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Turkish
词汇
karşılaşmak

B1 verb 10分钟阅读

karşılaşmak

开始练习例句笔记与提示 karşılaşmak 30秒了解

解析 karşılaşmak in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'karşılaşmak' might be a bit advanced, but you can learn it as a way to say you 'saw' someone by accident. Think of it as 'I saw my friend on the street.' You don't need to know all the complex grammar yet, just the basic past tense: 'Onunla karşılaştım' (I met with him/her). It's a useful word for simple stories about your day. Focus on the fact that it's a surprise meeting. You were walking, they were walking, and suddenly you were in the same place. It's like a 'hello' moment. You can use it with family members or friends. For example, 'Annemle markette karşılaştım' (I ran into my mom at the market). At this stage, just remember to add '-la' or '-le' to the person's name. It's a great 'power verb' because it makes your Turkish sound more natural than just saying 'saw'. Even at A1, knowing this word helps you describe simple daily events more accurately. Don't worry about the sports or abstract meanings yet; just use it for people you know.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'karşılaşmak' more frequently in your past and present tense sentences. You'll learn that it's not just for people, but also for things you might find. If you are looking for your keys and you find them by accident, you might not use this word, but if you are walking in a park and find a beautiful flower, you could say 'Güzel bir çiçekle karşılaştım' (I encountered a beautiful flower). This level is about expanding the 'who' to 'what'. You can also use it in the present continuous: 'Sık sık onunla karşılaşıyorum' (I encounter him/her often). This shows a recurring event. You should also start noticing the difference between this and 'buluşmak' (to meet intentionally). If you have a plan to meet a friend at 5 PM, use 'buluşmak'. If you didn't have a plan but saw them anyway, use 'karşılaşmak'. This distinction is a key part of the A2 curriculum. You will also start to see this word in simple reading texts about travel or daily life in Turkey. It's a very 'active' word that brings your sentences to life.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'karşılaşmak' in a variety of contexts, including abstract ones. This is the level where you start 'encountering' problems (sorunlarla karşılaşmak) or difficulties (zorluklarla karşılaşmak). You can use it to describe your learning journey: 'Türkçe öğrenirken birçok dil bilgisi kuralıyla karşılaştım' (I encountered many grammar rules while learning Turkish). You should also be able to use different tenses and moods, such as the future tense for sports matches or the conditional for hypothetical situations. For example, 'Eğer onunla karşılaşırsam, ona her şeyi anlatacağım' (If I encounter him, I will tell him everything). This level also introduces the idea of 'facing' an opponent in a competition. You might read news about football teams 'karşılaşacak' (meeting/facing each other). Your understanding of the instrumental case (-le/-la) should be solid now, and you should be able to apply it to pronouns (onunla, seninle, bizimle) without hesitation. This word becomes a tool for more complex storytelling and professional communication.

At the B2 level, you use 'karşılaşmak' with more nuance and in more formal settings. You will encounter it in literature, news reports, and academic discussions. You should understand its metaphorical uses, such as 'gerçeklerle karşılaşmak' (facing the facts/realities). This is also the stage where you compare it with its synonyms like 'rastlamak' or 'denk gelmek' and choose the one that fits the register. You might use the passive form 'karşılaşıldı' in a formal report to describe a situation that was found during an investigation. For example, 'Deney sırasında beklenmedik bir sonuçla karşılaşıldı' (An unexpected result was encountered during the experiment). You can also use it in complex sentence structures involving relative clauses: 'Dün karşılaştığım adam çok nazikti' (The man I encountered yesterday was very kind). At B2, you are expected to understand the subtle social implications of 'encountering' someone in Turkish culture—the expectation of a conversation and the polite exchange of 'hal hatır' (asking how one is). You are moving beyond simple grammar into cultural competence.

