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B1 verb #1,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 7 دقيقة للقراءة

戻す

modosu الأكثر شيوعاً #1,500

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 戻す في 30 ثانية

الشرح 戻す in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'modosu' as a simple action: putting things back. Think of it as the 'clean up' word. When you play with toys or use a pen, you 'modosu' them to the box or the desk. It is a transitive verb, so you always use 'o' with the object. Focus on the phrase 'moto ni modosu' (put it back to the original place). This is very helpful for basic classroom or home instructions. You might hear a teacher say 'Hon o modoshite kudasai' (Please put the books back). Don't worry about the abstract meanings yet; just focus on physical objects and the basic 'te-form' for requests.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can start using 'modosu' for more than just physical objects. You might use it for simple settings, like 'returning the volume to 0' or 'putting the clock back.' You should also learn the difference between 'modosu' (to put back) and 'kaesu' (to return to a person). A2 learners should be comfortable with the polite form 'modoshimasu' and the past tense 'modoshita.' You will also encounter it in the context of 'mizu de modosu' (rehydrating food), which is common in basic cooking recipes. Try to use it when you are talking about your daily routine and tidying up your room.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you should master the transitivity of 'modosu' versus 'modoru.' You should be able to explain complex actions, such as 'returning a conversation to the main topic' (hanashi o hondai ni modosu). You will also see 'modosu' used in professional contexts, like reverting a file to a previous version. This level requires understanding the nuance of 'modosu' as a euphemism for vomiting, especially in polite company. You should also be familiar with compound verbs like 'maki-modosu' (to rewind) and 'yobi-modosu' (to call back). Your usage should move from simple physical actions to managing states and flows of information.

At the B2 level, 'modosu' appears in more abstract and formal contexts. You might read about 'returning a plan to a blank slate' (hakushi ni modosu) in a business news article or 'restoring the economy' in a political discussion. You should understand how 'modosu' functions in the passive voice or in causative constructions. For example, 'shokuyoku o modosu' (to bring back one's appetite). You should also be able to distinguish 'modosu' from more formal Sino-Japanese (Kango) synonyms like 'fukkyu' or 'fukugen' and know when to use which based on the register of the conversation. Your understanding of the word should include its role in idiomatic expressions.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'modosu' with high precision in nuanced situations. This includes using it in literary contexts or high-level business negotiations. You might use it to describe restoring a social balance or reverting a legal decision. You should be sensitive to the stylistic choice of using 'modosu' over its Kango counterparts to sound more 'Yamato-kotoba' (native Japanese) or grounded. You will also encounter 'modosu' in complex grammatical structures, such as 'modosu ni modosenai' (unable to return even if one wanted to), expressing a point of no return. Your mastery should allow you to use the word to convey subtle emotional or situational shifts.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, 'modosu' is a tool for sophisticated expression. You understand its historical etymology and how its usage has evolved. You can use it in philosophical discussions about 'returning to nature' or 'reverting the soul.' You are fully aware of its most obscure meanings and can identify it in classical literature where the kanji or usage might slightly differ. At this level, you can play with the word's multiple meanings—physical, abstract, and euphemistic—to create puns or double entendres in creative writing. You also understand the regional variations or archaic forms that might appear in specific dialects or older texts.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

戻す في 30 ثانية

Modosu means to put something back in its original place or state.
It is a transitive verb, meaning you (the subject) do it to an object.
It can also mean to rehydrate food or act as a polite word for vomiting.
Commonly used in phrases like 'moto ni modosu' (restore to original).

The Japanese verb 戻す (modosu) is a versatile transitive verb that primarily means 'to return something to its original place, state, or condition.' Unlike its intransitive counterpart 戻る (modoru), which describes a subject returning on its own, modosu requires an agent to perform the action on an object. This distinction is crucial for B1 learners to master. At its core, the word encapsulates the idea of reversal—taking something that has been moved or changed and putting it back the way it was before. This can apply to physical objects, such as putting a book back on a shelf, or abstract concepts, like restoring a computer setting or turning back the hands of a clock.

Physical Placement: The most common usage involves returning an item to its designated spot. If you take a milk carton out of the fridge, you must modosu it when finished.

使ったものは元の場所に戻してください。(Please put things you used back in their original places.)

Beyond physical objects, modosu is frequently used in the context of time and state. When daylight savings ends, you 'return' the clock by one hour. In a digital context, the 'Undo' function is often conceptualized as moto ni modosu (returning to the original). Interestingly, the word also has a polite euphemistic meaning: to vomit. While 'haku' is the direct word for vomiting, modosu is often used in medical or formal contexts to describe the act of 'returning' food from the stomach. This nuance is important to recognize to avoid confusion in health-related conversations.

