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B1 adjective 6分钟阅读

vendido

开始练习例句笔记与提示 vendido 30秒了解

解析 vendido in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know 'vendido' as the result of buying something. It is the opposite of 'comprado' (bought). You will mostly see it on signs in shop windows or real estate listings. Focus on the simple fact: if you pay money and take the item, it is 'vendido'. Remember that if you are talking about 'uma maçã' (an apple), you say 'vendida' because it is feminine. If you talk about 'um livro' (a book), you say 'vendido'. At this stage, do not worry about the figurative meanings. Just think of it as the label for something that is no longer available for purchase because someone else already bought it.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'vendido' in simple past tense sentences with the verb 'ser'. For example, 'O meu carro foi vendido ontem' (My car was sold yesterday). You should also be able to use the plural forms: 'Os sapatos foram vendidos'. You might start noticing the word in news headlines about companies being sold. You are also learning to distinguish between 'vender' (the action) and 'vendido' (the state). It is important to practice the agreement between the noun and the adjective consistently, as this is a common point of evaluation at this level.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with 'vendido' in various contexts, including more abstract ones. You will encounter it in the 'best-seller' context ('o livro mais vendido'). You should also begin to understand the figurative meaning of 'vendido' as a 'sell-out' or someone who lacks principles. This is common in social and political discussions. You can use it to describe feelings, such as 'sentir-se vendido' (to feel betrayed or left in the lurch). You are expected to handle the passive voice more naturally and understand how 'vendido' functions as a past participle in compound tenses, although its use as an adjective is more frequent in this specific form.

At the B2 level, you understand the nuance between 'vendido' and its synonyms like 'esgotado' or 'comercializado'. You can use 'vendido' in complex sentences involving hypothetical situations, such as 'Se o prédio tivesse sido vendido antes, não teríamos este problema'. You are aware of regional differences, such as the specific use of 'estar vendido' in Portugal to mean being in a vulnerable position. You can participate in debates about ethics where you might call a strategy or a person 'vendida' to imply they have lost their integrity for profit. Your use of gender and number agreement should be near-perfect by now.

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At the C1 level, you recognize 'vendido' in legal and highly formal contexts, such as 'bens vendidos em hasta pública' (goods sold at public auction). You understand the historical and social connotations of being a 'vendido' in Portuguese culture, particularly in post-revolutionary history or colonial contexts. You can use the word with subtle irony or sarcasm. You also understand the financial terminology where 'estar vendido' (being short) refers to a specific market position where one profits from a price drop. Your vocabulary is rich enough to choose 'vendido' over 'alienado' or 'cedido' based on the specific legal or social implication you wish to convey.

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At the C2 level, 'vendido' is a tool for precise expression. You can use it in literary analysis to describe a character's moral decay or in high-level political analysis. You understand the deepest etymological roots and how they relate to other Romance languages. You can use the word in complex idiomatic expressions and understand its role in classic Portuguese literature. Whether it's a technical discussion on contract law or a poetic description of a soul 'sold' to the devil, you use 'vendido' with the same fluidity and nuance as a native speaker, perfectly balancing its literal and metaphorical weights.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

vendido 30秒了解

Vendido means 'sold' in a commercial sense, indicating a completed transaction.
It must agree in gender (vendido/vendida) and number (vendidos/vendidas) with the noun.
Figuratively, it means 'sell-out' or someone who betrays principles for money.
In European Portuguese, 'estar vendido' can mean being exposed or vulnerable.

The Portuguese word vendido is primarily the past participle of the verb vender (to sell), but it functions extensively as an adjective. In its most literal sense, it describes an object, property, or service that has been exchanged for currency. However, its utility in the Portuguese language extends far beyond the marketplace, reaching into the realms of sports, politics, and personal relationships where it often carries a heavy emotional or moral weight.

Literal Commercial Use: This is the most common application. When you see a sign on a house saying 'Vendido', it means the transaction is complete. It must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies: o carro vendido (the sold car), a casa vendida (the sold house).
The Figurative 'Sold Out': Much like in English, calling a person 'vendido' implies they have compromised their values for money or personal gain. It is a common insult in political discourse or artistic circles to describe someone who has abandoned their principles.
Vulnerability and Exposure: In European Portuguese specifically, the expression 'estar vendido' can mean being in a precarious or vulnerable situation, often because one has been left without support or has been outmaneuvered.