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At the C1 level, 'karşılaşmak' is a word you use to discuss philosophical, sociological, or highly technical topics. You might talk about the 'encounter' of two different civilizations or the 'clash' of ideologies using this verb. It becomes a way to describe the intersection of complex systems. You'll use it in advanced writing to describe the challenges faced by society: 'Modern toplum, dijitalleşmenin getirdiği yeni etik sorunlarla karşılaşmaktadır' (Modern society is encountering new ethical problems brought by digitalization). You should be able to use it in all its derived forms and understand its role in proverbs or idiomatic expressions. Your use of the word should be precise; you know exactly when to use 'karşılaşmak' versus 'yüzleşmek' (to confront) to convey the right level of intensity. You also understand the historical etymology of the word and how the root 'karşı' has evolved in the Turkish language. At this level, you are not just using the word; you are playing with its connotations to add depth to your speech and writing.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'karşılaşmak' is complete. You can use it to express the most subtle shades of meaning in any context, from high literature to legal documents. You might use it in a poetic sense to describe the meeting of the sea and the sky, or in a legal sense to describe the meeting of two opposing claims in a courtroom. You understand how the word functions within the broader structure of Turkish discourse, including its use in rhetorical questions and sophisticated irony. You can analyze the use of 'karşılaşmak' in the works of great Turkish authors like Orhan Pamuk or Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, where encounters often serve as pivotal moments of existential realization. Your command of the instrumental case is instinctive, and you can manipulate the sentence structure to emphasize different aspects of the encounter. For a C2 speaker, 'karşılaşmak' is more than a verb; it's a conceptual tool for describing the multifaceted nature of human experience and the constant interplay between the self and the world. You use it with total confidence, precision, and stylistic flair.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

karşılaşmak 30秒了解

Karşılaşmak means to encounter or meet by chance.
It requires the instrumental case (-le/-la) for the object.
Used for people, problems, and sports competitions.
Differs from 'buluşmak' because it is usually unplanned.

The Turkish verb karşılaşmak is a multifaceted word that primarily translates to "to encounter," "to meet by chance," or "to face." Understanding this word requires looking at its root: karşı, which means "opposite" or "against." When you add the reciprocal suffix -laş, the meaning transforms into a mutual action of coming face-to-face. Unlike the word buluşmak, which implies a planned meeting or a date, karşılaşmak almost always carries an element of surprise, coincidence, or the unavoidable nature of an event. In Turkish daily life, you use this when you bump into someone on the street, stumble upon a problem while working, or when two sports teams are scheduled to play against each other. It is a bridge between the physical world of seeing someone and the abstract world of dealing with life's hurdles.

Physical Encounter: This is the most common usage. It describes the moment two people happen to be in the same place at the same time without prior arrangement. For example, seeing a former colleague at the grocery store.
Abstract Encounter: Used when dealing with situations, problems, or obstacles. If a project has an unexpected error, you 'encounter' that error using this verb.
Competitive Encounter: In sports or debates, it refers to the act of competing against an opponent. It signifies the 'clash' or the 'match-up'.

Dün akşam markette eski bir dostumla karşılaştım ve saatlerce sohbet ettik.

Translation: I ran into an old friend at the market yesterday evening and we chatted for hours.

The cultural weight of karşılaşmak is significant because Turkish culture places a high value on social interactions and 'kısmet' (fate). Often, encountering someone is seen as more than just a coincidence; it is a moment to stop, acknowledge the other person, and exchange greetings. You cannot simply nod and walk away if you 'encounter' an acquaintance; the verb implies a social obligation to engage. In academic or professional contexts, the word shifts toward problem-solving. A scientist might 'encounter' a variable, or a lawyer might 'encounter' a specific clause in a contract. In these cases, the word maintains its sense of 'coming across' something that requires attention. It is a neutral-to-formal word, making it safe for all social settings. Whether you are reading a high-level academic paper or watching a romantic comedy, this verb will appear frequently. It captures the essence of life's unpredictable moments, from the joy of seeing a friend to the frustration of a technical glitch. Understanding karşılaşmak is key to mastering the nuances of Turkish social and professional dynamics.

Grammatically, karşılaşmak is an intransitive verb that functions through the use of the instrumental case. This means the object of your encounter is followed by the suffix -le or -la (meaning 'with'). If you encounter a person named Ali, you say Ali'yle karşılaştım. This structure is vital because using the direct object (accusative) case is a common mistake for English speakers who are used to saying "I met him."

The 'With' Construction: The pattern is [Noun] + [-(i)le/la] + [karşılaşmak]. Example: 'Sorunla karşılaştık' (We encountered [with] the problem).
Tense Variations: It can be used in the past (karşılaştım), present continuous (karşılaşıyorum), or future (karşılaşacağız). The meaning remains consistent across tenses.

Yeni projemizde birçok teknik engelle karşılaşabiliriz, hazırlıklı olmalıyız.

Translation: We might encounter many technical obstacles in our new project; we must be prepared.

