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B1 adjective #1,500 am häufigsten 13 Min. Lesezeit

初期の

shoki no Top 1,500

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At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Japanese. You know simple words for time, like 'asa' (morning) and 'kyou' (today). You also know 'hayai' (early/fast). The word 'shoki no' (初期の) is a bit difficult for A1, but it is good to know it means 'the first part' or 'early days'. Imagine you are talking about a new video game. The 'shoki no' part is the very beginning of the game. Or think about a baby. The baby is in the 'shoki no' stage of life. You use it with the particle 'no' to connect it to another noun. For example, 'shoki no moderu' means 'early model'. It is different from 'hayai'. You do not use 'shoki no' to say 'I wake up early'. You only use it for the first stage of something long. It is a very useful word when you want to talk about history or how things start. Even if you do not use it every day, you will hear it on TV or see it in books. Remember the kanji: 初 means 'first' and 期 means 'time'. Together, they mean 'first time' or 'beginning period'. Practice saying 'shoki no' with simple words you know, like 'shoki no hito' (the first people) or 'shoki no jidai' (early times). This will help you understand how Japanese people talk about time and history in a more detailed way.

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At the A2 level, you can talk about your daily life and simple past events. You are learning how to connect nouns using the particle 'no' (の). The word 'shoki no' (初期の) is a great word to add to your vocabulary. It means 'initial' or 'early stage'. You can use it to talk about the beginning of a story, a project, or a historical period. For example, if you are reading a manga, you can talk about the 'shoki no hanashi' (early stories). If you are learning about Japanese history, you will hear about the 'shoki no Edo jidai' (early Edo period). It is important to remember that 'shoki' is a noun, so you must use 'no' before the next noun. You cannot say 'shoki hon' (early book); you must say 'shoki no hon'. Also, remember the difference between 'shoki no' and 'saisho no' (最初の). 'Saisho no' means the very first one, like page one. 'Shoki no' means the early group or the early phase, like the first few chapters. Using 'shoki no' makes your Japanese sound more mature and accurate. You can also use it to talk about illnesses. If you catch a cold, the first few days are the 'shoki no shoujou' (early symptoms). By practicing this word, you will be able to explain things more clearly and understand news and articles much better.

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At the B1 level, you are becoming an independent user of Japanese. You can handle most situations and express your thoughts on abstract topics. '初期の' (shoki no) is a perfect B1 vocabulary word because it allows you to discuss processes, developments, and timelines with precision. It translates to 'initial,' 'early,' or 'formative.' At this stage, you should be comfortable using it in professional or academic contexts. For instance, when discussing a business plan, you can talk about '初期の段階' (shoki no dankai - the early stages) or '初期の目的' (shoki no mokuteki - the initial purpose). In the context of art or literature, you can discuss an artist's '初期の作品' (shoki no sakuhin - early works) and contrast them with their later works. It is crucial to distinguish '初期の' from '早期の' (souki no). While both mean 'early,' '早期' implies doing something sooner rather than later, like '早期発見' (early detection). '初期' simply describes the chronological first phase. You should also be aware of common compound nouns that drop the 'の', such as '初期設定' (shoki settei - default/initial settings) and '初期費用' (shoki hiyou - initial costs). Mastering '初期の' will significantly improve your ability to summarize historical events, explain the progression of a project, and understand news reports about technology and medicine.

At the B2 level, your Japanese is fluent and you can understand complex texts. Your use of '初期の' (shoki no) should be natural and nuanced. You understand that '初期' represents the foundational phase of a lifecycle, often implying a contrast with '中期' (chūki - middle period) and '後期' (kōki - late period). You can use this vocabulary to structure sophisticated arguments or historical analyses. For example, you might write an essay comparing the '初期のルネサンス' (early Renaissance) with its later developments. In technical fields, you confidently use terms like '初期不良' (shoki furyō - initial defect/failure out of the box) without needing the 'の' because you recognize it as a specialized compound noun. You also understand the subtle emotional or critical connotations of '初期の作品' (early works)—how it might imply rawness, experimentation, or a lack of refinement compared to an artist's mature phase. Furthermore, you can effortlessly switch between '初期の' (adjective phrase modifying a noun) and '初期に' (adverbial phrase modifying a verb), such as in '病気を初期に治療する' (to treat the disease in its early stages). Your grasp of these grammatical and contextual subtleties allows you to read Japanese newspapers, academic papers, and technical manuals with high comprehension, and to express yourself with the precision expected in professional environments.

