Gérondif Passif Parfait (ayant été fait)
terminées et élever ton niveau de communication avancée en anglais.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The Perfect Passive Gerund describes an action that was done to someone in the past, acting as a noun in the sentence.
- Use 'having been' + past participle for past passive actions (e.g., 'having been told').
- Place 'not' before 'having' to make it negative (e.g., 'not having been invited').
- Use it after verbs or prepositions that require a gerund (e.g., 'He complained about having been ignored').
Overview
Perfect Passive Gerund (le gérondif passif accompli) est l'un de ces outils de précision.Perfect Passive Gerund, que l'on construit sous la forme having been + past participle, sert à exprimer une action subie par le sujet, mais surtout, une action qui est terminée avant le moment de l'action principale.- 1
having(L'aspect accompli/Perfect) : En anglais, dès que tu voishavesuivi d'un participe passé, tu es dans l'aspect « parfait ». Cela signifie que l'action est vue comme terminée par rapport à un point de référence. Ici, sous sa forme gérondive (-ing),havingindique que l'action du gérondif a eu lieu avant le verbe principal de la phrase.
- 1
been(La voix passive) : C'est le marqueur indispensable du passif. Il indique que le sujet ne fait pas l'action, mais qu'il la reçoit. Sansbeen, la phrase bascule à l'actif, ce qui change totalement le sens (et peut créer des contresens gênants pour un francophone).
- 1
Past Participle(Le sens lexical) : C'est le verbe d'action (ex:told,seen,promoted). C'est lui qui porte le message principal.
Having been fired, he decided to travel.being watched | être regardé |having been watched | avoir été regardé / ayant été regardé |having + been + past participle-ed à la base verbale.Having been asked(Ayant été interrogé)Having been ignored(Ayant été ignoré)Having been rejected(Ayant été rejeté)
Having been seen(Ayant été vu)Having been told(Ayant été informé/dit)Having been written(Ayant été écrit)Having been chosen(Ayant été choisi)
The document, having been signed by the CEO, was sent to the legal department.He felt much better after having been given the proper medication.
not se place toujours tout au début.Not having been informed of the changes, I arrived at the wrong time.(N'ayant pas été informé...)
Perfect Passive Gerund est indispensable.Having been warned about the traffic, we left an hour early.(Comme on nous avait prévenus pour les bouchons — cause passée — nous sommes partis plus tôt — conséquence.)Having been built in the 18th century, the house required extensive renovations.(Parce qu'elle a été construite au 18ème siècle...)
after, for, about, of, by), on utilise obligatoirement un gérondif. Si tu veux insister sur le fait que l'action subie est terminée, tu dois utiliser la forme perfect passive.He was tired of having been treated like a child.(Il en avait assez d'avoir été traité comme un enfant — cela s'est produit sur une période avant son ras-le-bol.)She apologized for having been delayed by the weather.(Elle s'est excusée d'avoir été retardée — le retard est déjà survenu.)
proud, ashamed, happy, upset) par rapport à quelque chose qui t'est arrivé (voix passive) dans le passé (aspect perfect).They were proud of having been selected for the international competition.(Ils étaient fiers d'avoir été sélectionnés — la sélection est faite, la fierté demeure.)I'm still angry about having been lied to.(Je suis toujours en colère d'avoir subi des mensonges.)
Because it had been... ou After it was..., le gérondif permet d'alléger le texte.- Style lourd :
Because the theory had been proven wrong by several studies, it was eventually abandoned. - Style C1 :
Having been proven wrong by several studies, the theory was eventually abandoned.
been (Le piège de la voix active)- Erreur :
*She was happy about having chosen for the job. - Pourquoi ? Sans
been, cela signifie que c'est elle qui a choisi (voix active). - Correction :
She was happy about having been chosen for the job.(Elle a été choisie par quelqu'un d'autre).
being et having been (Le piège temporel)being pour tout.being done(Simple Passive) : L'action est simultanée ou habituelle.I hate being interrupted.(En général).having been done(Perfect Passive) : L'action est terminée avant.I was annoyed at having been interrupted during my presentation.(L'interruption est finie, la présentation est peut-être finie aussi).- Conseil : Si tu peux dire « après avoir été » en français, utilise
having been. Si tu dis « être » (au sens d'état actuel ou général), utilisebeing.
V-ed) au lieu du participe passé pour les verbes irréguliers.- Erreur :
*Having been took by surprise... - Correction :
Having been taken by surprise... - Astuce : Dis-toi que c'est la même forme que pour le
Present Perfect(I have taken).