When using the verb in sports, the sentence structure often involves two subjects. "Fenerbahçe ve Galatasaray bu hafta sonu karşılaşacak" (Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray will face each other this weekend). Here, the reciprocal nature of the suffix -laş is evident, as both parties are performing the action toward one another. In a more metaphorical sense, one can encounter 'the truth' (gerçekle karşılaşmak) or 'one's past' (geçmişiyle karşılaşmak). These abstract uses are very common in Turkish literature and psychological dramas. Another interesting usage is the passive form karşılaşılmak, though it is rarer. It is used in formal reports: "Beklenmedik bir durumla karşılaşıldı" (An unexpected situation was encountered). This emphasizes the situation rather than the person who encountered it. For learners at the B1 level, focusing on the simple past tense usage for social encounters is the priority. As you progress, you will start to see how it fits into complex conditional sentences, such as "Eğer onunla karşılaşırsan, selamımı söyle" (If you encounter him, give him my regards). This versatility makes it one of the most useful verbs in the Turkish language for describing the flow of daily life and the challenges of professional work. It is not just about 'meeting'; it is about the intersection of paths, whether they are human paths or the paths of events and consequences.

In Turkey, karşılaşmak is a staple of everyday conversation. You will hear it most frequently in the context of social storytelling. Turkish people love to recount their day, and often these stories begin with an unexpected encounter. "Tahmin et kiminle karşılaştım?" (Guess who I ran into?) is a classic conversation starter. It sets the stage for gossip, news, or a pleasant memory. Beyond social circles, the word is ubiquitous in the media.

News and Media: Journalists use it to describe political leaders meeting unexpectedly or countries facing economic crises. 'Türkiye yeni bir ekonomik dalgalanmayla karşılaşıyor' (Turkey is encountering a new economic wave).
Sports Broadcasting: Commentators use it for every match. 'İki dev takım karşı karşıya geliyor' (Two giant teams are coming face to face) is often followed by the verb 'karşılaşacak'.

Havaalanında pasaport kontrolünde bir sorunla karşılaştık ama neyse ki çözüldü.

Translation: We encountered a problem at passport control at the airport, but luckily it was resolved.

In Turkish TV dramas (diziler), karşılaşmak is a major plot device. The protagonist often 'encounters' a long-lost love or a secret enemy at the most inconvenient moment. This 'encounter' usually triggers a dramatic musical swell and a close-up on the actors' faces. In business meetings, you might hear a manager say, "Bu çeyrekte bazı zorluklarla karşılaşabiliriz" (We might encounter some difficulties this quarter). It is a polite way to signal upcoming challenges without being overly alarmist. In academic lectures, professors use it to describe how different theories 'meet' or 'clash' in the intellectual arena. It is also found in literature to describe the meeting of cultures or the encounter between the East and the West, a theme very central to Turkish identity. Whether you are in a bustling Istanbul bazaar or a quiet library in Ankara, the word karşılaşmak will be there, describing the inevitable friction and intersection of life's many moving parts. It is a word that captures the 'happening' of life, moving beyond the planned and into the realm of the actual experience.

For English speakers learning Turkish, karşılaşmak presents a few linguistic hurdles. The most frequent error involves the case markers. In English, you "meet someone" (direct object). In Turkish, you "meet WITH someone."

The Accusative Trap: Incorrect: 'Onu karşılaştım.' Correct: 'Onunla karşılaştım.' Never use the -i/-ı/-u/-ü suffix with this verb.
Confusing with 'Buluşmak': 'Buluşmak' is for planned meetings (e.g., meeting at a cafe). 'Karşılaşmak' is for unplanned encounters. Using 'karşılaşmak' for a date sounds like you saw them by accident.

Hata: Arkadaşımı karşılaştım. Doğru: Arkadaşımla karşılaştım.

Correction: Always use the instrumental case (-la/-le).

Another mistake is confusing it with tanışmak. Tanışmak means to meet for the first time (to be introduced). If you say you 'karşılaştın' with someone, it implies you already know them, or at least you are just seeing them in passing. If it is the very first time you are meeting a person, use tanışmak. Furthermore, learners sometimes use karşılaşmak when they mean görüşmek. Görüşmek means to have a meeting or a conversation (like a business meeting or a long talk). Karşılaşmak is more about the physical act of seeing or encountering. Lastly, pay attention to the sports context. While karşılaşmak is used for teams playing each other, you wouldn't use it for a casual game of cards between friends; that would just be oynamak. Understanding these boundaries ensures you don't sound like you're translating directly from your native language, but rather thinking in Turkish. Practice by visualizing the 'surprise' or 'obstacle' aspect of the word, and the correct usage will become more intuitive.

Turkish is rich with verbs that describe the act of meeting or encountering, each with its own specific flavor. Karşılaşmak is the general term, but depending on the nuance, you might choose another.

