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A2 adjective 11分钟阅读

ojust

例句 ojust 30秒了解
解析 ojust in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'ojust' as 'not fair.' It is a very useful word for basic social interactions. You might use it when playing a game with friends or when someone doesn't share something. At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex spelling variations like 'osjyst.' Just focus on the basic meaning: something is wrong because it isn't equal or fair. You will mostly hear it in short sentences like 'Det är ojust!' (That is unfair!). It is one of the first words Swedish children learn to express that they are unhappy with a situation. Even with a very limited vocabulary, being able to say something is 'ojust' helps you express a clear opinion about a social situation.
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At the A2 level, you should start using 'ojust' to describe specific actions and behaviors. You can move beyond simple declarations and start using it in sentences like 'Han var ojust mot mig' (He was unfair to me). You should also notice that the word doesn't change its form for 'en' or 'ett' words in the singular, which makes it easier to use. At this level, you can also start to recognize the word in slightly more complex contexts, such as sports or simple news stories about fairness. You might also begin to see the plural form 'ojusta,' as in 'ojusta regler' (unfair rules). It's a great word for adding a bit of emotional color to your descriptions of people and their actions.
By B1, you should be comfortable using 'ojust' in a variety of social and professional settings. You can use it to talk about workplace situations, like an 'ojust' workload or 'ojusta' conditions. You should also be able to distinguish 'ojust' from its more formal cousin 'orättvis' (unjust) and its more informal cousin 'taskig' (mean). At this level, you should also be aware of the spelling variation 'osjyst' and understand that while it's common in texts and social media, 'ojust' is the preferred spelling for more formal writing. You can also start using the word as an adverb: 'Han betedde sig ojust' (He behaved unfairly). Your understanding of the word should now include the nuance of 'not being a good sport.'
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At the B2 level, you can use 'ojust' to discuss more abstract concepts like 'ojust konkurrens' (unfair competition) or 'ojusta avtalsvillkor' (unfair contract terms). You should be able to follow debates where the word is used to frame moral arguments. You'll notice that 'ojust' often implies a violation of an unspoken social contract. For example, in a political debate, calling an opponent's argument 'ojust' suggests they are fighting 'dirty.' You should also be confident in using the word in its definite and plural forms without hesitation. At this stage, you can use 'ojust' to provide subtle commentary on social dynamics, showing that you understand the Swedish cultural emphasis on fairness and 'schysst' behavior.
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At the C1 level, you should have a nuanced grasp of the rhetorical power of 'ojust.' You can use it to critique social structures or complex interpersonal dynamics. You understand that while 'orättvis' might describe the legal reality, 'ojust' describes the moral and social perception of that reality. You can use the word in academic or professional writing to describe practices that undermine the integrity of a system. You are also familiar with related expressions and idioms, and you can use 'ojust' to describe very subtle slights or 'micro-aggressions' in a social context. Your pronunciation should be near-native, correctly handling the difficult 'sj-sound' at the beginning of the second syllable.
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At the C2 level, 'ojust' is a tool you use with precision. You can discuss the philosophical differences between 'ojusthet' (the noun form, meaning unfairness) and 'orättvisa' in a legal or ethical treatise. You can pick up on the word's use in high-level literature to signal a character's moral compass or to highlight a societal hypocrisy. You are comfortable using it in all registers, from the most informal slang to the most formal legalistic discussion of 'ojusta affärsmetoder.' You understand the deep cultural roots of the word in the Swedish concept of the 'folkhem' and how the idea of fairness is woven into the national identity. You can use the word to navigate the most complex social situations with native-level tact and accuracy.
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例句

ojust 30秒了解

  • Ojust is the Swedish word for 'unfair' or 'mean' in social and competitive contexts.
  • It is the opposite of 'just' (fair/cool) and is frequently used by both children and adults.
  • The word emphasizes a lack of sportsmanship or a violation of unwritten social rules.
  • While 'orättvis' is used for formal injustice, 'ojust' is the preferred word for interpersonal slights.

The Swedish word ojust is a fascinating adjective that captures a specific blend of unfairness, lack of sportsmanship, and social unkindness. At its core, it is the negation of the Swedish word just, which itself is borrowed from the French juste. While in English 'just' often feels legalistic or heavy, in Swedish, it is used colloquially to mean 'fair,' 'decent,' or 'cool.' Consequently, ojust is the go-to word when someone breaks the unwritten rules of social conduct or acts in a way that gives them an unfair advantage at the expense of others.

