重症な في 30 ثانية
- A 'na'-adjective signifying a serious or critical medical condition.
- Used for severe illnesses or injuries requiring urgent medical attention.
- Common in medical reports, news, and discussions about emergencies.
- Implies a grave state, potentially life-threatening.
The Japanese adjective 重症な (jūshō na) is used to describe a condition, typically an illness or injury, that is very serious, severe, or critical. It signifies a grave state that requires significant medical attention and carries a high risk. You'll often encounter this word in medical contexts, news reports about accidents or disasters, and discussions about health emergencies.
When someone is described as having 重症な condition, it means their situation is far from mild or minor. It implies a level of severity that could be life-threatening or lead to long-term severe consequences if not treated properly. For instance, a patient in the intensive care unit might be described as having a 重症な illness.
In news reporting, 重症な might be used to convey the impact of a natural disaster, such as the number of people who suffered 重症な injuries. It's a powerful word that immediately communicates the gravity of a situation. It's important to distinguish it from words that describe general unpleasantness; 重症な specifically relates to the critical nature of a medical or physical state.
Consider the difference between a 'cold' and a 'severe pneumonia'. The latter would be described as 重症な pneumonia. This adjective is crucial for understanding the urgency and severity of medical situations being discussed. It's a B1 level vocabulary word, meaning learners at this stage should be able to understand and use it in appropriate contexts, particularly when discussing health and emergencies.
The word originates from Chinese characters: '重' (jū) meaning 'heavy' or 'important', and '症' (shō) meaning 'symptom' or 'disease'. Combined, 重症 literally means 'heavy symptom' or 'serious illness', which directly translates to its meaning in Japanese.
- Medical Context
- Used to describe patients in critical condition, requiring intensive care or facing life-threatening situations.
- News Reporting
- Applies to victims of accidents, disasters, or outbreaks who have sustained severe injuries or contracted serious illnesses.
- General Health Discussions
- Differentiates a minor ailment from a significant health problem requiring immediate and serious attention.
事故で多くの人が重症な怪我を負った。
重症な (jūshō na) is a na-adjective, meaning it typically connects to a noun using the particle 'な' (na). This makes it quite versatile in sentence construction. You can place it directly before the noun it modifies, or you can use it predicatively at the end of a sentence, often with the copula 'です' (desu) or 'だ' (da) for politeness or emphasis.
Direct Modification: The most common way to use 重症な is to place it before the noun it describes. This clearly indicates the severity of the noun. For example, you can talk about a 重症な患者 (jūshō na kanja - a serious patient) or a 重症な病気 (jūshō na byōki - a serious illness).
Predicative Use: You can also use 重症な at the end of a sentence to describe the condition of something or someone. For instance, if you are reporting on a medical situation, you might say 「その病気は重症なです。」 (Sono byōki wa jūshō na desu. - That illness is serious.) This emphasizes the seriousness of the illness.
With Verbs: While 重症な itself is an adjective, it often appears in sentences describing actions or states related to serious conditions. For example, someone might 重症な状態に陥る (jūshō na jōtai ni ochiiru - to fall into a serious condition) or 重症な怪我を負う (jūshō na kega o ou - to sustain serious injuries).
In formal contexts like medical reports or news, 重症な is frequently used. In less formal settings, while still understood, people might opt for slightly softer phrasing if the situation isn't dire, but for actual critical conditions, 重症な is the appropriate term.
Sentence Structure Examples:
- Modifying a Noun
- The doctor explained the 重症な symptoms of the disease. (医者はその病気の重症な症状について説明した。 - Iisha wa sono byōki no jūshō na shōjō ni tsuite setsumei shita.)
- Predicative Use
- The condition of the victim is serious. (被害者の状態は重症なです。 - Higaisha no jōtai wa jūshō na desu.)
- Describing an Event
- He sustained severe injuries in the car crash. (彼は交通事故で重症な怪我を負った。 - Kare wa kōtsū jiko de jūshō na kega o otta.)
その患者は重症な状態が続いている。
You'll primarily hear 重症な (jūshō na) in contexts where seriousness and critical conditions are being discussed. The most prominent place is, of course, medical settings. Doctors, nurses, and medical professionals use it to describe patients who are in a critical state. This includes conversations in hospitals, emergency rooms, intensive care units (ICUs), and during medical consultations. For example, a doctor might tell a family, 「患者さんの容態は重症なです。」 (Kanja-san no yōtai wa jūshō na desu. - The patient's condition is serious.)
News broadcasts and journalism are another major source. When reporting on accidents, natural disasters, or outbreaks, journalists use 重症な to convey the severity of injuries or illnesses sustained by victims. You might hear reports like, 「地震により、多数の重症な負傷者が出ています。」 (Jishin ni yori, tasū no jūshō na fushōsha ga dete imasu. - Due to the earthquake, there are numerous serious casualties.) This word immediately signals the gravity of the situation to the audience.
In public health announcements, especially during epidemics or when discussing public safety, 重症な might be used to differentiate between mild cases and those requiring urgent medical intervention. For instance, a government official might urge people to seek medical help if they develop 重症な symptoms.
You might also hear it in disaster preparedness discussions or during emergency drills, emphasizing the potential for severe outcomes. Even in casual conversations, if someone has experienced a significant accident or illness, friends and family might use 重症な to describe their condition to others, conveying the seriousness of what happened.
Consider dramas or movies that depict medical emergencies or accidents; 重症な will be a common adjective used to heighten the dramatic tension and convey the critical nature of the characters' situations.
- Hospital Rounds
- Doctors discussing a patient's critical status: 「この患者は重症な合併症を起こしています。」 (Kono kanja wa jūshō na gappeishō o okoshite imasu. - This patient is experiencing serious complications.)
- News Report on Accident
- Reporting on casualties: 「事故により、数名が重症な怪我をしました。」 (Jiko ni yori, sūmei ga jūshō na kega o shimashita. - Due to the accident, several people sustained serious injuries.)