State Restoration: Used when reverting settings, temperatures, or plans to a previous status. For example, 'returning the volume to its original level.'

計画を白紙に戻すことにした。(We decided to return the plan to a blank slate/start over.)

Using 戻す (modosu) correctly requires understanding its grammatical framework as a Godan verb (Group 1). The basic pattern is [Subject] が [Object] を [Location/State] に戻す. The particle 'ni' is used to indicate the destination or the target state. For instance, if you are putting a chair back into a room, the room is marked with 'ni'. If you are restoring a file to a folder, the folder is marked with 'ni'.

Conjugation Basics: Dictionary: 戻す (modosu)
Polite: 戻します (modoshimasu)
Te-form: 戻して (modoshite)
Negative: 戻さない (modosanai)

時計の針を５分戻しました。(I turned the clock hands back five minutes.)

In social contexts, modosu is often paired with the auxiliary verb oku (to do something in advance) to form modoshite oku. This is a very common phrase meaning 'to put something back so it's ready for next time.' In a Japanese household or office, this is considered basic etiquette. Failing to modosu items can be seen as a lack of consideration for others. Furthermore, when talking about returning a conversation to a previous topic, you would say 'hanashi o modosu'. This is a useful transition phrase in meetings or debates.

Common Combinations: 1. 元に戻す (moto ni modosu) - To restore to the original.
2. 戻し入れる (modoshi-ireru) - To put back inside.
3. 呼び戻す (yobi-modosu) - To call someone back.

話を本題に戻しましょう。(Let's return the conversation to the main topic.)

You will encounter 戻す (modosu) in a wide variety of daily environments. In a professional setting, it is used during project management and data handling. If a mistake is made in a shared document, a colleague might ask you to 'return it to the previous version' (mae no baajon ni modosu). In retail or libraries, staff will use it when restocking shelves. If you try on clothes in a shop and decide not to buy them, the clerk might say 'sono mama de ii desu, watashi ga modoshimasu' (It's fine as is, I will put them back).

In the Kitchen: A specific culinary use of modosu refers to rehydrating dried ingredients. For example, soaking dried shiitake mushrooms or wakame seaweed in water to 'return' them to their soft state is called 'mizu de modosu'.

乾燥わかめを水で戻す。(Rehydrate dried wakame in water.)

In technology, the 'Undo' button in software interfaces is often translated or described as 'moto ni modosu' or simply 'modosu'. If you are watching a video and want to rewind, you might use the term 'maki-modosu' (to wind back). In sports, if a player is sent back to a lower division or a previous position, modosu is the verb of choice. Even in weather reports, you might hear about temperatures 'returning' to seasonal norms (heinen-nami ni modosu). It is a word that bridges the gap between physical labor and abstract logical operations.

Media & Entertainment: In time-travel movies or anime, characters often shout about 'returning time' (toki o modosu). This has even become a famous catchphrase for certain Japanese comedians.

時間を戻せたらいいのに。(I wish I could turn back time.)

The most frequent error for learners is confusing 戻す (modosu) with 戻る (modoru). Remember that modosu is transitive (needs an object) and modoru is intransitive (the subject does the returning). You cannot say 'Watashi wa uchi ni modoshimasu' to mean 'I will go back home'; that would imply you are physically picking yourself up and putting yourself back. Instead, use 'modoru'. Conversely, you cannot say 'Hon ga tana ni modoru' if you are the one putting it there; you must say 'Hon o tana ni modosu'.

Modosu vs. Kaesu: Another common point of confusion is kaesu (返す). While both mean 'to return,' kaesu is specifically for returning something to its owner (like a borrowed pen). Modosu is for returning something to its original location or state. If you return a book to the library, you can use either, but kaesu emphasizes the act of returning the debt/item, while modosu emphasizes putting it back on the shelf.

❌ 友達に本を戻した。
✅ 友達に本を返した。(Returned the book to a friend.)

Another nuance is the use of modosu as a euphemism for vomiting. If you are in a restaurant and say 'Chotto modoshite kimasu' (I'll go return [something] for a bit), people will understand you are going to be sick. If you actually meant you were going to put a borrowed item back in your car, you should be more specific to avoid a gross misunderstanding! Lastly, ensure you don't confuse modosu with naosu (to fix). While restoring something to its original state can be a form of 'fixing,' naosu implies repair, whereas modosu only implies relocation or state-reversion.

