Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto (habiendo sido hecho)
Prior completion, Passive voice, Sequence of events.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The Perfect Passive Gerund describes an action that was done to someone in the past, acting as a noun in the sentence.
- Use 'having been' + past participle for past passive actions (e.g., 'having been told').
- Place 'not' before 'having' to make it negative (e.g., 'not having been invited').
- Use it after verbs or prepositions that require a gerund (e.g., 'He complained about having been ignored').
Overview
Perfect Passive Gerund (el gerundio pasivo perfecto). Si ya te sientes cómodo con el gerundio simple (being done), es hora de dar el salto a esta estructura: having been + past participle.después de queo
debido a que fue.... El
Perfect Passive Gerund te permite sonar más nativo, profesional y directo, especialmente en contextos académicos o laborales.The report was reviewed, and then it was sent to the boss(que suena un poco básico), un hablante C1 diría:
Having been reviewed, the report was sent to the boss. Aquí, el hecho de que el informe fue revisado no es solo un evento en una lista; es la condición previa que permite que ocurra lo siguiente.- 1
having(El Aspecto Perfecto): En la gramática inglesa, el aspecto 'perfect' indica que algo ya ha terminado. Al usarhaving, establecemos un ancla temporal: esta acción ocurrió *antes* que el verbo principal. Es el equivalente a nuestrohabiendo. - 2
been(La Voz Pasiva): Este es el participio pasado del verboto be. Su presencia es obligatoria para indicar que el sujeto no realizó la acción, sino que la recibió. Sin elbeen, la frase se vuelve activa y el significado cambia por completo. - 3
Past Participle(El Significado de la Acción): Aquí es donde pones el verbo principal (comotold,seen,promoted). Es la acción específica que el sujeto recibió.
habiendo sido + participio (ej. habiendo sido advertido). Aunque en español a veces preferimos decir tras ser advertido o después de haber sido advertido, en inglés el
Perfect Passive Gerund es extremadamente común en la escritura formal y en el discurso articulado para evitar la repetición de sujetos.Being treated | Siendo tratado / Al ser tratado | Acción pasiva simultánea o general. |Having been treated | Habiendo sido tratado / Tras haber sido tratado | Acción pasiva completada anteriormente. |Perfect Passive Gerund es rígida. No cambia según la persona (I, you, he, they), lo cual es una ventaja frente a la complejidad de nuestras terminaciones en español. La estructura siempre es:having + been + past participle-ed al infinitivo. Es la forma más sencilla de aplicar el patrón.The documents, having been signed, were filed away.(Los documentos, habiendo sido firmados...)Having been asked to speak, she stood up.(Habiendo sido invitada a hablar...)
Having been shown the evidence, he confessed.(Habiendo sido mostrada la evidencia... - Usamosshown, noshowed).She felt relieved after having been told the truth.(Se sintió aliviada después de habérsele dicho la verdad - Usamostold, notellnitelled).
Accept | Accepted | having been accepted |Choose | Chosen | having been chosen |Write | Written | having been written |Find | Found | having been found |Forget | Forgotten | having been forgotten |Having been fired from his last job, he was nervous about the interview.(El hecho de haber sido despedido causó su nerviosismo).Having been warned about the weather, we decided to stay home.(La advertencia previa causó nuestra decisión).
for, after, about, of), siempre usamos un gerundio. Si la acción es pasiva y pasada, usamos la forma perfecta.He was angry about having been lied to.(Estaba enfadado por el hecho de que le hubieran mentido).She was rewarded for having been involved in the project since the beginning.(Fue recompensada por haber estado involucrada...).
I am still upset about having been overlooked for the promotion.(Todavía estoy molesto por haber sido pasado por alto para el ascenso).They were exhausted after having been kept awake all night by the noise.(Estaban agotados tras haber sido mantenidos despiertos...).
Perfect Passive Gerund te permite eliminar palabras innecesarias como because it had been....
- Básico:
Because the building had been damaged by the fire, it was demolished.
- C1 Level:
Having been damaged by the fire, the building was demolished.