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At the C1 level, you possess an advanced, near-native command of Japanese. Your application of '初期の' (shoki no) extends beyond standard usage into highly specialized and academic discourse. You are acutely aware of the etymological roots of the kanji—'初' (garment + knife, indicating the start of a process) and '期' (moon/time)—and how this underpins the word's structural meaning. You utilize '初期' in complex compound structures and specialized jargon across various disciplines. In astrophysics, you might discuss '宇宙の初期条件' (initial conditions of the universe). In evolutionary biology, you might read about '初期の人類' (early hominids). You perfectly navigate the semantic boundaries between '初期' (initial phase), '早期' (premature/prompt), '発足時' (time of inauguration), and '黎明期' (dawn/genesis of an era). You understand that while '初期' is objective and chronological, words like '黎明期' carry poetic and historical weight. You can also play with these terms rhetorically in writing or formal speeches. Your ability to comprehend abstract, theoretical texts that heavily rely on temporal structuring is flawless. You recognize when '初期' is used metaphorically to describe the nascent stages of abstract concepts, such as the '初期の資本主義' (early capitalism), and you can debate the characteristics of these phases using sophisticated, domain-specific vocabulary.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of Japanese is comprehensive, reflecting the linguistic intuition of a highly educated native speaker. Your use of '初期の' (shoki no) is flawless, automatic, and deeply integrated into your expansive vocabulary. You do not merely use the word; you understand its socio-linguistic implications and its role in shaping historical and critical narratives. In literary criticism, you can eloquently dissect the thematic shifts between an author's '初期' and '晩年' (late years), using '初期の' to anchor your analysis of their stylistic evolution. You are comfortable reading classical or pre-war texts where the usage of temporal markers might slightly differ from modern conventions, yet you easily contextualize '初期'. You can draft complex legal or corporate documents detailing '初期投資の回収' (recovery of initial investment) or '初期設定の脆弱性' (vulnerabilities in default configurations) with absolute precision. You seamlessly integrate '初期' with highly advanced vocabulary, creating nuanced phrases like '初期衝動' (initial impulse/urge, often used in art or psychology) or '初期化' (initialization/formatting in computing). At this level, '初期の' is merely one tool among thousands in your linguistic arsenal, but you wield it with exactitude, understanding that the precise articulation of time, phases, and beginnings is fundamental to high-level intellectual discourse in Japanese.

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初期の in 30 Sekunden

Means 'initial' or 'early' stage.
Always requires 'の' to modify nouns.
Used for timelines, not time of day.
Common in medical, tech, and history.

The Japanese word '初期の' (shoki no) is a highly versatile and essential adjective used to describe the initial, early, or beginning stages of a particular period, process, event, or condition. To fully grasp its meaning, it is crucial to break down the kanji characters that compose it. The first character, '初' (sho or hatsu), carries the fundamental meaning of 'first,' 'beginning,' or 'new.' Etymologically, this kanji is composed of the radical for 'garment' or 'clothing' on the left and 'knife' or 'sword' on the right, symbolizing the very first step in making clothes: cutting the fabric. The second character, '期' (ki), translates to 'period,' 'time,' 'term,' or 'phase.' It is composed of the radical for 'moon' or 'month,' which historically represented the passage of time, combined with a phonetic component. When these two characters are combined into '初期' (shoki), they literally mean 'the first period' or 'the beginning phase.' The addition of the particle 'の' (no) transforms this noun into a noun-modifier or an adjective, allowing it to directly describe subsequent nouns. Therefore, '初期の' translates most accurately to 'initial' or 'early' in English.

彼は初期のメンバーです。

Understanding the temporal scope of this word is vital for learners. Unlike words that describe the time of day, such as '早い' (hayai), which means early in the morning or early in terms of speed, '初期の' strictly refers to the chronological beginning of a span of time or a sequence of events. For instance, you would not use '初期の' to say you woke up early. Instead, you use it to describe the early days of a historical era, the initial symptoms of an illness, or the first generation of a technological product.

Temporal Scope: Refers exclusively to the beginning phase of a defined timeline, not to absolute time or speed.

