A0 · نقطة الصفر فصل 3

Where Things Are

5 القواعد الإجمالية
60 أمثلة
5 دقيقة
القواعد في هذا الفصل تدريب سريع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of locating and identifying objects in your daily life.

  • Identify objects near and far using demonstratives.
  • Ask simple questions to learn the names of items.
  • Describe the precise location of objects using prepositions.
Point, ask, and locate your world with confidence.

ما ستتعلمه

Welcome! This chapter will help you talk about everything around you. We'll learn to point out things using 'this' and 'that,' and show exactly where they are with 'in,' 'on,' and 'at.' Get ready to describe your world in simple English!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'this' and 'that' to point out objects in your immediate surroundings.

دليل الفصل

نظرة عامة

Learning to talk about the things around you is one of the most exciting first steps in English! This guide will help you begin to describe your everyday world, whether you're pointing out a cup, asking about a book, or telling someone where your keys are. Mastering these simple building blocks allows you to communicate basic needs and observations, making your first interactions in English much clearer and more confident.
It’s all about understanding where things are and how to refer to them directly. This fundamental knowledge is key for any absolute beginner aiming to learn English A0 grammar and will be useful in countless daily situations, from finding items to understanding directions. You’ll quickly be able to express yourself more effectively, turning simple observations into basic English sentences.
This chapter lays the foundation for all future descriptive language.

كيف تعمل هذه القاعدة

Let's explore how we point to and describe objects in English. First, when you want to show someone an object, you use 'this' for one thing that is close to you, and 'these' for many things that are close to you. If the object is far away, you use 'that' for one thing and 'those' for many things.
For example, if a pen is in your hand, you say,
This is a pen.
If a book is across the room, you say,
That is a book.
When you want to ask about something, you often start with
What is this?
for one close object, or
What are these?
for many close objects. Similarly, you'd ask
What is that?
or
What are those?
for things far away. Notice how we use 'is' for one thing (singular) and 'are' for many things (plural).
We also use 'here' to talk about a location close to you, and 'there' for a location far from you. For instance,
My bag is here
or
The car is there.
To show ownership, we use 'my' for things belonging to you and 'your' for things belonging to the person you are talking to. These words must always be followed by a noun. For example,
My book is red
or
Your phone is new.
Finally, to specify where things are, we use prepositions:
* 'In': for something inside an enclosed space (e.g.,
in the box,
in the room
).
* 'On': for something resting on a surface (e.g.,
on the table,
on the wall
).
* 'At': for a specific point or general location (e.g.,
at the door,
at home,
at the park
). Understanding these basic rules will unlock your ability to describe the world around you in simple English.

الأخطاء الشائعة

  1. 1Mixing up 'is' and 'are' with singular/plural:
* ✗ These is my keys.
* ✓ These are my keys. (Use 'are' for plural 'these'.)
* ✗ Those are my book.
* ✓ That is my book. (Use 'is' for singular 'that'.)
  1. 1Incorrect preposition for location:
* ✗ The apple is on the box. (If it's *inside* the box)
* ✓ The apple is in the box.
* ✗ My phone is in the table. (If it's *on top of* the table)
* ✓ My phone is on the table.
  1. 1Using 'my' or 'your' without a noun:
* ✗ That is my. (What is yours?)
* ✓ That is my book.
* ✗ Where is your? (Your what?)
* ✓ Where is your jacket?

محادثات حقيقية

Conversation 1: Pointing and Asking

A

A

What is this? (A points to a pen on the table, close to A)
B

B

This is a pen.
A

A

And what is that? (A points to a bag across the room)
B

B

That is my bag.

Conversation 2: Location and Possession

A

A

Excuse me, where is my phone?
B

B

Is it on the chair?
A

A

No, it’s not on the chair. Oh, it’s in my pocket! Thank you.

Conversation 3: Close and Far

A

A

Look! This is a nice picture. (Holding the picture)
B

B

Yes, it is! And that is a big tree there. (Pointing out the window)

أسئلة شائعة

Q: When do I use 'this' versus 'that' in English?

