Perfektes Passiv Gerundium (gemacht worden sein)
Perfect Passive Gerund kannst du genau ausdrücken, dass etwas passiv abgeschlossen wurde, bevor etwas anderes geschah. Ein echtes C1-Upgrade für dein Englisch!
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The Perfect Passive Gerund describes an action that was done to someone in the past, acting as a noun in the sentence.
- Use 'having been' + past participle for past passive actions (e.g., 'having been told').
- Place 'not' before 'having' to make it negative (e.g., 'not having been invited').
- Use it after verbs or prepositions that require a gerund (e.g., 'He complained about having been ignored').
Overview
Perfect Passive Gerund – also die Struktur having been + past participle – ist genau so ein Werkzeug. Er ist das chirurgische Skalpell unter den Zeitformen.because oder after zu verschachteln, nutzt du den Perfect Passive Gerund, um alles in eine elegante Phrase zu packen.Perfect Passive Gerund erlaubt es dir, diese „Nachzeitigkeit“ im Passiv so auszudrücken, dass du wie ein Muttersprachler klingst, der seine Gedanken perfekt strukturiert hat. Es ist der Unterschied zwischen „einfach nur Englisch sprechen“ und „Englisch meistern“.- 1
having(Der Aspekt der Abgeschlossenheit): Das Worthavingsignalisiert hier dasPerfect. Es sagt uns: „Diese Handlung ist bereits vorbei.“ Es ist der zeitliche Anker, der die Handlung vor das Hauptverb des Satzes setzt. - 2
been(Die Passiv-Markierung): Ohnebeenwäre die Konstruktion aktiv. Dasbeen(Partizip II vonto be) ist absolut notwendig, um zu zeigen, dass dem Subjekt etwas *widerfahren* ist, anstatt dass das Subjekt selbst gehandelt hat. - 3
Past Participle(Der Kern der Handlung): Hier setzt du das eigentliche Verb ein (z. B.told,seen,promoted).
Perfect Passive Gerund | Deutsche Entsprechung (Nebensatz) | Deutsche Entsprechung (Substantiviert) |Having been warned... | Nachdem er gewarnt worden war... | Nach dem Gewarnt-worden-sein... (sehr unüblich) |Having been fired... | Da er gefeuert worden war... | Aufgrund seiner Entlassung... |Perfect Passive Gerund eine sehr beliebte Methode, um Texte flüssiger und professioneller zu gestalten.Past Participle musst du beherrschen.having + been + Verb (3. Form / -ed)-ed an den Verbstamm an. Das ist die Basis, die du in 90 % der Fälle im Büroalltag oder in der Uni brauchen wirst.Having been asked...(Nachdem [ich/er/sie] gefragt wurde...)Having been informed...(Nachdem [man] informiert worden war...)Having been rejected...(Nachdem [das Angebot] abgelehnt worden war...)
Having been shown...(show - showed - shown)Having been forgotten...(forget - forgot - forgotten)Having been misunderstood...(misunderstand - misunderstood - misunderstood)
- Als Subjekt (selten):
Having been chosen for the task was a great honor. - Nach Präpositionen (sehr häufig):
He was angry about having been lied to. - Als adverbiale Bestimmung (sehr häufig):
Having been cleaned, the room looked much better.
Perfect Passive Gerund deine Ausdrucksweise massiv aufwertet.- Beispiel:
Having been mistreated by his previous employer, Mark was very cautious in the interview. - Analyse: Mark wurde schlecht behandelt (Passiv). Das ist bereits abgeschlossen (Perfect). Das Ergebnis ist seine Vorsicht im Interview. Im Deutschen würden wir sagen: „Da er schlecht behandelt worden war...“
of, for, about, at). Wenn danach eine passive, abgeschlossene Handlung folgt, musst du den Perfect Passive Gerund nutzen.- Beispiel:
She was praised for having been involved in the charity project. - Beispiel:
He felt guilty about having been given more than his fair share. - Hier zeigt die Form ganz klar: Das Lob oder die Schuldgefühle beziehen sich auf etwas, das bereits in der Vergangenheit liegt und abgeschlossen ist.
- Beispiel:
They were relieved at having been rescued before nightfall. - Analyse: Sie waren erleichtert. Warum? Weil sie gerettet worden waren (abgeschlossen). Ohne das
havingwürde es so klingen, als würden sie gerade in diesem Moment gerettet werden (being rescued).
