~한테 en 30 segundos
- Use '~한테' informally to say 'to/from a person'.
- It attaches directly after names, titles, or pronouns.
- Common in dramas, with friends, and in casual messages.
- Avoid in formal situations; use '께' instead.
The Korean particle '~한테' (~hante) is a fundamental element in expressing direction or the recipient of an action, specifically when that recipient is a person. It is most commonly used in informal and casual speech, making it a staple for everyday conversations among friends, family, and people you are close to. Think of it as the informal equivalent of 'to' or 'from' when referring to a person. For instance, if you are giving something to a friend, you would use '~한테' to indicate that friend is the recipient. Similarly, if you are receiving information or a message from someone, '~한테' would be used to mark that person as the source in an informal context. It's crucial to understand that '~한테' is primarily used with animate beings, particularly humans. While it can sometimes be extended to pets or very personified objects in a playful manner, its core function is tied to people.
The particle '~한테' attaches directly to a noun or pronoun that represents a person. It does not change its form based on the preceding word, making it relatively straightforward to use once you grasp its meaning. For example, if you want to say 'to my friend,' you would take the word for 'friend' (친구 - chingu) and add '~한테' directly after it: '친구한테' (chingu hante). This construction clearly signals that the friend is the one who will receive something, hear something, or be the target of an action. Its informal nature means you'll encounter it frequently in dramas, movies, casual conversations, and personal messages. When speaking to elders, superiors, or in formal settings, you would typically opt for the more formal particle '께' (kke) or '에게' (ege), which we will discuss later. However, for everyday interactions where politeness levels are relaxed, '~한테' is the go-to particle for indicating a person as the recipient or source of an action.
Consider the nuance of direction. '~한테' can imply 'from' in certain contexts, especially when the action is about receiving or hearing. For example, 'I heard from my brother' would be '오빠한테 들었어요' (oppa hante deureosseoyo). Here, '오빠' (oppa - older brother) is the source of the information. This dual usage, signifying both 'to' and 'from' a person (in informal contexts), is a key characteristic of '~한테'. It's a versatile particle that adds a layer of naturalness and informality to Korean sentences. The more you are exposed to Korean spoken by native speakers in casual settings, the more you will recognize the ubiquitous presence of '~한테' in their speech. It's one of those building blocks that, once mastered, significantly enhances your ability to communicate naturally in Korean.
Let's look at some basic examples to solidify this understanding. If you want to say 'I gave a gift to my mom,' you'd say '엄마한테 선물을 줬어요' (eomma hante seonmureul jwosseoyo). Here, '엄마' (eomma - mom) is the recipient. If you want to say 'I asked my friend a question,' you'd say '친구한테 질문했어요' (chingu hante jilmunhaesseoyo). Again, '친구' (chingu - friend) is the recipient of the question. The particle is always placed after the person's name or title. This direct attachment is a hallmark of Korean particles. Understanding when to use '~한테' versus other particles like '에게' or '한테' is a crucial step in achieving fluency, and for informal situations, '~한테' is your primary tool.
The ease of attachment and its common usage in everyday speech make '~한테' a highly valuable particle for learners. It allows you to express a wide range of interactions with people in a natural and unforced way. Whether you are talking about giving, telling, asking, or receiving, '~한테' helps to clearly identify the person involved. Keep in mind its informal nature, and you'll be well on your way to using it correctly in countless situations. The more you practice, the more intuitive its usage will become, paving the way for more complex sentence structures and more nuanced communication.
- Key Function
- Indicates the recipient or source of an action, specifically for people, in informal contexts.
- Formality Level
- Informal. Used with friends, family, and peers.
- Attachment
- Attaches directly to a noun or pronoun representing a person.
저는 친구한테 선물을 줬어요. (I gave a gift to my friend.)
그 소식은 언니한테 들었어요. (I heard that news from my older sister.)
Using '~한테' in sentences is quite straightforward, primarily involving its direct attachment to a person's name, title, or pronoun. The particle follows the noun it modifies and precedes the verb or the predicate of the sentence, indicating the recipient or source of the action described by the verb. Let's explore various sentence structures where '~한테' plays a crucial role.
1. Indicating the Recipient of Giving or Sending: This is one of the most common uses. When you give something to someone, '~한테' marks that person.
저는 동생한테 책을 줬어요. (I gave a book to my younger sibling.)
Here, '동생' (dongsaeng - younger sibling) is the recipient of the book. The particle '~한테' clearly shows this.
2. Indicating the Recipient of Telling or Asking: When you tell or ask something to someone, '~한테' identifies the person you are speaking to.
내일 계획을 친구한테 말해 줄게요. (I'll tell my friend about tomorrow's plan.)
'친구' (chingu - friend) is the person being told. The sentence structure is noun + '~한테' + object + verb.
3. Indicating the Source of Receiving or Hearing: In informal speech, '~한테' can also indicate the source from which you received something or heard information.
이 정보는 선배한테 들었어요. (I heard this information from my senior.)
'선배' (seonbae - senior) is the source of the information. This usage highlights the flexibility of '~한테' in informal contexts.
4. With Pronouns: When using pronouns like '나' (na - I/me), '너' (neo - you), '저' (jeo - I/me, formal), '그' (geu - he/that person), etc., '~한테' attaches directly.
- Example with '나' (na - I/me)
- 이거 나한테 줘. (Give this to me.)
- Example with '너' (neo - you)
- 내가 너한테 전화할게. (I will call you.)
5. With Names and Titles: When addressing someone by name or title, '~한테' is appended.
- Example with a name
- 민지한테 물어봤어요. (I asked Minji.)