Rastlamak: This is a very close synonym to 'karşılaşmak' but even more focused on the 'by chance' aspect. It's like 'to come across' or 'to happen upon'. It also takes the dative case (-e/-a) instead of the instrumental. Example: 'Ona yolda rastladım' (I happened upon him on the road).
Buluşmak: The 'planned' alternative. Use this for coffee dates, business appointments, or group hangouts. It implies intent.
Yüzleşmek: Meaning 'to confront' or 'to face up to'. This is used for more serious, often emotional or legal, encounters. You face a person you've had a conflict with, or you face the consequences of your actions.

Karşılaşmak vs. Rastlamak:
'Onunla karşılaştım' (I encountered him/with him)
'Ona rastladım' (I happened upon him/to him).

Another alternative is denk gelmek, which literally means 'to come across' or 'to coincide'. It is very informal and common in spoken Turkish. "Seninle burada denk gelmemiz ne güzel!" (How nice that we bumped into each other here!). In a more formal or literary context, you might see tesadüf etmek, which is the Arabic-rooted equivalent of 'to coincide' or 'to meet by chance'. For sports, karşı karşıya gelmek is a common phrase that functions similarly to karşılaşmak but adds a more visual 'face-to-face' element. Understanding these synonyms allows you to vary your vocabulary and express exactly how the meeting happened—whether it was planned, accidental, confrontational, or just a lucky coincidence. This level of detail is what separates a beginner from an advanced speaker.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"Söz konusu projede öngörülemeyen teknik zorluklarla karşılaşılmıştır."

中性

"Dün kütüphanede eski bir sınıf arkadaşımla karşılaştım."

非正式

"Hop! Bak kiminle karşılaştık!"

Child friendly

"Ormanda yürürken minik bir tavşanla karşılaştık."

俚语

"Çarşıda bizimkilerle karşılaştık, takıldık biraz."

趣味小知识

The root 'karşı' is also used to form the word for 'welcome' (karşılamak), suggesting that in Turkish culture, the act of 'facing' someone is fundamentally linked to the act of greeting them.

发音指南

UK /kaɾ.ʃɯ.ɫaʃ.mak/

US /kɑɾ.ʃɯ.lɑʃ.mɑk/

The stress is typically on the last syllable '-mak'.

押韵词

uzaklaşmak yakınlaşmak farklılaşmak paylaşmak anlaşmak savaşmak bakmak yapmak

常见错误

Pronouncing 'ı' as 'i' (like 'meet'). It should be a neutral, 'unrounded' sound.
Over-emphasizing the 'r'. It should be a light tap, not a roll.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts, though abstract meanings require context.

写作 4/5

The instrumental case (-le/-la) is a common point of error for learners.

口语 3/5

A very common and useful word once the grammar is mastered.

听力 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but can be confused with 'karşılaştırmak' (to compare).

接下来学什么

前置知识

karşı ile buluşmak görmek yol

接下来学习

karşılaştırmak yüzleşmek rastlamak denk gelmek karşılamak

高级

metinlerarasılık fenomenoloji kısmet tesadüf

需要掌握的语法

Instrumental Case (-le/-la)

Onunla karşılaştım. (I encountered with him.)

Reciprocal Suffix (-laş/-leş)

Karşı (opposite) -> Karşılaşmak (to encounter each other).

Past Tense (-dı/-di)

Karşılaştım (I encountered).

Future Tense (-acak/-ecek)

Karşılaşacağız (We will encounter).

Passive Voice (-ıl/-il)

Karşılaşıldı (It was encountered).

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按水平分级的例句

Sokakta Elif ile karşılaştım.

I ran into Elif on the street.

Uses the -le suffix for Elif.

Dün markette öğretmenimle karşılaştım.

I ran into my teacher at the market yesterday.

Past tense -tım.

Parkta bir kediyle karşılaştım.

I encountered a cat in the park.

Uses -le with kedi (kediyle).

Onunla her gün okulda karşılaşıyorum.

I encounter him every day at school.

Present continuous tense.

Arkadaşınla nerede karşılaştın?

Where did you run into your friend?

Question form in past tense.

Biz yolda karşılaştık.

We met on the road.

First person plural past tense.

Seninle burada karşılaşmak ne sürpriz!

What a surprise to encounter you here!

Infinitive form used as a noun.

Ali ile kütüphanede karşılaştık.

We ran into Ali at the library.

Instrumental case with name.

Tatilde eski bir arkadaşımla karşılaştım.

I ran into an old friend on vacation.

Adjective + noun + instrumental.

Yeni işimde bazı küçük sorunlarla karşılaşıyorum.

I am encountering some small problems at my new job.

Plural instrumental (sorunlarla).

Otobüste kiminle karşılaştım dersin?

Who do you think I ran into on the bus?

Indirect question style.

Hafta sonu maçta rakip takımla karşılaşacağız.

