When you have an allergic reaction to something, you can use the verb 过敏 (guòmǐn). You can say you are allergic to certain foods, like peanuts or seafood, or even to things in the environment, such as pollen or dust. It's a very practical word to know, especially when traveling or ordering food. For example, if you're at a restaurant, you might need to tell the waiter if you're allergic to something on the menu.
§ How to use it in a sentence – grammar, prepositions
Alright, let's get into how to actually use 过敏 (guòmǐn) in your Chinese sentences. It's pretty straightforward, but there are a few common patterns you should know.
- Basic Structure: Subject + 对 (duì) + Allergen + 过敏 (guòmǐn)
- This is your go-to structure. You use 对 (duì) to introduce the thing you're allergic to. Think of 对 (duì) here as meaning 'to' or 'towards' the allergen.
我对花生过敏。(Wǒ duì huāshēng guòmǐn.)
This means "I am allergic to peanuts." Easy, right? You just put the person, then 对, then the thing they're allergic to, and finally 过敏.
她对花粉过敏，春天很难受。(Tā duì huāfěn guòmǐn, chūntiān hěn nánshòu.)
Here, it means "She is allergic to pollen, so spring is difficult for her."
- Using with Degree Adverbs
- You can use adverbs like 很 (hěn - very), 有点 (yǒudiǎn - a little bit), or 严重 (yánzhòng - severely) before 过敏 to describe the intensity of the allergy.
我对猫毛很过敏。(Wǒ duì māomáo hěn guòmǐn.)
This means "I am very allergic to cat fur."
他对海鲜有点过敏。(Tā duì hǎixiān yǒudiǎn guòmǐn.)
This translates to "He is a little bit allergic to seafood."
- Asking About Allergies
- When you want to ask someone if they have any allergies, you can use a similar structure:
你对什么过敏？(Nǐ duì shénme guòmǐn?)
This means "What are you allergic to?"
你对鸡蛋过敏吗？(Nǐ duì jīdàn guòmǐn ma?)
This asks, "Are you allergic to eggs?"
§ Common Allergens to Know
Here are some common things people are allergic to, so you can expand your vocabulary:
花生 (huāshēng) - peanuts
海鲜 (hǎixiān) - seafood
花粉 (huāfěn) - pollen
牛奶 (niúnǎi) - milk
鸡蛋 (jīdàn) - eggs
猫毛 (māomáo) - cat fur
狗毛 (gǒumáo) - dog fur
药物 (yàowù) - medication/drugs
Remember, the key is the 'Subject + 对 + Allergen + 过敏' structure. Master that, and you'll be able to talk about allergies effectively in Chinese. Keep practicing!
أمثلة حسب المستوى
我对花生过敏，所以不能吃花生酱。
I am allergic to peanuts, so I can't eat peanut butter.
如果你对海鲜过敏，请告诉我。
If you are allergic to seafood, please tell me.
她对花粉过敏，春天的时候眼睛会痒。
She is allergic to pollen, and her eyes get itchy in the spring.
这种药可能会让你过敏，服用前请看说明书。
This medicine might make you allergic (cause an allergic reaction), please read the instructions before taking it.
我的皮肤对某些化妆品过敏。
My skin is allergic to certain cosmetics.
医生问我有没有对什么食物过敏。
The doctor asked if I was allergic to any food.
他吃芒果会过敏，所以从来不吃。
He gets an allergic reaction when he eats mangoes, so he never eats them.
我小时候对牛奶过敏，但现在好了。
When I was little, I was allergic to milk, but I'm fine now.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
我对花粉过敏。
I am allergic to pollen.
他吃海鲜会过敏。
He gets allergic reactions if he eats seafood.
你对什么过敏？
What are you allergic to?
这个药会不会引起过敏？
Will this medicine cause allergies?
我有严重的皮肤过敏。
I have severe skin allergies.
过敏的时候，眼睛会痒。
When you have allergies, your eyes can be itchy.
对花生过敏的人不能吃这个。
People allergic to peanuts cannot eat this.
她对牛奶过敏，所以不喝牛奶。
She is allergic to milk, so she doesn't drink it.
医生说我对这种药物过敏。
The doctor said I am allergic to this medicine.
他的过敏反应很严重。
His allergic reaction is very severe.
محتوى ذو صلة
هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى
عبارات ذات صلة
مزيد من كلمات health
一粒
A2One pill; a grain (for small, round objects like pills).
一片
A2One tablet; a slice (for flat objects like pills).
不正常
A2abnormal
以上
A2Above, over (a number)
酸痛
A2Sore; aching (especially muscles).
倒是
A2On the contrary; actually.
针灸
A2Acupuncture; traditional Chinese therapy.
扎针
A2to give an injection
急性
B1acute (illness)
急性病
B1Acute disease.