Infelizmente, o último exemplar já foi vendido esta manhã.

Translation: Unfortunately, the last copy was already sold this morning.

In a retail context, you will frequently encounter the phrase 'Tudo vendido' (Everything sold/Sold out) or 'Esgotado'. While 'esgotado' specifically means 'exhausted' or 'out of stock', 'vendido' focuses on the act of the sale itself. In the world of sports, a player who is 'vendido' might be one whose contract has been transferred to another club, often against their preference or the fans' wishes.

Aquele político é um vendido; ele mudou de opinião por causa de um suborno.

Translation: That politician is a sell-out; he changed his opinion because of a bribe.

Understanding the nuances of 'vendido' requires recognizing whether the speaker is discussing a commercial transaction or making a character judgment. In Brazilian Portuguese, the slang usage of 'vendido' to mean 'betrayed' is particularly potent during arguments or discussions about loyalty.

Using vendido correctly involves mastering its role as both a result of an action (passive voice) and a descriptive state. Because it is an adjective derived from a verb, it must always match the noun it refers to in gender and number. This is a fundamental rule in Portuguese grammar that English speakers often forget.

Passive Voice Construction: Used with the auxiliary verb 'ser' to indicate that a sale took place. Example: 'O quadro foi vendido por um milhão' (The painting was sold for a million).
As a Direct Adjective: Used to describe the current status of an object. Example: 'Não toque no sofá vendido' (Don't touch the sold sofa).
Metaphorical Application: Used as a noun to label a person. Example: 'Ele é um vendido' (He is a sell-out).

As ações foram vendidas no momento certo.

Translation: The shares were sold at the right moment.

When using 'vendido' to describe a person's state of being in a difficult situation, we use the verb 'estar'. For example, 'Senti-me vendido naquela reunião' (I felt betrayed/exposed in that meeting). This suggests a temporary state or a specific instance of feeling let down.

Não podemos confiar nele; ele já se mostrou um homem vendido.

Translation: We cannot trust him; he has already shown himself to be a sold-out man.

In daily life in Portugal or Brazil, you will encounter vendido in several distinct environments. From high-stakes financial news to casual playground insults, the word is versatile and ubiquitous.

In the Real Estate Market: Walking through Lisbon or São Paulo, you'll see signs on balconies. 'Vende-se' (For sale) eventually turns into 'Vendido' (Sold). It's the ultimate goal of any property listing.
In Sports Media: Football (soccer) commentators often use the term. If a goalkeeper is left 'vendido' by his defenders, it means they left him completely exposed to the attacker, making a goal almost inevitable.
In Political Activism: During protests, you might see signs calling a leader 'Vendido ao capital' (Sold to capital/big business). It's a sharp critique of corruption.

A defesa falhou e o guarda-redes ficou totalmente vendido.

Translation: The defense failed and the goalkeeper was left totally exposed.

You'll also hear it in the context of 'best-sellers'. In Portuguese, a best-selling book is often referred to as 'o livro mais vendido' (the most sold book). This is a standard way to discuss commercial success in the arts.

Este é o álbum mais vendido da década no Brasil.

Translation: This is the best-selling album of the decade in Brazil.

Even intermediate students of Portuguese (B1 level) often stumble when using vendido. These errors usually stem from direct translation from English or forgetting the grammatical requirements of Portuguese adjectives.

Mistake 1: Gender Neutrality: In English, 'sold' is the same for a car or a house. In Portuguese, saying 'A casa foi vendido' is a major error. It MUST be 'A casa foi vendida'.
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Venda': 'Venda' is the noun (the sale). Students sometimes say 'O vendido foi bom' when they mean 'A venda foi boa' (The sale was good).
Mistake 3: Misusing 'Ser' vs 'Estar': Use 'ser' for the fact of the sale ('O carro foi vendido'). Use 'estar' to describe the resulting state or the figurative feeling of being betrayed ('Ele está vendido').

As maçãs foram vendido.
As maçãs foram vendidas.

Correction: The apples were sold (plural feminine agreement).

Another subtle mistake is using 'vendido' when you mean 'esgotado' (sold out/out of stock). While related, 'vendido' emphasizes the transaction, whereas 'esgotado' emphasizes the lack of remaining items. If you go to a store and they have no more bread, they are 'esgotados', not necessarily just 'vendidos'.

