謝罪する في 30 ثانية
- Formal verb: to apologize, express regret.
- Used for serious mistakes, official contexts.
- Less common than 謝る (ayumaru) or ごめんなさい (gomennasai).
- Key for understanding news and business Japanese.
The Japanese verb 謝罪する (しゃざいする - shazai suru) is a formal and direct way to express an apology. It literally means 'to make a confession of fault and apologize'. You will encounter this word in situations where a sincere and often official apology is required, such as in business dealings, formal announcements, or when acknowledging a significant mistake that has caused inconvenience or harm to others. It's not typically used for minor everyday slip-ups like bumping into someone accidentally on the street, where simpler expressions are more common.
- Nuance
- While 謝罪する is a direct apology, the act of apologizing in Japanese culture often involves more than just saying the words. It can include bowing, offering a gift, or taking responsibility in a broader sense. 謝罪する is the verbal component of this broader act.
- Contexts
- You might see or hear 謝罪する in news reports about corporate scandals, official statements from companies admitting fault, or in legal contexts. In personal relationships, it's reserved for more serious offenses where a deep apology is necessary to mend the relationship.
会社は、製品の欠陥について謝罪する声明を発表しました。
Understanding the formality of 謝罪する is key. Using it in a casual setting can sound overly dramatic or insincere. It signals a recognition of a significant error and a desire to formally address the consequences.
謝罪する (しゃざいする) is a verb, and like most Japanese verbs, it conjugates. The most common forms you'll encounter are its dictionary form (謝罪する), its polite '-masu' form (謝罪します - shazai shimasu), and its past tense form (謝罪しました - shazai shimashita). It is often used with nouns like 謝罪 (shazai - apology) or 謝罪会見 (shazai kaiken - apology press conference).
- Basic Structure
- Subject + (Object/Reason) + 謝罪する (or its conjugated forms).
遅刻したことを深く謝罪いたします。
- With a Noun
- Often, 謝罪する is used in conjunction with the noun 謝罪 (shazai), meaning 'apology'. For example, 謝罪の言葉 (shazai no kotoba - words of apology) or 謝罪の気持ち (shazai no kimochi - feelings of apology).
彼は、自分の過ちを認め、謝罪しました。
- Expressing the Reason
- The reason for the apology can be indicated using particles like 〜について (ni tsuite - about) or 〜により (ni yori - due to).
この度の不手際について、深く謝罪申し上げます。
Practicing sentence construction with different tenses and particles will help solidify your understanding of how to use 謝罪する effectively in various contexts.
You'll most frequently encounter 謝罪する (しゃざいする) in formal settings, news reports, and official communications. It's a word that carries significant weight and is not used lightly.
- News and Media
- When a company or organization makes a major mistake, such as a data breach, a product recall, or an ethical violation, news outlets will report on their public 謝罪する or 謝罪会見 (shazai kaiken - apology press conference). This is a common context for this term.
大手企業が、環境汚染問題について謝罪する記者会見を開きました。
- Business and Official Settings
- In professional environments, if a mistake is made that significantly impacts clients, partners, or the public, a formal apology using 謝罪する might be issued. This could be in an email, a formal letter, or a spoken statement during a meeting.
- Legal and Political Contexts
- In legal proceedings or political apologies, 謝罪する is the appropriate term for a formal admission of wrongdoing and expression of regret.
首相は、国民の信頼を裏切ったことに対して謝罪しました。
While you might not use 謝罪する in daily conversations with friends, understanding it is crucial for comprehending news, formal announcements, and discussions about accountability in Japanese society.
Using 謝罪する (しゃざいする) incorrectly can lead to misunderstandings or make you sound insincere. The primary mistake learners make is using it in situations where a simpler apology is more appropriate.
- Mistake 1: Overuse in Casual Situations
- Mistake: Using 謝罪する for minor, everyday mistakes like bumping into someone, being a few minutes late for a casual meeting with friends, or forgetting to bring a small item.
- Correct: For these situations, use ごめんなさい (gomennasai) or すみません (sumimasen). These are more natural and less intense.
- Explanation: 謝罪する carries a heavy sense of formal responsibility and regret. Using it for trivial matters can sound overly dramatic, insincere, or even sarcastic.