Transitivity Check: Object + を + 戻す (Active)
Subject + が + 戻る (Passive/Automatic)

To truly understand 戻す (modosu), it helps to compare it with synonyms and related terms. The Japanese language has several ways to express 'returning' or 'restoring,' each with a specific flavor. Understanding these differences will elevate your Japanese from 'functional' to 'natural.'

返す (Kaesu) vs. 戻す (Modosu): Kaesu: Focuses on ownership. You give something back to the person who owns it.
Modosu: Focuses on location or state. You put something back where it belongs or how it was.

借りたお金を返す。(Return borrowed money.) vs. 設定を元に戻す。(Return settings to original.)

Another similar word is 復旧する (fukkyu-suru), which means 'to restore' or 'to recover,' usually in the context of infrastructure or systems (like a power grid or a crashed server). While modosu is a general verb, fukkyu is more formal and technical. There is also 復元する (fukugen-suru), which is used for restoring historical artifacts or deleted computer files to their original form. Modosu is the everyday word you'd use for simple actions, while these others are specialized.

Summary of Alternatives: 1. 返却する (Henkyaku-suru) - Formal 'to return' (library books, rental cars).
2. 払い戻す (Haraimodosu) - To refund (return money paid).
3. 送り返す (Okurikaesu) - To send back.

How Formal Is It?

مستوى الصعوبة

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Transitive vs Intransitive pairs

~te oku (doing something in advance)

~te shimau (completing an action/regret)

~ni (destination particle)

~o (object particle)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

本を棚に戻します。

I will put the book back on the shelf.

Transitive verb 'modosu' with object 'hon'.

ペンを戻してください。

Please put the pen back.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

おもちゃを箱に戻す。

Put the toys back in the box.

Dictionary form used as an informal command or statement.

コップをキッチンに戻した。

I put the cup back in the kitchen.

Past tense 'modoshita'.

靴をここに戻してね。

Put your shoes back here, okay?

Te-form + particle 'ne' for a soft request.

椅子を戻しましょう。

Let's put the chairs back.

Volitional form 'mashou' (let's).

カバンを戻さないで。

Don't put the bag back.

Negative te-form 'naide' for a negative request.

これを元に戻す。

I will put this back to the original place.

Common phrase 'moto ni modosu'.

テレビの音量を戻した。

I returned the TV volume (to what it was).

Using 'modosu' for abstract settings like volume.

時計を１時間戻します。

I will turn the clock back one hour.

Time-related usage.

わかめを水で戻してください。

Please rehydrate the wakame in water.

Specific culinary term for rehydrating.

使ったらすぐ戻してね。

Put it back as soon as you use it, okay?

Conditional 'tara' + 'modoshite'.

資料をファイルに戻しました。

I put the documents back in the file.

Professional context.

温度を２５度に戻す。

Return the temperature to 25 degrees.

Restoring a numerical state.

借りた本を元の場所に戻す。

Put the borrowed book back in its original place.

Focus on location, not ownership.

予定を白紙に戻した。

We returned the schedule to a blank slate.

Idiomatic use for resetting plans.

話を昨日の話題に戻しましょう。

Let's return the conversation to yesterday's topic.

Abstract usage for conversation flow.

パソコンの設定を元に戻した。

I restored the computer settings to original.

IT/Technical context.

彼は気分が悪くて戻してしまった。

He felt sick and threw up.

Euphemism for vomiting.

期限を元に戻すことはできません。

It is not possible to return the deadline to what it was.

Formal negative potential.

ビデオを少し巻き戻してください。

Please rewind the video a little.

Compound verb 'maki-modosu'.

彼は私を現実に戻してくれた。

He brought me back to reality.

Metaphorical usage.

一度決めたことを戻すのは難しい。

It's hard to take back something once decided.

Nominalizing the verb with 'koto'.

カメラのピントを戻す。

Return the camera focus.

Technical adjustment.

政府は政策を以前の状態に戻した。

The government returned the policy to its previous state.

Formal political context.

失った信頼を戻すのは時間がかかる。

It takes time to restore lost trust.

Abstract noun 'trust' as object.

彼は無理やり話を本題に戻した。

He forcibly returned the talk to the main subject.

Adverb 'muriyari' adding nuance.

この薬は食欲を戻す効果がある。

This medicine has the effect of restoring appetite.

Medical/Biological context.

データを昨日の時点まで戻した。

I rolled back the data to yesterday's point.