In academic and formal contexts, this word is indispensable. Historians use it to delineate the first few decades of an era, such as '初期の江戸時代' (the early Edo period). In literature, it describes the formative works of an author, known as '初期の作品' (early works).

これはピカソの初期の作品です。

The nuance here is not just that the work was done a long time ago, but that it belongs to the foundational or developmental phase of the artist's career. This implies a contrast with their later, perhaps more mature, works (後期の作品 - kouki no sakuhin).

Contrastive Nature: Using this word often implicitly sets up a contrast with the middle (中期) or late (後期) stages.

Furthermore, in the realm of science and medicine, the precision of '初期の' is critical. When doctors speak of '初期の症状' (initial symptoms) or '初期のガン' (early-stage cancer), they are identifying a specific window of time where intervention is most effective.

病気を初期の段階で発見する。

In technology, '初期設定' (shoki settei) is a ubiquitous term meaning 'default settings' or 'initial configuration,' highlighting the state of a device before any user modifications have been made.

スマホを初期の状態に戻す。

Technological Context: Frequently used to describe the factory state or the first generation of hardware and software.

To master this vocabulary item, one must appreciate its role in structuring narratives of progress, evolution, and time. Whether discussing the origins of the universe (宇宙の初期), the founding members of an organization, or the preliminary stages of a project, '初期の' provides the linguistic framework necessary to articulate the concept of beginnings with clarity and formal elegance.

計画の初期の目的を忘れないでください。

Using '初期の' (shoki no) correctly in Japanese requires a solid understanding of Japanese grammar, specifically the rules governing noun modification. As established, '初期' is a noun meaning 'early period' or 'initial stage.' In Japanese, when you want one noun to describe or modify another noun, you must connect them using the possessive or descriptive particle 'の' (no). Therefore, the structure is always '初期' + 'の' + [Target Noun]. This structure is rigid and fundamental to sounding natural.

これは初期のモデルです。

If you omit the 'の' when it is grammatically required, the sentence will sound broken or overly colloquial, except in specific compound nouns where the two words have fused into a single lexical item, such as '初期設定' (initial settings) or '初期費用' (initial costs).

Grammar Rule: Always use 'の' when modifying a standalone noun. Omit 'の' only in established compound nouns (熟語).

Let us explore the types of nouns that '初期の' typically modifies. It is most commonly paired with nouns that imply a process, a timeline, a development, or a creation. For example, '段階' (dankai - stage/phase), '症状' (shoujou - symptoms), '作品' (sakuhin - works of art/literature), '時代' (jidai - era/period), and '状態' (joutai - condition/state).

プロジェクトはまだ初期の段階にある。

In this sentence, '初期の段階' (early stage) clearly indicates that the project has just begun and has a long way to go. This phrasing is extremely common in business Japanese and formal reports.

Business Usage: Highly preferred in professional settings to describe the status of projects, investments, and planning.

Another critical aspect of using '初期の' is understanding its position in a sentence. Because it acts as an adjective phrase, it must directly precede the noun it modifies. You cannot place it at the end of a sentence like an i-adjective or na-adjective without restructuring the sentence. For example, you cannot say 'このモデルは初期のだ' (Kono moderu wa shoki no da) in formal writing, though it might be understood in casual speech as a truncation of '初期のもの' (an early one). Instead, you should say 'これは初期のモデルだ' (Kore wa shoki no moderu da).

その作家の初期の小説を読んだ。

Furthermore, '初期の' can be used to contrast with other temporal adjectives. When structuring an argument or a historical overview, you might use '初期の' in the first clause and '後期の' (kouki no - later) in the second clause to highlight evolution or change.

初期のデザインはシンプルだったが、今は複雑だ。

It is also important to note that '初期' can be used with the particle 'に' (ni) to indicate the time when an action occurred: '初期に' (in the early stages). For example, '初期に発見する' (to discover in the early stages). However, the focus of this lesson is '初期の', which specifically modifies nouns. Mastering the distinction between '初期の' (modifying nouns) and '初期に' (modifying verbs) is a hallmark of B1-level proficiency.

Particle Distinction: Use 'の' for nouns (初期の症状). Use 'に' for verbs (初期に治療する).

ルネサンス初期の建築様式。

By consistently applying these grammatical rules and understanding the appropriate contexts, learners can significantly elevate the sophistication of their spoken and written Japanese.