（誤）電車でぶつかって謝罪する。
- Mistake 2: Confusing with 謝る (ayumaru)
- Mistake: Treating 謝罪する and 謝る (ayumaru) as interchangeable in all contexts.
- Correct: Understand that 謝罪する is more formal and often used for official apologies or when admitting serious fault, while 謝る is more general and can be used in a wider range of situations, including personal ones.
- Explanation: While both mean 'to apologize', 謝罪する implies a deeper, more formal acknowledgment of wrongdoing, often in a public or business context. 謝る is more versatile and can be used for personal apologies.
- Mistake 3: Incorrect Conjugation
- Mistake: Incorrectly conjugating the verb, especially in polite or formal speech.
- Correct: Ensure you use the correct polite form (謝罪します - shazai shimasu) and past tense (謝罪しました - shazai shimashita) when appropriate. For very formal situations, 謝罪申し上げます (shazai moushiagemasu) is used.
- Explanation: Using the wrong conjugation can make your apology sound less respectful or even grammatically incorrect.
While 謝罪する (しゃざいする) is a specific and formal way to apologize, several other words and phrases can be used depending on the context and level of formality.
- 謝る (あやまる - ayumaru)
- Usage: This is the most common and versatile verb for 'to apologize'. It can be used in a wide range of situations, from casual to semi-formal.
- Comparison: 謝る is generally less formal than 謝罪する. You would use 謝る to apologize to a friend for being late or to a shopkeeper if you accidentally damaged something minor. 謝罪する is reserved for more serious offenses or formal settings.
- Example: 友達に遅刻したことを謝った。(I apologized to my friend for being late.)
- すみません (sumimasen)
- Usage: This is an extremely common phrase that can mean 'excuse me', 'I'm sorry', or 'thank you' depending on the context. It's often used for minor inconveniences or to get someone's attention.
- Comparison: Sumimasen is much less intense than 謝罪する. It's perfect for situations like accidentally bumping into someone, asking for directions, or when someone does you a small favor.
- Example: すみません、道を教えていただけますか。(Excuse me, could you tell me the way?)
- ごめんなさい (gomennasai)
- Usage: This is a direct and common way to say 'I'm sorry'. It's generally used in personal or informal situations.
- Comparison: Gomennasai is more personal than sumimasen and less formal than 謝罪する. It's suitable for apologizing to friends, family, or peers for minor to moderate mistakes.
- Example: 約束を破ってごめんなさい。(I'm sorry for breaking my promise.)
- 反省する (はんせいする - hansei suru)
- Usage: This means 'to reflect on' or 'to repent'. It's about acknowledging a mistake and thinking about it deeply.
- Comparison: 反省する is about the internal process of reflection, while 謝罪する is the outward expression of apology. One often leads to the other; you might 反省する after making a mistake, and then 謝罪する to the person affected.
- Example: 自分の行動を深く反省しています。(I am deeply reflecting on my actions.)
How Formal Is It?
حقيقة ممتعة
The kanji 謝 (sha) itself is composed of 言 (gen - speech) and 射 (sha - shoot). This might imply that apologizing involves speaking and 'shooting' out words of regret or explanation.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing 'z' as 's' or vice versa.
- Incorrectly stressing syllables.
- Not clearly enunciating the 'u' sound in 'suru'.
مستوى الصعوبة
Understanding 謝罪する in reading requires recognizing its formal nature and the contexts in which it appears, such as news articles or business documents. Learners need to differentiate it from more common apology words.
Using 謝罪する correctly in writing demands an understanding of formality and appropriate situations. Incorrect usage can sound awkward or insincere.
Speaking 謝罪する requires confidence in its formality and the ability to deliver it with appropriate tone and sincerity. It's less common in spontaneous conversation.
Recognizing 謝罪する in listening is important for understanding the seriousness and formality of a situation, especially in news broadcasts or official speeches.
ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك
المتطلبات الأساسية
تعلّم لاحقاً
متقدم
قواعد يجب معرفتها
Verb Conjugation (ます-form)
To make 謝罪する polite, change する to します: 謝罪します.
Verb Conjugation (past tense)
To make 謝罪する past polite, change します to しました: 謝罪しました.