Basic Definition
In its most literal sense, ojust means unfair or unjust. It describes actions, decisions, or behaviors that violate a sense of equity or balance. If two children are playing a game and one changes the rules halfway through to win, that behavior is quintessentially ojust.
Social Connotation
Beyond mere fairness, the word carries a weight of 'mean' or 'not nice.' If a friend reveals a secret you told them in confidence, a Swede might exclaim, 'Vad ojust!' (How mean/unfair!). It implies a betrayal of trust or a lack of basic decency.
The Sportsmanship Aspect
In sports, ojust is used to describe foul play or unsportsmanlike conduct. A dirty tackle in football or an intentional trip in hockey is ojust. It suggests that the person isn't just playing poorly, but is playing against the spirit of the game itself.

Det var faktiskt ganska ojust av dig att inte bjuda in henne till festen när alla andra fick komma.

The word is highly versatile and appears in both formal and informal contexts, though it leans slightly toward the informal. In a workplace, you might hear it when discussing a promotion that went to someone less qualified. In a schoolyard, it is the primary weapon against bullies or cheaters. It is a word that appeals to the Swedish cultural value of rättvisa (justice/fairness), which is a cornerstone of the Nordic social model. To be called ojust is a significant social reprimand in Sweden because it suggests you are not a 'team player' or that you lack empathy for the collective good.

Domaren tog ett beslut som kändes väldigt ojust för hemmapubliken.

In terms of grammar, ojust is an adjective that follows standard Swedish declension. For common and neuter singular nouns, it remains ojust (though sometimes you might see the older spelling osjyst). For plural nouns, it becomes ojusta. For example, 'ojusta metoder' (unfair methods). It is important to note that the pronunciation often surprises learners; the 'sj' or 'j' sound here is the distinct Swedish voiceless dorso-palatal velar fricative, often described as a 'hissing' or 'sh' sound made deep in the throat.

Sluta vara så ojust mot din lillebror!

Using ojust correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective and its common adverbial usage. It most frequently appears after the verb vara (to be) or kännas (to feel). Because it describes a moral or social quality, it is often directed at people's actions rather than the people themselves, though 'en ojust person' is perfectly valid Swedish.

Direct Description of Actions
When you want to point out that something someone did was wrong or unfair, you use the structure: [Action] + var + ojust. For example: 'Det var ojust att lämna mig med all disk' (It was unfair to leave me with all the dishes).
Modifying People
To describe a person who consistently behaves unfairly, use: [Person] + är + ojust. Example: 'Han är en ojust spelare' (He is an unfair player). Note that 'ojust' doesn't change for 'en' or 'ett' words in its basic form, but it does change for plural: 'De är ojusta' (They are unfair).

Varför är du så ojust hela tiden? Jag har ju inte gjort dig något.

One of the most common ways to use the word is in the phrase ojusta villkor (unfair terms/conditions). This is frequently heard in news reports regarding labor disputes or international trade. It highlights that the rules of the engagement are stacked against one party. Similarly, in a school setting, students might complain about ojusta prov (unfair tests) if the questions cover material not taught in class.

Det känns ojust att vissa får högre lön bara för att de känner chefen.

In more advanced usage, you can use the word to describe abstract concepts like 'ojust konkurrens' (unfair competition). This is a technical term used in business law to describe practices like price-fixing or false advertising. Despite its technical application, the word retains its emotional core: the feeling that the playing field is not level. When using it in writing, ensure you choose between the modern 'ojust' and the slightly more colloquial 'osjyst'—both are accepted, but 'ojust' is more standard in formal texts.

Vi måste motverka ojusta handelsmetoder på den globala marknaden.

Comparison with 'Orättvis'
While 'orättvis' also means unfair, 'ojust' is more personal and social. You wouldn't usually say the legal system is 'ojust' (you'd use 'orättvis'), but you would say a friend's comment was 'ojust'. 'Ojust' implies a lack of 'schyssthet' (decency/coolness).

If you spend any time in Sweden, you will hear ojust in a variety of settings. It is a word that bridges the gap between childhood play and adult professional life. Understanding the environments where it thrives will help you grasp its emotional weight.