Having being*having being done. Esto es incorrecto. El participio de to be en la voz pasiva siempre debe ser been.- Incorrecto:
*Having being told the news, she cried. - Correcto:
Having been told the news, she cried. - Por qué ocurre: A veces confundimos el gerundio de la pasiva continua (
being) con el de la perfecta.
been (Cambio de Voz)been, la frase se vuelve activa. Esto cambia el sentido de la frase totalmente.- Ejemplo:
Having chosen the team...(Tú elegiste al equipo). - Ejemplo:
Having been chosen for the team...(A ti te eligieron para el equipo). - ¡Ojo!: Si dices
I'm happy about having chosen, estás diciendo que tú tomaste la decisión. Si quieres decir que te eligieron a ti, debes incluirbeen.
being done)being done para cosas que ocurren al mismo tiempo o de forma general. Usamos having been done para cosas que ya terminaron antes de que empezara lo siguiente.- Error de tiempo:
*Being told the secret yesterday, I can't tell you now.(Suena raro porque elyesterdayindica que la acción ya terminó). - Correcto:
Having been told the secret yesterday, I can't tell you now.
Perfect Passive Gerund se sitúa frente a otras estructuras similares:Doing the work | General / Simultáneo | El sujeto hace el trabajo ahora. |Having done the work | Pasado / Completado | El sujeto terminó el trabajo antes. |Being done | Pasado / Simultáneo | El trabajo está siendo hecho o se hace habitualmente. |Having been done | Pasado / Completado | El trabajo se terminó antes de otra acción. |Being criticized is never easy.(Que te critiquen —en general— nunca es fácil).Having been criticized by the boss, he felt demotivated.(Tras haber sido criticado por el jefe —un evento específico que ya terminó— se sintió desmotivado).
After being en lugar de Having been?After being told y Having been told significan casi lo mismo. Sin embargo, Having been enfatiza más que la acción se completó totalmente antes de la siguiente, y suena un poco más formal y sofisticado en ensayos.Since I was told...o
After they told me.... El
Perfect Passive Gerund es una estructura de clase alta gramatical.go, arrive, sleep) no tienen voz pasiva. Por lo tanto, no puedes decir *having been arrived. Solo puedes usar la forma activa: Having arrived.not al principio.Not having been informed of the change, I arrived at the wrong time.(Al no haber sido informado del cambio...).
Perfect Passive Gerund Structure
| Polarity | Auxiliary 1 | Auxiliary 2 | Main Verb (V3) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
having
|
been
|
told
|
having been told
|
|
Negative
|
not having
|
been
|
told
|
not having been told
|
|
Question
|
About having
|
been
|
told?
|
Are you upset about having been told?
|
Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
Having been
|
None
|
This form is never contracted in formal English.
|
|
Not having been
|
None
|
Avoid contracting 'not' with 'having' in this specific structure.
|
Meanings
A verb form that functions as a noun, representing a completed action that was performed upon the subject at an earlier time.
Expressing Regret or Complaint
Used to describe past mistreatment or missed opportunities that cause current negative feelings.
“She expressed regret at having been passed over for the promotion.”
“I am tired of having been treated like a child by the management.”
Legal and Formal Reporting
Used in formal documents to refer to past events that have been officially recorded or verified.
“The defendant denied having been seen at the crime scene.”
“The report mentions the building having been inspected twice last year.”
Gratitude and Recognition
Used to acknowledge past help or honors received.
“I am grateful for having been given this opportunity to speak.”
“She was honored for having been chosen as the representative.”
Reference Table
| Estructura | Significado | Ejemplo | Énfasis Temporal |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Gerundio Perfecto Activo
|
El sujeto completó una acción antes de otra.
|
`Having written` the report, she relaxed.
|
El sujeto *lo hizo*, luego algo más.
|
|
Gerundio Pasivo
|
El sujeto recibe una acción continua o general.
|
She dislikes `being interrupted`.
|
El sujeto está *recibiendo* la acción en general.
|
|
Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto
|
El sujeto recibió una acción *completada* antes de otra.
|
`Having been told` the news, he cried.
|
El sujeto *recibió* una acción completada, luego algo más.
|
|
Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto
|
Reacción a un evento pasivo pasado.
|
He appreciated `having been chosen`.
|
Reaccionando a una acción *completada* sobre él.
|
|
Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto + Preposición
|
Aclara la secuencia de eventos pasivos.
|
After `having been interviewed`, I felt calm.
|
La entrevista completada *precede* a la sensación de calma.
|
|
Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto (Negativo)
|
No haber recibido una acción completada.
|
She regretted `not having been invited`.