While vendido is the standard term, Portuguese offers a rich palette of alternatives depending on the context, whether you're in a business meeting or a heated argument.

Comercializado: A more formal, technical term meaning 'commercialized' or 'marketed'. Used in business reports. Example: 'O produto é comercializado em toda a Europa'.
Alienado: In legal terms, 'alienar' means to transfer ownership. An 'imóvel alienado' is one whose ownership has been transferred, often to a bank as collateral.
Traído / Corrompido: When using 'vendido' as an insult (sell-out), these are the synonyms. 'Traído' means betrayed, and 'corrompido' means corrupted.

O terreno foi cedido ao governo, não vendido.

Translation: The land was ceded to the government, not sold.

In the context of tickets for an event, you might hear 'lotação esgotada' (sold out/full capacity) instead of 'bilhetes vendidos'. 'Lotação' refers to the capacity of the venue.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The Latin 'vendere' is a contraction of 'venum dare', literally 'to give for sale'.

发音指南

UK /vẽˈdi.du/

US /vẽˈdi.du/

Second syllable (di).

押韵词

pedido sentido ouvido querido perdido nascido decidido comido

常见错误

Pronouncing 'en' as a clear 'n' instead of a nasal vowel.
Pronouncing the final 'o' as a strong 'oh' instead of 'u'.
Stress on the first syllable.
Missing the nasalization entirely.
In Brazil, forgetting the palatalization of 'di' to 'ji'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize in context.

写作 3/5

Agreement rules require attention.

口语 3/5

Nasal vowels can be tricky for beginners.

听力 2/5

Distinctive sound, usually clear.

接下来学什么

前置知识

vender dinheiro casa carro comprar

接下来学习

venda vendedor esgotado negócio lucro

高级

alienação comercialização corrupção fidelidade

需要掌握的语法

Gender Agreement

A caneta (f) está vendida.

Number Agreement

Os livros (m.pl) estão vendidos.

Passive Voice with Ser

O jornal foi vendido.

Resultative State with Estar

A loja está vendida (the business itself is sold).

Past Participle as Adjective

O objeto vendido era caro.

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按水平分级的例句

O pão está vendido.

The bread is sold.

Masculine singular agreement.

A boneca foi vendida.

The doll was sold.

Feminine singular agreement.

Tudo foi vendido.

Everything was sold.

'Tudo' is treated as masculine singular.

O carro vendido é azul.

The sold car is blue.

Adjective modifying the noun.

Os bolos estão vendidos.

The cakes are sold.

Masculine plural agreement.

Esta casa está vendida.

This house is sold.

Feminine singular agreement.

O bilhete já foi vendido.

The ticket was already sold.

Use of 'já' with past participle.

As flores foram vendidas.

The flowers were sold.

Feminine plural agreement.

O meu computador antigo foi vendido por cem euros.

My old computer was sold for one hundred euros.

Passive voice with 'foi'.

Eles disseram que o apartamento já estava vendido.

They said the apartment was already sold.

Imperfect tense of 'estar' for a state.

Muitas roupas foram vendidas na feira.

Many clothes were sold at the fair.

Feminine plural agreement.

O livro mais vendido do ano é sobre história.

The best-selling book of the year is about history.

Superlative construction.

Nenhum dos quadros foi vendido no leilão.

None of the paintings were sold at the auction.

Negative sentence with passive voice.

Aquelas bicicletas foram vendidas rapidamente.

Those bicycles were sold quickly.

Adverb 'rapidamente' modifying the action.

O terreno vendido pertencia ao meu avô.

The sold land belonged to my grandfather.

Relative clause implied.

As entradas para o concerto estão todas vendidas.

The tickets for the concert are all sold.

State of being with 'estar'.

Sinto-me um pouco vendido nesta situação.

I feel a bit betrayed/exposed in this situation.

Figurative use with 'sentir-se'.

O autor foi acusado de ser um vendido pela crítica.

The author was accused of being a sell-out by the critics.

Noun use as an insult.

Com o defesa fora do lugar, o guarda-redes ficou vendido.

With the defender out of place, the goalkeeper was left exposed.

Idiomatic use in sports.

A empresa foi vendida a um grupo estrangeiro.

The company was sold to a foreign group.