The phrase '初期の' (shoki no) is ubiquitous in Japanese society, appearing across a wide spectrum of contexts ranging from daily conversation to highly specialized professional fields. Because it elegantly conveys the concept of an 'initial phase,' it is a preferred term in any domain that involves progression, history, or development. One of the most common places you will encounter this word is in the medical field. Health awareness is a significant part of Japanese culture, and public health campaigns frequently emphasize the importance of early detection.

風邪の初期の症状に気をつける。

In hospitals, clinics, and medical literature, terms like '初期のガン' (early-stage cancer) or '初期の認知症' (early-stage dementia) are standard terminology. The use of '初期の' in this context is not just descriptive; it carries a sense of urgency and hope, implying that because the condition is in its early stages, it is more likely to be treatable.

Medical Context: Crucial for discussing disease progression, symptoms, and the timing of medical interventions.

Another major domain where '初期の' is frequently heard is in technology and consumer electronics. Japan is a global hub for technological innovation, and discussions about hardware and software lifecycles naturally utilize this vocabulary. When a new smartphone, computer, or software application is released, tech reviewers and consumers often discuss the '初期のモデル' (early models) or '初期のバージョン' (initial versions).

このアプリの初期のバージョンにはバグが多かった。

Furthermore, anyone who has ever set up a digital device in Japanese has encountered the concept of '初期設定' (shoki settei - initial settings/factory reset). While this is a compound noun without the 'の', the underlying concept of '初期' is the same.

Technology & IT: Used to describe hardware generations, software versions, and system configurations.

In the realms of art, literature, and music, '初期の' is the standard way to categorize an artist's creative output. Critics, fans, and historians use it to distinguish the formative years of a creator's career from their later, more established periods.

ビートルズの初期のアルバムが好きです。

This usage often carries a connotation of raw energy, experimentation, or unrefined talent that fans might prefer over polished, later works. You will hear this in museums, read it in exhibition catalogs, and see it in music reviews.

モーツァルトの初期の交響曲。

Finally, in business and project management, '初期の' is a staple of professional communication. When planning a new venture, business professionals discuss '初期投資' (initial investment), '初期費用' (initial costs), and '初期の計画' (the initial plan).

Business Planning: Essential for discussing budgets, timelines, and the foundational stages of corporate projects.

ビジネスの初期の段階では資金が重要だ。

Whether you are reading a historical text about the early Meiji period, listening to a doctor explain a diagnosis, or attending a corporate meeting about a new product launch, '初期の' is a word that provides essential temporal context, making it a critical vocabulary item for anyone aiming for fluency in Japanese.

While '初期の' (shoki no) is a straightforward concept, learners of Japanese frequently make several specific mistakes when trying to incorporate it into their vocabulary. The most prominent error stems from a misunderstanding of its temporal application. Many beginners confuse '初期の' with words that mean 'early in the day' or 'early in time/speed,' such as '早い' (hayai) or '早く' (hayaku).

誤：初期の朝に起きた。(Incorrect)

You cannot use '初期の' to say 'early morning' or 'I arrived early.' '初期' specifically refers to the first phase of a defined period, era, or process, not to the hands on a clock. The correct way to say 'early morning' is '早朝' (souchou) or simply '朝早く' (asa hayaku).

Mistake 1: Time of Day: Never use '初期の' to describe waking up early, arriving early, or the early hours of the day.

Another common mistake is confusing '初期の' (initial/early phase) with '最初の' (saisho no - the very first). While they overlap in meaning, they are not always interchangeable. '最初の' refers to the absolute number one item in a sequence, whereas '初期の' refers to a broader initial period that might encompass several items or events.

誤：彼が私の初期の彼氏です。(Incorrect/Unnatural)

To say 'my first boyfriend,' you must use '最初の彼氏' (saisho no kareshi) or '初めての彼氏' (hajimete no kareshi). Saying '初期の彼氏' sounds highly clinical and bizarre, as if you are categorizing your romantic history into historical eras (e.g., 'the early boyfriend period').

Mistake 2: Absolute First: Do not use '初期の' when you mean the absolute first item in a simple sequence. Use '最初の'.