IT 'rollback' concept.

彼は故郷に呼び戻された。

He was called back to his hometown.

Passive compound verb 'yobi-modosareta'.

関係を元に戻したいと思っている。

I want to return our relationship to how it was.

Expressing desire with 'tai'.

時計の針を戻すことは誰にもできない。

No one can turn back the hands of time.

Philosophical statement.

その決断は、彼を再び窮地に引き戻した。

That decision dragged him back into a predicament again.

Compound verb 'hiki-modosu' (drag back).

景気を以前の水準に戻すための策を講じる。

Take measures to return the economy to its previous level.

High-level formal vocabulary 'saku o koujiru'.

彼は吐き気を催し、食べたものをすべて戻した。

He felt nauseous and vomited everything he ate.

Formal description of vomiting.

伝統的な手法に立ち戻るべきだ。

We should return to traditional methods.

Compound 'tachi-modoru' (intransitive but related concept).

記憶を呼び戻すために、古い写真を見た。

I looked at old photos to bring back memories.

Abstract object 'memory'.

交渉を振り出しに戻すことに合意した。

They agreed to return the negotiations to square one.

Idiom 'furidashi ni modosu'.

自然の生態系を元の姿に戻す活動。

Activities to restore the natural ecosystem to its original form.

Environmental context.

彼は過去の栄光を戻そうと必死だった。

He was desperate to bring back his past glory.

Abstract/Emotional context.

覆水盆に返らず、一度失った機会は戻せない。

Spilled water doesn't return to the tray; a lost opportunity cannot be restored.

Proverb usage with potential negative.

その一言が、静まり返った場を混沌へと戻した。

That one word returned the silent room to chaos.

Literary/Dramatic usage.

歴史の歯車を戻すことは不可能だ。

It is impossible to turn back the gears of history.

Metaphorical/Philosophical.

彼は自らの魂を浄土へと戻すべく祈った。

He prayed to return his soul to the Pure Land.

Religious/Spiritual context.

法案を修正し、委員会に差し戻す。

Amend the bill and send it back to the committee.

Legal/Technical term 'sashi-modosu'.

その風景は、私を幼少期の記憶へと引き戻した。

That scenery pulled me back to my childhood memories.

Evocative literary style.

国家の威信をかつての水準にまで戻す。

Restore the nation's prestige to its former level.

Geopolitical context.

彼は意識を現世に引き戻そうともがいていた。

He was struggling to pull his consciousness back to this world.

Intense psychological description.

تلازمات شائعة

元に戻す (moto ni modosu)

場所に戻す (basho ni modosu)

白紙に戻す (hakushi ni modosu)

時計を戻す (tokei o modosu)

話を戻す (hanashi o modosu)

設定を戻す (settei o modosu)

水で戻す (mizu de modosu)

吐き戻す (haki-modosu)

呼び戻す (yobi-modosu)

巻き戻す (maki-modosu)

العبارات الشائعة

元に戻してください (Please put it back.)

話を本題に戻すと... (Returning to the main topic...)

計画を白紙に戻す (To scrap a plan/start over.)

気分が悪くて戻す (To vomit due to feeling unwell.)

時計の針を戻す (To turn back the clock.)

元の位置に戻す (Return to original position.)

水で戻した椎茸 (Shiitake rehydrated in water.)

期限を戻す (To revert a deadline.)

意識を戻す (To regain consciousness.)

ページを戻す (To go back a page.)

يُخلط عادةً مع

戻す vs 戻る (modoru) - Intransitive version.

戻す vs 返す (kaesu) - Returning to an owner.

戻す vs 直す (naosu) - Fixing/repairing.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"白紙に戻す (To return to a blank slate/cancel everything.)"

"話を戻す (To get back on track in a conversation.)"

"時計の針を戻す (To try to change the past - metaphorical.)"

"振り出しに戻る/戻す (To go back to square one.)"

"手のひらを返す (Related: to suddenly change attitude - contrast with modosu.)"

"息を吹き返す (Related: to come back to life.)"

"恩を返す (Related: to return a favor.)"

"借りを作る (Related: to owe a debt - opposite of returning.)"

"元も子もない (Related: losing everything, including the original.)"

"二の足を踏む (Related: hesitating to move forward, staying back.)"

سهل الخلط

戻す vs 返す

Kaesu is for returning to a person; Modosu is for returning to a place/state.

戻す vs 戻る

Modoru is 'to go back' (subject moves); Modosu is 'to put back' (object is moved).