Business context.

Depois da polêmica, ele é visto como um político vendido.

After the controversy, he is seen as a sold-out politician.

Adjective describing character.

As ações que eu tinha foram vendidas com lucro.

The shares I had were sold at a profit.

Financial context.

O segredo foi vendido ao jornal por uma fonte anônima.

The secret was sold to the newspaper by an anonymous source.

Abstract object being sold.

Ela não quer ser vendida como uma simples celebridade.

She doesn't want to be marketed as a simple celebrity.

Metaphorical marketing sense.

O património da família foi vendido para pagar as dívidas.

The family estate was sold to pay the debts.

Purpose clause with 'para'.

Ele agiu como se estivesse vendido aos interesses da oposição.

He acted as if he were sold to the interests of the opposition.

Subjunctive mood with 'como se'.

A alma do artista não pode ser vendida por qualquer preço.

The artist's soul cannot be sold for any price.

Philosophical context.

Os direitos de transmissão foram vendidos por um valor recorde.

The broadcasting rights were sold for a record amount.

Complex noun phrase.

Sempre que um ideal é vendido, a sociedade perde um pouco.

Whenever an ideal is sold out, society loses a little.

Conditional/temporal clause.

O jogador sentiu-se vendido quando o clube o transferiu sem aviso.

The player felt betrayed when the club transferred him without notice.

Emotional state.

Aquelas patentes foram vendidas antes de serem registadas.

Those patents were sold before being registered.

Passive voice with 'antes de'.

Não aceito ser tratado como um produto vendido no mercado.

I don't accept being treated like a product sold on the market.

Comparison using 'como'.

A soberania do país não deve ser vendida em troca de empréstimos.

The country's sovereignty should not be sold in exchange for loans.

High-level political discourse.

O imóvel, embora vendido, permanece sob disputa judicial.

The property, although sold, remains under judicial dispute.

Concessive clause with 'embora'.

Ele é um intelectual vendido, cujas ideias servem apenas ao poder.

He is a sold-out intellectual, whose ideas serve only power.

Relative pronoun 'cujas'.

A rede de espionagem foi vendida por um agente duplo.

The spy network was sold out by a double agent.

Agent of the passive voice.

O conceito foi vendido como a solução definitiva para a crise.

The concept was marketed as the definitive solution to the crisis.

Metaphorical use in business strategy.

Sentimo-nos vendidos pela falta de transparência da direção.

We felt betrayed by the management's lack of transparency.

Collective feeling of betrayal.

O espólio do poeta foi vendido a uma fundação privada.

The poet's estate was sold to a private foundation.

Specific vocabulary 'espólio'.

A dignidade humana não é algo que possa ser vendido.

Human dignity is not something that can be sold.

Subjunctive with 'possa'.

A historiografia contemporânea denuncia o modo como o território foi vendido.

Contemporary historiography denounces the way the territory was sold.

Academic register.

O réu declarou-se vendido perante a evidência irrefutável.

The defendant declared himself defeated/exposed before the irrefutable evidence.

Legal/literary nuance.

Trata-se de uma consciência vendida ao vil metal.

It is a conscience sold to the 'vile metal' (money).

Idiomatic expression 'vil metal'.

A herança cultural foi vendida a retalho por governantes imprevidentes.

The cultural heritage was sold piecemeal by improvident rulers.

Adverbial phrase 'a retalho'.

O silêncio do jornalista foi vendido por uma soma avultada.

The journalist's silence was sold for a substantial sum.

Abstract transaction.

Vendido ao diabo por uma promessa de juventude eterna.

Sold to the devil for a promise of eternal youth.

Literary allusion.

A sua lealdade, outrora inabalável, fora vendida ao melhor licitante.

His loyalty, once unshakable, had been sold to the highest bidder.

Pluperfect tense 'fora'.

O veredito pareceu aos olhos do povo uma sentença vendida.

The verdict seemed to the eyes of the people a bought sentence.

Adjective implying corruption.

常见搭配

mais vendido

foi vendido

estar vendido

preço vendido

totalmente vendido

vendido ao desbarato

bem vendido

recém-vendido

vendido separadamente

alma vendida

常用短语

Tudo vendido

— Everything is sold out.

Chegamos tarde, está tudo vendido.

Vendido e entregue por

— Sold and delivered by (common in e-commerce).