- Example with a title
- 선생님한테 인사했어요. (I greeted the teacher.)
Note that for formal titles like '선생님' (seonsaengnim - teacher), while '~한테' is technically possible in very informal speech among peers discussing the teacher, it's more common and polite to use '선생님께' (seonsaengnim kke). However, if you're talking about a teacher in a very casual, almost gossipy way with a close friend, '~한테' might slip in.
6. With Verbs of Interaction: '~한테' is frequently paired with verbs that describe interaction with people, such as '주다' (juda - to give), '보내다' (bonaeda - to send), '말하다' (malhada - to speak/tell), '묻다' (mutda - to ask), '듣다' (deutda - to hear), '전화하다' (jeonhwahada - to call), '빌리다' (billida - to borrow), '빌려주다' (billyeojuda - to lend).
- Example with '빌리다' (to borrow)
- 친구한테 돈을 빌렸어요. (I borrowed money from my friend.)
- Example with '전화하다' (to call)
- 엄마한테 전화했어요. (I called my mom.)
Mastering these sentence patterns will enable you to use '~한테' effectively in a wide range of informal Korean conversations. Remember to always consider the formality level of your interaction when deciding whether '~한테' is appropriate.
The particle '~한테' is pervasive in everyday Korean communication, especially in informal settings. You will hear it constantly once you tune your ear to casual conversations. Its presence signifies a relaxed and familiar atmosphere, making it a key indicator of the social context of a dialogue.
1. Korean Dramas and Movies: This is perhaps the most accessible source for learners. In any drama or movie depicting realistic social interactions, especially among young adults, friends, or family members, '~한테' is used frequently. You'll hear it when characters are giving gifts, sharing secrets, asking for favors, or gossiping. For example, a character might say to their friend, "나 너한테 할 얘기가 있어." (Na neo hante hal yaegi-ga isseo. - I have something to tell you.) This demonstrates its use in direct, informal address.
2. Variety Shows and Reality TV: These programs often capture unscripted or semi-scripted interactions between celebrities and hosts, or among the cast members themselves. When idols are chatting, reacting to something, or discussing personal matters, '~한테' is a common particle. You might hear someone say, "이거 나한테 왜 그래?" (Igeo na hante wae geurae? - Why are you doing this to me?).
3. Casual Conversations with Korean Friends: If you have Korean-speaking friends or language exchange partners, you will undoubtedly hear '~한테' used regularly. Whether you are discussing your day, planning an outing, or sharing personal anecdotes, this particle will naturally come up. For instance, "어제 그 친구한테 빌린 책 돌려줬어." (Eoje geu chingu hante billin chaek dollyeojwosseo. - I returned the book I borrowed from that friend yesterday.)
4. Online Communications (Texting, Social Media): In informal digital spaces like KakaoTalk messages, Instagram DMs, or comments on social media, '~한테' is very common. People use it to quickly and casually communicate who they are talking to or giving something to. A typical message might be: "이거 너한테 보내는 거야." (Igeo neo hante bonaeneun geoya. - This is for you.)
5. Everyday Interactions in Korea: Imagine being in Korea and talking to someone your age or younger. If you ask for directions, buy something from a street vendor (assuming a friendly interaction), or ask a peer for help, '~한테' might be used. For example, if you're asking a fellow student for notes, you might say, "혹시 나한테 필기 좀 보여줄 수 있어?" (Hoksi na hante pilgi jom boyeojul su isseo? - Could you possibly show me your notes?).
6. Children's Shows and Cartoons: While often simplified, even children's media can introduce '~한테' in contexts where characters interact directly. This helps young learners associate the particle with personal interactions.
In essence, any situation where informality and personal connection are present is a place where you'll encounter '~한테'. It's the linguistic equivalent of a friendly pat on the shoulder or a casual nod between acquaintances. By actively listening to Korean media and engaging in conversations, you will naturally absorb its usage and context.
While '~한테' is generally straightforward, learners can make a few common mistakes, primarily related to formality and choosing the correct particle. Understanding these pitfalls will help you use '~한테' more accurately.
1. Using '~한테' in Formal Situations: This is the most frequent error. '~한테' is inherently informal. Using it when speaking to elders, superiors, strangers in a formal setting, or in official documents can sound rude or overly casual. For instance, saying '사장님한테 말했어요' (sajangnim hante malhaesseoyo - I spoke to the CEO) would be inappropriate. In such cases, you should use '사장님께' (sajangnim kke) or '사장님께 말씀드렸어요' (sajangnim kke malsseumdeuryeosseoyo).
Incorrect: 저는 선생님한테 질문했어요. (I asked the teacher.)
2. Confusing '~한테' with '~에게' (~ege): Both '~한테' and '~에게' can mean 'to' or 'from' a person. However, '~에게' is generally considered slightly more formal or neutral than '~한테'. While they are often interchangeable in informal contexts, using '~한테' in a situation where '~에게' would be more appropriate (though still informal) might sound a bit too casual. Conversely, using '~에게' in a very casual setting is perfectly fine, but '~한테' carries a stronger informal nuance. The main distinction is that '~한테' is predominantly used for people, whereas '~에게' can sometimes be used for animals or even abstract entities in a more literary context, though this is less common.
- Nuance Difference
- ~한테: Strictly for people, very informal. ~에게: For people, slightly more neutral/formal than ~한테, can sometimes be used for animals or personified objects in writing.