正：これは人類初期の道具です。(Correct)

Grammatically, learners often forget the particle 'の' when modifying a noun. As emphasized in the usage section, '初期' is a noun. Saying '初期段階' (shoki dankai) is acceptable because it has become a fixed compound word, but saying '初期作品' without the 'の' can sometimes sound slightly less elegant than '初期の作品', though both are understood. However, with less common pairings, omitting 'の' is a clear grammatical error.

Mistake 3: Dropping the Particle: Forgetting the 'の' when connecting '初期' to a standard noun makes the sentence grammatically incorrect.

誤：宇宙初期状態。(Incorrect)

正：宇宙の初期の状態。(Correct)

By being mindful of these common pitfalls—distinguishing between time of day and phases of a period, knowing the difference between 'first' and 'early phase,' and strictly adhering to the noun-modifier grammar rules—learners can confidently and accurately utilize '初期の' in their Japanese communication.

The Japanese language is rich in vocabulary related to time, beginnings, and phases. Consequently, '初期の' (shoki no) has several synonyms and related terms that learners must learn to differentiate. Understanding these nuances is key to achieving a high level of fluency and precision in expression. One of the most closely related words is '最初の' (saisho no), which translates to 'the first' or 'the very beginning.'

最初のページを開いてください。

While '初期の' refers to a period or a phase (e.g., the first few years, the first few models), '最初の' points to the absolute singular starting point or the number one item in a series. You would say '最初のページ' (the first page), not '初期のページ'.

最初の (Saisho no): Means 'the first' (singular item or absolute start). Contrast with '初期の' which means 'early phase' (a span of time).

Another important related term is '早期の' (souki no). This word shares the kanji '期' (period) but uses '早' (early/fast) instead of '初' (beginning). '早期' translates to 'early stage' but carries a strong nuance of 'premature,' 'prompt,' or 'earlier than expected/usual.'

ガンの早期発見が鍵だ。

While you can say '初期のガン' (cancer in its initial phase), '早期発見' (early detection) emphasizes finding it *promptly* before it gets worse. '早期退職' (early retirement) uses '早期' because it happens earlier than the standard retirement age; you would never say '初期退職'.

早期の (Souki no): Emphasizes promptness, speed, or occurring earlier than a standard timeline.

We must also consider '昔の' (mukashi no), which means 'old,' 'from the past,' or 'ancient.'

これは昔のカメラです。

'昔の' simply denotes that something belongs to the past. '初期の', on the other hand, specifies that something belongs to the *beginning phase* of a specific timeline. An 'early model' of a digital camera (初期のデジカメ) is relatively recent in human history but is 'early' in the timeline of digital cameras. '昔の' lacks this specific structural nuance.

昔の (Mukashi no): Broadly means 'from the past.' Lacks the specific 'phase' implication of '初期'.

Finally, '前半の' (zenhan no) means 'the first half of.' This is used when a period is strictly divided into two halves (first half / second half).

試合の前半は調子が良かった。

'初期' usually refers to a smaller fraction at the very beginning, whereas '前半' covers a full 50% of the timeline.

映画の前半は退屈だった。

By mastering the distinctions between '初期の' (early phase), '最初の' (the absolute first), '早期の' (prompt/premature), '昔の' (from the past), and '前半の' (the first half), learners can navigate complex temporal descriptions with native-like accuracy.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Noun modification with の (N1 の N2)

Contrasting clauses (Aは〜が、Bは〜)

Expressing states with 〜にある (段階にある)

Nominalization with こと (初期の段階で気づくこと)

Time expressions and periodization

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Beispiele nach Niveau

これは初期のゲームです。

This is an early game.

Noun + の + Noun.

初期のテストは簡単でした。

The initial test was easy.

Subject marker は.

初期の車は遅かった。

Early cars were slow.

Past tense adjective (遅かった).

それは初期のモデルですか？

Is that an early model?

Question particle か.

初期のパソコンは大きいです。

Early computers are big.

Adjective (大きい).

初期のメンバーは３人です。

The initial members are 3 people.

Counter for people (人).

初期の計画を見ます。

I will look at the initial plan.

Object particle を.

初期のころは楽しかった。

The early days were fun.

ころ means 'time' or 'days'.

この病気は初期の症状がありません。

This disease has no initial symptoms.

Negative verb (ありません).

初期の作品は美術館にあります。

The early works are in the museum.

Location particle に + あります.