|
Acción *no recibida* antes del arrepentimiento.
|
Espectro de formalidad
I wish to express my dissatisfaction regarding having been ignored by the staff. (Customer service complaint)
I'm upset about having been ignored. (Customer service complaint)
It sucks having been ignored like that. (Customer service complaint)
Getting ghosted after having been hyped up is trash. (Customer service complaint)
Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto: El momento del 'Hecho a Mí' Antes
Formación
- Having Aspecto Perfecto
- Been Voz Pasiva
- Past Participle Verbo Principal
Idea Clave
- Prior Completion Acción terminada ANTES de otro evento
- Subject Receives La acción le sucede AL sujeto
Contextos de Uso
- Reacciones/Sentimientos Después de un evento pasivo pasado
- After Prepositions e.g., 'after having been...'
- Formal Writing Añadiendo precisión
Being Done vs. Having Been Done: ¡El Tiempo Importa!
¿Necesito 'Having Been Done'?
¿Es la acción principal pasiva (el sujeto la recibe)?
¿Esta acción pasiva se completó *antes* de otro evento o punto en el tiempo que estás discutiendo?
Verbos Comunes con el Gerundio Pasivo Perfecto
Verbos de Sentimiento/Emoción
- • regretted having been...
- • annoyed at having been...
- • proud of having been...
- • happy about having been...
Verbos de Comunicación
- • after having been told...
- • about having been informed...
- • without having been consulted...
- • despite having been promised...
Acciones Generales
- • after having been seen...
- • before having been done...
- • having been accepted...
- • having been chosen...
Ejemplos por nivel
I like having been helped.
I like that someone helped me before.
He is sad about having been left.
He is sad because someone left him.
Thank you for having been kind.
Thank you for being kind to me in the past.
She is happy about having been picked.
She is happy because they chose her.
He talked about having been invited to the party.
He mentioned that someone invited him earlier.
She was angry about not having been told the truth.
She was mad because no one told her the truth before.
They were proud of having been chosen for the team.
They felt good because the coach picked them.
I don't remember having been seen there.
I don't think anyone saw me there in the past.
The actor complained about having been misquoted in the article.
The actor was unhappy because the journalist wrote the wrong words.
She regretted having been persuaded to buy the expensive car.
She felt bad that someone convinced her to buy it.
He apologized for having been distracted during the lesson.
He said sorry because he wasn't paying attention earlier.
We were relieved at having been rescued from the storm.
We felt better because someone saved us.
The politician denied having been briefed on the security threat.
The politician said he was never given the information.
Having been warned about the risks, they decided to proceed anyway.
Because they were warned before, they knew the danger.
She was frustrated by having been overlooked for the lead role.
She was upset because they didn't consider her for the part.
The company was fined for having been found guilty of pollution.
The company had to pay money because they broke the law.
The CEO's resignation, having been prompted by the scandal, was inevitable.
The scandal caused the CEO to quit.
He spoke eloquently about having been marginalized by society for years.
He talked about his experience of being ignored by people.
The manuscript shows signs of having been edited by multiple authors.
It looks like many people changed the text in the past.
Not having been informed of the changes, the staff continued as usual.
Because no one told the staff, they didn't change anything.
The protagonist's existential dread stems from having been uprooted from his homeland.
His fear comes from being forced to leave his country.
The treaty was criticized for having been negotiated behind closed doors.
People didn't like that the deal was made in secret.
She attributed her success to having been mentored by the industry's finest.
She said she succeeded because great people taught her.
The ruins bear witness to the city having been besieged for over a decade.
The old buildings show that the city was under attack for a long time.
Fácil de confundir
Learners forget 'been', changing the meaning from passive to active.
Using 'being done' for past events.
Errores comunes
I like having helped.
I like having been helped.
He is happy about having not been invited.
He is happy about not having been invited.
She denied having being told.
She denied having been told.
I regret being told that yesterday.
I regret having been told that yesterday.
Patrones de oraciones
I am grateful for having been ___.
She denied having been ___ at the scene.
Real World Usage
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to lead that project.
The tenant complained about having been evicted without notice.
Tired of having been treated like an option when I made you a priority.
The data is unreliable due to the sensors having been calibrated incorrectly.
The patient reports having been diagnosed with asthma in childhood.
The claim was rejected due to the car having been left unlocked.