We will face the rival team at the match this weekend.

Future tense -acağız.

Onunla karşılaşmamak için yolu değiştirdim.

I changed the path so as not to encounter him.

Negative infinitive (-mamak).

Bu sabah kapıda komşumla karşılaştım.

I ran into my neighbor at the door this morning.

Locative (kapıda) + instrumental.

Yurt dışında bir Türk ile karşılaşmak çok güzel.

It is very nice to encounter a Turk abroad.

Infinitive as subject.

Hangi takımlar finalde karşılaşacak?

Which teams will face each other in the final?

Plural subject with future tense.

Proje sırasında beklenmedik bir engelle karşılaştık.

We encountered an unexpected obstacle during the project.

Abstract noun + instrumental.

Eğer onunla karşılaşırsan ona bu mektubu ver.

If you encounter him, give him this letter.

Conditional mood (-sa/-se).

İnternette gezinirken ilginç bir haberle karşılaştım.

I came across an interesting news item while browsing the internet.

Adverbial clause with -ken.

Bu iki yazarın fikirleri kitapta sık sık karşılaşıyor.

The ideas of these two authors often encounter/clash in the book.

Abstract subject (fikirler).

Şehir merkezinde büyük bir kalabalıkla karşılaştık.

We encountered a large crowd in the city center.

Collective noun + instrumental.

Onunla karşılaşınca ne diyeceğimi bilemedim.

When I encountered him, I didn't know what to say.

Adverbial suffix -ınca (when).

Yeni bir kültürle karşılaşmak insanı geliştirir.

Encountering a new culture develops a person.

Infinitive as a general statement.

Daha önce böyle bir durumla karşılaşmamıştım.

I hadn't encountered such a situation before.

Past perfect negative.

Şirketimiz bu yıl ciddi ekonomik zorluklarla karşılaştı.

Our company encountered serious economic difficulties this year.

Formal/Professional context.

Bu filmde, karakter kendi geçmişiyle karşılaşıyor.

In this movie, the character encounters their own past.

Psychological/Metaphorical usage.

Farklı görüşlerin karşılaştığı bir platform oluşturmalıyız.

We should create a platform where different views encounter each other.

Relative clause with -dığı.

Yeni yasayla birlikte birçok bürokratik engelle karşılaşabiliriz.

With the new law, we might encounter many bureaucratic obstacles.

Possibility with -ebilmek.

Onunla karşılaşmamız tamamen bir tesadüftü.

Our encountering him was a complete coincidence.

Gerund (-ma) with possessive.

Araştırmamızda bazı tutarsızlıklarla karşılaştık.

We encountered some inconsistencies in our research.

Academic context.

İki ordu sınırda karşı karşıya gelerek karşılaştı.

The two armies encountered each other by coming face to face at the border.

Military/Historical context.

Hayatın her alanında zorluklarla karşılaşmak kaçınılmazdır.

It is inevitable to encounter difficulties in every area of life.

General philosophical statement.

Yazar, bu eserinde Doğu ve Batı medeniyetlerini karşılaştırıyor ve karşılaştırıyor.

The author, in this work, brings together and encounters Eastern and Western civilizations.

Literary analysis context.

Politika değişikliği sonucunda öngörülemez dirençlerle karşılaşıldı.

Unforeseeable resistances were encountered as a result of the policy change.

Passive voice (karşılaşıldı).

İnsanın kendi gölgesiyle karşılaşması sancılı bir süreçtir.

A person's encounter with their own shadow is a painful process.

Jungian/Psychological terminology.

Deney grubunda beklenmedik yan etkilerle karşılaşılması üzerine çalışma durduruldu.

The study was halted upon encountering unexpected side effects in the experimental group.

Complex nominalization.

Bu iki teorinin karşılaştığı noktalar bilim dünyasında tartışılıyor.

The points where these two theories encounter/intersect are being discussed in the scientific world.

Metaphorical intersection.

Toplumsal değişim süreçlerinde eski ve yeni değerlerin karşılaşması kaçınılmazdır.

In processes of social change, the encounter of old and new values is inevitable.

Sociological context.

Onunla her karşılaştığımda farklı bir derinlik keşfediyorum.

Every time I encounter him, I discover a different depth.

Relative clause expressing frequency.

Hukuki süreçte birçok usul hatasıyla karşılaşıldığı tespit edildi.

It was determined that many procedural errors were encountered in the legal process.

Formal legal reporting.

Varlık ve yokluk kavramlarının karşılaştığı o metafiziksel eşikte duruyoruz.

We stand at that metaphysical threshold where the concepts of being and non-being encounter each other.