Using 〜について (ni tsuite - about/regarding)
遅刻について、謝罪します。(I apologize about being late.)
Using 〜を (o - direct object particle)
不正行為を謝罪します。(I apologize for the misconduct.)
Using 〜て (te-form) to connect actions
間違いを認め、謝罪しました。(I admitted my mistake and apologized.)
أمثلة حسب المستوى
ごめんなさい。
I'm sorry.
A simple apology.
すみません。
Excuse me / I'm sorry.
Used for minor inconveniences.
遅れてごめん。
Sorry I'm late.
Informal apology for lateness.
間違えました。
I made a mistake.
Stating that an error occurred.
ご迷惑をおかけしました。
I caused you trouble.
Acknowledging causing inconvenience.
悪かったよ。
My bad.
Very informal apology.
許してください。
Please forgive me.
A plea for pardon.
わざとじゃないんです。
It wasn't on purpose.
Explaining an action was unintentional.
昨日、約束を破って、友達に謝りました。
Yesterday, I broke my promise and apologized to my friend.
Past tense of 謝る (ayumaru).
すみません、この本は誰のですか？
Excuse me, whose book is this?
Using 'sumimasen' to ask a question.
電車で席を譲ってくれて、ありがとうございます。
Thank you for giving me your seat on the train.
Using 'sumimasen' can sometimes imply thanks for a favor.
私のせいで、みんなに迷惑がかかりました。
Because of me, everyone was inconvenienced.
Expressing responsibility for causing trouble.
遅刻して、本当にごめんなさい。
I'm truly sorry for being late.
Emphasizing the apology.
あの、すみません、もう一度お願いします。
Um, excuse me, could you please repeat that?
Using 'sumimasen' to ask for repetition.
私の不注意で、グラスを割ってしまいました。
I broke the glass due to my carelessness.
Explaining the reason for a mistake.
この度は、大変申し訳ございませんでした。
We sincerely apologize for this matter.
A more formal apology, but still not 謝罪する.
会社は、製品の欠陥について謝罪する声明を発表しました。
The company issued a statement to apologize for the product defect.
Formal apology in a business context.
会議に遅刻したことを、上司に深く謝罪しました。
I deeply apologized to my boss for being late to the meeting.
Past tense, formal apology to a superior.
彼の無責任な行動は、多くの人に迷惑をかけ、彼は謝罪する必要がありました。
His irresponsible behavior inconvenienced many people, and he needed to apologize.
Expressing the need for a formal apology.
この度の不手際について、心より謝罪申し上げます。
Regarding this mishandling, I sincerely apologize.
Very formal apology, often written.
政治家は、国民の信頼を裏切ったことに対して謝罪するべきだ。
The politician should apologize for betraying the public's trust.
A call for a formal apology.
彼の発言は、多くの人々を傷つけ、彼は公に謝罪しました。
His remarks hurt many people, and he publicly apologized.
Public apology for hurtful remarks.
もし私のせいで問題が起きたのであれば、喜んで謝罪します。
If a problem occurred because of me, I will gladly apologize.
Conditional formal apology.
企業は、個人情報漏洩の件で、顧客に謝罪することになった。
The company ended up apologizing to customers regarding the personal information leak.
Apology related to data privacy.
企業は、社会的な責任を果たすために、過ちを犯した際には真摯に謝罪する姿勢が求められる。
Companies are expected to sincerely apologize when they make mistakes in order to fulfill their social responsibility.
Emphasizing sincerity in a corporate apology.
今回の事件の責任を痛感し、関係各位に深く謝罪申し上げます。
I deeply feel the responsibility for this incident and sincerely apologize to all parties concerned.
Expressing deep remorse and addressing all parties.
彼の発言が差別的であると非難され、彼はメディアを通じて公式に謝罪することになった。
His remarks were criticized as discriminatory, and he ended up officially apologizing through the media.
Official apology due to public criticism.
たとえ意図的でなかったとしても、他者に不快感を与えたのであれば、謝罪するのが礼儀である。
Even if it was not intentional, it is polite to apologize if you have caused discomfort to others.
Apology as a matter of etiquette.