スマホを初期の状態に戻す。

Return the smartphone to its initial state.

Verb 戻す (to return something).

初期の段階で気づくことが大切です。

It is important to notice at an early stage.

Verb dictionary form + ことが大切です.

彼はバンドの初期のメンバーでした。

He was an early member of the band.

Past tense noun (でした).

初期の費用はいくらですか？

How much is the initial cost?

Question word いくら (how much).

初期の江戸時代について勉強します。

I will study about the early Edo period.

〜について (about).

これは初期のデザインより良いです。

This is better than the initial design.

Comparison particle より.

プロジェクトはまだ初期の段階にあります。

The project is still in its initial stages.

段階 (stage) + にあります (exists in).

初期の目的を忘れないようにしましょう。

Let's try not to forget our initial purpose.

〜ないようにしましょう (let's try not to).

初期のガンは治療しやすいと言われています。

It is said that early-stage cancer is easy to treat.

Verb stem + やすい (easy to do).

その作家の初期の小説は非常に暗い。

That author's early novels are extremely dark.

Adverb 非常に (extremely).

初期設定を変更するには、ここをクリックしてください。

To change the initial settings, please click here.

Verb dictionary form + には (in order to).

宇宙の初期の状態を研究する学問です。

It is a study that researches the initial state of the universe.

Noun modifying another noun with a verb phrase.

初期の投資を回収するのに３年かかった。

It took 3 years to recover the initial investment.

Verb dictionary form + のに (in order to / for the purpose of) + time + かかる.

これは初期のバージョンなので、バグが多いかもしれません。

Because this is an early version, there might be many bugs.

〜かもしれません (might be).

初期の構想から大幅に計画が変更された。

The plan was significantly changed from the initial concept.

Passive voice (変更された).

この機械は初期不良が多いことで知られている。

This machine is known for having many initial defects.

〜ことで知られている (is known for).

人類の初期の歴史は謎に包まれている。

The early history of humanity is shrouded in mystery.

〜に包まれている (is shrouded/wrapped in).

初期の段階で問題を特定できれば、被害は最小限に抑えられる。

If we can identify the problem at an early stage, the damage can be kept to a minimum.

Conditional ば form + Potential passive (抑えられる).

彼の音楽スタイルは、初期の作品と現在の作品で全く異なる。

His musical style is completely different between his early works and his current works.

Noun と Noun で (between A and B).

システムの初期化を行うと、すべてのデータが消去されます。

If you perform system initialization, all data will be erased.

Conditional と (if/when).

初期のルネサンス美術における遠近法の発展。

The development of perspective in early Renaissance art.

〜における (in / regarding - formal).

スタートアップ企業にとって、初期の資金調達は死活問題だ。

For a startup company, initial fundraising is a matter of life and death.

〜にとって (for / from the perspective of).

初期の資本主義社会における労働環境の劣悪さは筆舌に尽くしがたい。

The poor working conditions in early capitalist society are hard to describe in words.

〜に尽くしがたい (hard to exhaust/describe).

疾患の初期症状を見逃すことは、致命的な結果を招きかねない。

Overlooking the initial symptoms of the disease could lead to fatal consequences.

Verb stem + かねない (might happen / fear that it will).

当該プロジェクトは初期の想定を遥かに超える規模に膨れ上がった。

The project in question swelled to a scale far exceeding initial assumptions.

遥かに超える (far exceeding).

初期の仏教経典には、後世のような複雑な教理体系はまだ見られない。

In early Buddhist scriptures, the complex doctrinal systems of later generations are not yet seen.

後世のような (like later generations).

地球の初期大気は、現在とは全く異なる組成であったと推測される。

It is presumed that the Earth's early atmosphere had a completely different composition from the present.

〜と推測される (it is presumed that).

彼の初期の論文には、後の大発見につながる萌芽がすでに存在していた。

In his early papers, the seeds that would lead to his later great discoveries already existed.

萌芽 (sprout/seeds of something).

初期設定の脆弱性を突いたサイバー攻撃が多発している。

Cyberattacks exploiting vulnerabilities in default settings are occurring frequently.

〜を突いた (exploiting / striking at).

新政権の初期の対応の遅れが、その後の支持率低下の決定的な要因となった。

The delay in the new administration's initial response became the decisive factor in the subsequent decline in approval ratings.