Use 'this' for a single object close to you (like in your hand). Use 'that' for a single object that is farther away from you (like across the room).

Q: What's the main difference between 'in', 'on', and 'at' for beginners?

'In' means something is inside a space (like in a box). 'On' means something is on a surface (like on a table). 'At' means a specific point or general location (like at home or at the bus stop).

Q: Can I say My is good instead of
My life is good
?

No, 'my' always needs a noun right after it. You must say

My life is good
or
My car is fast.
It tells you *whose* noun it is.

Q: How do I ask about a location in English?

You can ask

Where is it?
for a single item, or
Where are they?
for multiple items. Then you can use 'here' or 'there' in your answer, or a preposition like 'in', 'on', or 'at'.

السياق الثقافي

These simple grammar patterns are the backbone of everyday conversation in English. Native speakers use 'this', 'that', 'in', 'on', and 'at' constantly and naturally. They are not formal or informal; they are simply how you describe the basic existence and location of objects.
Mastering them will make your English sound more natural and your meaning clearer to native speakers from the very beginning.

أمثلة رئيسية (6)

1

Is **this** your coffee?

هل هذه قهوتك؟

هذا وتلك: الإشارة إلى الأشياء
2

**That** building is very tall.

ذلك المبنى طويل جداً.

هذا وتلك: الإشارة إلى الأشياء
3

What is this? It's a book.

ما هذا؟ إنه كتاب.

ما هذا؟ — السؤال عن الأشياء
4

What's that? It's a bird!

ما ذلك؟ إنه طائر!

ما هذا؟ — السؤال عن الأشياء
5

My phone is `in` my bag.

Mi teléfono está en mi bolso.

في، على، عند: أين الأشياء
6

The book is `on` the table.

El libro está en la mesa.

في، على، عند: أين الأشياء

نصائح وحيل (4)

💡

تخيل طول دراعك!

لما تيجي تختار، تخيل إن دراعك قصير جداً. لو تقدر تلمس الحاجة بسهولة استخدم this. لو محتاج تمشي أو تمد إيدك، استخدم that. فكر فيها كدة:
This is my pen.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: هذا وتلك: الإشارة إلى الأشياء
💡

تدرب على الاختصارات!

المتحدثون الأصليون غالباً ما يدمجون الكلمات في المحادثات اليومية، جرب تقول: "What's this?« أو »What's that?" لتشعر أن لغتك طبيعية أكثر.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ما هذا؟ — السؤال عن الأشياء
💡

دايمًا قبل الاسم

افتكر إن my و your مكانهم دايمًا قبل الحاجة اللي بنوصفها، زي my phone أو your hat. مستحيل يجوا بعد الاسم!
This is my phone.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: My & Your — الملكية البسيطة
💡

The 'Walk' Rule

If you can walk onto a vehicle, use 'on' (bus, train). If you have to duck or sit immediately, use 'in' (car, taxi).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: في، على، عند: أين الأشياء

المفردات الرئيسية (5)

book a written work pen an instrument for writing table a piece of furniture bag a container for carrying things phone a device for calling

Real-World Preview

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Finding Your Keys

Review Summary

  • This/That + is + [noun]
  • What + is + this/that?
  • My/Your + [noun]
  • [Noun] + is + in/on/at + [place]
  • It is + here/there

أخطاء شائعة

You cannot use 'this' for something far away ('there'). Use 'that' for distance.

Wrong: This is my book there.
صحيح: That is my book there.

We use 'on' for surfaces and 'in' for containers. A table is a surface.

Wrong: Where is the pen in the table?
صحيح: Where is the pen on the table?

Use 'my' before a noun, not 'mine'. 'Mine' is used alone.

Wrong: What is that? That is mine book.
صحيح: What is that? That is my book.

Next Steps

You've done an amazing job! Keep looking around and naming your world in English. See you in the next chapter!