プロジェクトの遅延により、クライアントに多大な迷惑をかけたことを、プロジェクトマネージャーはチームを代表して謝罪しました。
The project manager apologized on behalf of the team for causing significant inconvenience to the client due to the project delay.
Apology by a representative for a team's failure.
歴史的な過ちに対して謝罪することは、未来への責任を果たす一歩である。
Apologizing for historical mistakes is a step towards fulfilling responsibility for the future.
Apology related to historical context.
彼の軽率な行動が引き起こした事態を鑑み、彼は早急に謝罪するべきだった。
Considering the situation caused by his careless actions, he should have apologized promptly.
Urgency and necessity of apology.
組織として、個人の過失を隠蔽せず、誠意をもって謝罪することが信頼回復の鍵となる。
As an organization, sincerely apologizing with integrity without hiding individual mistakes is key to regaining trust.
Apology as a strategy for trust-building.
その政治家は、過去の失言について、国民の感情を逆撫でするような形で謝罪したため、さらなる批判を浴びた。
The politician was further criticized because they apologized for past gaffes in a way that seemed to provoke public sentiment.
Critique of an apology's wording and tone.
企業統治の観点から、不正行為が発覚した場合、経営陣は即座に謝罪するとともに、再発防止策を講じる義務がある。
From a corporate governance perspective, when misconduct is discovered, management has an obligation to immediately apologize and implement measures to prevent recurrence.
Legal and ethical obligations surrounding apologies.
歴史認識を巡る論争において、一方の国が過去の行為に対して謝罪することは、国際関係の改善に不可欠な要素となり得る。
In disputes over historical perception, an apology from one country for past actions can be an essential element for improving international relations.
Apology as a diplomatic tool.
彼の謝罪は、形式的で感情がこもっていないと受け取られ、かえって被害者の怒りを増幅させる結果となった。
His apology was perceived as perfunctory and lacking emotion, which instead resulted in amplifying the victim's anger.
Analysis of ineffective apologies.
文化的な誤解から生じた対立を解消するためには、双方の立場を理解し、互いに謝罪する柔軟性が求められる。
To resolve conflicts arising from cultural misunderstandings, flexibility is required to understand each other's positions and apologize mutually.
Mutual apology for cultural misunderstandings.
SNS上での炎上騒動を経て、インフルエンサーは自身の軽率な発言について、詳細な説明とともに謝罪しました。
Following an online controversy, the influencer apologized for their careless remarks along with a detailed explanation.
Apology in the context of social media controversies.
組織のトップが、長年にわたる不正行為の責任を認め、国民に深く謝罪する記者会見は、社会に大きな衝撃を与えた。
The press conference where the head of the organization admitted responsibility for years of misconduct and deeply apologized to the public, caused a great shock to society.
High-impact apology from organizational leadership.
たとえ法的な責任がなくても、道義的な観点から謝罪することが、関係修復の第一歩となる場合がある。
Even if there is no legal responsibility, apologizing from a moral standpoint can be the first step towards repairing relationships.
Moral apologies for relationship repair.
その企業は、過去の環境汚染に対する責任を認め、国際社会に対して包括的な謝罪声明を発表した。
The company acknowledged its responsibility for past environmental pollution and issued a comprehensive apology statement to the international community.
Comprehensive apology on an international scale.
歴史学者たちは、過去の帝国主義的行為について、被害国に対してより踏み込んだ謝罪をすべきだと主張している。
Historians argue that a more in-depth apology should be made to victimized countries for past imperialistic actions.
Academic discourse on historical apologies.
彼の謝罪の言葉は、弁護士によって慎重に練り上げられたものであったが、その真意が国民に伝わらなかった。
Although his words of apology were carefully crafted by his lawyers, their true intentions were not conveyed to the public.
Analysis of legally crafted but ineffective apologies.
世代間の和解を促進するためには、過去の世代が犯した過ちに対する、より深いレベルでの謝罪と理解が必要である。
To promote intergenerational reconciliation, a deeper level of apology and understanding is needed for mistakes made by past generations.
Intergenerational apologies for reconciliation.
その芸術家は、自身の作品が引き起こした論争について、芸術的表現の自由と社会的責任の狭間で葛藤しながらも、最終的には謝罪の意を表明した。
The artist, while struggling between freedom of artistic expression and social responsibility regarding the controversy caused by their work, ultimately expressed their intent to apologize.
