Verbos de Reporte: ¿Quién Dijo Qué?
profundidad, matices y hacer tus historias más vivas y precisas al contar lo que otros dijeron.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use passive reporting to talk about general beliefs or news without naming a specific person as the source.
- Use 'It + is + said + that' for general statements like 'It is said that he is rich.'
- Use 'Subject + is + thought + to' for specific focus like 'He is thought to be rich.'
- Common verbs include: say, think, believe, consider, report, know, and expect.
Overview
admit, suggest, claim o warn para añadir matices de significado.to-infinitive, otras veces un gerundio (-ing), y en otras ocasiones una cláusula con that.promised to help.suggested helping. En español, tendemos a usar 'prometió ayudar' o 'sugirió ayudar', pero en inglés, la estructura debe ser gramaticalmente precisa respecto al verbo elegido.said, explained o argued), el tiempo de la oración subordinada debe 'retroceder' hacia el pasado. Por ejemplo: 'She said she was tired' (Ella dijo que estaba cansada).It is believed that... (Se cree que...), algo muy común en noticias o artículos académicos. Esto es equivalente a nuestra voz pasiva refleja con 'se' impersonal, pero con una estructura fija que debes memorizar.He admitted that he was wrong. | Verbo + que + oración |She told me to go. | Verbo + objeto + infinitivo |He offered to help. | Verbo + infinitivo |She suggested going out. | Verbo + sustantivo/infinitivo |- 1Resumen de eventos: Cuando cuentas lo que pasó en una reunión o una fiesta. 'My boss announced that we would have a meeting'. Aquí,
announcedle da un tono formal que 'said' no tiene. - 2Clarificación de intenciones: Cuando alguien te pide algo y quieres ser específico. Si un amigo te dice 'You should study', puedes decir 'He advised me to study'. Es mucho más preciso que decir 'He told me to study'.
- 3Contextos formales y académicos: En la universidad o en el trabajo, usamos estructuras como
It is reported that...para sonar objetivos. Es como decir 'Se reporta que...' en español, pero manteniendo la estructura pasiva del inglés.
- 1El error de 'tell' vs 'say': Muchos hispanohablantes dicen
He said me...porque en español decimos 'Él me dijo'. En inglés,sayno admite objeto directo de persona directamente. Debes usarHe told meoHe said to me. - 2La omisión del objeto: Con verbos como
remindoadvise, los estudiantes olvidan poner a la persona. En español decimos 'Me recordó comprar leche', pero en inglés es obligatorio:He reminded me to buy milk. Si omites el 'me', la oración pierde su sentido lógico. - 3Uso incorrecto del infinitivo tras 'suggest': Es muy común escuchar
He suggested me to go. ¡Ojo!Suggestno sigue el patrón detell. La forma correcta esHe suggested goingoHe suggested that I go.
He suggested going | Sugirió ir | El inglés usa gerundio, el español infinitivo |He told me to go | Me dijo que fuera | El inglés usa infinitivo, el español subjuntivo |- 1¿Es obligatorio usar 'that' después de los verbos de reporte? No, es opcional. Puedes decir
He said he was happyoHe said that he was happy. En contextos informales, es mejor omitirlo para sonar más natural. - 2¿Por qué a veces uso el infinitivo y otras el gerundio? Depende del verbo. Verbos como
offerorefusesiempre llevan infinitivo (to-inf). Verbos comosuggestodenysiempre llevan gerundio (-ing). Es una cuestión de memorización de patrones. - 3¿Puedo usar el subjuntivo en inglés como en español? El inglés tiene un 'subjuntivo' muy limitado. En estructuras con
suggestopropose, a veces verásHe suggested that she go(sin la 's' de la tercera persona). Es un uso formal, pero no te preocupes demasiado por él en el nivel B1.
