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A2 adverb #2,000 پرکاربردترین 6 دقیقه مطالعه

その頃

sono koro
At the A1 level, you might not use 'sono koro' often, but you will hear it in simple stories. It means 'at that time.' Imagine you are talking about when you were a child. You say, 'I was 5 years old. At that time (sono koro), I liked soccer.' It helps you connect two sentences about the past. It is like a bridge. You first say a time, then you use 'sono koro' to talk more about it. It is very useful for simple self-introductions or talking about your history. Remember: 'sono' means 'that' and 'koro' means 'around time.' Together, they mean 'around that time.' It is softer than saying 'at 10 o'clock.' It is more like 'during that year' or 'during that month.'
At the A2 level, 'sono koro' becomes a vital tool for storytelling. When you describe your past experiences, like a previous job or a trip, you use 'sono koro' to add details without repeating the date or the place. For example, 'I worked in a cafe in 2015. Sono koro, I met many interesting people.' It makes your Japanese sound more natural and less repetitive. You should also learn that it can be used with particles like 'wa' (sono koro wa) to emphasize that things were different back then compared to now. It's a key word for moving from simple sentences to connected paragraphs. You will also start to see it in simple reading passages in textbooks to link different events in a character's life.
At the B1 level, you should distinguish between 'sono koro' and 'sono toki.' 'Sono toki' is for a specific moment (like when a phone rang), while 'sono koro' is for a period (like a whole summer). You will use 'sono koro' in more complex narratives, such as explaining the background of a problem or a historical event. It is also used to describe simultaneous actions in different places. For example, 'The company was growing fast. Sono koro, the manager was planning a new office.' It helps maintain the 'flow' of your speech. You will also encounter it in more varied contexts, such as describing future plans: 'I will be retired in ten years. Sono koro, I want to travel the world.'
At the B2 level, you use 'sono koro' to handle nuanced transitions in essays and formal discussions. You understand that while 'touji' is the formal equivalent, 'sono koro' adds a narrative warmth that 'touji' lacks. You can use it to contrast different eras or to highlight the atmosphere of a particular time. For instance, in a discussion about technology, you might say, 'The internet was just starting. Sono koro, nobody had smartphones.' This sets a vivid scene for your argument. You are also expected to use it correctly in the 'Ippou, sono koro' (Meanwhile, at that time) construction, which is common in professional presentations or complex storytelling to manage multiple threads of information.
At the C1 level, 'sono koro' is used with precision to manipulate the listener's perspective. You can use it to evoke a specific historical 'zeitgeist' without being overly clinical. It appears in literary analysis and high-level journalism to link societal trends. You understand the subtle difference between 'sono koro' and 'ano koro'—using 'sono' to keep the focus on the narrative logic and 'ano' to invite the listener into a shared emotional space. Your usage should be seamless, appearing in complex sentences with multiple clauses. You also recognize its use in classical-style modern Japanese where it might be used to refer to specific seasonal periods mentioned in poetry or classical literature.
At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of the temporal and psychological distance 'sono koro' implies. You can use it in highly sophisticated discourse, such as philosophical debates or complex legal/historical narratives, to precisely delineate periods of time. You understand how it interacts with different verb aspects and how its placement can change the emphasis of a sentence. You can detect when an author uses 'sono koro' instead of 'touji' to create a specific 'voice' or to align the reader with a character's subjective experience. Your mastery allows you to use it in any register, from the most casual slang-inflected speech to the most formal oratory, always choosing it for its specific ability to anchor the listener in a previously established temporal context.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

その頃 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Refers to a previously mentioned time period.
  • Means 'around that time' or 'back then'.
  • Covers a duration, not just a single moment.
  • Commonly used in storytelling and history.

The Japanese term その頃 (sono koro) is a temporal adverbial phrase that functions as a bridge between the present conversation and a specific period in the past or future that has already been established in the discourse. Unlike the more pinpointed その時 (sono toki), which refers to a specific moment or instant, その頃 encompasses a broader, more atmospheric duration of time. It is often translated as 'around that time,' 'back then,' or 'in those days.' The word 頃 (koro/goro) itself implies an approximate time, suggesting a window rather than a dot on a timeline.

Temporal Scope
Refers to a period of days, months, or even years surrounding a mentioned event.
Contextual Dependency
Cannot be used without a prior reference to a time frame; it 'points' back to what was just discussed.
Emotional Nuance
Often carries a sense of nostalgia or narrative distance, making it a favorite in storytelling.