3. Forgetting to Attach It: Sometimes learners might use the word for the person but forget to add the particle '~한테'. This leaves the sentence grammatically incomplete and unclear about the role of the person in the action. For example, saying '나는 친구 말했어요' (Naneun chingu malhaesseoyo) instead of '나는 친구한테 말했어요' (Naneun chingu hante malhaesseoyo) is incorrect. The particle is essential for grammatical correctness.
4. Using '~한테' for Non-Human Objects: As mentioned earlier, '~한테' is primarily for people. Using it for inanimate objects or abstract concepts is incorrect. For example, you wouldn't say '책한테 줬어요' (chaek hante jwosseoyo - I gave it to the book). You would use a different particle or phrasing, like '책에' (chaege - to the book) if indicating a destination, or simply omit the particle if the context is clear.
5. Over-reliance on '~한테' when '께' is better: While '~한테' is informal, sometimes even in casual conversation, if you're talking about someone you deeply respect (even if they are your friend), you might opt for '께' out of habit or respect. However, this is more of a stylistic choice than a strict rule. The main mistake is using '~한테' when '께' is clearly required due to formality.
Being mindful of these common errors will help you navigate the usage of '~한테' with greater confidence and accuracy, ensuring your Korean sounds natural and appropriate for the situation.
In Korean, several particles can indicate the recipient or source of an action involving people. Understanding their nuances and when to use each is key to sounding natural. The primary alternatives to '~한테' are '~에게' and '께'.
1. '~에게' (~ege):
- Usage
- '~에게' is also used to indicate the recipient or source of an action directed towards a person. It is generally considered more neutral or slightly more formal than '~한테'. While often interchangeable with '~한테' in informal spoken Korean, '~에게' can feel a bit more polished or standard.
- Comparison with '~한테'
-
Formality: '~한테' is strictly informal. '~에게' is more versatile, suitable for informal and neutral contexts. In written Korean, especially in more formal writing, '~에게' is often preferred over '~한테'.
Scope: '~한테' is almost exclusively used for people. '~에게' can occasionally be used for animals or even personified inanimate objects in literary or poetic contexts, though this is less common in everyday speech.
Example:
- Informal: 친구한테 말했어요. (Chingu hante malhaesseoyo. - I told my friend.)
- Neutral/Slightly Formal: 친구에게 말했어요. (Chingu ege malhaesseoyo. - I told my friend.)
2. '께' (kke):
- Usage
- '께' is the honorific equivalent of both '~한테' and '~에게'. It is used when showing respect to the recipient of an action. This particle is reserved for elders, superiors, respected individuals, or in very formal situations.
- Comparison with '~한테'
-
Formality: '께' is highly formal and honorific. '~한테' is strictly informal. Using '께' in a casual conversation with friends would sound overly polite or even sarcastic.
Scope: '께' is used exclusively for people towards whom respect is shown.
Example:
- Informal: 선생님한테 물어봤어요. (Seonsaengnim hante mulleobwaseoyo. - I asked the teacher. - This is possible if talking casually about the teacher with a peer, but still borderline.)
- Formal/Respectful: 선생님께 물어봤어요. (Seonsaengnim kke mulleobwaseoyo. - I asked the teacher. - This is the correct and respectful way.)
3. Implied Recipient/Source (Zero Particle):
- Usage
- In very specific contexts, especially in spoken Korean where the subject or object is clear from the situation, sometimes the particle might be omitted, or the context implies the recipient. However, this is rare for '~한테' and more common with other particles or sentence structures.
Summary Table:
| Particle | Formality | Primary Usage | For People? | For Animals/Objects? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ~한테 | Informal | Recipient/Source of action (people) | Yes | Rarely (playful) |
| ~에게 | Neutral/Slightly Formal | Recipient/Source of action (people) | Yes | Sometimes (literary) |
| 께 | Formal/Honorific | Recipient/Source of action (respected people) | Yes | No |
Choosing the right particle depends heavily on who you are talking to and about, and the overall context of the conversation. For casual chats with friends, '~한테' is your primary choice. When in doubt in a neutral situation, '~에게' is a safe bet. For anyone you need to show respect to, '께' is essential.
How Formal Is It?
Dato curioso
Interestingly, the particle '~한테' is one of the most frequently used particles in spoken Korean, highlighting its essential role in everyday communication. Its informal nature makes it a marker of friendly and casual interactions.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing the 't' too softly, making it sound like 'han-de'. The 't' in Korean is often aspirated, meaning it's pronounced with a puff of air.
- Not aspirating the 't' sound properly.
- Confusing the vowel sound at the end with a longer 'ae' sound.
- Adding an extra syllable or sound.
- Pronouncing it too much like an English word, losing the Korean phonetic quality.
Nivel de dificultad
The particle '~한테' is very common in everyday written Korean, especially in informal contexts like personal blogs, social media, and fiction. Understanding its basic function is crucial for comprehension at the A2-B1 level. Advanced texts might use it in more nuanced ways, but its core meaning is consistently applied.
Using '~한테' correctly in writing requires understanding its informal nature. Learners at the A2-B1 level should be able to use it in simple sentences to indicate recipients or sources. The main challenge is knowing when *not* to use it (i.e., in formal writing) and opting for alternatives like '~에게' or '께'.
This particle is essential for natural-sounding spoken Korean. At the A2 level, learners should be comfortable using it in basic conversational exchanges. Its frequent use in dramas and by native speakers makes it highly recognizable and practical for spoken fluency.
Recognizing '~한테' when listening is crucial for understanding informal conversations. Its high frequency in spoken media means learners will encounter it often. Distinguishing it from similar particles like '~에게' and '께' is important for fully grasping the formality level.