Common Reporting Verbs in the Passive
| Verb | It-Structure (Present) | Subject-Structure (Present) | Past Meaning (Subject-Structure) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Say
|
It is said that...
|
He is said to be...
|
He is said to have been...
|
|
Think
|
It is thought that...
|
He is thought to be...
|
He is thought to have been...
|
|
Believe
|
It is believed that...
|
He is believed to be...
|
He is believed to have been...
|
|
Know
|
It is known that...
|
He is known to be...
|
He is known to have been...
|
|
Report
|
It is reported that...
|
He is reported to be...
|
He is reported to have been...
|
|
Expect
|
It is expected that...
|
He is expected to be...
|
He is expected to have been...
|
Meanings
A formal way to report what people generally say, think, or believe without identifying the specific speakers.
General Belief
Reporting a widely held opinion or fact using 'It is said that...'
“It is thought that the earth was once much hotter.”
“It is known that smoking causes cancer.”
Specific Subject Focus
Starting the sentence with the person or thing being talked about.
“She is said to be the best doctor in town.”
“The thief is believed to have escaped through the window.”
Rumors and Allegations
Reporting something that hasn't been proven yet, often in legal or journalistic contexts.
“He is alleged to have stolen the car.”
“The suspect is reported to be hiding in the forest.”
Reference Table
| Verbo para Reportar | Patrón | Ejemplo (Activa) | Ejemplo (Pasiva) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Admit
|
that-clause / V-ing
|
She admitted that she made a mistake.
|
It was admitted that a mistake was made.
|
|
Advise
|
object + to-infinitive
|
He advised me to save money.
|
I was advised to save money.
|
|
Announce
|
that-clause
|
They announced that tickets were sold out.
|
It was announced that tickets were sold out.
|
|
Apologize
|
for + V-ing
|
He apologized for being late.
|
An apology was made for the delay.
|
|
Claim
|
that-clause
|
She claimed that she saw a ghost.
|
It is claimed that ghosts exist.
|
|
Deny
|
V-ing
|
He denied stealing the car.
|
The theft was denied by him.
|
|
Insist
|
on + V-ing / that-clause
|
She insisted on paying.
|
It was insisted that she pay.
|
|
Order
|
object + to-infinitive / that-clause
|
The teacher ordered us to sit down.
|
We were ordered to sit down.
|
|
Promise
|
to-infinitive / that-clause
|
They promised to help us.
|
It was promised that they would help.
|
|
Suggest
|
V-ing / that-clause
|
I suggested going for a walk.
|
It was suggested that we go for a walk.
|
Espectro de formalidad
He is considered to be a genius. (Academic or social evaluation)
It is thought that he is a genius. (Academic or social evaluation)
Everyone thinks he's a genius. (Academic or social evaluation)
People say he's got a massive brain. (Academic or social evaluation)
Verbos para Reportar: Desvelando Matices
Propósito
- Actitud Mostrar emoción/intención
- Resumir Condensar el discurso original
- Evitar Repetición Variar vocabulario
Patrones Comunes
- That-clause Verbo + (that) + S + V
- To-infinitive Verbo + (Objeto) + to + V
- Gerundio Verbo + V-ing
Formas Pasivas
- Se dice que Creencia/reporte general
- Se cree que él Sujeto + verbo pasivo + to-V
Ejemplos de Verbos
- Suggest Recomendación
- Admit Confesión
- Demand Petición fuerte
- Warn Advertencia
Verbos para Reportar: Estructuras de un Vistazo
Eligiendo el Verbo y la Estructura Correcta para Reportar
¿Necesitas reportar lo que alguien dijo?
¿Quieres transmitir actitud, emoción o intención?
¿Es el discurso original una afirmación, petición o pregunta?
¿Tu verbo elegido requiere 'that', 'to-infinitive' o 'gerundio'?
¿El evento original ocurrió en el pasado?
¿La fuente es desconocida o general (contexto formal)?