Having been collected and analyzed, the data revealed a clear trend.- Das wirkt souverän, fokussiert und spart Platz, ohne an Präzision zu verlieren.
been (Aktiv-Passiv-Verwechslung)been weglässt, drehst du die Bedeutung komplett um.- *Falsch:*
Having told the secret, he felt better.(Er hat das Geheimnis erzählt – Aktiv) - *Richtig:*
Having been told the secret, he felt better.(Ihm wurde das Geheimnis erzählt – Passiv) - Warum passiert das? Im Deutschen sagen wir oft „Nachdem er das Geheimnis gehört hatte...“ (Aktiv). Wir vergessen im Englischen dann, dass die Struktur im Passiv stehen muss, wenn er der Empfänger der Information war.
Simple Passive Gerund (being done)being, wenn sie eigentlich having been meinen. Der Unterschied ist die Zeit.I hate being ignored.(Allgemeiner Zustand/Gegenwart: Ich hasse es, ignoriert zu werden.)I was upset about having been ignored.(Abgeschlossenes Ereignis: Ich war sauer, weil ich [damals bei der Sitzung] ignoriert wurde.)- Tipp: Frag dich immer: Ist die Sache schon vorbei? Wenn ja ->
having been.
- *Falsch:*
Having been repaired, the mechanic gave me the keys.(Hier wurde grammatikalisch der Mechaniker repariert, nicht das Auto!) - *Richtig:*
Having been repaired, the car was returned to me by the mechanic.
- *Zu formell:*
Having been invited to your party, I shall attend. - *Natürlich:*
Thanks for the invite, I'll be there!
promotion).He likes promoting people. | Er tut es selbst, jetzt oder allgemein. | Er befördert gerne Leute. |Having promoted her, he left. | Er hat es selbst getan, bevor er ging. | Nachdem er sie befördert hatte... |He likes being promoted. | Er empfängt die Aktion allgemein. | Er wird gerne befördert. |Having been promoted, he celebrated. | Er wurde befördert, die Aktion ist vorbei. | Da er befördert worden war... |Perfect Passive Gerund ist die einzige Form, die sowohl die Passivität (ihm ist es passiert) als auch die Vollendung (es ist bereits erledigt) gleichzeitig ausdrückt.after being benutzen?After being told... ist eine sehr gängige Alternative. Der Perfect Passive Gerund (Having been told...) ist jedoch noch einen Tick präziser, was die zeitliche Abfolge angeht, und wirkt in der Schriftsprache oft eleganter.having been-Variante gefragt.Having been warned, I stayed away. Wenn die Phrase nach einer Präposition im Satz steht, brauchst du kein Komma: I was happy about having been warned.Perfect Passive Gerund stehen können?know oder believe wirken in dieser Form oft etwas seltsam, sind aber grammatikalisch möglich. Am häufigsten wirst du Handlungsverben sehen wie inform, give, show, tell, ask oder pay.Perfect Passive Gerund, wenn du im professionellen Umfeld glänzen willst. Er ist die perfekte Brücke, um deutsche „Nachdem-Sätze“ in elegantes, kompaktes Englisch zu verwandeln. Viel Erfolg beim Ausprobieren in deiner nächsten E-Mail!Perfect Passive Gerund Structure
| Polarity | Auxiliary 1 | Auxiliary 2 | Main Verb (V3) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
having
|
been
|
told
|
having been told
|
|
Negative
|
not having
|
been
|
told
|
not having been told
|
|
Question
|
About having
|
been
|
told?
|
Are you upset about having been told?
|
Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
Having been
|
None
|
This form is never contracted in formal English.
|
|
Not having been
|
None
|
Avoid contracting 'not' with 'having' in this specific structure.
|
Meanings
A verb form that functions as a noun, representing a completed action that was performed upon the subject at an earlier time.
Expressing Regret or Complaint
Used to describe past mistreatment or missed opportunities that cause current negative feelings.
“She expressed regret at having been passed over for the promotion.”
“I am tired of having been treated like a child by the management.”
Legal and Formal Reporting
Used in formal documents to refer to past events that have been officially recorded or verified.
“The defendant denied having been seen at the crime scene.”
“The report mentions the building having been inspected twice last year.”
Gratitude and Recognition
Used to acknowledge past help or honors received.
“I am grateful for having been given this opportunity to speak.”
“She was honored for having been chosen as the representative.”
Reference Table
| Struktur | Bedeutung | Beispiel | Zeitliche Betonung |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Active Perfect Gerund
|
Subjekt hat eine Handlung vor einer anderen abgeschlossen.
|
`Having written` the report, she relaxed.
|
Subjekt *hat* etwas getan, dann etwas anderes.
|
|
Passive Gerund
|
Subjekt empfängt eine andauernde/allgemeine Handlung.
|
She dislikes `being interrupted`.
|
Subjekt *empfängt* Handlung im Allgemeinen.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund
|
Subjekt hat eine *abgeschlossene* Handlung vor einer anderen empfangen.
|
`Having been told` the news, he cried.