決定的な要因 (decisive factor).

言語習得の初期段階における音声学的入力の重要性は、数々の実証研究によって裏付けられている。

The importance of phonetic input in the initial stages of language acquisition is supported by numerous empirical studies.

〜によって裏付けられている (supported by).

初期マルクス主義の疎外論は、現代の労働問題にも通底する普遍的な洞察を含んでいる。

The theory of alienation in early Marxism contains universal insights that underlie modern labor issues as well.

通底する (underlie / have a common basis).

宇宙創成の初期条件を記述する量子重力理論の構築は、現代物理学の最大の急務である。

Constructing a theory of quantum gravity that describes the initial conditions of the creation of the universe is the greatest urgent task of modern physics.

最大の急務 (greatest urgent task).

その作家の初期衝動は、社会の不条理に対する激しい憤りであったと推察される。

It is inferred that the author's initial impulse was a fierce indignation against the absurdity of society.

初期衝動 (initial impulse/urge).

初期化プロセス中に電源を切断すると、回復不能なシステム障害を引き起こす恐れがある。

Interrupting the power supply during the initialization process may cause an unrecoverable system failure.

〜する恐れがある (there is a fear/risk that).

初期の近代国家形成期において、中央集権化と地方分権の相克は避けられない歴史的必然であった。

In the early formative period of modern states, the conflict between centralization and decentralization was an unavoidable historical necessity.

歴史的必然 (historical necessity).

初期の認知症スクリーニングにおいて、バイオマーカーの活用が臨床的有用性を示しつつある。

In early dementia screening, the utilization of biomarkers is beginning to show clinical usefulness.

〜しつつある (is in the process of doing).

初期投資の莫大さが参入障壁となり、結果として寡占市場が形成されるに至った。

The enormity of the initial investment became a barrier to entry, resulting in the formation of an oligopolistic market.

〜に至った (led to the result of).

Häufige Kollokationen

初期の段階

初期の症状

初期の作品

初期の目的

初期のモデル

初期の状態

初期のころ

初期のメンバー

初期の時代

初期の計画

Häufige Phrasen

初期の段階で

初期のころは

初期の症状が現れる

初期の目的を達成する

初期の状態に戻す

初期のメンバーが集まる

初期の作品を読む

初期のモデルを比較する

初期の計画を変更する

初期の投資を回収する

Wird oft verwechselt mit

初期の vs 最初の (saisho no - the absolute first)

初期の vs 早期の (souki no - early/premature/prompt)

初期の vs 昔の (mukashi no - old/from the past)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"初期不良"

"初期設定"

"初期費用"

"初期化"

"初期衝動"

"初期微動"

"初期消火"

"初期投資"

"初期値"

"初期症状"

Leicht verwechselbar

初期の vs

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

nuance

Implies a structured timeline. It sounds intelligent and analytical.

colloquialisms

'初期メン' (shoki men) is slang for 'initial members' of an idol group or band.

Häufige Fehler

Using '初期の' to mean 'early in the morning' (e.g., 初期の朝). Correct: 早朝 / 朝早く.
Using '初期の' to mean 'the absolute first one' (e.g., 初期のページ). Correct: 最初のページ.
Forgetting the particle 'の' when modifying standard nouns (e.g., 初期状態 instead of 初期の状態, though some compounds allow it, it's safer for learners to use の).
Confusing it with '早期' when emphasizing prompt action (e.g., 初期の発見 instead of 早期発見).
Using it to describe arriving early to an appointment (e.g., 初期に着いた). Correct: 早く着いた.

Tipps

Don't Forget 'の'

Always treat '初期' as a noun. When connecting it to another noun to say 'early [noun]', the 'の' is the glue. '初期段階' is an exception because it's a compound word, but '初期の段階' is also perfectly correct and often sounds more elegant in speech.

Not for Clocks

Never use '初期' when looking at a clock or a calendar to say you are early. If you arrive at a party early, you are '早い' (hayai), not '初期'. Reserve '初期' for phases, eras, and lifecycles.

The Timeline Trio

Memorize the trio: 初期 (early period), 中期 (middle period), and 後期 (late period). Using these three together in an essay or presentation shows a high level of B1/B2 proficiency and structural thinking.

Business Essential

In business meetings, using '初期の段階' (early stage) or '初期の計画' (initial plan) makes you sound professional. It shows you understand project management timelines in a Japanese corporate context.