Dangling Participle (Le gérondif suspendu)- Erreur :
*Having been cooked for hours, we finally ate the stew. - Pourquoi ? Ici, la phrase suggère que c'est « nous » (
we) qui avons été cuisinés pendant des heures ! - Correction :
Having been cooked for hours, the stew was finally ready to eat.
Perfect Passive Gerund, comparons-le aux autres formes de gérondifs. C'est la clé pour choisir la nuance exacte en fonction de ce que tu veux exprimer.Doing | Active | Simultané / Général | I like inviting friends. (J'aime inviter des amis.) |Having done | Active | Antérieur (Terminé) | I remember having invited him. (Je me souviens de l'avoir invité.) |Being done | Passive | Simultané / Général | I like being invited. (J'aime être invité — en général.) |Having been done| Passive | Antérieur (Terminé) | I'm glad for having been invited. (Je suis content d'avoir été invité — l'invitation est passée.) |- 1
After being interviewed, I felt confident.(L'entretien vient de finir, ou je parle de l'expérience globale de l'entretien). - 2
After having been interviewed, I realized I had forgotten my resume.(Ici, on insiste lourdement sur la coupure temporelle : l'entretien est une étape close avant la réalisation suivante).
having been par after being ?After being told the news, she cried est très naturel. Cependant, having been est plus précis et plus formel. À l'écrit (IELTS, TOEFL, rapports professionnels), having been montrera une meilleure maîtrise de la grammaire complexe.I was so happy they picked me! au lieu de I was happy about having been picked.Having been... et Being... en début de phrase ?Being a doctor, he knew what to do.(Parce qu'il est médecin — état permanent).Having been a doctor for years, he knew what to do.(Parce qu'il a été médecin pendant des années — expérience accumulée).
Being asked to leave is never fun.(Se faire demander de partir n'est jamais drôle — vérité générale).Having been asked to leave, he walked out.(Ayant été prié de partir — action spécifique terminée — il est sorti).
having been avec des verbes d'état (stative verbs) ?Having been ill for a week, he was behind on his work. (Ici, been est le verbe principal, pas un auxiliaire passif).Perfect Passive Gerund n'est pas juste une règle de plus à mémoriser. C'est un marqueur de maturité linguistique. En l'intégrant dans tes écrits et tes interventions orales formelles, tu montres que tu es capable de manipuler des concepts temporels et relationnels complexes avec aisance.having been + participe passé est ton meilleur allié. Entraîne-toi à transformer tes phrases simples en utilisant cette structure, et tu verras ton style gagner immédiatement en densité et en professionnalisme.T'inquiète pas, avec un peu de pratique, cela deviendra un réflexe !Perfect Passive Gerund Structure
| Polarity | Auxiliary 1 | Auxiliary 2 | Main Verb (V3) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
having
|
been
|
told
|
having been told
|
|
Negative
|
not having
|
been
|
told
|
not having been told
|
|
Question
|
About having
|
been
|
told?
|
Are you upset about having been told?
|
Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
Having been
|
None
|
This form is never contracted in formal English.
|
|
Not having been
|
None
|
Avoid contracting 'not' with 'having' in this specific structure.
|
Meanings
A verb form that functions as a noun, representing a completed action that was performed upon the subject at an earlier time.
Expressing Regret or Complaint
Used to describe past mistreatment or missed opportunities that cause current negative feelings.
“She expressed regret at having been passed over for the promotion.”
“I am tired of having been treated like a child by the management.”
Legal and Formal Reporting
Used in formal documents to refer to past events that have been officially recorded or verified.
“The defendant denied having been seen at the crime scene.”
“The report mentions the building having been inspected twice last year.”
Gratitude and Recognition
Used to acknowledge past help or honors received.
“I am grateful for having been given this opportunity to speak.”
“She was honored for having been chosen as the representative.”