私は学生でした。その頃、毎日図書館に通っていました。

Translation: I was a student. Around that time, I went to the library every day.

In linguistic terms, その頃 is a deictic expression. It relies on the 'middle' distance of the 'so' (そ) series in Japanese demonstratives. While この頃 (kono koro) refers to 'these days' (close to the speaker's present), and あの頃 (ano koro) refers to 'those days' (distant, shared nostalgia), その頃 is the workhorse of narrative logic, linking the sentence to the immediate context of the story being told.

江戸時代は平和でした。その頃、文化が大きく発展しました。

Grammatical Role
Functions as an adverbial phrase, usually placed at the beginning of a sentence to set the scene.

来年の夏、私は日本にいます。その頃、また会いましょう。

Using その頃 effectively requires understanding the 'So-A-Ko' system of Japanese demonstratives. Because it starts with 'So', it refers to information that is already in the 'shared space' of the conversation or has just been mentioned by the speaker. To use it correctly, you must first provide a temporal anchor.

1. Establishing the Anchor

You cannot start a conversation with その頃. You must first say something like 'When I lived in London' or 'In the 1990s.' Once that anchor is set, その頃 acts as a pronoun for that entire time period.

2010年に京都に住んでいました。その頃はまだ学生でした。

2. Particle Attachment

その頃 can stand alone as an adverb, but it often takes particles to refine its meaning:

  • その頃は (Sono koro wa): Adds contrast. 'Around that time (unlike now)...'
  • その頃に (Sono koro ni): Points to a more specific occurrence within that period.
  • その頃まで (Sono koro made): Until that time.
  • その頃から (Sono koro kara): From that time onwards.

3. Comparison with Ano Koro

Beginners often confuse その頃 with あの頃 (ano koro). Use その頃 for logical narrative flow. Use あの頃 when you are reminiscing about a distant past that both the speaker and listener are familiar with, often with a sigh of nostalgia ('Ah, those were the days').

Sentence Placement
Usually appears at the very start of the sentence to establish the timeframe for the following clause.

父は若かった。その頃の写真を見ると、今の私にそっくりだ。

You will encounter その頃 in a wide variety of contexts, from casual daily chats to high-level literature. It is one of the most versatile temporal markers in the Japanese language.

1. Everyday Conversation

When friends are catching up and one mentions a past event, the other might use その頃 to ask a follow-up question. 'Oh, you were in Hokkaido? What were you doing around that time?'

2. News and Documentaries

Narrators use it to link historical events. 'The war ended in 1945. Around that time, the city was beginning to rebuild.' It provides a smooth transition between chronological facts.

3. Literature and Manga

In fiction, その頃 is essential for managing subplots. A chapter might end with one character, and the next chapter starts with: 'Meanwhile, around that time, the protagonist was...' (一方、その頃...). This is a classic trope in Japanese storytelling.

Common Media Phrase
「一方、その頃…」(Ippou, sono koro...) - 'Meanwhile, at that time...' used frequently in anime to switch scenes.

「一方、その頃、勇者は魔王の城に着いていた。」

Classic RPG/Anime narration style.

4. Business Reports

While 当時 is more formal, その頃 is used in spoken business contexts to refer to a previous project phase or a period of market change. 'Our sales dipped in Q3. Around that time, a competitor launched a new product.'

Even though その頃 seems straightforward, learners often trip up on its specific nuances and its relationship with other demonstratives.

1. Using it without a reference

The biggest mistake is using その頃 to start a story without any prior context. You cannot say 'Around that time, I was happy' unless you've already said 'When I was five years old.' If you want to say 'Back in the day' generally, use 昔 (mukashi) or あの頃 (ano koro).

2. Confusing 'Toki' and 'Koro'

Learners often use その頃 for exact moments. If a bomb went off at 12:01, you say その時 (sono toki). If you are talking about the general era of the war, you use その頃. Using 'koro' for a split-second event sounds unnatural.

Incorrect
× 10時ちょうどに電話が鳴った。その頃、私は寝ていた。
Correct
○ 10時ちょうどに電話が鳴った。その時、私は寝ていた。

3. Overusing it in Formal Writing

In academic papers or formal news reports, その頃 can sound a bit too 'story-like' or conversational. In these cases, 当時 (touji) or 同時代 (doujidai) are preferred to maintain an objective tone.

