A1 Case System 1 min read 简单

Accusative Case (Direct Object)

标记为已学
Practice it

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The Accusative case marks the direct object receiving the action of the verb, often changing the ending of nouns.

  • Inanimate masculine nouns stay the same: Я вижу дом (I see a house).
  • Feminine nouns ending in -а change to -у: Я люблю маму (I love mom).
  • Animate masculine nouns add -а: Я вижу брата (I see my brother).
Subject + Verb + Object (with ending change)

Meanings

The Accusative case indicates the direct object of a transitive verb, identifying who or what is being acted upon.

1

Direct Object

The entity directly affected by the verb.

“Я пью кофе.”

“Он купил машину.”

2

Direction/Motion

Used with prepositions to indicate destination.

“Я иду в школу.”

“Мы едем в Москву.”

3

Time Duration

Used to express how long something lasts.

“Я ждал час.”

“Мы работали неделю.”

Accusative Case Endings (Singular)

Gender Nominative Accusative (Inanimate) Accusative (Animate)
Masculine стол / друг стол друга
Feminine книга / мама книгу маму
Neuter окно окно окно

Reference Table

Reference table for Accusative Case (Direct Object)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Subj + Verb + Acc Я вижу друга.
Negative Subj + не + Verb + Acc Я не вижу друга.
Question Verb + Subj + Acc? Ты видишь друга?
Destination Verb + в/на + Acc Я иду в школу.
Duration Verb + Acc (Time) Я ждал час.

正式程度

正式
Я хотел бы приобрести хлеб.

Я хотел бы приобрести хлеб. (Shopping)

中性
Я хочу купить хлеб.

Я хочу купить хлеб. (Shopping)

非正式
Хочу купить хлеба.

Хочу купить хлеба. (Shopping)

俚语
Надо взять хлебушка.

Надо взять хлебушка. (Shopping)

Accusative Case Map

Accusative

Function

  • Object Direct object
  • Motion Destination

Change

  • -а -> -у Feminine
  • Add -а Animate Masc
Sign up free to read full explanation

Examples by Level

1

Я вижу дом.

I see a house.

2

Я люблю маму.

I love mom.

3

Он читает книгу.

He is reading a book.

4

Я хочу пиццу.

I want a pizza.

1

Мы едем в Москву.

We are going to Moscow.

2

Я ждал друга час.

I waited for a friend for an hour.

3

Она купила новую машину.

She bought a new car.

4

Я смотрю интересный фильм.

I am watching an interesting movie.

1

Он положил книгу на стол.

He put the book on the table.

2

Я учусь в университет.

I study at the university.

3

Мы провели весь день в парке.

We spent the whole day in the park.

4

Она пригласила меня на ужин.

She invited me to dinner.

1

Это решение изменило всю мою жизнь.

This decision changed my whole life.

2

Он посмотрел на меня с удивлением.

He looked at me with surprise.

3

Я должен закончить этот проект к пятнице.

I must finish this project by Friday.

4

Они обсуждали важную проблему.

They were discussing an important problem.

1

Он принял вызов судьбы.

He accepted the challenge of fate.

2

Она посвятила себя искусству.

She dedicated herself to art.

3

Мы преодолели все трудности.

We overcame all difficulties.

4

Он выразил свою благодарность.

He expressed his gratitude.

1

Он смотрел на мир сквозь призму опыта.

He looked at the world through the prism of experience.

2

Она чувствовала себя хозяйкой положения.

She felt like the master of the situation.

3

Это событие потрясло всё общество.

This event shook the whole society.

4

Он не мог скрыть свою иронию.

He could not hide his irony.

Easily Confused

Accusative Case (Direct Object) 对比 Nominative vs Accusative

Both can look the same for inanimate nouns.

Accusative Case (Direct Object) 对比 Accusative vs Genitive

Both use -а for animate masculine.

Accusative Case (Direct Object) 对比 Accusative vs Prepositional

Both used with 'в'.

常见错误

✗

Я люблю мама.

✓

Я люблю маму.

Feminine nouns need -у ending.
✗

Я вижу стола.

✓

Я вижу стол.

Inanimate nouns don't add -а.
✗

Он читает книга.

✓

Он читает книгу.

Direct object needs Accusative.
✗

Я иду в школа.

✓

Я иду в школу.

Destination needs Accusative.
✗

Мы едем в Москвы.

✓

Мы едем в Москву.

Destination requires Accusative singular.
✗

Я ждал друга час.

✓

Я ждал друга час.

Correct, but ensure animate ending is used.
✗

Она купила новый машина.

✓

Она купила новую машину.

Adjective must also agree.
✗

Он положил книгу на столе.

✓

Он положил книгу на стол.

Motion to a place uses Accusative, not Prepositional.
✗

Я учусь в университете.

✓

Я учусь в университете.

Wait, this is location (Prepositional).
✗

Она пригласила меня на ужине.

✓

Она пригласила меня на ужин.

Accusative for event destination.
✗

Он принял вызов судьбе.