- Public Health Announcement
- Advising on symptoms: 「重症な症状が見られたら、すぐに医療機関を受診してください。」 (Jūshō na shōjō ga miraretara, sugu ni iryō kikan o jushin shite kudasai. - If you notice severe symptoms, please seek medical attention immediately.)
救急隊は重症な患者を病院へ搬送した。
Learners of Japanese sometimes make mistakes when using 重症な (jūshō na). One of the most common errors is misusing it for general negative situations or minor ailments. 重症な specifically refers to a severe or critical medical condition, not just something unpleasant or slightly inconvenient.
For example, saying 「今日の天気は重症なです。」 (Kyō no tenki wa jūshō na desu. - Today's weather is serious.) would be incorrect and sound very strange. For weather, you might use words like 悪い (warui - bad) or ひどい (hidoi - terrible).
Another mistake is related to its grammatical form. As a 'na' adjective, it requires 'な' (na) when directly preceding a noun. Forgetting this can lead to grammatically incorrect sentences like 「重症病気」 instead of the correct 「重症な病気」 (jūshō na byōki - serious illness). This is a common pitfall for learners of 'na' adjectives.
Confusion can also arise with similar-sounding or related words. For instance, using 重い (omoi - heavy) inappropriately. While 'heavy' can sometimes metaphorically imply seriousness, 重症な is specifically for medical severity. You wouldn't say 「重い病気」 to mean a serious illness; it would be understood as a 'heavy illness' which is not the intended meaning. The correct term for a serious illness is 重症な病気.
Finally, some learners might overuse 重症な when a milder adjective would suffice. If someone has a mild fever, it's not 重症な. Using it for minor issues can dilute its impact and sound alarmist or even humorous in the wrong context.
- Misapplication to Non-Medical Situations
- Incorrect: 「この宿題は重症なです。」 (This homework is serious.) Correct: 「この宿題は大変です。」 (Kono shukudai wa taihen desu. - This homework is difficult/tough.)
- Forgetting 'な' with Nouns
- Incorrect: 「重症怪我」 Correct: 「重症な怪我」 (Jūshō na kega - serious injury)
- Confusing with 'omoi' (heavy)
- Incorrect: 「重い病気」 (omoi byōki) for a serious illness. Correct: 「重症な病気」 (Jūshō na byōki - serious illness)
風邪で重症な怪我をした。
While 重症な (jūshō na) specifically denotes a serious or critical medical condition, other words can convey varying degrees of severity or related concepts. Understanding these distinctions is key to precise communication.
- 重い (omoi)
-
Meaning: Heavy, serious (in a general sense, not specifically medical).
Usage: Can describe the weight of an object, the seriousness of a problem, or the gravity of a situation. While it can sometimes overlap with 'serious,' it lacks the specific medical connotation of 重症な. For example, 「重い話」 (omoi hanashi - a serious talk) or 「重い荷物」 (omoi nimotsu - heavy luggage).
Difference: 重症な is exclusively for medical severity. 重い is broader and can refer to physical weight or general seriousness.
Example: 「彼は重い病気ではないが、少し疲れているようだ。」 (Kare wa omoi byōki de wa nai ga, sukoshi tsukarete iru yō da. - He doesn't have a serious illness, but he seems a bit tired.) Here, 重い is used to deny a serious illness, implying that 重症な would be the term for an actual serious illness.
- 深刻な (shinkoku na)
-
Meaning: Serious, grave, profound.
Usage: Used for situations, problems, or issues that are of great concern and require serious consideration. It's often used in social, economic, or political contexts, as well as for abstract problems. For instance, 「深刻な問題」 (shinkoku na mondai - a serious problem) or 「深刻な影響」 (shinkoku na eikyō - serious impact).
Difference: 深刻な describes the gravity of a situation or problem, while 重症な is specifically about the severity of a medical condition.
Example: 「この地域は深刻な水不足に直面している。」 (Kono chiiki wa shinkoku na mizubusoku ni chokumen shite iru. - This region is facing a serious water shortage.)
- ひどい (hidoi)
-
Meaning: Terrible, awful, severe (often used for pain, weather, or bad situations).
Usage: This is a more general adjective for something bad or intense. It can describe severe pain, terrible weather, or a very bad situation. For example, 「ひどい頭痛」 (hidoi zutsū - terrible headache) or 「ひどい天気」 (hidoi tenki - terrible weather).
Difference: ひどい can describe severe pain, but it doesn't carry the same implication of a life-threatening or critical medical state as 重症な. A ひどい headache is bad, but a 重症な headache could imply a brain tumor or other critical condition.
Example: 「昨夜はひどい雨だった。」 (Sakuya wa hidoi ame datta. - Last night, there was terrible rain.)
- 危篤 (kitoku)
-
Meaning: Critical condition (of a patient), moribund.
Usage: This is a noun that specifically refers to a patient being in a life-threatening state, often on the verge of death. It's used in very specific medical contexts when a patient's condition is extremely grave.
Difference: 危篤 is a noun indicating the absolute worst possible medical state, while 重症な is an adjective describing a condition that is serious and severe, which may or may not be immediately life-threatening.
Example: 「祖父は危篤状態だと医者から伝えられた。」 (Sofu wa kitoku jōtai da to isha kara tsutaerareta. - The doctor informed me that my grandfather was in a critical condition.)
この問題は深刻な影響を及ぼすだろう。
How Formal Is It?
حقيقة ممتعة
The character '重' (jū) appears in many words related to importance or seriousness, such as '重要' (jūyō - important) and '重視' (jūshi - emphasis). This reinforces the core meaning of significance and gravity associated with 重症な.
دليل النطق
- Not pronouncing the long vowels correctly (e.g., saying 'jushō' instead of 'jūshō').
- Mispronouncing the 'shō' sound, which can sound like 'sho' or 'shoh' if not careful.
- Omitting the 'na' particle when used before a noun.