Mistake: 「明治維新がありました。その頃、日本は変わりました。」 (Too simple/conversational for a history essay)

Japanese has many ways to say 'at that time.' Choosing the right one depends on the distance of the memory and the formality of the situation.

あの頃 (Ano koro)
'Those days.' Used for distant, nostalgic memories shared by the speaker and listener. It feels further away than sono koro.
当時 (Touji)
'At that time / In those days.' A formal, objective version of sono koro. Used in news, history, and business.
その時 (Sono toki)
'At that moment.' Refers to a specific point in time rather than a general period.
この頃 (Kono koro)
'Recently / These days.' Refers to the period surrounding the present moment.

「あの頃は楽しかったね」 (Nostalgic) vs 「その頃、彼は東京にいた」 (Narrative fact)

The distinction between その (sono) and あの (ano) is the most critical. その頃 is used when you are building a logical sequence of events in a story. あの頃 is used when you are looking back at a 'golden age' or a distinct chapter of life that feels psychologically distant.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

私は10歳でした。その頃、犬が大好きでした。

I was 10 years old. At that time, I loved dogs.

Basic past tense connection.

2

去年、日本にいました。その頃、毎日寿司を食べました。

Last year, I was in Japan. Around that time, I ate sushi every day.

Using 'sono koro' to refer to a whole year.

3

父は先生でした。その頃、とても忙しそうでした。

My father was a teacher. At that time, he seemed very busy.

Describing a state during a period.

4

高校生でした。その頃は、よく勉強しました。

I was a high school student. Back then, I studied a lot.

Adding 'wa' for emphasis on the past period.

5

夏休みでした。その頃、海へ行きました。

It was summer vacation. Around that time, I went to the sea.

Referring to a specific holiday period.

6

子供の時、ここに住んでいました。その頃の友達は今どこですか。

I lived here when I was a child. Where are my friends from that time now?

Using 'sono koro no' to modify a noun.

7

兄は大学生でした。その頃、一人で住んでいました。

My brother was a university student. At that time, he lived alone.

Simple narrative link.

8

冬でした。その頃、雪がたくさん降りました。

It was winter. Around that time, it snowed a lot.

Describing weather during a period.

1

20歳の時、フランスに行きました。その頃はまだフランス語が下手でした。

When I was 20, I went to France. Around that time, I was still bad at French.

Contrasting past ability with the present.

2

新しい仕事を始めました。その頃は毎日が大変でした。

I started a new job. Back then, every day was difficult.

Describing the atmosphere of a new beginning.

3

10年前にこの町に来ました。その頃、駅はまだ小さかったです。

I came to this town 10 years ago. At that time, the station was still small.

Comparing past and present states of a place.

4

彼は病気でした。その頃、家族はみんな心配していました。

He was sick. Around that time, his whole family was worried.

Describing collective feelings during a period.

5

料理を習い始めました。その頃に作った料理は美味しくなかったです。

I started learning to cook. The food I made around that time wasn't good.

Using 'sono koro ni' to specify actions.

6

大学を卒業しました。その頃、将来についてよく考えました。

I graduated from university. Around that time, I thought a lot about the future.

Reflecting on a transitional period.

7

古いカメラを買いました。その頃はフィルムが高かったです。

I bought an old camera. Back then, film was expensive.

Stating a fact about a specific era.

8

夜の12時でした。その頃、外はとても静かでした。

It was 12 at night. Around that time, it was very quiet outside.

Setting the scene for a specific time of day.

1

バブル経済が崩壊しました。その頃から、日本の社会は変わり始めました。

The bubble economy collapsed. From around that time, Japanese society began to change.

Using 'sono koro kara' to show a starting point.

2

彼女はロンドンで音楽を学んでいました。その頃、彼女は多くの名曲を書きました。

She was studying music in London. Around that time, she wrote many famous songs.

Linking a period of study to creative output.

3

新製品の開発が進んでいました。一方、その頃、競合他社も同じような計画を立てていました。

Development of the new product was progressing. Meanwhile, at that time, competitors were making similar plans.

Using 'ippou, sono koro' for simultaneous events.

4

祖父は戦争を経験しました。その頃の話を聞くと、今の平和のありがたさがわかります。

My grandfather experienced the war. When I hear stories from that time, I understand the value of today's peace.