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Gramática que debes saber
Particles in Korean
Korean uses particles (조사 - josa) attached to nouns or pronouns to indicate their grammatical function in a sentence. '~한테' is one such particle.
Indirect Objects
'~한테' often marks the indirect object of a sentence, which is the person who is indirectly affected by the verb's action (e.g., the recipient of a gift or information).
Formality Levels (Speech Levels)
The choice between '~한테', '~에게', and '께' depends heavily on the formality level of the speech and the relationship between the speakers.
Source vs. Recipient
While '~한테' primarily indicates the recipient, in informal contexts, it can also indicate the source of information or an object, similar to '~한테서'.
Pronoun Usage
Particles like '~한테' can be attached to pronouns such as '나' (na - I/me) and '너' (neo - you) to form '나한테' and '너한테'.
Ejemplos por nivel
친구한테 선물 줬어요.
I gave a gift to my friend.
~한테 is used to indicate the recipient of an action.
엄마한테 전화했어요.
I called my mom.
Used with verbs like 'call' to indicate who was called.
나한테 이거 줘.
Give this to me.
Can be used with pronouns like '나' (I/me).
오빠한테 물어봤어요.
I asked my older brother.
Used with verbs like 'ask' to indicate who was asked.
동생한테 편지 썼어요.
I wrote a letter to my younger sibling.
Used to indicate the recipient of a written message.
이거 누구한테 받았어요?
From whom did you receive this?
Can indicate the source in informal contexts.
선생님한테 물어봐요.
Ask the teacher.
Used with 'ask' when addressing a teacher informally.
동생이 나한테 왔어요.
My younger sibling came to me.
Indicates the destination of movement towards a person.
그 이야기를 친구한테 들었어요.
I heard that story from my friend.
Used to indicate the source of information in informal settings.
내일 학교 친구한테 갈 거예요.
I am going to school friends tomorrow.
Indicates destination when visiting friends.
언니한테 비밀을 말했어요.
I told my older sister a secret.
Used when sharing secrets with someone.
이 옷은 나한테 좀 커요.
These clothes are a bit big for me.
Can indicate suitability or relation to a person.
아빠한테 용돈을 받았어요.
I received allowance from my dad.
Indicates the source of received money.
그 소식은 나한테 처음 들었어.
I heard that news for the first time from me (implies 'about me' or 'from someone who knows me').
Can imply the news concerns the speaker or is relayed through someone close.
선배한테 조언을 구했어요.
I asked my senior for advice.
Used when seeking advice from someone.
그는 항상 나한테 친절해요.
He is always kind to me.
Indicates the recipient of an attitude or behavior.
고향 친구한테서 오랜만에 연락이 왔어요.
I received contact from a hometown friend after a long time.
Can be used with '~서' to emphasize the source of contact.
회의 내용을 팀원들한테 전달했어요.
I conveyed the meeting contents to the team members.
Used for conveying information to a group of people.
그는 항상 제 부탁을 잘 들어줘요.
He always listens well to my requests.
Indicates the recipient of a request or favor.
이번 프로젝트는 저한테 아주 중요한 기회입니다.
This project is a very important opportunity for me.
Indicates significance or relevance to a person.
새로운 아이디어는 동료들한테서 나왔어요.
The new idea came from my colleagues.
Indicates the origin of ideas or suggestions.
그는 마치 저한테만 말하는 것 같았어요.
It felt like he was talking only to me.
Used to emphasize a personal connection or exclusive communication.
부모님께서는 항상 저한테 격려를 아끼지 않으세요.
My parents always give me encouragement without reservation.
Though honorific '께' is more common for parents, '~한테' can be used in very informal, personal contexts when referring to them.
그는 자신감 있게 제 질문에 답했어요.
He answered my questions confidently.
Indicates the recipient of an answer.
이번 사안에 대해 담당자한테 직접 확인해 봐야 할 것 같습니다.
I think I need to check directly with the person in charge regarding this matter.
Used in a professional context, referring to the person responsible.
그의 연설은 청중들한테 깊은 감명을 주었습니다.
His speech deeply impressed the audience.
Indicates the recipient of an emotional impact or impression.
저는 그가 제 의도를 제대로 파악했는지 확신이 서지 않았습니다.
I wasn't sure if he had properly understood my intentions.
Used to express doubt about someone's comprehension.
이 문제에 대한 해결책을 동료들과 함께 모색해야 합니다.
We need to seek solutions to this problem together with our colleagues.
Indicates collaboration or joint effort with others.
그는 자신의 경험을 후배들한테 아낌없이 나누어 주었습니다.
He generously shared his experiences with his juniors.
Used for sharing knowledge or experience with those less experienced.
이 제안은 제게 새로운 시각을 열어주었습니다.
This proposal opened up new perspectives for me.
Indicates the recipient of a new perspective or insight.
그는 자신이 겪은 어려움을 솔직하게 털어놓았습니다.
He frankly confided the difficulties he had experienced.
Used when confiding in someone.
이 문제는 팀 전체한테 큰 도전이 될 것입니다.
This issue will be a great challenge for the entire team.
Indicates a challenge directed towards a group.
그의 진심 어린 사과는 피해자들한테 조금이나마 위안을 주었을 것이다.
His sincere apology would have given at least some comfort to the victims.
Used to express the impact of an action on a group, implying a degree of empathy.
이번 캠페인은 대중들한테 환경 보호의 중요성을 알리는 데 초점을 맞추었습니다.
This campaign focused on informing the public about the importance of environmental protection.
Indicates the target audience for information dissemination.