The Playground and School
This is where most Swedes first learn the word. Children use it constantly to police each other's behavior. 'Det är ojust!' is the standard cry when someone cuts in line for the slide or hides a toy. It is the fundamental word for social justice among kids.
Sports and Gaming
Whether it's a professional Allsvenskan football match or a casual game of Counter-Strike, 'ojust' is used to describe cheating or 'dirty' play. If a player fakes an injury to get a penalty, the commentators might describe it as an 'ojuste handling' (an unfair action).
Workplace Politics
In the office, 'ojust' is used to describe subtle slights or professional imbalances. If a colleague takes credit for your work, or if the boss gives all the interesting projects to their favorite, employees will whisper that it is 'ojust'. It's a way of expressing dissatisfaction without necessarily filing a formal complaint.

Det är verkligen ojust att vi måste jobba över när de andra får gå hem tidigare.

You will also encounter this word frequently in Swedish media, particularly in consumer rights programs like Plus or in investigative journalism. Journalists use it to describe companies that exploit customers with 'ojusta avtalsvillkor' (unfair contract terms). It serves as a powerful rhetorical tool to frame a situation as a moral failure rather than just a legal one.

Många tycker att det är ojust att bensinpriset stiger så snabbt.

In reality TV and social media, 'ojust' is a common descriptor for 'snaky' behavior. If a contestant in a show like Robinson (the Swedish Survivor) betrays an alliance, the fans and other contestants will label the move as 'ojust'. This reinforces the idea that 'ojust' is about the violation of a social contract or an unspoken agreement between people. It is a word that resonates deeply with the Swedish psyche because it touches on the collective sense of 'rätt och fel' (right and wrong).

Han använde en ojust taktik för att vinna debatten.

Even for intermediate learners, ojust can be tricky. Most mistakes fall into three categories: spelling, gender agreement, and choosing the wrong synonym. Let's break these down so you can avoid the most common pitfalls.

Spelling Confusion
The biggest headache is the spelling. You will see it written as 'ojust', 'ojuste', 'osjyst', and 'osjyste'. While 'ojust' is the standard spelling recommended by the Swedish Academy (SAOL), 'osjyst' is very common in informal writing because it more closely mimics the pronunciation. However, in formal writing or exams, always stick to ojust.
Gender and Number Agreement
Learners often forget to add the -a for plural or definite forms. 'Ett ojust beslut' (a neuter noun) stays 'ojust'. 'En ojust handling' (a common noun) stays 'ojust'. But 'De ojusta besluten' (the plural/definite) requires the -a. Don't say 'de ojust beslut'.
Confusing with 'Elak'
Many learners use 'elak' (evil/mean) when they should use 'ojust'. If someone doesn't share their candy, they are 'ojust' (unfair/not cool). If someone hits a dog, they are 'elak' (evil/cruel). 'Ojust' is about fairness; 'elak' is about malice.

Fel: Det var en ojusta match.
Rätt: Det var en ojust match.

Another mistake is overusing 'ojust' in legal contexts. While you can use it for 'unfair terms,' if you are talking about a court case or a human rights violation, the word orättvis or lagstridig (contrary to law) is much more appropriate. 'Ojust' has a flavor of social behavior and sportsmanship that doesn't always translate to the high gravity of the legal system.

Fel: Han är mycket ojuste (plural form used for singular).
Rätt: Han är mycket ojust.

Finally, be careful with the word taskig. While taskig and ojust are often interchangeable, taskig is much more informal and carries a stronger sense of being 'mean' or 'nasty' in a petty way. If a boss is being 'ojust', it's about the workload. If a boss is being 'taskig', it's about their attitude or comments. Choosing the right one shows a higher level of Swedish proficiency.

Det är ojust att behöva betala mer bara för att man bor på landet.

To truly master ojust, you need to know its neighbors. Swedish has several words for 'unfair' or 'bad,' each with its own specific flavor. Using the right one will make you sound much more like a native speaker.

Orättvis vs. Ojust

Orättvis: This is the formal, heavy word for 'unjust.' Use this for systemic issues, law, and deep moral failings. 'En orättvis värld' (an unjust world).