Reference Table
| Structure | Sens | Exemple | Accent sur le moment |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Active Perfect Gerund
|
Sujet a complété l'action avant un autre événement.
|
`Having written` the report, she relaxed.
|
Le sujet l'a *fait*, puis autre chose.
|
|
Passive Gerund
|
Sujet reçoit une action continue/générale.
|
She dislikes `being interrupted`.
|
Le sujet *reçoit* l'action de manière générale.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund
|
Sujet a reçu une action *terminée* avant un autre événement.
|
`Having been told` the news, he cried.
|
Le sujet *a reçu* l'action terminée, puis autre chose.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund
|
Réaction à un événement passif passé.
|
He appreciated `having been chosen`.
|
Réagit à une action *terminée* sur lui.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund + Preposition
|
Clarifie la séquence des événements passifs.
|
After `having been interviewed`, I felt calm.
|
L'entretien terminé *précède* le sentiment de calme.
|
|
Perfect Passive Gerund (Negative)
|
Ne pas avoir reçu une action terminée.
|
She regretted `not having been invited`.
|
Action *non reçue* avant le regret.
|
Spectre de formalité
I wish to express my dissatisfaction regarding having been ignored by the staff. (Customer service complaint)
I'm upset about having been ignored. (Customer service complaint)
It sucks having been ignored like that. (Customer service complaint)
Getting ghosted after having been hyped up is trash. (Customer service complaint)
Gérondif Passif Parfait : Le moment « Ce qui m'a été fait » avant
Formation
- Having Aspect Parfait
- Been Voix Passive
- Past Participle Verbe Principal
Idée Clé
- Prior Completion Action terminée AVANT un autre événement
- Subject Receives L'action se produit SUR le sujet
Contextes d'Utilisation
- Reactions/Feelings Après un événement passif passé
- After Prepositions par ex., 'after having been...'
- Formal Writing Ajoute de la précision
Being Done vs. Having Been Done : Le temps compte !
Ai-je besoin de « Having Been Done » ?
L'action principale est-elle passive (le sujet la reçoit) ?
Cette action passive était-elle terminée *avant* un autre événement ou moment dont tu discutes ?
Verbes courants avec le Gérondif Passif Parfait
Verbes de sentiment/émotion
- • regretted having been...
- • annoyed at having been...
- • proud of having been...
- • happy about having been...
Verbes de communication
- • after having been told...
- • about having been informed...
- • without having been consulted...
- • despite having been promised...
Actions générales
- • after having been seen...
- • before having been done...
- • having been accepted...
- • having been chosen...
Exemples par niveau
I like having been helped.
I like that someone helped me before.
He is sad about having been left.
He is sad because someone left him.
Thank you for having been kind.
Thank you for being kind to me in the past.
She is happy about having been picked.
She is happy because they chose her.
He talked about having been invited to the party.
He mentioned that someone invited him earlier.
She was angry about not having been told the truth.
She was mad because no one told her the truth before.
They were proud of having been chosen for the team.
They felt good because the coach picked them.
I don't remember having been seen there.
I don't think anyone saw me there in the past.
The actor complained about having been misquoted in the article.
The actor was unhappy because the journalist wrote the wrong words.
She regretted having been persuaded to buy the expensive car.
She felt bad that someone convinced her to buy it.
He apologized for having been distracted during the lesson.
He said sorry because he wasn't paying attention earlier.
We were relieved at having been rescued from the storm.
We felt better because someone saved us.
The politician denied having been briefed on the security threat.
The politician said he was never given the information.
Having been warned about the risks, they decided to proceed anyway.
Because they were warned before, they knew the danger.
She was frustrated by having been overlooked for the lead role.
She was upset because they didn't consider her for the part.
The company was fined for having been found guilty of pollution.
The company had to pay money because they broke the law.
The CEO's resignation, having been prompted by the scandal, was inevitable.
The scandal caused the CEO to quit.
He spoke eloquently about having been marginalized by society for years.
He talked about his experience of being ignored by people.
The manuscript shows signs of having been edited by multiple authors.
It looks like many people changed the text in the past.
Not having been informed of the changes, the staff continued as usual.
Because no one told the staff, they didn't change anything.
The protagonist's existential dread stems from having been uprooted from his homeland.
His fear comes from being forced to leave his country.
The treaty was criticized for having been negotiated behind closed doors.
People didn't like that the deal was made in secret.
She attributed her success to having been mentored by the industry's finest.
She said she succeeded because great people taught her.
The ruins bear witness to the city having been besieged for over a decade.
The old buildings show that the city was under attack for a long time.
Facile à confondre
Learners forget 'been', changing the meaning from passive to active.
Using 'being done' for past events.
Erreurs courantes
I like having helped.
I like having been helped.
He is happy about having not been invited.
He is happy about not having been invited.
She denied having being told.
She denied having been told.
I regret being told that yesterday.
I regret having been told that yesterday.
Structures de phrases
I am grateful for having been ___.
She denied having been ___ at the scene.
Real World Usage
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to lead that project.
