fruit of his labor.
मुझे यह सुनकर खुशी हुई।
I was happy to hear this.
क्या तुम्हें मेरी बात समझ आई?
Did you understand what I said?
मुझे यह निर्णय लेने में हिचकिचाहट हो रही है।
I am feeling hesitant to make this decision.
उसे इस स्थिति का आभास नहीं था।
He had no inkling of this situation.
मुझे यह स्वीकार्य नहीं है।
This is not acceptable to me.
क्या तुम्हें इस विषय में रुचि है?
Are you interested in this topic?
容易混淆
Learners use 'lena' (to take) when they mean 'need'.
They are similar but 'pasand' is a state, 'achha lagna' is an experience.
Using 'hona' for physical states.
常见错误
Main pasand hai
Mujhe pasand hai
Mujhe pasand hoon
Mujhe pasand hai
Mujhe chai chahiye hai
Mujhe chai chahiye
Main bhook
Mujhe bhook lagi hai
Mujhe aam pasand hai (plural)
Mujhe aam pasand hain
Tumhe pasand hai?
Kya tumhe pasand hai?
Mujhe nahi chahiye
Mujhe nahi chahiye
Mujhe thandi lag rahi hai
Mujhe thand lag rahi hai
Mujhe usse pasand hai
Mujhe woh pasand hai
Mujhe kaam karna chahiye
Mujhe kaam karna hai
Mujhe yeh baat samajh gaya
Mujhe yeh baat samajh aayi
Mujhe uski baat ka bura laga
Mujhe uski baat buri lagi
Mujhe interest hai
Mujhe ruchi hai
Mujhe yeh pasand hua
Mujhe yeh pasand aaya
句型
Mujhe ___ pasand hai.
Mujhe ___ chahiye.
Mujhe ___ lag raha hai.
Mujhe ___ ka ehsaas hua.
Real World Usage
Mujhe pizza chahiye.
Mujhe yeh photo pasand aayi.
Mujhe is role mein ruchi hai.
Mujhe ticket chahiye.
Mujhe dard ho raha hai.
Mujhe bhi!
Check the object
Don't use 'Main'
Chahiye is special
Be polite
Smart Tips
Use 'chahiye' for singular and plural objects.
Check the object's number.
Use 'lagna' for physical states.
Always start with 'Kya'.
发音
Ko
The 'o' is a long, rounded vowel.
Mujhe
The 'j' is a voiced palatal affricate.
Question
Kya tumhe chai pasand hai? ↑
Rising intonation at the end.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'ko' as a magnet pulling the feeling toward you.
视觉联想
Imagine a person holding a sign that says 'KO' pointing to their heart, with a heart icon floating above.
Rhyme
When you want or when you like, use 'ko' to start the hike.
Story
I (Mujhe) am hungry. I need (chahiye) food. I like (pasand) pizza. All these start with 'Mujhe' because the feeling is directed at me.
Word Web
挑战
Write 5 sentences about things you like and need using 'Mujhe'.
文化笔记
Very common in daily speech.
Uses more Sanskritized vocabulary.
Uses 'pasand' frequently.
Derived from Sanskrit dative case markers.
对话开场白
Kya tumhe chai pasand hai?
Tumhe kya chahiye?
Kya tumhe garmi lag rahi hai?
Kya tumhe yeh film achhi lagi?
日记主题
常见错误
Test Yourself
___ chai pasand hai.
Mujhe aam pasand ___.
Find and fix the mistake:
Main pani chahiye.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
I am hungry.
Answer starts with: Muj...
Mujhe ___ chahiye.
Mujhe bahut ___ lag rahi hai.
Mujhe seb pasand hai.
Score: /8
练习题
8 exercises___ chai pasand hai.
Mujhe aam pasand ___.
Find and fix the mistake:
Main pani chahiye.
hai / pasand / mujhe / chai
I am hungry.
Mujhe ___ chahiye.
Mujhe bahut ___ lag rahi hai.
Mujhe seb pasand hai.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
6 exercisesतुम्हें मेरा मैसेज ____? (दिखा / दिखी)
चाहिए / मुझे / छुट्टी / एक
____ हिंदी आती है। (मैं / मुझे)
उसे पुरानी फ़िल्में अच्छा लगता है।
Match the following
Do you like this place?
Score: /6
常见问题 (8)
Because the person is the experiencer, not the agent.
No, it is invariant for gender.
Add 'nahi' before 'pasand'.
Yes, 'Mujhe tumse pyaar hai'.
It is neutral.
Use 'hain' instead of 'hai'.
Yes, it is identical.
No, use 'Mere paas'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Me gusta
Spanish uses a verb 'gustar', Hindi uses a postpositional construction.
Me plaît
French is more rigid with word order.
Mir gefällt
German has more complex case endings.
Watashi wa... ga suki
Japanese is topic-prominent.
Yu'jibuni
Arabic is verb-initial.
Wo xihuan
Chinese does not use dative subjects.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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