|
Subjekt *hat* abgeschlossene Handlung empfangen, dann etwas anderes.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund
|
Reaktion auf ein vergangenes passives Ereignis.
|
He appreciated `having been chosen`.
|
Reaktion auf eine an ihm *abgeschlossene* Handlung.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund + Präposition
|
Klärt die Reihenfolge passiver Ereignisse.
|
After `having been interviewed`, I felt calm.
|
Abgeschlossenes Interview *geht dem Gefühl der Ruhe voraus*.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund (Negativ)
|
Eine abgeschlossene Handlung nicht empfangen haben.
|
She regretted `not having been invited`.
|
Handlung *nicht empfangen* vor dem Bedauern.
|
Formalitätsspektrum
I wish to express my dissatisfaction regarding having been ignored by the staff. (Customer service complaint)
I'm upset about having been ignored. (Customer service complaint)
It sucks having been ignored like that. (Customer service complaint)
Getting ghosted after having been hyped up is trash. (Customer service complaint)
Perfect Passive Gerund: Das 'Mir angetan' davor
Bildung
- Having Perfect Aspekt
- Been Passivform
- Past Participle Hauptverb
Kernidee
- Vorherige Vollendung Aktion BEVOR einem anderen Ereignis abgeschlossen
- Subjekt empfängt Aktion geschieht DEM Subjekt
Anwendungskontexte
- Reaktionen/Gefühle Nach einem vergangenen passiven Ereignis
- Nach Präpositionen z.B. 'after having been...'
- Formelles Schreiben Präzision hinzufügen
Being Done vs. Having Been Done: Zeit ist entscheidend!
Brauche ich 'Having Been Done'?
Ist die Hauptaktion passiv (Subjekt empfängt sie)?
Wurde diese passive Handlung *vor* einem anderen Ereignis oder Zeitpunkt, den du besprichst, abgeschlossen?
Häufige Verben mit Perfect Passive Gerund
Verben des Gefühls/der Emotion
- • regretted having been...
- • annoyed at having been...
- • proud of having been...
- • happy about having been...
Verben der Kommunikation
- • after having been told...
- • about having been informed...
- • without having been consulted...
- • despite having been promised...
Allgemeine Handlungen
- • after having been seen...
- • before having been done...
- • having been accepted...
- • having been chosen...
Beispiele nach Niveau
I like having been helped.
I like that someone helped me before.
He is sad about having been left.
He is sad because someone left him.
Thank you for having been kind.
Thank you for being kind to me in the past.
She is happy about having been picked.
She is happy because they chose her.
He talked about having been invited to the party.
He mentioned that someone invited him earlier.
She was angry about not having been told the truth.
She was mad because no one told her the truth before.
They were proud of having been chosen for the team.
They felt good because the coach picked them.
I don't remember having been seen there.
I don't think anyone saw me there in the past.
The actor complained about having been misquoted in the article.
The actor was unhappy because the journalist wrote the wrong words.
She regretted having been persuaded to buy the expensive car.
She felt bad that someone convinced her to buy it.
He apologized for having been distracted during the lesson.
He said sorry because he wasn't paying attention earlier.
We were relieved at having been rescued from the storm.
We felt better because someone saved us.
The politician denied having been briefed on the security threat.
The politician said he was never given the information.
Having been warned about the risks, they decided to proceed anyway.
Because they were warned before, they knew the danger.
She was frustrated by having been overlooked for the lead role.
She was upset because they didn't consider her for the part.
The company was fined for having been found guilty of pollution.
The company had to pay money because they broke the law.
The CEO's resignation, having been prompted by the scandal, was inevitable.
The scandal caused the CEO to quit.
He spoke eloquently about having been marginalized by society for years.
He talked about his experience of being ignored by people.
The manuscript shows signs of having been edited by multiple authors.
It looks like many people changed the text in the past.
Not having been informed of the changes, the staff continued as usual.
Because no one told the staff, they didn't change anything.
The protagonist's existential dread stems from having been uprooted from his homeland.
His fear comes from being forced to leave his country.
The treaty was criticized for having been negotiated behind closed doors.
People didn't like that the deal was made in secret.
She attributed her success to having been mentored by the industry's finest.
She said she succeeded because great people taught her.
The ruins bear witness to the city having been besieged for over a decade.
The old buildings show that the city was under attack for a long time.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners forget 'been', changing the meaning from passive to active.
Using 'being done' for past events.
Häufige Fehler
I like having helped.
I like having been helped.
He is happy about having not been invited.
He is happy about not having been invited.
She denied having being told.
She denied having been told.
I regret being told that yesterday.
I regret having been told that yesterday.
Satzmuster
I am grateful for having been ___.
She denied having been ___ at the scene.
Real World Usage
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to lead that project.
The tenant complained about having been evicted without notice.