그는 자신의 철학을 제자들한테 끊임없이 설파했습니다.
He constantly preached his philosophy to his disciples.
Used in a more profound sense of teaching or imparting beliefs.
이러한 변화는 노동자들한테 상당한 부담을 안겨줄 것으로 예상됩니다.
These changes are expected to impose a considerable burden on the workers.
Indicates the recipient of a negative consequence or burden.
그녀의 예술은 보는 사람들한테 깊은 성찰의 계기를 제공했습니다.
Her art provided viewers with an opportunity for deep reflection.
Indicates the recipient of a catalyst for thought or introspection.
정부는 국민들한테 투명한 정보 공개를 약속했습니다.
The government promised the citizens transparent information disclosure.
Used in official contexts for promises made to the public.
그의 연기는 관객들한테 잊을 수 없는 감동을 선사했습니다.
His acting delivered an unforgettable emotional experience to the audience.
Indicates the recipient of a powerful emotional experience.
이 제도는 사회적 약자들한테 더 많은 혜택을 제공할 것입니다.
This system will provide more benefits to the socially disadvantaged.
Indicates the beneficiaries of a system or policy.
그의 비범한 통찰력은 동시대인들한테는 물론이고 후세 사람들한테까지 큰 영향을 미쳤습니다.
His extraordinary insight had a great influence not only on his contemporaries but also on future generations.
Used to express far-reaching influence across different generations.
작가는 독자들한테 진실과 거짓의 경계를 모호하게 만드는 이야기를 들려줍니다.
The author tells readers a story that blurs the lines between truth and falsehood.
Indicates the recipients of a narrative that challenges their perception.
그 예술가의 작품은 사회의 부조리함에 대해 비판적인 시각을 가진 사람들한테 큰 공감을 불러일으켰습니다.
The artist's work resonated deeply with those who held a critical view of societal absurdities.
Used to express resonance with a specific group holding a particular viewpoint.
이론은 실제 현상에 대한 이해를 넓히고자 하는 학자들한테 중요한 도구가 됩니다.
Theory serves as an important tool for scholars seeking to broaden their understanding of actual phenomena.
Indicates the users or beneficiaries of a theoretical framework.
그의 용감한 행동은 동료들한테 영감을 주었고, 그들 역시 위험에 맞설 용기를 얻었습니다.
His brave actions inspired his colleagues, who also gained the courage to face danger.
Used to describe how an action inspires others to act.
본 연구는 관련 전문가들한테 현재의 문제점에 대한 새로운 통찰을 제공할 것으로 기대됩니다.
This research is expected to offer new insights into current issues for relevant experts.
Indicates the target audience for new research findings.
그는 자신의 고뇌를 섬세하게 묘사하여 독자들한테 깊은 연민을 불러일으켰습니다.
He evoked deep pity in readers by delicately depicting his anguish.
Used to describe the emotional response evoked in readers.
이 정책은 미래 세대들한테 지속 가능한 환경을 물려주기 위한 노력의 일환입니다.
This policy is part of an effort to bequeath a sustainable environment to future generations.
Indicates the ultimate beneficiaries of long-term efforts.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— Leave it to me.
이 일은 걱정하지 마. 나한테 맡겨.
— I told you.
왜 그랬어? 너한테 말했잖아, 그러지 말라고.
— Please set me up on a blind date through a friend.
나 요즘 외로워. 친구한테 소개팅 좀 시켜줘.
— That doesn't work on him/her.
그런 식으로 말해도 그 사람한테는 안 통해. 다른 방법을 찾아봐.
— Please tell only me.
이건 정말 비밀인데, 제발 나한테만 말해줘.
— You shouldn't speak like that to adults.
아무리 화가 나도 어른한테는 그렇게 말하면 안 돼.
— This is the best for me.
다른 사람들은 이해 못 할 수도 있지만, 나한테는 이게 최선이야.
— Did you contact your family?
여행 중에 무슨 일 있으면 가족한테 연락했어?
— He is kind to everyone.
그는 낯선 사람한테도 항상 친절하다.
— It's too difficult for me.
이 수학 문제는 나한테는 너무 어려워.
Se confunde a menudo con
'~에게' is very similar to '~한테' and often interchangeable in informal spoken Korean. However, '~에게' is generally considered slightly more neutral and can be used in more formal written contexts where '~한테' would be inappropriate. '~한테' is strictly for people and carries a stronger informal nuance.
'께' is the honorific equivalent of '~한테' and '~에게'. It is used to show respect to the recipient. Using '~한테' when '께' is required would be impolite. Conversely, using '께' in very casual situations with close friends might sound overly polite or even sarcastic.
'~부터' indicates a starting point (time or place) and can sometimes mean 'from' a person in that sense, but it does not function as a recipient marker like '~한테'. For example, '민수부터 시작하자' (Let's start from Minsu) is different from '민수한테 말하자' (Let's talk to Minsu).
Modismos y expresiones
— Where the needle goes, the thread follows. (Implies that people who are close or involved in something together will go through similar experiences or face similar consequences.)
네가 그 일에 연루되었다면, 그 친구도 분명히 너한테 어떤 식으로든 영향을 받을 거야. 바늘 가는데 실 가는 거지.
Proverbial/Informal— My nose is three feet long. (Meaning 'I have enough problems of my own' or 'I can't help you because I'm struggling too'.)
도와달라고 부탁하지 마. 제 코가 석 자인데 너까지 도울 수는 없어.
Idiomatic/Informal— If the going words are beautiful, the coming words will be beautiful. (Meaning 'Speak kindly and you will be spoken to kindly' or 'What goes around comes around' in terms of speech.)
다른 사람한테 항상 예의 바르게 말해야 해. 가는 말이 고와야 오는 말이 곱다는 걸 잊지 마.
Proverbial/Informal— Even when crossing a stone bridge, tap it first before crossing. (Meaning 'Be cautious even in seemingly safe situations' or 'Look before you leap'.)
아무리 쉬워 보여도, 그 일을 하기 전에는 반드시 모든 가능성을 검토해 봐. 돌다리도 두들겨 보고 건너라.
Proverbial/Informal— Word without feet travels a thousand ri. (Meaning 'Rumors spread quickly and widely'.)
내가 말한 비밀이 벌써 다른 사람들한테까지 퍼졌나 봐. 발 없는 말이 천리 간다더니.
Proverbial/Informal— Where beans are planted, beans grow; where red beans are planted, red beans grow. (Meaning 'You reap what you sow' or 'Like causes like'.)
네가 지금 이렇게 힘든 이유는 네가 과거에 했던 잘못된 선택들 때문이야. 콩 심은 데 콩 나고 팥 심은 데 팥 나는 거지.
Proverbial/Informal— Eating cold porridge. (Meaning 'It's very easy' or 'a piece of cake'.)
이 문제? 나한테는 식은 죽 먹기야.
Idiomatic/Informal— It's glasses on my eyes. (Meaning 'Beauty is in the eye of the beholder' or 'It depends on one's perspective'.)
그 그림이 왜 좋냐고? 글쎄, 제 눈에 안경이지 뭐.
Idiomatic/Informal— A dragon rises from a stream. (Meaning 'A person from a humble background can achieve great success'.)
그 친구가 지금은 성공했지만, 원래는 정말 어려운 환경이었어. 개천에서 용 난 경우지.
Proverbial/Informal— If the upper water is clear, the lower water will be clear. (Meaning 'Leaders should set a good example' or 'The behavior of superiors influences subordinates'.)
회사의 사장이 먼저 윤리적인 경영을 해야 직원들한테도 그런 자세를 기대할 수 있지. 윗물이 맑아야 아랫물이 맑은 법이니까.
Proverbial/InformalFácil de confundir
Both '~한테' and '~에게' indicate a person as the recipient or source of an action and are often used interchangeably.
'~한테' is strictly informal and primarily used for people. '~에게' is more neutral, can be used in slightly more formal contexts or writing, and can occasionally be used for animals or personified objects in literature. In casual speech, the difference is minimal, but '~한테' carries a stronger informal tone.
친구한테 전화했어. (Informal) vs. 친구에게 연락했습니다. (More neutral/formal)
'께' also indicates a person as the recipient/source but is the honorific form.
'~한테' is informal. '께' is formal and used to show respect. Using '~한테' when speaking to an elder or superior would be rude. Using '께' with close friends might sound overly polite.
선생님한테 물어봤어요. (Informal, possibly okay with very close teacher-student relationship) vs. 선생님께 여쭤봤습니다. (Formal and respectful)
This particle is closely related to '~한테' and often used when indicating the source of something.
'~한테' can indicate both recipient and source (informally). '~한테서' specifically emphasizes the source from which something is received or learned. It's like the source-indicating counterpart to '~한테'. Both are informal.
친구한테 선물을 받았어요. (I received a gift from my friend - recipient is implied) vs. 친구한테서 선물을 받았어요. (I received a gift from my friend - emphasizes the friend as the source.)
This is a more formal particle indicating the source.
'~한테' is informal and used for people. '…로부터' is formal and often used in written or official contexts, and can refer to entities, not just people. It's the formal equivalent of indicating a source.
그 정보는 나한테서 왔어요. (Informal source) vs. 그 정보는 저로부터 전달되었습니다. (Formal source)
Similar to '~한테서', this indicates the source but is the source form of '~에게'.
'~한테서' is informal. '…에게서' is more neutral or slightly formal, and it's the source-indicating form of '~에게'.
그는 나에게서 그 책을 빌렸다. (He borrowed that book from me - neutral source) vs. 그는 나한테서 그 책을 빌렸다. (He borrowed that book from me - informal source)
Patrones de oraciones
[Person] + 한테 + [Object] + 주다
나는 친구한테 선물을 줬어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Question] + 묻다
나는 엄마한테 질문을 물었어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Information] + 듣다
나는 언니한테 그 이야기를 들었어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Action] + 전화하다
나는 친구한테 전화했어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Object] + 빌리다
나는 동생한테 돈을 빌렸어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Object] + 보내다
나는 그에게 편지를 보냈어요.
[Group] + 한테 + [Information] + 전달하다
나는 팀원들한테 이메일을 전달했어요.
[Person] + 한테 + [Advice] + 구하다
나는 선배한테 조언을 구했어요.
Familia de palabras
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
Very High in informal spoken Korean.
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Using '~한테' with elders or superiors.
→
Using '께' or '~에게'.
'~한테' is informal. In Korean culture, showing respect to elders and superiors is crucial. Using '~한테' in such situations can be considered rude. For example, instead of '사장님한테 말했어요' (I spoke to the CEO - informal), you should say '사장님께 말씀드렸어요' (I spoke to the CEO - respectful).
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Confusing '~한테' with '~부터' when indicating source.
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Using '~한테' for indirect object/source of action towards a person; using '~부터' for a starting point.
While '~한테' can informally indicate source, '~부터' is specifically for starting points in time or space. For example, '친구한테 정보를 받았어요' (I received information from my friend) is correct. '친구부터 정보를 받았어요' would imply starting the information gathering process *from* the friend, not necessarily receiving it *from* them.
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Using '~한테' for inanimate objects.
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Using appropriate particles for inanimate objects (e.g., '에', '으로/로') or omitting particles if context is clear.
'~한테' is reserved for people. You cannot say '책한테 줬어요' (I gave it to the book). Instead, you might say '책에 줬어요' (I gave it to the book - indicating direction) or simply '책을 줬어요' (I gave the book) if the recipient is implied or irrelevant.
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Not distinguishing between '~한테' and '~에게' in writing.
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Using '~한테' in informal writing and '~에게' in more neutral or formal writing.
While often interchangeable in speech, '~에게' is generally preferred in written Korean, especially in more formal contexts. Using '~한테' in formal reports or essays would be out of place.
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Using '~한테' when '…로부터' or '…에게서' would be more precise for indicating source.
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Using '~한테서' or '…에게서' for informal source, and '…로부터' for formal source.
While '~한테' can imply source, '~한테서' and '…에게서' specifically highlight the source of something received or learned. '…로부터' is the formal version. For example, '그 정보를 친구한테서 얻었어요' (I got that information from my friend - informal source) is more specific than '친구한테 얻었어요'.
Consejos
Mastering Informality
Always remember that '~한테' is your primary tool for informal interactions. When speaking with friends, family, or peers, it adds a natural, casual tone. Avoid it in formal settings to prevent sounding impolite.
Listening is Key
Pay close attention to how native speakers use '~한테' in dramas, variety shows, and everyday conversations. Notice the context, the relationship between speakers, and the verbs used with it. This will help you internalize its correct usage.
Sentence Building
Practice constructing sentences describing simple actions involving people. For example, 'I gave a gift to my friend,' 'I told my brother a secret,' 'I asked my mom a question.' This repetition will solidify the particle's place in your active vocabulary.
Know Your Alternatives
Understand the subtle differences between '~한테', '~에게', and '께'. Knowing when to use each will significantly improve the appropriateness and naturalness of your Korean speech and writing.
Cultural Nuance
The use of '~한테' reflects the cultural emphasis on close relationships and informal communication in Korea. Using it appropriately demonstrates your understanding of these social dynamics.
Mnemonics and Associations
Use memory aids like associating 'Han' with 'hand' giving 'to' someone. Visualizing this action can help you remember the particle's meaning and function, especially when starting out.
Avoiding Formality Errors
The most common mistake is using '~한테' in formal situations. Always err on the side of caution and use '께' when in doubt about politeness levels with elders or superiors.
Aspirated 'T'
Pay attention to the aspirated 't' sound in '~한테'. It's a strong puff of air, distinct from the softer 't' in English. Practicing this sound will make your pronunciation clearer.
Real-World Use
Try to use '~한테' in your conversations with Korean speakers. Whether it's asking for directions informally or chatting with a language partner, actively applying it will boost your confidence and fluency.
Verb Collocations
Learn common verbs that frequently pair with '~한테', such as '주다' (to give), '말하다' (to say), '듣다' (to hear), '묻다' (to ask), and '전화하다' (to call). This will help you build useful phrases quickly.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Imagine your 'hand' reaching out to give something to a friend. The sound 'han' is like 'hand', and 'te' sounds like 'to'. So, 'hand-to' friend, meaning 'to the friend'.
Asociación visual
Picture a person holding a gift with their 'hand' and offering it 'to' another person. The 'hante' sound can be linked to this visual of a hand extending towards someone.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to describe three everyday actions you do with your friends or family, using '~한테' in each sentence. For example, 'I gave my mom a book,' 'I told my friend a secret,' and 'I heard news from my brother.'
Origen de la palabra
The particle '~한테' is believed to have evolved from older Korean grammatical structures. Its exact origin is complex and debated among linguists, but it is generally understood to have developed from a combination of demonstrative elements and case markers that indicated direction or location related to a person.
Significado original: The precise original meaning is hard to pinpoint, but it likely conveyed a sense of proximity or direct relation to a person, evolving into the recipient/source marker we see today.
KoreanicContexto cultural
Using '~한테' is generally safe in informal contexts. However, it's crucial to remember its informal nature. Using it inappropriately in formal settings can be perceived as disrespectful. Conversely, using the highly formal '께' in a very casual setting with close friends might sound awkward or overly stiff.
In English, we often use prepositions like 'to' or 'from' with people. For example, 'I gave the book *to* John' or 'I heard the news *from* Mary.' '~한테' serves a similar function in informal Korean.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Talking with friends about daily life.
- 친구한테 뭐라고 했어?
- 나한테 좀 보여줘.
- 그거 너한테 빌렸어.
- 엄마한테 연락드렸어요.
Giving or receiving gifts/items.
- 동생한테 선물 줬어요.
- 이거 누구한테 받은 거야?
- 나한테 좀 빌려줘.
- 언니한테 보냈어.
Sharing information or asking questions.
- 선생님한테 물어볼게요.
- 그 소식 너한테 들었어.
- 아빠한테 여쭤봤어요.
- 이거 나한테 말해줘.
Discussing family members or close relatives.
- 할머니한테 안부 전해줘.
- 그는 우리 가족한테 정말 잘해줘.
- 이모한테서 편지가 왔어요.
- 삼촌한테 자랑했어.
Casual interactions with peers or juniors.
- 후배한테 도움을 줬어.
- 그는 나한테 항상 긍정적이야.
- 이번 일은 나한테 맡겨.