Vendido e entregue por Amazon.

Já está vendido

— It's already sold.

Não adianta licitar, já está vendido.

Vendido ao melhor licitante

— Sold to the highest bidder.

O quadro foi vendido ao melhor licitante.

Sinto-me vendido

— I feel betrayed or left alone.

Sem o teu apoio, sinto-me vendido.

Preço de vendido

— The actual price it was sold for.

Qual foi o preço de vendido?

Vendido por uma bagatela

— Sold for a very low price.

O relógio foi vendido por uma bagatela.

Ações vendidas

— Sold shares.

As ações vendidas geraram lucro.

Vendido na planta

— Sold before being built (real estate).

O prédio foi todo vendido na planta.

Vendido sob reserva

— Sold under reservation.

O lote está vendido sob reserva.

容易混淆的词

vendido vs venda

Venda is the noun (the sale), vendido is the adjective (sold).

vendido vs vendo

Vendo is 'I sell' or 'seeing'. Don't confuse it with the state of being sold.

vendido vs venal

Venal is a more academic term for someone who can be bought (corrupt).

习语与表达

"Estar vendido"

— To be in a situation where you have no defense or support.

O ministro estava vendido perante as perguntas.

informal

"Vendido ao vil metal"

— Someone who does anything for money.

Ele é um artista vendido ao vil metal.

literary

"Vender gato por lebre"

— To sell something of poor quality as something good (related to the act of selling).

Aquele vendedor tentou vender-me gato por lebre.

common

"Vendido ao sistema"

— Someone who gave up their rebellion to join the establishment.

O punk agora é um vendido ao sistema.

slang

"Ficar vendido"

— To be left in a difficult position by someone else's failure.

Fiquei vendido quando ele não apareceu.

informal

"Vendido por um prato de lentilhas"

— To sell something valuable for a very small, immediate gain (biblical origin).

Vendeu a sua honra por um prato de lentilhas.

literary

"Vendido a peso de ouro"

— Sold for a very high price.

Este azeite é vendido a peso de ouro.

idiomatic

"Vendido pela boca"

— To be caught or betrayed by one's own words.

O mentiroso é vendido pela boca.

proverbial

"Não se vender"

— To remain incorruptible.

Ela é uma juíza que não se vende.

formal

"Vendido ao desbarato"

— Sold for much less than it's worth.

O patrimônio público foi vendido ao desbarato.

formal

容易混淆

vendido vs esgotado

Both mean you can't buy it.

Vendido means a sale happened; esgotado means the stock is finished.

Os bilhetes estão esgotados (none left) vs O bilhete foi vendido (that specific one).

vendido vs comprado

Opposite sides of the same coin.

Vendido is from the seller's perspective; comprado is from the buyer's.

Eu comprei o livro (I bought) / O livro foi vendido (The book was sold).

vendido vs vencido

Sounds similar.

Vencido means 'expired' or 'defeated'.

O leite está vencido (expired) vs O leite foi vendido (sold).

vendido vs cedido

Both involve transfer.

Cedido is giving/granting; vendido is for money.

O lugar foi cedido (given) vs O lugar foi vendido (sold).

vendido vs rendido

Sounds similar.

Rendido means 'surrendered'.

O soldado está rendido (surrendered) vs O carro está vendido (sold).

句型

O/A [noun] está vendido/a.

O pão está vendido.

[Noun] foi vendido/a por [price].

A mota foi vendida por mil euros.

Sinto-me [adverb] vendido/a.

Sinto-me totalmente vendido.

O [noun] mais vendido.

O disco mais vendido.

Se fosse [noun], já estaria vendido.

Se fosse bom, já estaria vendido.

Apesar de vendido, [clause].

Apesar de vendido, o carro ainda está aqui.

Eis uma alma vendida a [abstract noun].

Eis uma alma vendida à ganância.

O [noun] fora vendido sem que...

O segredo fora vendido sem que ninguém soubesse.

词族

名词

venda

vendedor

vendedora

vendagem

动词

vender

revender

vender-se

形容词

vendível

invendável

vendido

如何使用

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written Portuguese.