Tired of having been treated like an option when I made you a priority.
The data is unreliable due to the sensors having been calibrated incorrectly.
The patient reports having been diagnosed with asthma in childhood.
The claim was rejected due to the car having been left unlocked.
Denk an „davor geschehen“
Having been notified of the meeting, she prepared her presentation.
Nicht mit Aktiv verwechseln
having done). Bleib aufmerksam für die passive Form! He was proud of having been elected class president.
Kombination mit Präpositionen
She felt calm after having been interviewed.
Klingt viel ausgereifter
The report, having been thoroughly reviewed, was finally published.
Smart Tips
Replace 'I'm sorry that I was...' with 'I apologize for having been...'.
Check if the action is still happening. If it's 100% over, use 'having been'.
Always use 'having been' if the denial is about a specific past event.
Use a perfect passive gerund to delete 'that' and 'because'.
Aussprache
The 'H' in Having
In rapid speech, the 'h' in 'having' is often dropped, sounding like 'avin'.
Reduction of 'Been'
The word 'been' is usually unstressed and sounds like 'bin'.
Stress on 'Not'
I'm angry about NOT having been told.
Emphasizes the lack of information.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
H.B.P. - Having Been Past. If it happened to you before, use these three for sure!
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a 'Past' stamp being pressed onto a 'Passive' envelope. The stamp is 'Having' and the envelope is 'Been + V3'.
Rhyme
To show the past was done to you, 'Having been' is what you do!
Story
A detective finds a note. It says 'I regret having been caught.' The detective knows the thief is talking about the past arrest, not the current one.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write three sentences about your last job using 'having been'. Example: 'I enjoyed having been challenged by my boss.'
Kulturelle Hinweise
British speakers use this form frequently in formal letters of complaint to maintain a polite but firm distance.
In US business, this form is used in performance reviews to highlight past achievements objectively.
Global academic English relies on this form to discuss historical theories that were later disproven.
The gerund evolved from Old English verbal nouns ending in -ung/-ing. The perfect and passive additions developed in Middle English as the language became more analytical.
Gesprächseinstiege
Have you ever regretted having been persuaded to do something?
How do you feel about having been raised in your hometown?
Can you mention a time you were proud of having been chosen for a task?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
She regretted ___ the important email.
Find and fix the mistake:
After being informed of the cancellation, he left.
Wähle den richtigen Satz:
Übersetze ins Englische: 'Ella estaba feliz de haber sido elegida para el papel.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
Score: /4
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercisesHe was disappointed about not ___ to the wedding.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
He denied having being seen at the bank.
He was punished for ___.
The word 'not' comes after 'having' in the perfect passive gerund.
A: Why is she so happy? B: She's thrilled about ___ for the scholarship.
Identify the form:
Active: 'Having seen' -> Passive: ?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe new policy, ___ by the board, was implemented last week.
He was accused of stolen the company's data.
Wähle den richtigen Satz:
Übersetze ins Englische: 'Después de haber sido despedido, él buscó un nuevo empleo.'
Ordne diese Wörter zu einem Satz an:
Ordne die Subjekte der richtigen Form zu:
She expressed relief at ___ a second chance.
She remembered being interviewed for the job a year ago.
Wähle den richtigen Satz:
Übersetze ins Englische: 'Ella se quejaba de haber sido tratada injustamente.'
Ordne diese Wörter zu einem Satz an:
Ordne die Szenarien zu:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
'Being done' is for current or general actions. 'Having been done' is for specific actions that are already finished.
Yes! For example: 'Having been warned, I was careful.' However, in that case, it is technically a 'Perfect Participle', not a gerund.
Yes, when followed by a past participle (V3), it is always passive.
'Been' is the passive marker. Without it, 'having told' means you told someone else.
It is less common in casual speech but very common in professional and academic English.
Yes, but 'there' is an adverb, so this is the perfect active form of 'to be'. For the passive gerund, you need a V3 like 'I regret not having been invited.'
It only works with transitive verbs (verbs that can have an object) because only transitive verbs can be passive.
You usually put it inside a question: 'Are you upset about having been ignored?'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Haber sido + participio
English uses the -ing form after prepositions, while Spanish uses the infinitive.
Avoir été + participe passé
French requires 'de' or 'à' before the infinitive, similar to English prepositions.
[Partizip II] + worden zu sein
Word order is the primary struggle for learners moving between these two.
〜されたこと (sareta koto)
Japanese doesn't have a specific 'perfect' aspect in the same way; the past tense covers it.
كونه قد [verb]
Arabic grammar is root-based and doesn't use auxiliary 'having'.
被...过 (bèi...guò)
Chinese relies on word order and particles rather than verb conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
Plusquamperfekt: Die 'Vorher'-Vergangenheit (had + done)
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