- 이거 너한테는 안 어울려.
Inicios de conversación
"오늘 친구한테 재미있는 이야기 들었어."
"가족한테 무슨 선물 해줄까 고민 중이야."
"나한테 혹시 이거 어떻게 하는지 알려줄 수 있어?"
"어제 동생한테서 깜짝 선물을 받았어."
"그 사람한테는 이 이야기를 꼭 전해야 해."
Temas para diario
Write about a time you received something from a friend or family member using '~한테'.
Describe a situation where you had to ask someone a question, using '~한테' to indicate who you asked.
Imagine you are telling a secret to your closest friend. Write that conversation using '~한테'.
Think about someone you often talk to. Write a few sentences about your interactions with them using '~한테'.
Reflect on a piece of advice you received. Who gave it to you, and how would you express that using '~한테'?
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntasYes, '~한테' is primarily used for people. While in very playful or literary contexts it might be extended to pets or personified objects, its standard and most common usage is for human recipients or sources. For non-human entities, you would typically use other particles or constructions.
You should use '~한테' when you are in an informal situation with friends, family, or peers. '~에게' is more neutral and can be used in both informal and slightly more formal settings, or in writing. If you want to sound very casual, '~한테' is the better choice. For example, '친구한테' is very casual, while '친구에게' is slightly more neutral.
Yes, in informal spoken Korean, '~한테' can indicate the source of information or an object, similar to 'from someone'. For example, '나는 그 소식을 친구한테 들었어' means 'I heard that news from my friend'. The context and the verb will clarify whether it's 'to' or 'from'.
'~한테' is informal, while '께' is the honorific particle used to show respect. You use '~한테' when talking to friends or people younger than you, but you must use '께' when talking to elders, superiors, or anyone you need to show respect to. For example, '친구한테' (to my friend) vs. '선생님께' (to my teacher - respectful).
Generally, no. '~한테' is informal. If you are on very casual terms with your boss (which is uncommon in many Korean workplaces), it might be possible, but it's much safer and more appropriate to use the honorific particle '께' or the neutral '~에게' when referring to your boss or a superior. For example, '사장님께 보고했습니다' (I reported to the CEO) is appropriate.
You would typically not use '~한테' for animals in standard Korean. You might use '~에게' or '~한테', but it's often considered more appropriate to use '~에게'. For example, '강아지에게 간식을 줬어요' (I gave a snack to the puppy). In very informal or affectionate contexts, some might use '~한테' playfully, but '~에게' is generally safer for animals.
If you are referring to a group of people, you can add the plural marker '들' (deul) to the noun before attaching '~한테'. For example, '친구들한테' (to friends) or '학생들한테' (to students).
No, '~한테' is generally avoided in formal writing. In formal writing, '~에게' is preferred for neutral contexts, and '께' is used for respectful contexts. '~한테' is best reserved for informal spoken language and very informal written communication like personal messages.
No, '~한테' is a fixed particle that attaches directly to the noun or pronoun it modifies. It does not change its form based on the preceding word, unlike some other grammatical elements in Korean.
Yes, absolutely. You can attach '~한테' to informal pronouns. '나' (na - I/me) becomes '나한테' (na hante - to me/from me), and '너' (neo - you) becomes '너한테' (neo hante - to you/from you). These are very common in informal speech.
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Summary
The particle '~한테' is your go-to for indicating a person as the recipient or source of an action in informal Korean conversations. Think 'to/from' your friends and family. For example, '친구한테' (to my friend) or '나한테' (to me/from me). Remember to use '께' for formal situations.
- Use '~한테' informally to say 'to/from a person'.
- It attaches directly after names, titles, or pronouns.
- Common in dramas, with friends, and in casual messages.
- Avoid in formal situations; use '께' instead.
Mastering Informality
Always remember that '~한테' is your primary tool for informal interactions. When speaking with friends, family, or peers, it adds a natural, casual tone. Avoid it in formal settings to prevent sounding impolite.
Listening is Key
Pay close attention to how native speakers use '~한테' in dramas, variety shows, and everyday conversations. Notice the context, the relationship between speakers, and the verbs used with it. This will help you internalize its correct usage.
Sentence Building
Practice constructing sentences describing simple actions involving people. For example, 'I gave a gift to my friend,' 'I told my brother a secret,' 'I asked my mom a question.' This repetition will solidify the particle's place in your active vocabulary.
Know Your Alternatives
Understand the subtle differences between '~한테', '~에게', and '께'. Knowing when to use each will significantly improve the appropriateness and naturalness of your Korean speech and writing.
Contenido relacionado
Esta palabra en otros idiomas
Más palabras de general
몇몇
A2Algunos; unos pocos.
조금
A1Dame un poco de agua, por favor. (물 조금만 주세요.)
적게
A1Poco, en pequeña cantidad. Se usa para describir una acción realizada de manera limitada.
약간
A2Un poco; ligeramente. Se usa para describir una pequeña cantidad o un grado leve.
많이
A1Mucho / Muy. 'Comí mucho' (많이 먹었어요). 'Te extraño mucho' (많이 보고 싶어요).
잠시
A2Por un momento; brevemente. 'Por favor, espere un momento.' (잠시만 기다려 주세요.) 'Volveré en un momento.' (잠시 후에 돌아오겠습니다.)
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2Hace un rato, antes. Lo vi hace un rato en la cafetería.
대해
A2Significa 'sobre' o 'acerca de'. Se usa para introducir el tema de una conversación, pensamiento o estudio.
~에 대해서
A2Sobre; acerca de; respecto a.