Apology in the context of artistic controversy and ethics.
組織の内部告発者に対する報復行為は、許されざるものであり、その責任者は徹底的な謝罪と処罰を受けるべきである。
Retaliation against organizational whistleblowers is unforgivable, and those responsible should face a thorough apology and punishment.
Apology and accountability for retaliation.
彼の謝罪は、単なる言葉の表面にとどまらず、具体的な行動を通じてその誠意を示そうとするものであった。
His apology was not merely superficial words but aimed to demonstrate his sincerity through concrete actions.
Apology demonstrated through actions.
社会全体で過去の不正義に対して謝罪するプロセスは、しばしば長く、困難なものであるが、真の和解への道を開く。
The process of society as a whole apologizing for past injustices is often long and difficult, but it opens the path to true reconciliation.
Societal apologies as a path to reconciliation.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— I apologize.
この度の不手際について、謝罪します。
— I apologized (polite past tense).
遅刻したことについて、上司に謝罪いたしました。
— I sincerely apologize (very polite).
ご迷惑をおかけしたこと、心より謝罪申し上げます。
— Words of apology.
彼は、謝罪の言葉を述べました。
— Apology press conference.
企業が不正を犯し、謝罪会見を開いた。
— Written apology.
彼は、謝罪文をウェブサイトに掲載した。
— Obligation to apologize.
社会的な責任として、謝罪する義務がある。
— To accept an apology.
被害者は、彼の謝罪を受け入れることにした。
— Feelings of apology/regret.
彼の表情には、謝罪の気持ちが表れていた。
— To pretend to apologize.
彼の態度は、謝罪を装っているように見えた。
يُخلط عادةً مع
謝る is a more general and less formal verb for 'to apologize'. While both mean 'to apologize', 謝罪する is reserved for more serious or official situations.
反省する means 'to reflect' or 'to repent'. It's about the internal process of acknowledging a mistake, whereas 謝罪する is the external act of apologizing.
弁解する means 'to explain' or 'make excuses'. This is the opposite of apologizing, which involves admitting fault.
سهل الخلط
Both verbs mean 'to apologize'.
謝罪する is formal and used for serious offenses or official apologies, often in business or public contexts. 謝る is more general and can be used in personal or less formal situations. Think of 謝罪する as a more 'official' apology.
友達に遅刻したことを<strong>謝った</strong>。(I apologized to my friend for being late.) vs. 会社は、顧客に多大な迷惑をかけたことを<strong>謝罪しました</strong>。(The company apologized to customers for causing great inconvenience.)
Sumimasen can also mean 'I'm sorry'.
Sumimasen is typically used for minor inconveniences, to get attention, or as a polite thank you. It lacks the gravity of 謝罪する. 謝罪する is a direct verb for admitting fault and expressing deep regret, usually for significant errors.
すみません、ぶつかってしまいました。(Excuse me, I bumped into you.) vs. 彼の無責任な行動は、多くの人に迷惑をかけ、彼は<strong>謝罪する</strong>必要がありました。(His irresponsible behavior inconvenienced many people, and he needed to apologize.)
Gomennasai also means 'I'm sorry'.
Gomennasai is a common, personal apology, often used among friends and family. It's more informal than 謝罪する. 謝罪する is reserved for situations requiring a formal acknowledgment of wrongdoing, not casual personal apologies.
宿題を忘れて<strong>ごめんなさい</strong>。(I'm sorry I forgot my homework.) vs. 首相は、国民の信頼を裏切ったことに対して<strong>謝罪しました</strong>。(The Prime Minister apologized for betraying the public's trust.)
Both relate to acknowledging mistakes.
反省する means 'to reflect' or 'repent' – it's an internal process of thinking about one's mistakes. 謝罪する is the external act of verbally apologizing for those mistakes. One often leads to the other; you reflect (反省する) and then apologize (謝罪する).
自分の過ちを<strong>反省しています</strong>。(I am reflecting on my mistake.) vs. 彼は、自分の過ちを認め、<strong>謝罪しました</strong>。(He admitted his mistake and apologized.)
Both are formal apologies.
お詫びする is a polite way to offer an apology, often used in business correspondence. 謝罪する is a more direct verb form that can be used in similar formal contexts but might sound slightly more assertive in admitting fault. Both are appropriate for formal apologies.
この度はご迷惑をおかけし、<strong>お詫び申し上げます</strong>。(We apologize for the inconvenience caused this time.) vs. 会社は、製品の欠陥について<strong>謝罪する</strong>声明を発表しました。(The company issued a statement to apologize for the product defect.)
أنماط الجُمل
Subject + は + (Reason/Object) + について/により + 謝罪する
弊社<strong>は</strong>、製品の欠陥<strong>について</strong>、深く<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
Subject + が + (Reason/Object) + を + 謝罪する
彼は、自分の無責任さ<strong>が</strong>、皆に迷惑をかけたこと<strong>を謝罪しました</strong>。
Adverb + 謝罪する
心から<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
謝罪 + する
<strong>謝罪しました</strong>。
謝罪 + 申し上げる
深く<strong>謝罪申し上げます</strong>。
Noun + の + 謝罪
彼の<strong>謝罪</strong>は誠実だった。
Verb (て-form) + 謝罪する
約束を破っ<strong>て謝罪しました</strong>。
Subject + は + (Reason) + について + 謝罪する + 義務がある
企業<strong>は</strong>、顧客の不満<strong>について</strong>、<strong>謝罪する義務がある</strong>。
عائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
مرتبط
كيفية الاستخدام
Medium (in formal contexts), Low (in general conversation)
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Using 謝罪する for minor, everyday apologies.
→
Use ごめんなさい (gomennasai) or すみません (sumimasen) for casual apologies.
謝罪する is too formal and carries too much weight for trivial matters. It can sound insincere or overly dramatic if used inappropriately.
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Confusing 謝罪する with 謝る (ayumaru) in all contexts.
→
Use 謝罪する for formal, serious apologies and 謝る for general apologies.
While both mean 'to apologize', 謝罪する implies a greater degree of formality and responsibility, often in public or business settings, whereas 謝る is more versatile.
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Incorrect conjugation, especially in polite speech.
→
Use the correct polite form 謝罪します (shazai shimasu) or the very formal 謝罪申し上げます (shazai moushiagemasu).
Using the wrong conjugation can make the apology sound less respectful or grammatically incorrect, undermining the sincerity.
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Overusing phrases like '謝罪します' without genuine intent.
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Ensure your apology is sincere and, if possible, accompanied by actions to rectify the situation.
In Japanese culture, sincerity is key. A hollow apology, even if grammatically correct, can be perceived negatively.
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Treating 謝罪する as equivalent to 'making excuses'.
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謝罪する is about admitting fault, not explaining it away. If explanation is needed, it should follow a sincere apology.
Apologizing means taking responsibility. Trying to explain away your actions immediately after saying 謝罪する can negate the apology's impact.
نصائح
Understand the Formality
Remember that 謝罪する is a formal verb. It's not for casual apologies. Think of it for serious situations where you need to admit fault and express deep regret, like in business or official matters.
Listen for News and Business
You'll often hear or read 謝罪する in news reports about corporate scandals, political gaffes, or official statements. Pay attention to these contexts to reinforce your understanding.
Differentiate from 謝る
Always distinguish between 謝罪する and the more common verb 謝る (ayumaru). While both mean 'to apologize', 謝罪する carries more weight and is used for graver offenses.
Write Example Sentences
Practice writing sentences using 謝罪する in different formal scenarios. This will help you internalize when and how to use it correctly.
Master Conjugations
Ensure you know how to conjugate 謝罪する into its polite forms (謝罪します, 謝罪しました) and very formal forms (謝罪申し上げます) as these are crucial for appropriate usage.
Consider Cultural Nuance
In Japan, apologies are significant. Be aware that a verbal apology like 謝罪する might be accompanied by non-verbal gestures like bowing, signifying sincerity.
Know Your Alternatives
Familiarize yourself with other apology words like すみません (sumimasen) and ごめんなさい (gomennasai) to ensure you choose the most appropriate level of formality for any given situation.