Ojust: This is the social, interpersonal word. Use this for games, friendships, and workplace slights. 'En ojust kommentar' (an unfair comment).

Taskig vs. Ojust

Taskig: Very informal. It means 'mean' or 'nasty.' It's often used by children or in casual settings. 'Var inte så taskig!' (Don't be so mean!).

Ojust: Slightly more mature. It focuses on the lack of fairness rather than just the nastiness of the act.

Osportslig
This specifically means 'unsportsmanlike.' While all osportslig behavior is ojust, not all ojust behavior is osportslig. Use this specifically in the context of competitions and games.

Att ljuga för att få fördelar är både ojust och ohederligt.

Another interesting alternative is ful (ugly). In Swedish, you can say 'Det var fult gjort' to mean 'That was a dirty/unfair move.' It implies that the action was morally 'ugly.' This is very common in sports and business. Similarly, felaktig (incorrect/wrong) can be used when the unfairness stems from an error rather than a choice.

Det var ett ojust påhopp från oppositionen under debatten.

In summary, while English speakers might use 'unfair' for everything from a bad grade to a human rights violation, Swedish speakers prefer to categorize their indignation. Use 'ojust' for the social and the 'not cool,' 'orättvis' for the structural and the 'unjust,' and 'taskig' for the personal and the 'mean.' Mastering these distinctions will significantly improve your expressive range in Swedish.

Många hyresgäster drabbas av ojusta hyreshöjningar.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Det är ojust!

That is unfair!

Basic 'Det är' + adjective construction.

2

Var inte ojust.

Don't be unfair.

Imperative mood with 'var'.

3

Han är ojust.

He is unfair.

Subject + verb + adjective.

4

Är det ojust?

Is it unfair?

Question form by swapping subject and verb.

5

Min kompis är ojust.

My friend is unfair.

Possessive pronoun 'min' + noun.

6

Det känns ojust.

It feels unfair.

Using the verb 'känns' (feels).

7

Ojust spel!

Unfair play!

Adjective modifying a noun (neuter).

8

De är ojusta.

They are unfair.

Plural form of the adjective (-a).

1

Det var ojust att inte bjuda honom.

It was unfair not to invite him.

Past tense 'var' + infinitive clause.

2

Hon var ojust mot sin syster igår.

She was unfair to her sister yesterday.

Preposition 'mot' (towards/to) used with ojust.

3

Jag tycker att reglerna är ojusta.

I think the rules are unfair.

Plural adjective 'ojusta' matching 'reglerna'.

4

Varför gjorde du så? Det var ojust.

Why did you do that? It was unfair.

Question followed by a statement of judgment.

5

Det är en ojust match.

It is an unfair match.

Adjective modifying an 'en' noun.

6

Snälla, var inte ojusta nu.

Please, don't be unfair now.

Plural imperative address.

7

Han fick ett ojust straff.

He received an unfair punishment.

Adjective modifying an 'ett' noun.

8

Det var ojust gjort av dig.

That was an unfair thing for you to do.

The phrase 'ojust gjort' (unfairly done).

1

Det känns ojust att jag måste göra allt arbete själv.

It feels unfair that I have to do all the work myself.

Subordinate clause starting with 'att'.

2

Han använde ojusta metoder för att vinna valet.

He used unfair methods to win the election.

Plural adjective 'ojusta' modifying 'metoder'.

3

Det är ojusta villkor i det här kontraktet.

There are unfair terms in this contract.

Common collocation 'ojusta villkor'.

4

Jag vill inte vara ojust, men du måste hjälpa till mer.

I don't want to be unfair, but you have to help out more.

Using 'men' to balance a critical statement.

5

Domaren dömde ojust under hela matchen.

The referee judged unfairly throughout the match.

Adverbial usage of 'ojust'.

6

Det var ett ojust påhopp på hans karaktär.

It was an unfair attack on his character.

Noun phrase with 'ojust' modifying 'påhopp'.

7

Många tycker att skattesystemet är ojust.

Many think the tax system is unfair.

Opinion verb 'tycker' + 'att' clause.

8

Sluta klaga, det är inte ojust alls.

Stop complaining, it's not unfair at all.

Negation with 'inte' and emphasis with 'alls'.

1

Företaget anklagades för ojust konkurrens.

The company was accused of unfair competition.