Using 'sono koro no hanashi' as a noun phrase.

5

私はダイエットをしていました。その頃は甘いものを一切食べませんでした。

I was on a diet. Around that time, I didn't eat any sweets at all.

Describing a strict habit during a specific period.

6

江戸時代の中期でした。その頃、浮世絵が庶民の間で流行しました。

It was the middle of the Edo period. Around that time, Ukiyo-e became popular among commoners.

Historical context usage.

7

プロジェクトは最終段階でした。その頃までには、全員が疲れ切っていました。

The project was in its final stages. By around that time, everyone was exhausted.

Using 'sono koro made ni' for a deadline/limit.

8

彼はアメリカに留学する予定です。その頃には、英語ももっと上達しているでしょう。

He plans to study in America. By that time, his English will probably have improved more.

Future reference of 'sono koro'.

1

インターネットが普及し始めた90年代後半、その頃の若者は新しいコミュニケーションの形を模索していた。

In the late 90s when the internet began to spread, young people at that time were searching for new forms of communication.

Using 'sono koro' to define a generation's behavior.

2

政権交代が起こり、国民の期待は高まっていた。しかし、その頃の政府は内部対立に悩まされていた。

A change of government occurred, and public expectations were high. However, the government at that time was plagued by internal conflict.

Contrasting public hope with political reality.

3

彼は作家として売れない時期を過ごしていた。その頃の苦労が、後の彼の作品に深い影を落としている。

He spent a period as an unsuccessful writer. The hardships of that time cast a deep shadow on his later works.

Analyzing the influence of a past period on the present.

4

村にダムができるという噂が流れた。その頃を境に、村人たちの関係はぎくしゃくし始めた。

Rumors spread that a dam would be built in the village. From around that time, relations between the villagers began to become strained.

Using 'sono koro o sakai ni' to mark a turning point.

5

人工知能の研究は冬の時代を迎えていた。その頃、細々と研究を続けていた学者たちが今のブームを支えている。

AI research was in a 'winter' period. The scholars who quietly continued their research around that time are supporting today's boom.

Highlighting the importance of a past period for the current context.

6

景気は緩やかに回復していたが、その頃の雇用情勢は依然として厳しいものだった。

The economy was recovering slowly, but the employment situation at that time was still severe.

Using 'sono koro no' to modify a complex noun phrase.

7

彼女は女優として絶頂期にいた。その頃の彼女の輝きを知る者は、今の彼女の変貌に驚く。

She was at the peak of her career as an actress. Those who know her brilliance from that time are surprised by her transformation now.

Contrasting a 'peak' period with the present.

8

来月の今頃、私はハワイのビーチにいるだろう。その頃、君はまだ会社で働いているのかい？

This time next month, I'll be on a beach in Hawaii. Around that time, will you still be working at the office?

Future hypothetical comparison.

1

明治という激動の時代、その頃の知識人たちは西洋の思想をいかに取り入れるべきか、激しい論争を繰り広げていた。

In the turbulent Meiji era, intellectuals of that time were engaged in fierce debates over how to incorporate Western thought.

High-level historical narrative.

2

環境問題が叫ばれ始めた初期段階において、その頃の対策はあくまで対症療法的なものに過ぎなかった。

In the early stages when environmental issues began to be raised, the measures at that time were merely symptomatic treatments.

Academic critique of past policies.

3

その作家の初期作品群には、戦後の混乱期特有の虚無感が漂っている。その頃の日本人が抱えていた精神的空白が反映されているのだ。

A sense of nihilism peculiar to the post-war period of confusion drifts through that writer's early works. It reflects the spiritual void that Japanese people of that time harbored.

Literary and psychological analysis.

4

遺伝子工学の黎明期、その頃の倫理観では現代の技術進歩を予測することは到底不可能であった。

In the dawn of genetic engineering, it was utterly impossible to predict modern technological progress with the ethical values of that time.

Scientific and ethical discussion.

5

一世を風靡したそのアイドルグループも、解散直前にはメンバー間の不和が表面化していた。その頃の映像を見返すと、彼らの表情には明らかな疲れが見て取れる。

Even that idol group that took the world by storm had discord among members surfacing just before their dissolution. Looking back at footage from that time, one can see clear exhaustion in their expressions.

Detailed observational analysis.