- Confusing the 'jū' sound with a simple 'ju'.
مستوى الصعوبة
At CEFR B1, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Understanding <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> in context, especially medical or news reports, is achievable. The 'na' adjective conjugation is also a B1 level skill.
B1 learners can write simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. They can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes & ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> correctly in these contexts is appropriate.
B1 speakers can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. They can enter unprepared into conversation on topics that are familiar, of personal interest or pertinent to everyday life. Discussing health issues using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is within their capability.
B1 listeners can understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters. They can follow the main points of discussions about familiar topics, including the exchange of factual information. Understanding <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> in spoken contexts is expected.
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Na-adjectives: 重症な is a na-adjective. When it modifies a noun directly, it takes 'な' (na) between the adjective and the noun. When used predicatively at the end of a sentence, it connects to the noun with 'は' or 'が' and is followed by 'です' or 'だ'.
重症な病気 (jūshō na byōki - serious illness); その病気は重症なです (Sono byōki wa jūshō na desu - That illness is serious).
Verb conjugation - 重症化する: This verb means 'to become severe.' It conjugates like a regular 'suru' verb. For example, the past tense is 重症化しました (jūshōka shimashita - became severe).
軽症だったのに重症化した。(Keishō datta noni jūshōka shita.) - Although it was mild, it became severe.
Noun modification: The noun form 重症 (jūshō) can sometimes directly precede another noun, acting like a compound noun or a noun modifier, especially in technical contexts or established phrases. However, using 重症な is generally more versatile.
重症患者 (jūshō kanja - severe patient) vs. 重症な患者 (jūshō na kanja - severe patient). Both are understood, but the latter is more grammatically 'standard' for an adjective.
Using 重症な with particles: It can be followed by particles like 'が' (ga) when used predicatively, or 'と' (to) or 'で' (de) in more complex sentence structures.
その状態は重症だと言われた。(Sono jōtai wa jūshō da to iwareta.) - It was said that the condition was severe.
Comparison with antonyms: Understanding the contrast between 重症な (jūshō na - severe) and 軽症な (keishō na - mild) is crucial for accurate medical descriptions.
重症な 患者と軽症な 患者では対応が異なる。(Jūshō na kanja to keishō na kanja de wa taiō ga kotonaru.) - The response differs between severe and mild patients.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
これは 重症な 病気ですか？
Is this a serious illness?
Basic question structure.
いいえ、軽症な 病気です。
No, it is a mild illness.
Negation and use of antonym.
あの 人は 重症な 怪我を しました。
That person got seriously injured.
Past tense of 'suru'.
それは 大変ですね。
That's terrible, isn't it.
Expression of sympathy.
私は 風邪です。
I have a cold.
Simple statement of illness.
先生、薬を ください。
Doctor, please give me medicine.
Request with 'kudasai'.
はい、これを 飲んでください。
Yes, please drink this.
Imperative form of 'nomu'.
元気に なりますか？
Will I get better?
Question about recovery.
その事故では、数名の人が重症な怪我をしました。
Several people were seriously injured in that accident.
Use of counter 'mei' for people and past tense 'shimashita'.
病院で重症な患者を 見ました。
I saw a seriously ill patient at the hospital.
Use of 'de' for location and past tense 'mimashita'.
この病気は重症に なる可能性が ありますか？
Is there a possibility this illness will become serious?
Using 'kanōsei ga arimasu' for possibility.
はい、注意が 必要です。
Yes, caution is necessary.
Using 'hitsuyō desu' for necessity.
彼は 高熱で 寝込んでいます。
He is confined to bed with a high fever.
Using te-form for ongoing state.
それは 心配ですね。
That's worrying, isn't it.
Expressing concern.
あまり 無理を しないでください。
Please don't overexert yourself too much.
Negative request with 'shinaide kudasai'.
元気に なるように 祈っています。
I am praying for your recovery.
Using 'yō ni' for purpose.
その感染症は重症な肺炎に進行する恐れがある。
There is a fear that the infectious disease will progress to severe pneumonia.
Using 'osore ga aru' to express fear or risk.
彼は深刻な事故に遭い、現在重症な状態で治療を受けている。
He was involved in a serious accident and is currently receiving treatment in a critical condition.
Using 'jōtai de chiryō o ukete iru' for receiving treatment in a state.
新型ウイルスの流行により、重症ケースが増加している。
Due to the outbreak of the new virus, severe cases are increasing.
Using 'zōka shite iru' for increasing.
この治療法は重症の患者にのみ適用される。
This treatment method is applied only to severe patients.
Using 'ni nomi tekiyō sareru' for 'applied only to'.
救急車が到着し、重症の負傷者を搬送した。
The ambulance arrived and transported the seriously injured person.
Using 'fushōsha' for injured person and 'hansō shita' for transported.
彼の容態は一日ごとに悪化し、医師たちは重症だと判断した。
His condition worsened day by day, and the doctors judged it to be severe.
Using 'goto ni akuka shi' for worsening day by day and 'handan shita' for judged.
地域の医療機関では対応できない重症ケースは、大学病院へ移送される。
Severe cases that cannot be handled by local medical institutions are transferred to university hospitals.
Using 'taiō dekinai' for cannot handle and 'isō sareru' for are transferred.
新型コロナウイルスの影響で、重症リスクが高い人は十分に注意してほしい。
Due to the impact of the new coronavirus, we want people at high risk of severe illness to be sufficiently careful.
Using 'takai hito wa jūbun ni chūi shite hoshii' for wanting people at high risk to be careful.
インフルエンザの重症合併症には、急性脳症や肺炎などが含まれる。
Severe complications of influenza include acute encephalitis and pneumonia.
Using 'nado ga fukumareru' for 'include... and so on'.
その患者は複数の臓器に機能不全を来し、重症な状態に陥った。
The patient experienced organ failure in multiple organs and fell into a critical condition.