Highly abstract/Philosophical.

Metinlerarası bir düzlemde, bu şiir antik mitlerle modern gerçekliğin karşılaşmasını simgeler.

On an intertextual level, this poem symbolizes the encounter of ancient myths and modern reality.

Literary criticism.

Küresel ısınmanın yarattığı ekolojik krizle karşılaşan insanlık, radikal kararlar almak zorundadır.

Humanity, encountering the ecological crisis created by global warming, must take radical decisions.

Participle construction (karşılaşan).

Sanatçının iç dünyasıyla dış dünyanın o kaotik karşılaşması, eserlerine özgünlük katar.

That chaotic encounter of the artist's inner world and the outer world adds originality to their works.

Aesthetic analysis.

Tarihsel süreçte, farklı dillerin karşılaşması dilbilimsel zenginliğe yol açmıştır.

In the historical process, the encounter of different languages has led to linguistic richness.

Linguistic history context.

Zamanın ve mekânın ötesinde bir karşılaşma hayal ediyordu.

He was imagining an encounter beyond time and space.

Poetic/Surreal usage.

Bu diplomatik krizde tarafların sert bir dille karşılaşması, müzakereleri zora soktu.

The parties encountering harsh language in this diplomatic crisis made negotiations difficult.

Political nuance.

Öznenin nesneyle olan o dolaysız karşılaşması, fenomenolojinin temelidir.

That direct encounter of the subject with the object is the basis of phenomenology.

Philosophical terminology.

常见搭配

Sorunla karşılaşmak

Zorlukla karşılaşmak

Tesadüfen karşılaşmak

Rakiple karşılaşmak

Engelle karşılaşmak

Gerçekle karşılaşmak

Tepkiyle karşılaşmak

Sürprizle karşılaşmak

Yoğun ilgiyle karşılaşmak

Tehlikeyle karşılaşmak

常用短语

Yolda karşılaşmak

— To run into someone while walking or traveling.

Dün yolda eski bir komşumla karşılaştım.

Göz göze gelmek

— To make eye contact, often leading to an encounter.

Kalabalıkta birden onunla göz göze geldim.

Karşı karşıya gelmek

— To come face to face, often in a confrontational way.

İki düşman yıllar sonra karşı karşıya geldi.

Beklenmedik bir anda karşılaşmak

— To meet at an unexpected moment.

Onunla hiç beklenmedik bir anda karşılaştım.

Sık sık karşılaşmak

— To encounter someone or something frequently.

Bu hatayla sık sık karşılaşıyoruz.

İlk kez karşılaşmak

— To encounter for the first time.

Böyle bir manzarayla ilk kez karşılaşıyorum.

Yüz yüze karşılaşmak

— To meet in person/face to face.

Müşteriyle yüz yüze karşılaşmak daha iyidir.

Riskle karşılaşmak

— To encounter a risk.

Yatırım yaparken bazı risklerle karşılaşabilirsiniz.

Dirençle karşılaşmak

— To encounter resistance.

Önerim büyük bir dirençle karşılaştı.

Aynı fikirde karşılaşmak

— To meet on the same idea/agree.

Sonunda aynı fikirde karşılaştık.

容易混淆的词

karşılaşmak vs Buluşmak

Buluşmak is planned; karşılaşmak is unplanned.

karşılaşmak vs Tanışmak

Tanışmak is for the first meeting; karşılaşmak is for subsequent encounters.

karşılaşmak vs Görüşmek

Görüşmek implies a long talk or meeting; karşılaşmak is the act of encountering.

习语与表达

"Kaderin cilvesiyle karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a twist of fate.

Kaderin cilvesiyle yıllar sonra aynı şehirde karşılaştılar.

Literary

"Sert kayaya çarpmak/karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a tough person or obstacle.

Bu sefer sert bir kayayla karşılaştın.

Informal

"Duvarla karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a 'wall' or a dead end in a situation.

Sorunu çözmeye çalışırken bir duvarla karşılaştık.

Neutral

"Kötü bir sürprizle karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a nasty surprise.

Fatura gelince kötü bir sürprizle karşılaştım.

Neutral

"Güleryüzle karşılaşmak"

— To be met with a friendly face/welcome.

Gittiğimiz her yerde güleryüzle karşılaştık.

Neutral

"Soğuk bir duşla karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a shocking or disappointing situation (like a cold shower).

Haberleri duyunca soğuk bir duşla karşılaşmış gibi oldum.

Informal

"Açık kapıyla karşılaşmak"

— To be welcomed or find an easy solution.

Yardım istediğimde her zaman açık bir kapıyla karşılaştım.