6

都市再開発が進む以前、この一帯は迷路のような路地が入り組んでいた。その頃の面影を残す建物は、今や数えるほどしかない。

Before urban redevelopment progressed, this area was a maze of intricate alleys. Buildings that retain traces of that time are now few and far between.

Describing architectural and social change.

7

冷戦構造が固定化されていた当時、その頃の国際政治は常に核の脅威という緊張感の中にあった。

When the Cold War structure was fixed, international politics at that time was always in a state of tension due to the nuclear threat.

Geopolitical historical analysis.

8

彼は幼少期を異国で過ごした。その頃に形成された多文化的なアイデンティティが、彼の創作の源泉となっている。

He spent his childhood in a foreign country. The multicultural identity formed around that time serves as the source of his creativity.

Biographical and psychological link.

1

形而上学的な問いが哲学の中心であった時代、その頃の思索家たちは存在の本質を言語の限界を超えて捉えようと試みていた。

In an era when metaphysical questions were at the heart of philosophy, thinkers of that time attempted to grasp the essence of existence beyond the limits of language.

Abstract philosophical discourse.

2

古典芸能の伝承が途絶えかけた危機の時代、その頃の芸養子たちが果たした役割は、単なる技術の継承に留まらず、精神性の再構築であったと言える。

In a time of crisis when the transmission of classical performing arts was on the verge of dying out, the role played by the adopted artistic heirs of that time can be said to have been not merely the succession of techniques, but the reconstruction of spirituality.

Sophisticated cultural history analysis.

3

マクロ経済の動向が予測不能な混沌を極めていた局面において、その頃の政策決定者たちに求められたのは、理論を超えた直感的な判断であった。

In a phase where macroeconomic trends were reaching a peak of unpredictable chaos, what was required of policy makers at that time was intuitive judgment that transcended theory.

High-level economic and political commentary.

4

言語の変遷を辿れば、特定の語彙が消失していく過程が見て取れる。その頃の言語使用者の意識変容が、語彙の淘汰を促したのである。

If one traces the transition of language, the process by which specific vocabulary disappears can be seen. The transformation of consciousness of language users at that time prompted the selection and elimination of vocabulary.

Linguistic and sociological theory.

5

権力が極限まで集中していた絶対王政の最盛期、その頃の宮廷文化は、美の追求という名の下に民衆の搾取を正当化する装置として機能していた。

At the height of absolute monarchy when power was concentrated to the limit, court culture at that time functioned as a device to justify the exploitation of the people under the guise of the pursuit of beauty.

Critical historical and political analysis.

6

量子力学が産声を上げた20世紀初頭、その頃の物理学者たちが直面したパラダイムシフトは、人類の宇宙観を根底から覆すものであった。

In the early 20th century when quantum mechanics was in its infancy, the paradigm shift faced by physicists at that time fundamentally overturned humanity's view of the universe.

Scientific history and epistemology.

7

バロック音楽の装飾過多な様式美は、その頃の宗教的権威の誇示と密接に結びついており、聴衆を圧倒する心理的効果を狙ったものであった。

The excessively decorative stylistic beauty of Baroque music was closely linked to the display of religious authority at that time, aiming for a psychological effect that would overwhelm the audience.

Musicology and sociological analysis.

8

情報の非対称性が極めて高かった中世の交易において、その頃の商人たちが結んだ信用のネットワークは、現代のブロックチェーン技術にも通じる堅牢さを備えていた。

In medieval trade where information asymmetry was extremely high, the credit networks formed by merchants at that time possessed a robustness comparable to modern blockchain technology.

Comparative historical and technological analysis.

ترکیب‌های رایج

その頃はまだ (Back then, still...)
その頃になると (By that time...)
その頃から (Starting from that time...)
その頃まで (Until that time...)
ちょうどその頃 (Just around that time...)
一方、その頃 (Meanwhile, at that time...)
その頃の記憶 (Memories of that time)
その頃の流行 (Trends of that time)
その頃の写真 (Photos from that time)
その頃の様子 (The state of things back then)

عبارات رایج

その頃はよかった (Those were the good old days)

その頃を思い出す (To remember those times)

その頃にはもう (By that time, already...)