Using 'kinōfuzen o kita shi' for experienced organ failure and 'ochitta' for fell into.
医療崩壊の危機が叫ばれる中、重症ベッドの不足が深刻な問題となっている。
Amidst calls for a healthcare system collapse crisis, the shortage of intensive care beds is becoming a serious problem.
Using 'sakebareru naka' for amidst calls and 'fuzoku ga shinkoku na mondai to natte iru' for shortage becoming a serious problem.
感染の初期に適切な処置を施さなければ、重症に至る可能性が高まる。
If appropriate treatment is not administered in the early stages of infection, the possibility of developing a severe condition increases.
Using 'shochi o hodokanakereba' for 'if treatment is not administered' and 'itara kanōsei ga takamaru' for possibility increases.
重症アドヒアランス不良の患者に対する介入戦略の有効性が検討されている。
The effectiveness of intervention strategies for patients with poor adherence to severe illness management is being examined.
Using 'furyō no kanja ni tai suru' for 'for patients with poor...', and 'yūkōsei ga kentō sarete iru' for effectiveness is being examined.
数多の地域で医療資源が逼迫する中、重症患者の受け入れ体制が課題となっている。
Amidst the strain on medical resources in numerous regions, the system for admitting severe patients has become a challenge.
Using 'shigen ga hippaku suru naka' for amidst strain on resources, and 'ukeire taisei ga kadai to natte iru' for admission system has become a challenge.
重症コロナ患者の治療には高度な医療技術が不可欠である。
Advanced medical technology is indispensable for the treatment of severe corona patients.
Using 'fukaketsu de aru' for is indispensable.
予後が不良と予測される重症ケースに対しては、緩和医療も重要となる。
For severe cases where the prognosis is predicted to be poor, palliative care also becomes important.
Using 'yogo ga furyō to yosoku sareru' for prognosis is predicted to be poor, and 'kanwa iryō mo jūyō to naru' for palliative care also becomes important.
パンデミック下における医療体制の逼迫は、重症患者の救命に深刻な影響を与えかねない。
The strain on the healthcare system under the pandemic could seriously affect the survival of critically ill patients.
Using 'ataekanai' for 'could potentially affect'.
重症筋無力症(GBS) の患者は、呼吸筋の麻痺により人工呼吸器に依存する状態となることが多い。
Patients with severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) often become dependent on a ventilator due to paralysis of their respiratory muscles.
Using 'izon suru jōtai to naru koto ga ōi' for often become dependent on.
重症敗血症の早期診断と介入は、予後を改善する上で極めて重要である。
Early diagnosis and intervention for severe sepsis are extremely important for improving prognosis.
Using 'ue de kiwamete jūyō de aru' for extremely important for.
重症コロナ患者の集中治療における人工呼吸管理の最適化は課題となっている。
Optimizing mechanical ventilation management for severe corona patients in intensive care remains a challenge.
Using 'saitekika wa kadai to natte iru' for optimization remains a challenge.
小児の重症アレルギー反応に対する迅速な対応は、命を救う上で不可欠である。
Rapid response to severe allergic reactions in children is indispensable for saving lives.
Using 'inochi o sukuu ue de fukaketsu de aru' for indispensable for saving lives.
重症COVID-19患者における血栓症リスクの評価と予防は、臨床実践における重要な課題である。
The assessment and prevention of thrombosis risk in severe COVID-19 patients is a critical issue in clinical practice.
Using 'rinshō jissen ni okeru jūyō na kadai de aru' for a critical issue in clinical practice.
重症度を判定する際には、多くの臨床的指標と検査結果を総合的に勘案する必要がある。
When determining the severity, it is necessary to comprehensively consider multiple clinical indicators and test results.
Using 'sōgōteki ni kan'an suru hitsuyō ga aru' for need to comprehensively consider.
重症患者への集中治療の質は、医療従事者の専門性と経験に大きく依存する。
The quality of intensive care for severe patients greatly depends on the expertise and experience of healthcare professionals.
Using 'ōkiku izon suru' for greatly depends on.
重症化リスクの因子を網羅的に解析し、個別化医療への応用を模索する研究が進められている。
Research is progressing to comprehensively analyze the factors of severe illness risk and explore their application to personalized medicine.
Using 'mōrateki ni kaiseki shi' for comprehensively analyze and 'ōyō o mosaku suru' for explore application.
重症ARDS(急性・呼吸窮迫症候群) の管理においては、低ボリューム換気や腹臥位療法などの標準的治療に加え、新規治療法の導入が検討される。
In the management of severe ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), the introduction of novel therapies is considered in addition to standard treatments such as low-volume ventilation and prone positioning therapy.
Using 'ni kuwae' for in addition to and 'dōnyū ga kentō sareru' for introduction is considered.
重症度判定に用いられる各種スコアリングシステムは、臨床的有用性が高いものの、個別症例への適用には留意が必要である。
Although various scoring systems used for determining severity have high clinical utility, caution is necessary in their application to individual cases.
Using 'yūkōsei ga takai mono no' for although have high utility, and 'ryūi ga hitsuyō de aru' for caution is necessary.
重症患者のリハビリテーションは、早期からの多職種連携による集学的アプローチが不可欠である。
For the rehabilitation of critically ill patients, a multidisciplinary approach involving early collaboration among multiple professions is indispensable.
Using 'tashokushu renkei ni yoru shūgaku-teki apurōchi ga fukaketsu de aru' for indispensable multidisciplinary approach involving early collaboration.
重症感染症におけるサイトカイン放出症候群(CRS) の病態生理の解明は、新規治療法の開発に繋がる。
Elucidating the pathophysiology of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) in severe infectious diseases leads to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Using 'byōtaisei ri no kaimei wa kaihatsu ni tsunagaru' for elucidating pathophysiology leads to development.
重症度評価のためのバイオマーカーの探索は、予後予測および治療方針の決定に貢献する。
The search for biomarkers for severity assessment contributes to prognosis prediction and treatment decision-making.