戻す vs 復旧

Fukkyu is formal/technical restoration (e.g., power lines).

戻す vs 復元

Fukugen is restoring something to its original physical form (e.g., a file or artifact).

戻す vs 払い戻す

Specifically for returning money (refund).

أنماط الجُمل

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

cooking

Specifically used for dried foods like mushrooms, seaweed, and beans.

euphemism

Used to avoid the harshness of the word 'haku' (vomit).

transitivity pair

戻す (transitive) / 戻る (intransitive)

أخطاء شائعة

Using 'modosu' instead of 'modoru' for oneself (e.g., 'I will return home').
Using 'modosu' for returning money to a person (use 'kaesu' or 'haraimodosu').
Forgetting the particle 'ni' for the destination/state.
Confusing 'modosu' with 'naosu' (repairing).
Using 'modosu' for 'giving back' a gift (use 'kaesu').

نصائح

Transitivity Check

Always check if you have an object (marked with を). If you don't, you probably need 'modoru' instead of 'modosu'.

The 'Undo' Verb

Think of 'modosu' as the physical 'Ctrl+Z' of the Japanese language. It reverts actions and placements.

Tidying Etiquette

In Japan, 'modosu' is a virtue. Putting things back exactly where they were is a sign of a disciplined person.

Rehydration

When you see 'modosu' in a recipe, it means soak the dried ingredient in water until it's soft again.

Topic Control

Use 'hanashi o modoshimasu' to steer a conversation back to the point without being rude.

Polite Sickness

If you feel like you might throw up, say 'modoshisou desu' to sound more polite and less direct.

Modosu vs Kaesu

Location = Modosu. Ownership = Kaesu. This simple rule will save you from most mistakes.

Useful Compounds

Learn 'maki-modosu' (rewind) and 'yobi-modosu' (call back) to expand your vocabulary quickly.

Shared Spaces

In shared offices or kitchens, 'modoshite oku' is the golden rule for maintaining harmony.

Mode-Switch

Remember: Modosu switches the mode back to the previous one.

احفظها

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Old Japanese verb 'modosu'. The kanji 戻 consists of 'door' (戸) and 'dog' (大/犬), originally suggesting a dog twisting or turning back at a door.

السياق الثقافي

Part of hospitality is ensuring everything is 'modosu' (restored) to a perfect state before a guest arrives.

Returning a conversation to the 'hondai' (main topic) is a skill valued in Japanese meetings to maintain 'wa' (harmony) and efficiency.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

بدايات محادثة

"使ったものはどこに戻せばいいですか？ (Where should I put back the things I used?)"

"話を戻してもいいですか？ (May I return to the previous topic?)"

"パソコンの設定を戻す方法を知っていますか？ (Do you know how to restore computer settings?)"

"時間を戻せるとしたら、いつに戻りたいですか？ (If you could turn back time, when would you want to go back to?)"

"この乾燥椎茸はどうやって戻しますか？ (How do you rehydrate these dried shiitake?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日、元の場所に戻し忘れたものはありますか？ (Is there anything you forgot to put back today?)

過去に戻ってやり直したいことはありますか？ (Is there anything from the past you'd like to go back and redo?)

部屋をきれいに戻した後の気分はどうですか？ (How do you feel after restoring your room to a clean state?)

最近、自分の考えを「白紙に戻した」経験はありますか？ (Have you recently had an experience where you 'returned your thoughts to a blank slate'?)

体調を戻すために何をしていますか？ (What are you doing to return to good health?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, you should use 'kaeru' or 'modoru'. 'Modosu' is transitive and means you are putting an object back.

Yes, 'modoshimasu' is perfectly polite. For very formal situations, 'fukki' or 'henkyaku' might be used depending on the context.

'Shimau' means to put away/store. 'Modosu' specifically means putting it back where it was originally.

In software, it's often 'moto ni modosu' (元に戻す) or 'yarinaoshi' (やり直し).

Yes, in the sense of 'calling someone back' (yobimodosu) or 'bringing someone back to reality'.

Yes, but 'kaesu' or 'henkyaku-suru' are also very common and emphasize the return of the borrowed item.

It literally means 'return to a white paper,' which means to cancel a plan and start over from scratch.

It's a euphemism. It implies that the food is simply being 'returned' from where it came, which sounds less graphic than 'vomit'.

Yes, 'mizu de modosu' or 'oyu de modosu' is used for rehydrating dried noodles or vegetables.

The te-form is 'modoshite' (戻して).

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات