Cambio de Estado (Ponerse/Volverse + Adjetivo)
ponerse triste o volverse alto, solo añade «아지다», «어지다» o «해지다» al final de un adjetivo.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use -아/어지다 to describe a change in state or becoming something new.
- Attach -아지다 to verbs/adjectives ending in ㅏ or ㅗ (e.g., 많아지다).
- Attach -어지다 to all other vowels (e.g., 예뻐지다).
- Use -해지다 for all 하다 verbs (e.g., 행복해지다).
Overview
ponerse, volverse o hacerse.아/어/여 지다, es la clave para describir cualquier cambio de estado.How This Grammar Works
예쁘다 significa es bonita. Para mostrar el *cambio*, pegamos ~지다 al adjetivo.예쁘다 (es bonita) se convierte en 예뻐지다 (ponerse bonita). Como ahora es un verbo, puedes conjugarlo en pasado, presente o futuro.
Formation Pattern
아요/어요), pero añades 지다 en lugar de 요.
ㅏ o ㅗ
아지다
좋다 → 좋아지다
어지다
길다 → 길어지다
하다
하다 a 해지다
편하다 → 편해지다
When To Use It
- Clima:
Se está poniendo frío.
- Cumplidos:
¡Te has puesto más guapa!
- Tendencias:
Este juego se está haciendo popular.
- Progreso:
Mi pronunciación ha mejorado.
Common Mistakes
cambio. Un error común es usar ~게 되다 junto con ~아/어/여지다. ¡Elige uno! Recuerda también que 좋아하다 (gustar) viene de aquí: 좋다 (bueno) + 아지다 (volverse). Literalmente volverse bueno [para mí].
Contrast With Similar Patterns
~아/어/여지다 vs. ~게 되다~아/어/여지다: Se enfoca en el proceso o cambio gradual. Suele sentirse natural o interno.~게 되다: Se enfoca en el resultado, a menudo implicando circunstancias externas.
Quick FAQ
P: ¿Puedo usarlo con verbos como ir?
R: No para volverse. Si lo añades a un verbo, se hace pasivo. ¡Usa solo adjetivos por ahora!
P: ¿Cómo digo
Se convirtió en [sustantivo]?
R: ¡Otra regla! Usa Sustantivo + 이/가 되다.
Conjugation Rules
| Base | Vowel Type | Result | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
많다
|
ㅏ
|
많아지다
|
많아졌어요
|
|
좋다
|
ㅗ
|
좋아지다
|
좋아졌어요
|
|
예쁘다
|
ㅣ
|
예뻐지다
|
예뻐졌어요
|
|
크다
|
ㅡ
|
커지다
|
커졌어요
|
|
행복하다
|
하다
|
행복해지다
|
행복해졌어요
|
Meanings
This grammar expresses a transition or change of state, often translating to 'to become' or 'to get' in English.
Change of State
Describing a process where something transitions into a new state.
“키가 커졌어요.”
“예뻐졌네요!”
Reference Table
| Tipo de adjetivo | Regla | Base → Volverse | Pasado (Se volvió...) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Termina en ㅏ, ㅗ
|
+ 아지다
|
작다 (pequeño) → 작아지다
|
작아졌어요
|
|
Termina en ㅏ (sin patchim)
|
Fusión
|
비싸다 (caro) → 비싸지다
|
비싸졌어요
|
|
Otras vocales
|
+ 어지다
|
적다 (poco) → 적어졌어요
|
적어졌어요
|
|
Termina en 하다
|
→ 해지다
|
깨끗하다 (limpio) → 깨끗해지다
|
깨끗해졌어요
|
|
Irregular ㅂ
|
Quitar ㅂ + 워지다
|
춥다 (frío) → 추워지다
|
추워졌어요
|
|
Irregular ㄹ
|
Sin cambios extra
|
길다 (largo) → 길어지다
|
길어졌어요
|
Espectro de formalidad
추워졌습니다. (Weather)
추워졌어요. (Weather)
추워졌어. (Weather)
추워짐. (Weather)
Conjugando ~아/어/여지다
¿Termina en '하다'?
¿La última vocal es 'ㅏ' o 'ㅗ'?
Estado vs. Cambio
Contextos comunes
Clima
- • calentarse
- • refrescar
- • oscurecer
Apariencia
- • ponerse guapo
- • crecer
- • adelgazar
Habilidades
- • mejorar
- • hacerse fácil
- • acostumbrarse
El significado de ~지다
Adjetivos
- Cambio de estado Volverse X
Verbos (Avanzado)
- Voz Pasiva Ser hecho
Ejemplos por nivel
날씨가 좋아요.
The weather is good.
날씨가 좋아졌어요.
The weather has become good.
배가 고파요.
I am hungry.
배가 고파졌어요.
I have become hungry.
한국어가 쉬워졌어요.
Korean has become easier.
얼굴이 예뻐졌네요.
Your face has become prettier.
방이 깨끗해졌어요.
The room has become clean.
더워지네요.
It is getting hot.
경제가 어려워지고 있어요.
The economy is becoming difficult.
그는 유명해졌어요.
He has become famous.
마음이 편해졌어요.
My heart has become at ease.
시간이 빨라졌어요.
Time has become faster.
상황이 복잡해졌습니다.
The situation has become complicated.
기술이 발전해졌어요.
Technology has become developed.
태도가 달라졌네요.
Your attitude has changed.
분위기가 좋아졌어요.
The atmosphere has improved.
사회적 인식이 변화해졌습니다.
Social awareness has become changed.
갈등이 심화해졌어요.
The conflict has become intensified.
제약이 완화해졌습니다.
The restrictions have become relaxed.
관점이 명확해졌어요.
The perspective has become clear.
그의 문체는 간결해졌습니다.
His writing style has become concise.
사유의 깊이가 심오해졌어요.
The depth of thought has become profound.
제도가 체계화해졌습니다.
The system has become systematized.
본질이 희미해졌어요.
The essence has become faint.
Fácil de confundir
Both mean 'to become'.
Errores comunes
학생아지다
학생이 되다
예쁘아지다
예뻐지다
먹어지다
먹게 되다
변화해지다
변화하다
Patrones de oraciones
요즘 ___이/가 ___아/어지네요.
Real World Usage
오늘 더 예뻐졌네!
El pasado es el rey
¡Ojo con los irregulares!
Cumplidos coreanos
Smart Tips
Use -아/어지다 to show the change.
Pronunciación
Linking
The '지' sound is often pronounced clearly.
Rising
예뻐졌어요?↗
Asking if something has changed.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Think of '아/어지다' as 'Ah, I get it!'—the 'Ah' helps you remember the '아' in the suffix.
Asociación visual
Imagine a small plant growing into a big tree. The plant is the adjective, and the growth process is the -아/어지다 suffix.
Rhyme
Vowel ㅏ or ㅗ, add -아지다, for all others, -어지다.
Story
Min-su was short. He started eating healthy. He became tall. He is now happy. (키가 커졌어요. 행복해졌어요.)
Word Web
Desafío
Write 3 sentences about how your life has changed since you started learning Korean.
Notas culturales
Koreans often use this to comment on appearance changes as a form of social bonding.
Derived from the verb '지다' (to fall/set/become).
Inicios de conversación
요즘 날씨가 어때요?
Temas para diario
Errores comunes
Test Yourself
Score: /3
Ejercicios de practica
1 exercises날씨가 (춥다) ___.
Score: /1
Practice Bank
10 exercises시험이 갑자기 ___.
Ordena las piezas.
¿Cómo se dice 'volverse limpio'?
Empareja cada adjetivo con su forma de cambio.
머리가 길았졌어요.
빨갛다 (rojo) → ?
하늘이 ___ (어둡다).
Traduce esta frase de ánimo.
Arma la frase.
¿Cuál de estos usos es incorrecto o raro?
Score: /10
Preguntas frecuentes (1)
No, use -이/가 되다 for nouns.
Scaffolded Practice
1
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
volverse
Korean is a suffix, Spanish is a verb.
devenir
Korean attaches to the adjective.
werden
Korean is agglutinative.
naru
Japanese uses a particle + verb.
biàn
Korean grammar is suffix-based.
asbaha
Korean is strictly suffix-based.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Videos relacionados
Related Grammar Rules
No hay más remedio que... (-ㄹ/을 수밖에 없다)
### Overview ¡Hola! Como tu profesor y compañero en este viaje de aprendizaje del coreano, entiendo perfectamente los r...
Presente Progresivo: -ando/-iendo (고 있다)
### Overview ¡Hola! Qué gusto saludarte. Como hispanohablantes, estamos muy acostumbrados a usar el gerundio para indic...
Al límite absoluto: (-ㄹ/을 대로)
### Overview ¡Hola! Qué gusto saludarte. Como hispanohablante, seguramente ya dominas estructuras para expresar intensi...
Solo/Simplemente: Limitación Enfática (-ㄹ/을 뿐이다)
### Overview ¡Hola! Qué gusto saludarte. Como hispanohablante que ha recorrido el camino del aprendizaje del coreano, s...
Suposición Lógica: -ㄹ/을 법하다
Overview ¿Alguna vez has visto un K-drama donde el giro de la trama es una locura, pero de alguna manera... tiene sentid...