✓

Он принял вызов судьбы.

Genitive needed here.
✗

Она посвятила себя искусству.

✓

Она посвятила себя искусству.

Dative is correct, but check Accusative usage.
✗

Мы преодолели все трудности.

✓

Мы преодолели все трудности.

Correct.

Sentence Patterns

Я вижу ___.

Я люблю ___.

Я иду в ___.

Я купил ___.

Real World Usage

Ordering food constant

Я хочу пиццу.

Texting very common

Вижу тебя!

Travel common

Я еду в аэропорт.

Job interview occasional

Я знаю эту программу.

Social media common

Смотрю фильм.

Shopping very common

Я куплю эту книгу.

Sign up free to see all examples
💡

Animate vs Inanimate

Ask yourself: can it walk? If yes, it's animate.
⚠️

Don't skip the ending

Your meaning will be lost if you don't change the ending.
🎯

Practice with verbs

Learn verbs that always take the Accusative.
💬

Native flow

Listen to how Russians stress the object.

Smart Tips

Change -а to -у.

Я вижу книга. → Я вижу книгу.

Add -а to masculine nouns.

Я вижу друг. → Я вижу друга.

Use Accusative for destination.

Я иду в парк. → Я иду в парк.

Use Accusative for how long.

Я ждал час. → Я ждал час.

发音

o -> a

Vowel reduction

Unstressed vowels change sound.

g -> k

Consonant devoicing

Final consonants become soft.

Statement

Я вижу дом ↓

Neutral information

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Accusative is the 'Action' case: you take an action, it hits the object.

Visual Association

Imagine a ball being thrown. The ball is the action, and it hits a target. The target changes its shape (ending) when the ball hits it.

Rhyme

When you do it to a thing, change the ending, make it sing!

Story

Ivan sees a cat. Ivan is the subject. The cat is the object. Because the cat is alive, Ivan sees the 'кота'. If Ivan sees a table, he sees a 'стол'.

Word Web

видетьлюбитьчитатькупитьждатьехать

挑战

Write 5 sentences about things you see in your room right now using the Accusative case.

文化笔记

Cases are the backbone of Russian identity.

Similar case system.

Similar case system.

The Accusative case comes from Proto-Indo-European.

Conversation Starters

“

Что ты читаешь?

“

Кого ты любишь?

“

Куда ты идешь?

“

Что ты купил вчера?

Journal Prompts

Write about your favorite food.
Describe your daily commute.
What did you do today?
Reflect on a goal.
Sign up free to see all tips

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct ending.

Я вижу ___ (книга).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: книгу
Feminine -а becomes -у.
Choose the correct form. 多项选择

Я люблю ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: маму
Animate feminine.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Я вижу стола.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я вижу стол.
Inanimate masculine.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я вижу друга.
Standard order.
Translate to Russian. 翻译

I want a pizza.

Answer starts with: Я х...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу пиццу.
Accusative object.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Я / читать / книга

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я читаю книгу.
Direct object.
Sort by case. Grammar Sorting

Which is Accusative?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: книгу
Accusative ending.
Conjugate the noun. Conjugation Drill

Accusative of 'друг'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: друга
Animate masculine.

Score: /8

练习题

8 exercises
Fill in the correct ending.

Я вижу ___ (книга).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: книгу
Feminine -а becomes -у.
Choose the correct form. 多项选择

Я люблю ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: маму
Animate feminine.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Я вижу стола.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я вижу стол.
Inanimate masculine.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

вижу / я / друга

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я вижу друга.
Standard order.
Translate to Russian. 翻译

I want a pizza.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу пиццу.
Accusative object.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Я / читать / книга

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я читаю книгу.
Direct object.
Sort by case. Grammar Sorting

Which is Accusative?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: книгу
Accusative ending.
Conjugate the noun. Conjugation Drill

Accusative of 'друг'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: друга
Animate masculine.

Score: /8

常见问题 (8)

Inanimate masculine and neuter nouns don't change in the Accusative.

If it's a person or animal, it's animate.

Yes, for duration.

They have their own rules, usually based on animacy.

No, use Prepositional for location.

It takes practice, but it's very logical.

Yes, they must agree with the noun.

Some, but focus on the main rules first.

Sign up free to practice

In Other Languages

Spanish partial

Direct object pronoun

Spanish uses word order; Russian uses endings.

French low

Direct object

No case endings in French.

German high

Akkusativ

German uses articles for case.

Japanese moderate

O-particle

Japanese uses particles, not noun endings.

Arabic moderate

Mansoub

Arabic is Semitic, not Indo-European.

Chinese none

Word order

No case system.

Previous
Nominative Case (Subject)

Related Grammar Rules

A2

Instrumental Case (States)
A2

Genitive Case (Negation)
A1

Case Roles Overview
A1

Nominative Case (Subject)
A1

Prepositional Case (Location)
Was this helpful?

评论 (0)

登录后评论
还没有评论。成为第一个分享想法的人！