Understand its Weight
Using 謝罪する signals a serious admission of fault. Ensure your apology is genuine and backed by actions if necessary, as the word itself carries significant weight.
Learn the Kanji
Understanding the kanji 謝 (apologize) and 罪 (fault/crime) can help solidify the meaning and formality of 謝罪する.
Apply in Formal Settings
When interacting in formal Japanese business or academic settings, be prepared to recognize and potentially use 謝罪する appropriately if a significant error occurs.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine someone is 'shot' (射 - sha) with guilt (罪 - zai) for something they did, and they must apologize (謝罪する).
ربط بصري
Picture a person being hit by an arrow (representing 射 - sha) and then looking very guilty (罪 - zai) and bowing deeply to apologize (謝罪する).
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Write three sentences using 謝罪する in different formal contexts, such as a company apology, a political statement, and a legal admission of fault.
أصل الكلمة
The word 謝罪 (shazai) is a compound word formed from two kanji: 謝 (sha) meaning 'thank, apologize, decline' and 罪 (zai) meaning 'crime, sin, fault'. Together, they literally mean 'to apologize for a fault'. The verb する (suru) is added to make it a verb.
المعنى الأصلي: The kanji 謝 originally carried the meaning of 'to thank' but also evolved to include 'to apologize' or 'to decline'. 罪 clearly refers to a transgression or wrongdoing.
Sino-Japanese (derived from Chinese characters)السياق الثقافي
When using or encountering 謝罪する, be aware of its formality. Using it inappropriately can sound insincere or overly dramatic. Conversely, failing to offer a proper apology when required can be seen as a significant social faux pas.
While English speakers also apologize, the cultural weight and ritualistic aspects of a formal Japanese apology like 謝罪する are often more pronounced. The emphasis on group harmony (和 - wa) means that resolving conflict through sincere apologies is highly valued.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
Corporate Scandal / Product Defect
- 製品の欠陥について<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
- 消費者の皆様に深く<strong>謝罪申し上げます</strong>。
- 再発防止策を講じ、二度とこのようなことがないよう努めます。
Political Apology
- 国民の皆様の信頼を裏切ったことに対し、<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
- 過去の過ちについて、真摯に<strong>謝罪いたします</strong>。
- 今後は、より一層の努力をいたします。
Business Misconduct
- 今回の不手際<strong>について</strong>、心より<strong>謝罪いたします</strong>。
- 関係各位にご迷惑をおかけしたことを<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
- 速やかに是正措置を講じます。
Personal Serious Mistake
- 私の軽率な行動<strong>について</strong>、深く<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
- あなたを傷つけてしまったこと、<strong>謝罪します</strong>。
- どうか、私の<strong>謝罪</strong>を受け入れてください。
Legal Settlements
- 本件に関する責任を認め、<strong>謝罪する</strong>。
- 和解条項に基づき、<strong>謝罪広告</strong>を掲載します。
- これ以上の争いを避けるため、<strong>謝罪</strong>に応じます。
بدايات محادثة
"Have you ever had to make a formal apology in Japanese?"
"What's the difference between 謝罪する and 謝る?"
"When is it appropriate to use 謝罪する?"
"Can you think of a situation where a public apology was necessary?"
"How important are apologies in Japanese culture?"
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
Describe a time you had to apologize formally, either in Japanese or your native language. What was the situation and outcome?
Reflect on the cultural significance of apologies. How does the way people apologize differ across cultures?
Imagine you are a company representative facing a crisis. How would you prepare for a formal apology press conference?
Write a short dialogue where one character needs to 謝罪する to another. Focus on the tone and specific phrases used.
Consider the word 'responsibility'. How does it relate to the act of apologizing?
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلةNo, 謝罪する is generally not used in casual, everyday conversations. For minor slip-ups like bumping into someone or being a little late, more informal expressions like ごめんなさい (gomennasai) or すみません (sumimasen) are used. 謝罪する is reserved for more serious situations where a formal apology is required.
The main difference lies in formality and context. 謝罪する is a formal verb used for serious mistakes, often in business, legal, or public settings. 謝る is a more general and versatile verb for apologizing that can be used in a wider range of situations, including personal ones, and is less formal than 謝罪する.