Metaphorical

"Ayna ile karşılaşmak"

— To face oneself or see one's own traits in another.

Onunla konuşurken sanki bir aynayla karşılaştım.

Psychological

"Boşlukla karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a void or lack of response.

Soru sorduğumda derin bir boşlukla karşılaştım.

Literary

"Fırtınayla karşılaşmak"

— To encounter a storm (literal or figurative).

Denizde büyük bir fırtınayla karşılaştılar.

Neutral

容易混淆

karşılaşmak vs Karşılamak

Similar root and sound.

Karşılamak means 'to welcome' or 'to meet a need'. Karşılaşmak means 'to encounter'.

Misafirleri kapıda karşıladım. (I welcomed the guests at the door.)

karşılaşmak vs Karşılaştırmak

Very similar spelling.

Karşılaştırmak means 'to compare'.

İki arabayı karşılaştırdım. (I compared two cars.)

karşılaşmak vs Rastlamak

Same meaning.

Rastlamak takes the dative (-e/-a); Karşılaşmak takes the instrumental (-le/-la).

Ona rastladım / Onunla karşılaştım.

karşılaşmak vs Uğramak

Relates to places/people.

Uğramak means 'to drop by' or 'to be subjected to'.

Haksızlığa uğradım. (I was subjected to injustice.)

karşılaşmak vs Çatışmak

Relates to conflict.

Çatışmak is 'to clash' or 'to conflict', much stronger than encountering a problem.

Fikirlerimiz çatışıyor. (Our ideas conflict.)

句型

[Name] + ile karşılaştım.

Ali ile karşılaştım.

Yolda [Noun] + ile karşılaştık.

Yolda öğretmenimle karşılaştık.

[Abstract Noun] + ile karşılaşmak zor.

Bu sorunla karşılaşmak zor.

Eğer [Noun] + ile karşılaşırsan...

Eğer bir hatayla karşılaşırsan bana söyle.

[Noun] + ile karşılaşılması sonucunda...

Zorluklarla karşılaşılması sonucunda proje durdu.

[Abstract Concept] + ile [Abstract Concept] + karşılaşması...

Gelenek ile modernitenin karşılaşması büyüleyicidir.

Sık sık [Noun] + ile karşılaşıyorum.

Sık sık onunla karşılaşıyorum.

[Team] ve [Team] karşılaşacak.

Türkiye ve Fransa karşılaşacak.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written Turkish.

常见错误

Onu karşılaştım. → Onunla karşılaştım.
You cannot use the accusative case with 'karşılaşmak'. It must be the instrumental case.
Yarın saat 5'te karşılaşalım. → Yarın saat 5'te buluşalım.
If it's a planned meeting at a specific time, use 'buluşmak'.
Onunla ilk kez karşılaştık. → Onunla ilk kez tanıştık.
For the first meeting/introduction, use 'tanışmak'.
Bir sorun karşılaştım. → Bir sorunla karşılaştım.
Missing the instrumental suffix on the object 'sorun'.
İki araba karşılaştı. → İki araba çarpıştı.
If two cars hit each other, use 'çarpışmak' (to collide). 'Karşılaştı' sounds like they just saw each other.

小贴士

The Case Rule

Always pair 'karşılaşmak' with the instrumental case (-le/-la). If you forget this, the sentence will sound broken to a native speaker.

Planned vs. Unplanned

Use 'buluşmak' for your calendar and 'karşılaşmak' for your luck. This distinction is vital for clear communication.

The Buffer 'Y'

When meeting someone whose name ends in a vowel (like Ali or Ayşe), don't forget the 'y': Ali'yle, Ayşe'yle.

Social Obligation

If you 'encounter' an acquaintance in Turkey, be prepared to stop and talk. A quick wave is often not enough.

Sports Talk

If you're talking about a football match, 'karşılaşma' is a more professional word than 'maç'.

Abstract Challenges

Use this verb to describe obstacles in your life. It makes you sound more expressive and advanced.

Listen for the Suffix

The 'laş' sound is very distinct. Once you hear it, you know a mutual or reciprocal action is happening.

Formal Passive

In reports, 'karşılaşıldı' is a great way to sound objective and professional.

Root Association

Link 'karşı' (opposite) to the idea of being 'opposite' someone when you meet them.

Daily Recap

At the end of the day, ask yourself: 'Bugün kiminle karşılaştım?' (Who did I encounter today?)

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine two cars (KAR) crashing into each other on a street (ŞI). They 'encounter' each other. KAR-ŞI-LAŞ-MAK.

视觉联想

Visualize two arrows pointing at each other and meeting at a single point.