Using 'kōken suru' for contributes to.
重症患者の精神的健康への配慮は、包括的な回復プロセスに不可欠である。
Consideration for the mental health of critically ill patients is indispensable for a comprehensive recovery process.
Using 'hōkatsuteki na kaifuku purosesu ni fukaketsu de aru' for indispensable for a comprehensive recovery process.
重症度指標の客観性と再現性の向上は、臨床研究における課題である。
Improving the objectivity and reproducibility of severity indicators is a challenge in clinical research.
Using 'kyakkansē to saigensei no kōjō wa kadai de aru' for improving objectivity and reproducibility is a challenge.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— The condition is serious/critical.
医者は家族に「患者さんの状態(じょうたい)は重症(じゅうしょう)な状態(じょうたい)です」と伝(つた)えた。 (Isha wa kazoku ni "Kanja-san no jōtai wa jūshō na jōtai desu" to tsutaeta.) The doctor told the family, "The patient's condition is critical."
— To sustain serious injuries.
交通事故(こうつうじこ)で重症(じゅうしょう)な怪我(けが)を負(お)った人(ひと)が救急車(きゅうきゅうしゃ)で搬送(はんそう)された。 (Kōtsū jiko de jūshō na kega o otta hito ga kyūkyūsha de hansō sareta.) A person who sustained serious injuries in a traffic accident was transported by ambulance.
— Risk of becoming severe.
高齢者(こうれいしゃ)は重症化(じゅうしょうか)のリスク(りすく)が高(たか)い。 (Kōreisha wa jūshōka no risuku ga takai.) Elderly people have a high risk of developing severe illness.
— Management/handling of severe patients.
重症(じゅうしょう) 患者(かんじゃ)の対応(たいおう)には専門的(せんもんてき)な知識(ちしき)が必要(ひつよう)だ。 (Jūshō kanja no taiō ni wa senmonteki na chishiki ga hitsuyō da.) Expert knowledge is necessary for the management of critically ill patients.
— Severity is high.
この病気(びょうき)は重症度(じゅうしょうど)が高(たか)い。 (Kono byōki wa jūshōdo ga takai.) This illness is highly severe.
— A severe case.
新型(しんがた)コロナウイルスの重症(じゅうしょう)なケース(けーす)が報告(ほうこく)されている。 (Shingata koronauirusu no jūshō na kēsu ga hōkoku sarete iru.) Severe cases of the new coronavirus are being reported.
— To prevent severe illness.
ワクチン接種(わくちんせっしゅ)は重症化(じゅうしょうか)を防(ふせ)ぐのに有効(ゆうこう)だ。 (Wakuchin sesshu wa jūshōka o fusegu no ni yūkō da.) Vaccination is effective in preventing severe illness.
— Severe respiratory failure.
重症(じゅうしょう)な呼吸不全(こきゅうふぜん)の状態(じょうたい)で入院(にゅういん)した。 (Jūshō na kokyū fuzen no jōtai de nyūin shita.) Was admitted with severe respiratory failure.
— Severe infectious disease.
重症(じゅうしょう)な感染症(かんせんしょう)の流行(りゅうこう)が懸念(けねん)される。 (Jūshō na kansenshō no ryūkō ga kenen sareru.) The outbreak of severe infectious diseases is a concern.
— Management of severe patients.
重症(じゅうしょう) 患者(かんじゃ)の管理(かんり)は集中治療室(しゅうちゅうちりょうしつ)で行われる。 (Jūshō kanja no kanri wa shūchū chiryō shitsu de okonawareru.) Management of critically ill patients takes place in the intensive care unit.
يُخلط عادةً مع
Both mean 'serious,' but 重症な is specific to medical conditions, while 深刻な is used for general problems, situations, or impacts.
重い means 'heavy' and can also mean 'serious' generally, but 重症な is the precise term for a severe medical condition.
ひどい means 'terrible' or 'awful' and can describe severe pain or bad situations, but it lacks the specific medical gravity of 重症な.
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— To be a matter of extreme urgency; every second counts. This idiom is often used in situations where a patient's condition is critical, implying the need for immediate action, which is characteristic of severe cases.
患者は重症(じゅうしょう)で、一刻(いっこく)を争(あらそ)う状況(じょうきょう)だった。 (Kanja wa jūshō de, ikkoku o arasou jōkyō datta.) The patient was in a critical condition, a situation where every second counted.
— Literally 'a lamp before the wind,' this idiom describes a precarious or fragile situation, often implying that someone's life is in danger. It's used for conditions that are extremely critical, similar to 重症な when referring to a patient's life.
彼の命(いのち)は風前(ふうぜん)の灯火(ともしび)のようだ。重症(じゅうしょう)なのだ。 (Kare no inochi wa fūzen no tomoshibi no yō da. Jūshō na no da.) His life is like a lamp in the wind. It's severe.
— The border between life and death; a critical state. This idiom is directly applicable to patients in 重症な condition who are fighting for their lives.
重症(じゅうしょう)で生死(しょうし)の境(さかい)をさまよっている。 (Jūshō de shōshi no sakai o samayotte iru.) Is wandering on the brink of life and death due to severe illness.
— Covered in wounds from head to toe; severely injured. While not exclusively medical, it can describe the state of someone who has sustained severe injuries, often associated with accidents leading to 重症な conditions.
事故(じこ)で満身(まんしん) 創痍(そうい)となり、重症(じゅうしょう)となった。 (Jiko de manshin sōi to nari, jūshō to natta.) Became covered in wounds from the accident and fell into a serious condition.
— On the verge of exploding; highly tense or critical. While this idiom is about tension and potential conflict, the idea of a critical, volatile state can be metaphorically linked to a patient's 重症な condition.
患者の容態(ようだい)は一触即発(いっしょくそくはつ)の状態(じょうたい)だった。 (Kanja no yōdai wa isshoku sokuhatsu no jōtai datta.) The patient's condition was critical (tense/volatile).