Label your furniture with sticky notes using 'This is my...' phrases.

Continue to: Expressing Actions & Needs

تدريب سريع (10)

ابحث عن الخطأ وصححه.

Find and fix the mistake:

The cat is over here, by the door (pointing across the room).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The cat is over there, by the door.
بما إنك بتشاور على القطة في مكان بعيد عنك (عبر الغرفة)، يبقى لازم نستخدم 'there'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: هنا وهناك: تحديد الموقع ببساطة

اختر الصيغة الصحيحة لإكمال السؤال.

What ___ this?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
للأشياء المفردة التي نشير إليها بـ 'this' أو 'that'، نستخدم دائماً الفعل 'is'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ما هذا؟ — السؤال عن الأشياء

أي جملة صحيحة من الناحية القواعدية؟

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: That is my car over there.
That للمفرد البعيد وبتيجي مع is. وكلمة 'over there' بتأكد إنها بعيدة.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: هذا وتلك: الإشارة إلى الأشياء

لاقي الغلطة وصلحها

Find and fix the mistake:

Is this you're phone?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Is this your phone?
كلمة 'you're' اختصار لـ 'you are'. إحنا هنا محتاجين 'your' للملكية قبل الاسم.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: My & Your — الملكية البسيطة

أي جملة في دول صح؟

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Where are my keys?
كلمة 'keys' جمع، فبنستخدم 'are' مش 'is'. و 'my' مكانها صح قبل الاسم.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: My & Your — الملكية البسيطة

اختار الكلمة الصح

This is ___ coffee.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: my
كلمة 'my' هي صفة الملكية اللي بتوضح إن القهوة ملكي. 'I' ضمير فاعل بيجي قبل الفعل.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: My & Your — الملكية البسيطة

جد الخطأ في الجملة وقم بتصحيحه.

Find and fix the mistake:

What that is? It's a cat.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: What is that? It's a cat.
الترتيب الصحيح للسؤال المباشر هو: أداة السؤال + الفعل المساعد + اسم الإشارة.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ما هذا؟ — السؤال عن الأشياء

أي جملة هي الصحيحة؟

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: My phone is here, in my hand.
لما يكون الموبايل في إيدك، يعني هو في أقرب نقطة ليك، وعشان كده 'here' هي الصح.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: هنا وهناك: تحديد الموقع ببساطة

Fill in the blank with in, on, or at.

The keys are ___ the table.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: on
A table is a surface, so we use 'on'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: في، على، عند: أين الأشياء

Choose the correct preposition.

I live ___ Paris.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: in
Paris is a city (large area), so we use 'in'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: في، على، عند: أين الأشياء

Score: /10

أسئلة شائعة (6)

this بتشير لحاجة مفردة قريبة منك، بينما that بتشير لحاجة مفردة بعيدة. فكر فيها كأنها 'هنا' و 'هناك'. مثلاً:
This is my phone.
طبعاً! تقدر تقول
This is my friend Sarah
لو هي واقفة جنبك، أو
Who is that person?
لو بعيد. مثلاً:
This is my brother.
أبسط طريقة هي قول What is this? للقريب أو What is that? للبعيد. إنها واضحة ومفهومة في كل مكان. "Don't overthink it!"
عادةً نستخدم What is it? عندما نكون قد تحدثنا عن الشيء بالفعل. أما للأشياء الجديدة تماماً، فالأفضل استخدام What is this? أو What is that?.
ببساطة، my بتدل على إن الحاجة ملكي أنا (المتكلم)، و your بتدل على إن الحاجة ملكك أنت (المستمع).
This is my cup.
لأ خالص! الإنجليزية سهلة هنا، بنقول my book للمفرد و my books للجمع.
I lost my keys.
الفصل السابق
عالمك بكلماتك: تعلم وصف الأشخاص والأشياء من حولك
الفصل التالي
Expressing Actions & Needs
العودة إلى خارطة الطريق