You should use 謝罪する when you have made a significant mistake that has caused considerable trouble or harm, especially in a formal setting like a business negotiation, a public announcement, or when addressing superiors. ごめんなさい is suitable for apologies to friends, family, or for minor personal errors.
Yes, 謝罪 (shazai) is the noun form, meaning 'apology'. You might see phrases like 謝罪の言葉 (shazai no kotoba - words of apology) or 謝罪会見 (shazai kaiken - apology press conference).
It's commonly used when companies apologize for product defects, data breaches, or ethical violations. Politicians might use it to apologize for scandals or policy failures. It's also used in legal contexts or when admitting to serious personal wrongdoing in a formal manner.
As a する-verb, it conjugates like most verbs. The polite form is 謝罪します (shazai shimasu), the past polite form is 謝罪しました (shazai shimashita), and the plain past form is 謝罪した (shazai shita). For very formal apologies, you might hear 謝罪申し上げます (shazai moushiagemasu).
Yes, in Japanese culture, a verbal apology like 謝罪する is often accompanied by non-verbal cues such as bowing (お辞儀 - ojigi). The depth and duration of the bow can indicate the sincerity and seriousness of the apology.
Using 謝罪する in a casual context can sound overly dramatic, insincere, or even sarcastic, potentially offending the listener. Conversely, failing to use it when a formal apology is warranted can be seen as disrespectful or lacking accountability.
A 謝罪会見 is an 'apology press conference'. This is a formal event where a company or public figure apologizes for a significant mistake or scandal. It often involves the highest-ranking individuals taking responsibility and answering questions from the media.
The kanji 謝 itself can mean 'thank' or 'decline', but in the compound word 謝罪, the meaning is exclusively 'apology'. The 'thank' meaning is usually associated with other words or contexts.
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Summary
謝罪する is a formal and direct verb for apologizing, used when admitting serious fault or in official settings like business or media. It carries significant weight and is distinct from casual apologies like ごめんなさい (gomennasai) or 謝る (ayumaru).
- Formal verb: to apologize, express regret.
- Used for serious mistakes, official contexts.
- Less common than 謝る (ayumaru) or ごめんなさい (gomennasai).
- Key for understanding news and business Japanese.
Understand the Formality
Remember that 謝罪する is a formal verb. It's not for casual apologies. Think of it for serious situations where you need to admit fault and express deep regret, like in business or official matters.
Listen for News and Business
You'll often hear or read 謝罪する in news reports about corporate scandals, political gaffes, or official statements. Pay attention to these contexts to reinforce your understanding.
Differentiate from 謝る
Always distinguish between 謝罪する and the more common verb 謝る (ayumaru). While both mean 'to apologize', 謝罪する carries more weight and is used for graver offenses.
Write Example Sentences
Practice writing sentences using 謝罪する in different formal scenarios. This will help you internalize when and how to use it correctly.
مثال
彼は自分の過ちを謝罪した。
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات business
遅めに
B1متأخر قليلاً أو متأخر عن المعتاد.
経理
B1المحاسبة هي إدارة السجلات المالية للشركة.
的確な
B1تحليل دقيق ومباشر للمشكلة.
達成する
B1تحقيق هدف أو إنجاز مهمة مخططة. هو الوصول إلى نتيجة ناجحة بعد بذل الجهد.
活性化
B2تنشيط أو إحياء شيء ما، مثل الاقتصاد أو المجتمع المحلي.
付加
B2إضافة أو إرفاق شيء إضافي إلى شيء موجود لزيادة قيمته أو وظيفته. 'تمت إضافة ميزة جديدة إلى التطبيق.'
優位性
B2تعني كلمة 優位性 امتلاك ميزة أو كون الشخص في وضع أفضل من الآخرين. قد تتمتع شركة ما بميزة تنافسية (優位性) بفضل التكنولوجيا المبتكرة. يسعى الرياضيون للحصول على أفضلية جسدية (優位性) للفوز بالمنافسة.
有利
A2يعني أن تكون في وضع مفيد أو ملائم.
有利に
B1بشكل مفيد؛ بشكل ملائم.
宣伝する
B1الترويج لشيء ما أو الإعلان عنه للجمهور لزيادة الوعي به.