The tenant complained about having been evicted without notice.
Tired of having been treated like an option when I made you a priority.
The data is unreliable due to the sensors having been calibrated incorrectly.
The patient reports having been diagnosed with asthma in childhood.
The claim was rejected due to the car having been left unlocked.
Pense « Avant ça »
She felt relief after having been examined.
Ne confonds pas avec l'actif
having done). Garde tes « antennes passives » bien levées ! Having completed the task, he left.
Combine avec les prépositions
after, before, about, for et by. Entraîne-toi avec des phrases comme after having been... et ça te semblera beaucoup plus naturel et précis. She was excited about having been chosen.
Pour un anglais plus élégant
The report, having been reviewed, was submitted.
Smart Tips
Replace 'I'm sorry that I was...' with 'I apologize for having been...'.
Check if the action is still happening. If it's 100% over, use 'having been'.
Always use 'having been' if the denial is about a specific past event.
Use a perfect passive gerund to delete 'that' and 'because'.
Prononciation
The 'H' in Having
In rapid speech, the 'h' in 'having' is often dropped, sounding like 'avin'.
Reduction of 'Been'
The word 'been' is usually unstressed and sounds like 'bin'.
Stress on 'Not'
I'm angry about NOT having been told.
Emphasizes the lack of information.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
H.B.P. - Having Been Past. If it happened to you before, use these three for sure!
Association visuelle
Imagine a 'Past' stamp being pressed onto a 'Passive' envelope. The stamp is 'Having' and the envelope is 'Been + V3'.
Rhyme
To show the past was done to you, 'Having been' is what you do!
Story
A detective finds a note. It says 'I regret having been caught.' The detective knows the thief is talking about the past arrest, not the current one.
Word Web
Défi
Write three sentences about your last job using 'having been'. Example: 'I enjoyed having been challenged by my boss.'
Notes culturelles
British speakers use this form frequently in formal letters of complaint to maintain a polite but firm distance.
In US business, this form is used in performance reviews to highlight past achievements objectively.
Global academic English relies on this form to discuss historical theories that were later disproven.
The gerund evolved from Old English verbal nouns ending in -ung/-ing. The perfect and passive additions developed in Middle English as the language became more analytical.
Amorces de conversation
Have you ever regretted having been persuaded to do something?
How do you feel about having been raised in your hometown?
Can you mention a time you were proud of having been chosen for a task?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
She regretted ___ the important email.
Find and fix the mistake:
After being informed of the cancellation, he left.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella estaba feliz de haber sido elegida para el papel.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
Score: /4
Exercices pratiques
8 exercisesHe was disappointed about not ___ to the wedding.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
He denied having being seen at the bank.
He was punished for ___.
The word 'not' comes after 'having' in the perfect passive gerund.
A: Why is she so happy? B: She's thrilled about ___ for the scholarship.
Identify the form:
Active: 'Having seen' -> Passive: ?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe new policy, ___ by the board, was implemented last week.
He was accused of stolen the company's data.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Después de haber sido despedido, él buscó un nuevo empleo.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct form:
She expressed relief at ___ a second chance.
She remembered being interviewed for the job a year ago.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella se quejaba de haber sido tratada injustamente.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the scenarios:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
'Being done' is for current or general actions. 'Having been done' is for specific actions that are already finished.
Yes! For example: 'Having been warned, I was careful.' However, in that case, it is technically a 'Perfect Participle', not a gerund.
Yes, when followed by a past participle (V3), it is always passive.
'Been' is the passive marker. Without it, 'having told' means you told someone else.
It is less common in casual speech but very common in professional and academic English.
Yes, but 'there' is an adverb, so this is the perfect active form of 'to be'. For the passive gerund, you need a V3 like 'I regret not having been invited.'
It only works with transitive verbs (verbs that can have an object) because only transitive verbs can be passive.
You usually put it inside a question: 'Are you upset about having been ignored?'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Haber sido + participio
English uses the -ing form after prepositions, while Spanish uses the infinitive.
Avoir été + participe passé
French requires 'de' or 'à' before the infinitive, similar to English prepositions.
[Partizip II] + worden zu sein
Word order is the primary struggle for learners moving between these two.
〜されたこと (sareta koto)
Japanese doesn't have a specific 'perfect' aspect in the same way; the past tense covers it.
كونه قد [verb]
Arabic grammar is root-based and doesn't use auxiliary 'having'.
被...过 (bèi...guò)
Chinese relies on word order and particles rather than verb conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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