Tech Compound Words

If you work in IT or just use a Japanese smartphone, memorize '初期設定' (default settings) and '初期化' (initialization/factory reset). These are everyday words in the digital age.

Artistic Eras

When talking about your favorite authors, painters, or musicians, use '初期の作品' (early works). It shows a deep appreciation for their artistic evolution and is a great conversation starter with Japanese art fans.

Health Awareness

Pay attention to '初期の症状' (initial symptoms) on Japanese medicine boxes or health posters. Recognizing this phrase is not just good for your vocabulary, but good for your health while living in Japan.

Casual Shortening

Young people and pop culture fans often shorten '初期のメンバー' (initial members of an idol group) to '初期メン' (shoki men). It's fun slang to know, but don't use it in a business meeting!

Kanji Breakdown

To remember the kanji, think of 初 (beginning) as cutting (刀) cloth (衤) to start making clothes. Think of 期 (period) as the moon (月) measuring time. 'First time period'.

初期 vs 早期

Remember that '早期' (souki) implies speed or doing something prematurely (early retirement, early detection). '初期' (shoki) is just a factual statement about the chronological beginning phase.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Show (初) the Key (期) at the beginning of the door to enter the INITIAL stage.

Wortherkunft

Sino-Japanese (On'yomi)

Kultureller Kontext

Carries a tone of objective analysis. It is less emotional than '昔' (long ago) and more precise.

Neutral/Formal. Highly appropriate for business, academic, and medical settings.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"最近、風邪の初期の症状がありますか？ (Have you had any initial cold symptoms recently?)"

"このバンドの初期の曲を知っていますか？ (Do you know this band's early songs?)"

"プロジェクトはまだ初期の段階ですか？ (Is the project still in the early stages?)"

"スマホの初期設定は自分でやりましたか？ (Did you do the smartphone initial setup yourself?)"

"初期のころの思い出を教えてください。 (Please tell me memories from the early days.)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Write about the 'early stages' (初期の段階) of learning Japanese.

Describe the 'initial purpose' (初期の目的) of a goal you set this year.

Compare an artist's 'early works' (初期の作品) with their recent ones.

Write about a time you caught a problem in its 'early stage' (初期の段階).

Explain the 'default settings' (初期設定) of your ideal morning routine.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, you cannot. '初期の' refers to the initial phase of a period or process, not the time of day. To say 'early morning', use '早朝' (souchou) or '朝早く' (asa hayaku). Using '初期の朝' sounds nonsensical to a native speaker.

'最初の' means 'the very first' item in a sequence (like page 1, or the first person in line). '初期の' refers to an 'early phase' or 'initial period' which can encompass multiple items or a span of time (like the first few chapters, or the early members of a club).

When modifying a standalone noun, yes, 'の' is strictly required (e.g., 初期の段階). However, in established compound nouns (熟語), the 'の' is omitted (e.g., 初期設定 - default settings, 初期費用 - initial costs).

It is a neutral term but leans towards formal and analytical. It is perfectly appropriate for business, academic, and medical settings. In casual conversation, people might use it to talk about 'early models' of phones or 'early songs' of a band.

The direct opposite of '初期' (shoki) is '後期' (kouki), which means 'late period' or 'late stage'. You can also use '末期' (makki) for the 'final/terminal stage', especially in medical contexts like cancer.

Yes, by using the particle 'に' instead of 'の'. '初期に' means 'in the early stages' and modifies verbs. For example, '初期に発見する' means 'to discover in the early stages'.

'初期設定' (shoki settei) translates to 'initial settings' or 'default settings'. It is heavily used in technology to describe the factory state of a device or software before the user makes any changes.

Yes, but usually in the context of a group or organization. You can say '初期のメンバー' (initial members) of a band or company. You would not use it to describe a person's age (like 'an early child').

Extensively. It is crucial for describing the progression of diseases. '初期の症状' (initial symptoms) and '初期のガン' (early-stage cancer) are standard medical terms in Japan.

It is Atamadaka (head-high). The pitch starts high on 'sho' and drops immediately, staying low for 'ki' and 'no': しょꜜきの. Pronouncing it flat will sound unnatural.

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writing

Translate: 'This is an early model.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

初期の (early) + モデル (model).