Verbos para Reportar en Contextos Modernos
Mensajes/DM
- • Said (that)
- • Asked if
- • Replied that
- • Admitted
- • Complained
Reuniones/Clases Online
- • Announced that
- • Explained that
- • Reminded us to
- • Suggested reviewing
- • Ordered them to
Redes Sociales (Leyendas)
- • Claimed that
- • Boasted about
- • Wondered if
- • Shared that
- • Posted that
Gaming/Chat de Voz
- • Shouted that
- • Warned us to
- • Suggested waiting
- • Agreed to
- • Ordered to attack
Ejemplos por nivel
People say he is a good teacher.
People say he is a good teacher.
They think the movie is funny.
They think the movie is funny.
Everyone knows her name.
Everyone knows her name.
I believe you are right.
I believe you are right.
It is said that the food here is great.
It is said that the food here is great.
It is known that he is very rich.
It is known that he is very rich.
People believe the story is true.
People believe the story is true.
It is thought that the cat is lost.
It is thought that the cat is lost.
It is believed that the strike will end soon.
It is believed that the strike will end soon.
The painting is thought to be a fake.
The painting is thought to be a fake.
He is said to live in a huge mansion.
He is said to live in a huge mansion.
It is expected that the team will win.
It is expected that the team will win.
The CEO is reported to have resigned yesterday.
The CEO is reported to have resigned yesterday.
It is widely considered that his work is revolutionary.
It is widely considered that his work is revolutionary.
The suspect is alleged to have stolen the jewels.
The suspect is alleged to have stolen the jewels.
The virus is known to spread through the air.
The virus is known to spread through the air.
The manuscript is reputed to have been written by Dickens.
The manuscript is reputed to have been written by Dickens.
It is understood that negotiations are at a delicate stage.
It is understood that negotiations are at a delicate stage.
He is thought to have been working for the government for years.
He is thought to have been working for the government for years.
The company is estimated to be worth over ten billion dollars.
The company is estimated to be worth over ten billion dollars.
The artifact is purportedly to have originated from the Ming Dynasty.
The artifact is purportedly to have originated from the Ming Dynasty.
It is contended by some scholars that the text is a later addition.
It is contended by some scholars that the text is a later addition.
The defendant is claimed to have been being coerced at the time of the crime.
The defendant is claimed to have been being coerced at the time of the crime.
The policy is widely acknowledged to have been a failure.
The policy is widely acknowledged to have been a failure.
Fácil de confundir
Learners think every passive sentence needs 'by someone'.
Mixing 'He said that...' with 'He is said to...'.
Using 'that' after a person-subject.
Errores comunes
People says he is good.
People say he is good.
Is said that he is rich.
It is said that he is rich.
He is said that he lives in London.
He is said to live in London.
It is believed to be true.
It is believed that it is true.
He is thought to be a thief last year.
He is thought to have been a thief last year.
He is alleged to steal the money yesterday.
He is alleged to have stolen the money yesterday.
Patrones de oraciones
It is ___ that ___.
The ___ is thought to be ___.
He is said to have ___.
It is widely ___ that ___.
Real World Usage
The suspect is believed to be heading south.
It is generally accepted that the data is accurate.
It is rumored that the boss is quitting.
I am known to be a very hard worker.
This temple is thought to have been built in 500 BC.
The defendant is alleged to have committed fraud.
Escucha los Matices
Does it tell you if the speaker was happy, angry, or just neutral?
¡No Mezcles los Patrones!
Piensa en la 'Intención'
Were they advising, complaining, promising?
El Contexto lo es Todo
Choose your verb for your audience!
Smart Tips
Replace 'I think' with 'It is often argued that' or 'It is generally believed that'.
Always look for the 'to'. If there is no 'to', the sentence is likely wrong.
Use 'It is rumored that...'. It completely removes you from the gossip.
Remember: 'to have' is your time machine. Use it to go back in time.
Pronunciación
Weak 'to'
In the structure 'is said to be', the word 'to' is usually reduced to a schwa /tə/.