— A narrow escape; a close call. This idiom describes a situation where disaster was narrowly avoided, often implying a previous state of extreme danger or criticality, which aligns with the concept of 重症な conditions.
重症(じゅうしょう)だったが、危機(きき) 一髪(いっぱい)で助(たす)かった。 (Jūshō datta ga, kikiippatsu de tasukatta.) It was severe, but it was a close call and they were saved.
— To exhaust all remedies; to be at one's wit's end. This phrase implies a situation where all possible solutions have been tried, often in dire circumstances, which can be the case when dealing with 重症な medical conditions.
重症(じゅうしょう) 患者(かんじゃ)に対(たい)して万策(ばんさく)が尽(つ)きた。 (Jūshō kanja ni taishite bansaku ga tsukita.) All measures were exhausted for the severe patient.
— Barely breathing; gasping for breath. This describes a physical state of extreme weakness or distress, often associated with critical illness or severe injury.
重症(じゅうしょう)で息(いき)も絶(た)え絶(え)えだった。 (Jūshō de iki mo taezare datta.) Was barely breathing due to the severe condition.
— Life is in danger. This phrase directly conveys the critical nature of a situation, often associated with 重症な medical conditions.
重症(じゅうしょう)で命(いのち)が危(あや)うい。 (Jūshō de inochi ga ayaui.) Life is in danger due to the severe illness.
سهل الخلط
Both words convey a sense of seriousness.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is exclusively used for medical conditions (illnesses, injuries) that are severe or critical. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> is broader and applies to problems, situations, impacts, or issues that are grave and require serious consideration, but not necessarily medical.
The <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> illness required immediate hospitalization. (The <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> problem of air pollution affects everyone's health.)
It can mean 'serious' in a general sense.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark> literally means 'heavy' (e.g., <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark>荷物 - heavy luggage). As an adjective for abstract concepts, it can mean 'serious' (e.g., <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark>話 - a serious talk). However, for medical conditions, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is the specific and correct term.
He has a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>serious</mark> illness. (Correct: 彼は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>病気です。) vs. That was a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>serious</mark> talk. (Correct: それは<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark>話でした。)
It can describe severity.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ひどい</mark> means 'terrible,' 'awful,' or 'severe,' often used for pain, weather, or general bad experiences (e.g., <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ひどい</mark>頭痛 - terrible headache, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ひどい</mark>雨 - terrible rain). While a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ひどい</mark> headache is bad, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> implies a medically critical state that might be life-threatening, not just intensely painful.
I have a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>terrible</mark> headache. (Correct: <ruby>ひどい</mark>頭痛がします。) vs. He has a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>severe</mark> illness. (Correct: 彼は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>病気です。)
Both relate to critical medical states.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>危篤</mark> is a noun specifically meaning 'critical condition' or 'moribund,' implying a patient is on the verge of death. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is an adjective meaning 'severe' or 'serious,' which describes a grave condition but doesn't necessarily mean imminent death.
The patient is in a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>critical</mark> condition (near death). (Correct: 患者は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>危篤</mark>状態です。) vs. He has a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>severe</mark> illness. (Correct: 彼は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>病気です。)
It's the direct antonym and uses similar kanji.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>軽症な</mark> means 'mild' or 'minor' illness/injury, the direct opposite of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>. While <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> describes a grave condition, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>軽症な</mark> describes one that is not serious and requires less urgent care.
This is a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>mild</mark> cold. (Correct: これは<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>軽症な</mark>風邪です。) vs. This is a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>severe</mark> illness. (Correct: これは<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>病気です。)
أنماط الجُمل
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + Noun
彼は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>怪我を負った。 (Kare wa <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jūshō na</mark> kega o otta.) He sustained serious injuries.
Noun + は/が + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + です/だ
その<ruby>患者<rp>(</rp><rt>かんじゃ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>の<ruby>状態<rp>(</rp><rt>じょうたい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>は<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>です。 (Sono <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>kanja</mark> no <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jōtai</mark> wa <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jūshō na</mark> desu.) The patient's condition is serious.
Noun + が + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症化する</mark>
<ruby>軽症<rp>(</rp><rt>けいしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>だったのに<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症化<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょうか</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>した。 (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>Keishō</mark> datta noni <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jūshōka</mark> shita.) Although it was mild, it became severe.
Noun + において + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + Noun
<ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>感染症<rp>(</rp><rt>かんせんしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>における<ruby>対応<rp>(</rp><rt>たいおう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。(jūshō na kansenshō ni okeru taiō) Response in severe infectious diseases.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + Noun + の + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>リスク</mark>
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> <ruby>患者<rp>(</rp><rt>かんじゃ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>の<ruby>リスク<rp>(</rp><rt>りすく</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。(jūshō na kanja no risuku) Risk for severe patients.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + Noun + の + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>管理</mark>
<ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>患者<rp>(</rp><rt>かんじゃ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>の<ruby>管理<rp>(</rp><rt>かんり</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>重要<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうよう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>だ。(jūshō na kanja no kanri ga jūyō da) Management of severe patients is important.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症化</mark>の<ruby>可能性<rp>(</rp><rt>かのうせい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>を<ruby>考慮<rp>(</rp><rt>こうりょ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>する
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症化<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょうか</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>の<ruby>可能性<rp>(</rp><rt>かのうせい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>を<ruby>考慮<rp>(</rp><rt>こうりょ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>して<ruby>治療<rp>(</rp><rt>ちりょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>を<ruby>行<rp>(</rp><rt>おこな</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>う。(jūshōka no kanōsei o kōryo shite chiryō o okonau) Conduct treatment considering the possibility of severe illness.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> + Noun + における + Noun + の + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>解析</mark>
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>患者<rp>(</rp><rt>かんじゃ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>における<ruby>病態生理<rp>(</rp><rt>びょうたいせいり</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>の<ruby>解析<rp>(</rp><rt>かいせき</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。(jūshō na kanja ni okeru byōtaisei no kaiseki) Analysis of pathophysiology in severe patients.
عائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
الصفات
مرتبط
كيفية الاستخدام
Common, especially in medical and news contexts.
-
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> for minor ailments or non-medical issues.
→
Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>軽症な</mark> (keishō na) for mild conditions, or other adjectives like <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> (shinkoku na) for general serious problems.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> specifically refers to a grave medical state. Using it for minor issues dilutes its meaning and can sound alarmist.
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Forgetting the 'na' particle when <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症</mark> modifies a noun.
→
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>怪我 (jūshō na kega - serious injury).
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is a 'na'-adjective. When it directly precedes a noun, the particle 'な' must be used.
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Confusing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark> (omoi) for medical conditions.
→
Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> for severe medical conditions. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark> is used for physical weight or general seriousness.
While <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重い</mark> can mean 'serious,' <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is the specific medical term for severity.
-
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> when <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> (shinkoku na) is more appropriate.
→
Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> for serious problems or situations. Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> for severe medical conditions.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> is specific to medical severity. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>深刻な</mark> is for broader, non-medical serious issues.
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Mispronouncing the long vowels in 'jūshō'.
→
Pronounce 'jū' and 'shō' with elongated vowel sounds (jū-shō na).
Incorrect vowel length can alter the word's clarity and sound unnatural to native speakers.
نصائح
The 'Na' Particle
Remember that 重症な is a 'na'-adjective. This means you need to add 'な' (na) between 重症 and the noun it modifies. For example: 重症な患者 (jūshō na kanja), not 重症患者 (unless it's a fixed compound).
Antonym Recognition
Understanding the antonym 軽症な (keishō na - mild) helps solidify the meaning of 重症な. Knowing both terms allows for precise descriptions of medical conditions.
Vowel Length
Pay attention to the long vowels in 'jū' and 'shō' (じゅうしょう). Incorrect pronunciation can change the word or make it harder to understand. Practice saying 'jū-shō na' with clear, elongated vowels.
Connect to 'Heavy'
Link the kanji '重' (jū - heavy) to the feeling of 'heaviness' associated with a serious illness. Imagine the patient carrying a heavy burden of sickness, making the condition 'heavy' and thus severe.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 重症な in different contexts – describing an accident victim, a patient in the hospital, or a news report. This active practice is crucial for retention.
Cultural Sensitivity
When discussing someone's health, use 重症な respectfully. It conveys a grave situation and should be used with empathy, especially when speaking to or about patients and their families.
Distinguish from General Seriousness
Understand that 重症な is medical. For non-medical serious issues (like a 'serious problem'), use 深刻な (shinkoku na) or 重い (omoi).
Related Verbs
Learn the related verb 重症化する (jūshōka suru - to become severe). This verb is very useful for discussing the progression of illnesses.
Practice with Examples
Listen to native speakers use 重症な in context (e.g., news clips, medical dramas) and try to mimic their pronunciation, paying attention to intonation and vowel length.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a doctor looking very worried, holding a very heavy (重い - omoi) chart about a patient's serious (重症な - jūshō na) symptoms (症 - shō). The 'heavy chart' and 'serious symptoms' help connect the meaning.
ربط بصري
Picture a scale heavily tipped towards the 'danger' side, with a red cross symbol representing a medical emergency. The 'heavy' side of the scale signifies '重' (jū) and the red cross signifies '症' (shō) - a serious medical condition.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to describe a fictional severe injury or illness using 重症な. For example, imagine a character in a story who has 重症な burns after an accident. Write a short paragraph about their situation.
أصل الكلمة
The word 重症な (jūshō na) is derived from Chinese characters. It is a compound word formed from '重' (jū) meaning 'heavy,' 'important,' or 'serious,' and '症' (shō) meaning 'symptom' or 'disease.'
المعنى الأصلي: Literally, 'heavy symptom' or 'serious disease.' The 'heavy' aspect implies a significant burden or intensity of the symptom or illness.
Sino-Japanese (derived from Chinese)السياق الثقافي
The term 重症な should be used with care and sensitivity, especially when speaking to patients or their families. It directly conveys a grave situation and should not be used lightly or for minor ailments. In medical contexts, it is a factual descriptor, but in everyday conversation, it implies a significant level of distress and concern.
In English-speaking cultures, the terms 'critical,' 'severe,' 'grave,' or 'life-threatening' are used similarly to convey the seriousness of a medical condition. The emphasis is on the immediate danger and the need for urgent medical intervention.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
Hospital visit or medical consultation
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>病気<rp>(</rp><rt>びょうき</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ですか？ (Is it a serious illness?)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>状態<rp>(</rp><rt>じょうたい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>です。(It's a serious condition.)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>怪我<rp>(</rp><rt>けが</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>は<ruby>ありません<rp>(</rp><rt>ありません</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。(There are no serious injuries.)
News report about an accident or disaster
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>負傷者<rp>(</rp><rt>ふしょうしゃ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>出<rp>(</rp><rt>で</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>た。(There were serious casualties.)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>影響<rp>(</rp><rt>えいきょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>懸念<rp>(</rp><rt>けねん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>される。(Severe impact is feared.)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ケースが<ruby>報告<rp>(</rp><rt>ほうこく</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>された。(Severe cases have been reported.)
Discussing a friend or family member's health
- あの<ruby>人<rp>(</rp><rt>ひと</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>、<ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>らしいよ。(I heard that person is seriously ill.)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>状態<rp>(</rp><rt>じょうたい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>続<rp>(</rp><rt>つづ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>いている。(The serious condition is continuing.)
- <ruby>重症化<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょうか</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>しないように<ruby>気<rp>(</rp><rt>き</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>をつけてね。(Be careful not to develop a severe illness.)