Piensa en 'Antes de eso'
After having been told the news, I reacted.
No confundas con Activo
having done). ¡Mantén tus antenas de pasiva bien arriba! Having been interviewed, he waited for the results.(No
Having interviewed)Combina con Preposiciones
After having been praised, he felt motivated.
Suena más Pulido
Having been extensively researched, the findings were conclusive.
Smart Tips
Replace 'I'm sorry that I was...' with 'I apologize for having been...'.
Check if the action is still happening. If it's 100% over, use 'having been'.
Always use 'having been' if the denial is about a specific past event.
Use a perfect passive gerund to delete 'that' and 'because'.
Pronunciación
The 'H' in Having
In rapid speech, the 'h' in 'having' is often dropped, sounding like 'avin'.
Reduction of 'Been'
The word 'been' is usually unstressed and sounds like 'bin'.
Stress on 'Not'
I'm angry about NOT having been told.
Emphasizes the lack of information.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
H.B.P. - Having Been Past. If it happened to you before, use these three for sure!
Asociación visual
Imagine a 'Past' stamp being pressed onto a 'Passive' envelope. The stamp is 'Having' and the envelope is 'Been + V3'.
Rhyme
To show the past was done to you, 'Having been' is what you do!
Story
A detective finds a note. It says 'I regret having been caught.' The detective knows the thief is talking about the past arrest, not the current one.
Word Web
Desafío
Write three sentences about your last job using 'having been'. Example: 'I enjoyed having been challenged by my boss.'
Notas culturales
British speakers use this form frequently in formal letters of complaint to maintain a polite but firm distance.
In US business, this form is used in performance reviews to highlight past achievements objectively.
Global academic English relies on this form to discuss historical theories that were later disproven.
The gerund evolved from Old English verbal nouns ending in -ung/-ing. The perfect and passive additions developed in Middle English as the language became more analytical.
Inicios de conversación
Have you ever regretted having been persuaded to do something?
How do you feel about having been raised in your hometown?
Can you mention a time you were proud of having been chosen for a task?
Temas para diario
Errores comunes
Test Yourself
She regretted ___ the important email.
Find and fix the mistake:
After being informed of the cancellation, he left.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella estaba feliz de haber sido elegida para el papel.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
Score: /4
Ejercicios de practica
8 exercisesHe was disappointed about not ___ to the wedding.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
He denied having being seen at the bank.
He was punished for ___.
The word 'not' comes after 'having' in the perfect passive gerund.
A: Why is she so happy? B: She's thrilled about ___ for the scholarship.
Identify the form:
Active: 'Having seen' -> Passive: ?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe new policy, ___ by the board, was implemented last week.
He was accused of stolen the company's data.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Después de haber sido despedido, él buscó un nuevo empleo.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Empareja los sujetos con la forma correcta:
She expressed relief at ___ a second chance.
She remembered being interviewed for the job a year ago.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella se quejaba de haber sido tratada injustamente.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Empareja los escenarios:
Score: /12
Preguntas frecuentes (8)
'Being done' is for current or general actions. 'Having been done' is for specific actions that are already finished.
Yes! For example: 'Having been warned, I was careful.' However, in that case, it is technically a 'Perfect Participle', not a gerund.
Yes, when followed by a past participle (V3), it is always passive.
'Been' is the passive marker. Without it, 'having told' means you told someone else.
It is less common in casual speech but very common in professional and academic English.
Yes, but 'there' is an adverb, so this is the perfect active form of 'to be'. For the passive gerund, you need a V3 like 'I regret not having been invited.'
It only works with transitive verbs (verbs that can have an object) because only transitive verbs can be passive.
You usually put it inside a question: 'Are you upset about having been ignored?'
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Haber sido + participio
English uses the -ing form after prepositions, while Spanish uses the infinitive.
Avoir été + participe passé
French requires 'de' or 'à' before the infinitive, similar to English prepositions.
[Partizip II] + worden zu sein
Word order is the primary struggle for learners moving between these two.
〜されたこと (sareta koto)
Japanese doesn't have a specific 'perfect' aspect in the same way; the past tense covers it.
كونه قد [verb]
Arabic grammar is root-based and doesn't use auxiliary 'having'.
被...过 (bèi...guò)
Chinese relies on word order and particles rather than verb conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
Pasado Perfecto: El Pasado 'Anterior' (had + done)
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