Linking 'is'
The 'is' often links to the following past participle.
Reporting Stress
It is SAID that he is RICH.
Stress the reporting verb and the key information at the end.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Remember 'IT THAT' or 'SUBJECT TO'. It's either 'It... that' or 'Subject... to'.
Asociación visual
Imagine a news anchor behind a desk. They don't say 'My friend told me'; they say 'It is reported that...'. The desk is the 'It is' structure—it's formal and hides the person.
Rhyme
When 'It' is the start, 'that' plays the part. When the Subject is first, 'to' quenches the thirst.
Story
A detective is investigating a crime. He doesn't know who the witness is, so he writes in his notebook: 'The suspect is thought to have fled.' He uses this to sound professional and avoid blaming a specific person for the rumor.
Word Web
Desafío
Look at a news headline today. Try to rewrite it using 'It is said that...' or 'The [Subject] is said to...'.
Notas culturales
British news (like the BBC) uses these structures very frequently to maintain a 'neutral' and 'unbiased' tone.
In Western universities, using 'I think' in an essay is often discouraged. Students are taught to use 'It is argued that...' or 'It is generally accepted that...'.
Lawyers use 'alleged' to avoid lawsuits. If you say 'He is a thief' and it's not proven, you can be sued. If you say 'He is alleged to be a thief', you are safe.
This structure evolved from Old English 'man' (similar to German 'man'), which was an indefinite pronoun meaning 'one' or 'people'.
Inicios de conversación
It is said that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Do you agree?
Your favorite celebrity is rumored to be moving to your city. What do you do?
It is expected that AI will change every job. How will it change yours?
Which historical figure is considered to be the most influential?
Temas para diario
Errores comunes
Test Yourself
She ___ on arriving early to get good seats for the concert.
Find and fix the mistake:
My coach advised me to don't give up on my dream.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
Ejercicios de practica
8 exercisesIt ___ that the company is losing money.
He is said ___ live in a castle.
Find and fix the mistake:
She is thought that she is the best singer.
People say that he is a genius.
We use 'to have + past participle' to talk about the past in reporting structures.
A: Is the new movie good? B: Well, it ___ to be the best of the year.
Pick the odd one out.
1. People think he is rich. 2. People say he was rich.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe news report ___ that the new stadium would be completed by next year.
She apologized for miss her flight.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella me recordó que enviara el correo electrónico.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the verbs with their patterns:
It ___ that the ancient city was built by an unknown civilization.
My friend said me to buy more milk.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Sugirió pedir comida para llevar.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the verbs with the prepositions:
Score: /12
Preguntas frecuentes (8)
No, 'It is said' implies a general consensus or rumor. For your own opinion, use `I think` or `In my opinion`.
Yes, much more formal. It is preferred in writing and professional contexts.
No, only 'reporting' or 'mental' verbs like `say, think, believe, know, expect, report, consider, allege`.
The first is about the present ('He is rich now'). The second is about the past ('He was rich before').
In English, every sentence needs a subject. 'It' acts as a 'dummy subject' to fill the space when we don't want to name a person.
Yes, it is common in both British and American English, especially in news and formal writing.
Yes, but it's more common to say `It is said that it is true` or `The story is said to be true`.
Mostly, yes. It means something is claimed but not yet proven in a court of law.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Se dice que...
Spanish lacks the 'He is said to be' structure.
On dit que...
French uses an active pronoun 'on' instead of a passive verb.
Man sagt, dass...
German uses the modal verb 'sollen' for reporting.
...to iwarete iru
Japanese word order is reversed, with the reporting verb at the end.
Yuqal 'anna...
Arabic usually keeps the 'that' (anna) structure.
Jùshuō (据说)
Chinese doesn't use verb conjugation or a 'to-infinitive' structure.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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Passive Reporting Verbs in English | IT IS SAID THAT, IT IS THOUGHT THAT
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