Public health announcements or warnings
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>な<ruby>症状<rp>(</rp><rt>しょうじょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>出<rp>(</rp><rt>で</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>たら、<ruby>受診<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅしん</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>してください。(If severe symptoms appear, please seek medical attention.)
- <ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>リスクが<ruby>高<rp>(</rp><rt>たか</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>い<ruby>人<rp>(</rp><rt>ひと</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>は<ruby>注意<rp>(</rp><rt>ちゅうい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。(People at high risk of severe illness should be cautious.)
- <ruby>重症化<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょうか</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>を<ruby>防<rp>(</rp><rt>ふせ</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ぎましょう。(Let's prevent severe illness.)
Describing a difficult situation (metaphorical)
- この<ruby>問題<rp>(</rp><rt>もんだい</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>は<ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>だ。(This problem is serious.)
- <ruby>状況<rp>(</rp><rt>じょうきょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>が<ruby>重症<rp>(</rp><rt>じゅうしょう</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>になってきた。(The situation has become serious.)
بدايات محادثة
"Have you ever heard of someone having a 重症な illness?"
"What do you think is the difference between 重症な and just 'bad'?"
"In news reports, when do they usually use the word 重症な?"
"If someone has a 重症な condition, what kind of support do you think is most important?"
"How can we help prevent 重症な cases of common illnesses?"
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
Describe a time you or someone you know experienced a serious illness or injury. Use the word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> if appropriate.
Imagine you are a doctor explaining a patient's <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> condition to their family. Write down what you would say.
Reflect on the importance of early detection and treatment in preventing illnesses from becoming <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark>.
Write a short fictional story where a character overcomes a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> challenge, be it medical or metaphorical.
How does the word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> make you feel? What emotions or thoughts does it evoke?
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلةWhile most commonly used for illnesses, 重症な can also describe severe injuries resulting from accidents or trauma. The key is that it refers to a critical or grave physical condition that requires significant medical attention.
No, 重症な is specifically for physical, medical conditions. For serious emotional or psychological problems, words like 深刻な (shinkoku na - serious) or 精神的な (seishinteki na - psychological) would be more appropriate.
重篤な (jūtoku na) is a more formal and technical synonym for 重症な. You'll find 重篤な more often in academic medical literature or very formal reports. For general use, 重症な is perfectly adequate and widely understood.
The verb 重症化する (jūshōka suru) means 'to become severe.' It's used when a condition that was initially mild or moderate worsens and becomes serious. For example, a mild cold might 重症化する into pneumonia.
For a patient who is on the verge of death, the noun 危篤 (kitoku) is used, as in 危篤状態 (kitoku jōtai - critical condition). The adjective 重症な (jūshō na) means 'severe' or 'serious,' which is a grave condition but not necessarily immediately life-threatening.
Yes, it can be used in everyday conversation, but typically only when discussing genuinely serious health matters. For minor inconveniences, other adjectives are preferred. Using it for something trivial would sound alarmist or inappropriate.
You'll most commonly hear 重症な in hospitals, during news reports about accidents or health crises, and in public health announcements. It's a word associated with seriousness and urgency.
The direct opposite is 軽症な (keishō na), meaning 'mild' or 'minor.' Other antonymous concepts include 'healthy' (健康な - kenkō na) or 'asymptomatic' (無症状 - mushojō).
As a 'na'-adjective, 重症な changes slightly depending on its grammatical function. It becomes 重症な when modifying a noun, and 重症な (or 重症 in some predicative uses) followed by です/だ when used predicatively.
For B1 learners, understanding 重症な is achievable. The main challenge is using it correctly in context, distinguishing it from general 'seriousness' and remembering the 'na' particle when modifying nouns. Consistent practice will help.
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Summary
The adjective <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>重症な</mark> (jūshō na) is exclusively used to describe medical conditions that are severe, critical, and potentially life-threatening, demanding immediate and significant medical intervention. It is crucial for conveying the gravity of illnesses and injuries in contexts such as hospitals, emergency services, and news reports.
- A 'na'-adjective signifying a serious or critical medical condition.
- Used for severe illnesses or injuries requiring urgent medical attention.
- Common in medical reports, news, and discussions about emergencies.
- Implies a grave state, potentially life-threatening.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when you encounter or use 重症な. It's primarily for medical severity. If the situation isn't a critical illness or injury, opt for other adjectives like 深刻な or ひどい.
The 'Na' Particle
Remember that 重症な is a 'na'-adjective. This means you need to add 'な' (na) between 重症 and the noun it modifies. For example: 重症な患者 (jūshō na kanja), not 重症患者 (unless it's a fixed compound).
Antonym Recognition
Understanding the antonym 軽症な (keishō na - mild) helps solidify the meaning of 重症な. Knowing both terms allows for precise descriptions of medical conditions.
Vowel Length
Pay attention to the long vowels in 'jū' and 'shō' (じゅうしょう). Incorrect pronunciation can change the word or make it harder to understand. Practice saying 'jū-shō na' with clear, elongated vowels.
محتوى ذو صلة
هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى
مزيد من كلمات health
しばらく
B1لفترة من الوقت، لبعض الوقت.
異変がある
B1يوجد تغيير غير عادي أو شذوذ. هناك خطأ ما. (هناك حالة غير طبيعية.)
異常な
B1غير طبيعي؛ شاذ. يصف شيئًا ينحرف عن القاعدة بطريقة تثير القلق.
擦り傷
B1خدش أو سحجة بسيطة على الجلد. يحدث عادةً نتيجة الاحتكاك بسطح خشن عند السقوط.
吸収する
B1الإسفنج يمتص الماء بشكل جيد.
禁酒
B1الامتناع عن الكحول. 'أمر الطبيب بالامتناع عن الكحول (kinshu) من أجل الكبد.'
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1الوخز بالإبر والكي هما علاجان تقليديان في الطب الياباني.
急性的
B1تعني 'حاد'. تُستخدم لوصف مرض أو أزمة تظهر فجأة وبشكل مكثف.
急性な
B1Acute