その頃の自分 (Myself back then)

その頃の面影 (Traces of that time)

その頃の面々 (The people from that time)

その頃を境に (With that time as a turning point)

その頃の事情 (The circumstances at that time)

その頃の風潮 (The social climate of that time)

その頃の暮らし (Life in those days)

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

その頃 vs その時 (sono toki)

Refers to a specific moment, while 'sono koro' refers to a general period.

その頃 vs あの頃 (ano koro)

Used for distant, shared nostalgic memories, while 'sono koro' is for narrative continuity.

その頃 vs 当時 (touji)

A more formal and objective version of 'sono koro'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

その頃 vs

その頃 vs

その頃 vs

その頃 vs

その頃 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

خانواده کلمه

مرتبط

نحوه استفاده

future use

Can refer to a future time if it has been mentioned: 'Next year I'll be in Paris. Sono koro...'

distinction

Sono koro vs. Ano koro: Sono is logical/narrative; Ano is emotional/nostalgic.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using it to refer to an exact second (use 'sono toki' instead).
  • Starting a story with it without prior context.
  • Confusing it with 'kono koro' (recently).
  • Using it in highly formal academic papers (use 'touji' instead).
  • Overusing it in every sentence; use pronouns or other markers to vary your speech.

نکات

Connecting Sentences

Use 'sono koro' at the start of a new sentence to smoothly link it to the time mentioned in the previous sentence.

Atmosphere

Use 'sono koro' when you want to describe the general feeling or state of a time period, not just a single event.

Formal Alternative

In business emails or reports, use 'touji' (当時) instead of 'sono koro' to sound more professional.

Nostalgic Tone

When reminiscing, 'ano koro' is more common, but 'sono koro' is used to explain the facts of your past.

Storytelling

In fiction, use 'Ippou, sono koro' to switch between different characters' perspectives happening at the same time.

Context Clues

When you hear 'sono koro', look for the time reference in the sentence immediately before it.

Using 'wa'

Adding 'wa' (その頃は) is great for saying 'Back then it was like this, but now it's different.'

Avoid Isolation

Never use 'sono koro' as the very first sentence of a story. It needs a 'hook' to a previous time.

Media Usage

Watch for this word in historical dramas (Jidaigeki) to understand how it frames different eras.

The 'So' Rule

Remember that 'So' demonstratives always refer to things already in the conversation.

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ریشه کلمه

Compound of the demonstrative 'sono' (that) and the noun 'koro' (time/period). 'Koro' historically refers to the 'time' or 'occasion' of an event.

بافت فرهنگی

Strongly associated with 'Natsukashii' (nostalgic) feelings.

Essential for 'Flashback' sequences in Japanese media.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"その頃、日本で何が流行っていましたか？ (What was popular in Japan around that time?)"

"その頃のあなたは、どんな子供でしたか？ (What kind of child were you back then?)"

"その頃、一番大変だったことは何ですか？ (What was the hardest thing around that time?)"

"その頃の自分にアドバイスするなら、何と言いますか？ (If you could give advice to yourself back then, what would you say?)"

"その頃と今で、一番変わったことは何ですか？ (What is the biggest change between then and now?)"

موضوعات نگارش

10年前の自分を思い出してください。その頃、何を大切にしていましたか？

初めて日本に来た時のことを書いてください。その頃の気持ちはどうでしたか？

子供の頃の夏休みについて書いてください。その頃、毎日何をしていましたか？

歴史上の好きな時代を選んでください。その頃の生活はどうだったと思いますか？

5年後の自分を想像してください。その頃、どこで何をしていますか？

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, you must establish a timeframe first. 'Sono koro' refers back to a time already mentioned. If you want to say 'Back in the day' generally, use 'mukashi' or 'ano koro'.

'Sono toki' is for a specific point in time (like 3:00 PM). 'Sono koro' is for a period of time (like a summer or a year).

It is neutral. It's fine for daily conversation and polite speech. For very formal writing, 'touji' is better.

Yes, if you have already mentioned a future time. 'I will graduate in March. Around that time (sono koro), I will start working.'

You can just say 'sono koro' or 'sono koro ne'. It's already quite natural.

Yes, 'koro/goro' implies an approximate time rather than an exact one.

Yes, it means 'people of that time' or 'people from that era'.

Yes, to refer to previous phases of a project or past market conditions.

It can stand alone, but 'wa' (for contrast) and 'ni' (for specific events within the period) are very common.

Usually no. It's for longer periods like days, weeks, or years. Use 'sono toki' for short durations.

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