Word Web

karşı maç tesadüf arkadaş sorun yol bakmak görmek

挑战

Try to use 'karşılaşmak' in three different ways today: once for a person, once for a problem, and once for a sports team.

词源

Derived from the Old Turkic root 'karşu' meaning 'opposite' or 'facing'. The suffix '-laş' is a reciprocal suffix used to indicate mutual action.

原始含义： To come face-to-face with something or someone.

Turkic

文化背景

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that 'karşılaşmak' with a problem in a business setting should be followed by a solution-oriented statement.

English speakers often say 'I met him,' which can be confusing in Turkish. Remember that 'meet' has three translations: tanışmak (first time), buluşmak (planned), and karşılaşmak (unplanned).

The phrase 'Karşılaşmalar' is a common title for Turkish art exhibitions. In many Turkish poems, the 'encounter' with the beloved is a central theme. Sports news always headlines with 'Dev Karşılaşma' (Giant Encounter) for big matches.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Socializing

Kiminle karşılaştım biliyor musun?
Tesadüfen karşılaştık.
Onunla sık sık karşılaşıyoruz.
Seni burada görmeyi beklemiyordum, ne güzel bir karşılaşma!

Work/Business

Bazı engellerle karşılaştık.
Müşteri şikayetleriyle karşılaşıyoruz.
Yeni bir durumla karşılaşırsak haber ver.
Bütçe sorunlarıyla karşılaştık.

Sports

İki rakip sahada karşılaşacak.
Final karşılaşması ne zaman?
Zorlu bir rakiple karşılaştılar.
Bu karşılaşma çok heyecanlı olacak.

Travel

Yolda bir kaza ile karşılaştık.
Havaalanında bir Türk ile karşılaştım.
Gittiğimiz yerde büyük bir misafirperverlikle karşılaştık.
Pasaport kontrolünde sorunla karşılaşmadık.

Abstract/Philosophy

Gerçeklerle karşılaşma vakti geldi.
Farklı fikirlerin karşılaşması.
Kendi korkularıyla karşılaştı.
Kültürel bir karşılaşma yaşıyoruz.

对话开场白

"Dün yolda kiminle karşılaştım tahmin et?"

"Hiç beklemediğin bir anda eski bir arkadaşınla karşılaştın mı?"

"İş yerinde en son ne tür bir sorunla karşılaştın?"

"Bu akşamki büyük maçta hangi takımlar karşılaşacak?"

"Hayatında seni en çok şaşırtan karşılaşma hangisiydi?"

日记主题

Bugün yolda veya okulda kiminle karşılaştın? Bu karşılaşma seni nasıl hissettirdi?

Yeni bir dil öğrenirken karşılaştığın en büyük zorluk nedir?

Eski bir dostunla tesadüfen karşılaşsan ona ilk ne söylersin?

Gelecekte karşılaşmayı umduğun bir başarıyı tarif et.

Karşılaştığın bir sorunu nasıl çözdüğünü detaylıca anlat.

常见问题

10 个问题

In social contexts, yes, it almost always implies an unplanned meeting. However, in sports, a 'karşılaşma' is a scheduled match, so the surprise element is absent there. In abstract contexts, it simply means facing something, whether expected or not.

No, for the first time you should use 'tanışmak'. If you say 'Onunla karşılaştım', people will assume you already knew who they were, or you just saw them without being introduced.

They are very similar, but 'rastlamak' is slightly more informal and takes the dative case (Ona rastladım). 'Karşılaşmak' is more versatile and takes the instrumental case (Onunla karşılaştım). 'Karşılaşmak' is also used for sports, whereas 'rastlamak' is not.

You say 'Bir sorunla karşılaştım'. Remember the '-la' at the end of 'sorun'.

Yes! You can encounter a beautiful view, a difficult question, or an old book in a library. It simply means your path crossed with that object.

It is neutral. You can use it with your friends, your boss, or in a scientific paper. It is one of the safest and most common verbs in Turkish.

The '-laş' suffix makes the verb reciprocal, meaning 'each other'. It comes from 'karşı' (opposite), so it literally means 'to become opposite to each other' or 'to face each other'.

No. For deadlines or requirements, use the verb 'karşılamak' (to meet/satisfy) or 'yetiştirmek' (to make it in time). Example: 'Son teslim tarihine yetiştirmek'.

Use 'Buluşacağız'. If you say 'Karşılaşacağız', it sounds like you are predicting you will accidentally see each other, or you are talking about a sports match.

The passive form is 'karşılaşılmak'. It is used in formal writing: 'Beklenmedik bir durumla karşılaşıldı' (An unexpected situation was encountered).

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