常见错误

A casa foi vendido. → A casa foi vendida.
The adjective must agree with the feminine noun 'casa'.
Eu vendo o carro (meaning 'The car is sold'). → O carro está vendido.
'Eu vendo' means 'I sell' (present tense).
O livro é esgotado. → O livro está esgotado.
Use 'estar' for temporary states like being out of stock.
Ele é um vender. → Ele é um vendido.
Use the past participle as a noun to mean 'sell-out', not the infinitive.
Eles foram vendido. → Eles foram vendidos.
Plural agreement is required.

小贴士

Agreement

Always check if your noun is feminine. If it is, use 'vendida'. This is the most common mistake for English speakers.

Best-sellers

Use 'o mais vendido' to talk about popular products, books, or songs.

Insults

Avoid calling people 'vendido' unless you really mean they are corrupt. It's a strong word.

Nasal Vowels

Practice the 'ven-' sound. Don't let your tongue touch the roof of your mouth for the 'n'.

Sports Talk

Use 'vendido' when watching football to describe an exposed goalkeeper.

Real Estate

Look for 'Vendido' signs to understand the market speed in a neighborhood.

Betrayal

Use 'ficar vendido' when a plan fails because someone else didn't do their part.

Passive Voice

'Foi vendido' is very common in news. Practice this structure.

Context

If you hear 'vendido' in a political speech, it's almost certainly an insult.

Visuals

Associate 'vendido' with a price tag and a checkmark.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Vending' machine. If a machine gives you a soda, the soda is 'vendido'.

视觉联想

Imagine a big red 'SOLD' sticker on a house. In Portuguese, that sticker says 'VENDIDO'.

Word Web

vender venda vendedor vendido revender vendível mercado dinheiro

挑战

Try to find three items in your house and say out loud: 'Este [item] está vendido' or 'Esta [item] está vendida'.

词源

From the Latin 'venditus', the past participle of 'vendere' (to sell).

原始含义： Exchanged for money.

Romance (Latin root).

文化背景

Be careful calling a person 'vendido' as it implies corruption or lack of character.

Directly equivalent to 'sold' or 'sell-out'.

The phrase 'Vendido ao sistema' in Brazilian rock lyrics. Real estate signs in Portuguese films. Sports headlines in 'A Bola' or 'Globo Esporte'.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Real Estate

Apartamento vendido
Vendido na planta
Terreno já vendido
Sinal de vendido

Retail

Produto mais vendido
Vendido separadamente
Tudo vendido
Item vendido

Sports

Guarda-redes vendido
Defesa vendida
Jogador vendido
Passe vendido

Finance

Ações vendidas
Estar vendido (short)
Título vendido
Ativo vendido

Social/Moral

Político vendido
Artista vendido
Sentir-se vendido
Consciência vendida

对话开场白

"Já vendeste o teu carro antigo?"

"Qual é o livro mais vendido que já leste?"

"Achas que aquele jogador foi vendido por um preço justo?"

"Alguma vez te sentiste vendido por um amigo?"

"O que farias se visses um anúncio de 'Vendido' na casa dos teus sonhos?"

日记主题

Escreve sobre uma coisa que vendeste e de que sentes falta.

Descreve uma situação em que te sentiste 'vendido' (exposto ou sem apoio).

O que significa para ti ser um 'vendido' no mundo da arte?

Imagina que és um vendedor imobiliário. Como te sentes quando um imóvel é finalmente vendido?

Reflete sobre a expressão 'vendido ao vil metal'.

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, absolutely. In Portuguese, adjectives must agree in gender and number. 'O carro vendido', 'A casa vendida', 'Os carros vendidos', 'As casas vendidas'.

Yes, but be careful. It usually means the person is a 'sell-out' who compromised their values for money. It is an insult.

It usually describes a goalkeeper or defender who has been left without help, making them easy to beat. They are 'exposed'.

Not exactly. 'Esgotado' is the best translation for 'sold out' (out of stock). 'Vendido' just means 'sold'.

You can say 'best-seller' (common in Brazil) or 'o livro mais vendido'.

'Foi vendido' focuses on the past action of selling. 'Está vendido' focuses on the current state of the item.

Yes, 'estar vendido' means to have a 'short position' in the stock market.

Yes, figuratively. If a friend leaves you alone in a tough spot, you can say 'Ele deixou-me vendido'.

Yes, 'uma vendida'.

No, it indicates that the 'e' is nasal. It sounds like the 'en' in the French word 'enfant' but with a Portuguese 'e'.

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