Passive voice 'anklagades' + preposition 'för'.

2

Det vore ojust att döma honom utan bevis.

It would be unfair to judge him without evidence.

Conditional 'vore' (would be).

3

Vi måste motverka ojusta handelsmetoder.

We must counteract unfair trading practices.

Modal verb 'måste' + infinitive 'motverka'.

4

Hennes ojusta behandling av personalen ledde till strejk.

Her unfair treatment of the staff led to a strike.

Possessive 'Hennes' + adjective + noun.

5

Det är en djupt ojust fördelning av resurser.

It is a deeply unfair distribution of resources.

Adverb 'djupt' modifying the adjective 'ojust'.

6

De ansåg att beslutet var ojust fattat.

They considered the decision to have been unfairly made.

Past participle 'fattat' modified by 'ojust'.

7

Man bör undvika ojusta generaliseringar.

One should avoid unfair generalizations.

Generic pronoun 'man' + modal 'bör'.

8

Kritiken kändes ojust och obefogad.

The criticism felt unfair and unwarranted.

Two adjectives joined by 'och'.

1

Den ojusta retoriken i debatten förgiftade samtalet.

The unfair rhetoric in the debate poisoned the conversation.

Definite adjective form 'ojusta' with definite noun.

2

Det föreligger en ojust asymmetri i maktförhållandet.

There is an unfair asymmetry in the power relationship.

Formal verb 'föreligger' (exists/is present).

3

Att utnyttja kryphål i lagen är moraliskt ojust.

Exploiting loopholes in the law is morally unfair.

Adverb 'moraliskt' modifying 'ojust'.

4

Vi kan inte acceptera sådana ojusta arbetsvillkor.

We cannot accept such unfair working conditions.

Demonstrative 'sådana' + plural adjective.

5

Hela processen var genomsyrad av ojusta beslut.

The entire process was permeated by unfair decisions.

Passive construction with 'genomsyrad av'.

6

Det vore ojust att inte nämna hennes bidrag till projektet.

It would be unfair not to mention her contribution to the project.

Conditional mood with 'vore'.

7

Ojusta anklagelser kan förstöra en människas rykte.

Unfair accusations can ruin a person's reputation.

Plural subject with modal 'kan'.

8

Sättet de hanterade uppsägningarna på var extremt ojust.

The way they handled the layoffs was extremely unfair.

Complex subject 'Sättet de hanterade uppsägningarna på'.

1

Denna ojusta diktomi mellan teori och praktik är problematisk.

This unfair dichotomy between theory and practice is problematic.

Academic vocabulary 'diktomi'.

2

Man kan skönja en ojust tendens i den samtida diskursen.

One can discern an unfair tendency in contemporary discourse.

Formal verb 'skönja' (discern).

3

Det vore ojust att reducera hans livsverk till ett enda misstag.

It would be unfair to reduce his life's work to a single mistake.

Infinitive 'att reducera' as subject complement.

4

Systemets ojusta natur blottlades under krisen.

The unfair nature of the system was exposed during the crisis.

Genitive 'Systemets' + adjective + noun.

5

Det råder en ojust obalans i den globala förmögenhetsfördelningen.

There is an unfair imbalance in the global distribution of wealth.

Formal expression 'Det råder' (There prevails).

6

Att kategorisera det som ojust vore en underdrift.

To categorize it as unfair would be an understatement.

Infinitive phrase as subject.

7

Dessa ojusta strukturer är djupt rotade i historien.

These unfair structures are deeply rooted in history.

Demonstrative 'Dessa' + plural adjective.

8

Det är ojust att belägga honom med kollektiv skuld.

It is unfair to burden him with collective guilt.

Formal verb 'belägga' (burden/impose).

常见搭配

ojusta villkor
ojust behandling
ojust spel
ojust konkurrens
ojusta metoder
kännas ojust
ojust fördelning
ojust påhopp
ojust mot någon
ojust beslut

常用短语

Vad ojust!

— How unfair! Used as a spontaneous reaction to something perceived as wrong.

Fick du ingen tårta? Vad ojust!

Det är ojust gjort.

— That was an unfair thing to do. Focuses on the action rather than the person.

Att lämna honom ensam var ojust gjort.

Sluta vara ojust.

— Stop being unfair. A common command t

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