裏返す در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Verb meaning 'to turn over' or 'to flip'.
- Primarily used in cooking for flipping food.
- Also used for turning over objects like pages or clothes.
- Distinguish from 裏返る (uragaeru) - intransitive, something flips itself.
The Japanese verb 裏返す (uragaesu) is a versatile word that describes the action of turning something over so that the hidden or inner side becomes visible. This can apply to a wide range of objects and situations. Imagine flipping a pancake on a griddle, turning a page in a book, or even revealing a hidden message on the back of a piece of paper. In essence, it's about revealing the 'other side' of something.
In cooking, 裏返す is indispensable. When you're grilling fish or making okonomiyaki, you'll frequently need to 裏返す the food to ensure it cooks evenly on both sides. It's the direct equivalent of 'flipping' in English in this context.
Beyond the kitchen, 裏返す can be used for more abstract concepts. You might hear someone say they want to 裏返す a situation, meaning to change its outcome or perspective. It can also refer to turning a piece of clothing inside out, or even overturning a table in anger, though this is a less common nuance and often implied by context.
The core idea is always about inversion or revealing what was previously concealed. Think about a coin: when it lands, it has either landed heads up or tails up. The act of it landing on a specific side, or someone flipping it to see the other side, can be described with 裏返す.
Consider a map. If you've been looking at one side, and then you turn it over to see the other side, you have 裏返した (uragaeshita). The same applies to a card in a game, or even a piece of paper with writing on both sides. The action of making the backside visible is the essence of 裏返す.
The kanji 裏 (ura) itself means 'back', 'reverse', 'inside', or 'hidden side'. Combined with 返す (kaesu), which means 'to return' or 'to give back', it literally translates to 'returning the back side', which perfectly captures the meaning of turning something over.
This word is frequently used in everyday conversation, especially when discussing cooking, household chores, or even describing simple physical actions. Understanding 裏返す will significantly enhance your ability to comprehend and express a variety of common scenarios in Japanese.
Mastering 裏返す involves understanding its grammatical conjugation and its application in various contexts. As a verb, it follows standard Japanese verb conjugation rules. The dictionary form is 裏返す (uragaesu). The polite form is 裏返します (uragaeshimasu), and the past tense is 裏返した (uragaeshita).
In cooking, it's extremely common. You might say: 魚を焼くときは、時々裏返してください。
For everyday objects, you can use it similarly: この紙を裏返して、もう一度書いてみましょう。
You can also use it to describe something that has already been turned over: 彼のシャツは裏返しのまま着ている。
The potential form is 裏返せる (uragaeser u), meaning 'can flip'. For example, この大きな石は一人では裏返せない。
When something flips on its own, or when the action is passive, you might use the intransitive form 裏返る (uragaeru). For example, 風で看板が裏返ってしまった。
In summary, use 裏返す when you are actively performing the action of turning something over. Use 裏返る when the flipping happens naturally or without direct human intervention.
The verb 裏返す (uragaesu) is a staple in everyday Japanese conversation, particularly in contexts involving food preparation, household chores, and descriptions of physical actions. You'll hear it frequently in kitchens, restaurants, and even in casual chats about daily activities.
In the Kitchen: This is perhaps the most common place to encounter 裏返す. When people are cooking, especially dishes that require cooking on both sides, they will use this verb. Imagine watching a cooking show or talking to a friend about making a recipe: 'このお好み焼き、そろそろ裏返した方がいいかな？' (Kono okonomiyaki, sorosoro uragaeshita hō ga ii kana?) - 'Should I flip this okonomiyaki soon?' Or, 'ステーキを裏返して、両面をしっかり焼いてください。' (Steak o uragaeshite, ryōmen o shikkari yaite kudasai.) - 'Flip the steak and grill both sides thoroughly.'
Household Chores: When cleaning or organizing, 裏返す is also used. For example, if you're changing bedsheets, you might say, 'シーツを裏返して、きれいな方を使おう。' (Shītsu o uragaeshite, kirei na hō o tsukaō.) - 'Let's flip the sheet over and use the clean side.' Or, when folding laundry, '靴下を裏返しのまま畳まないように気をつけてね。' (Kutsushita o urageshi no mama tatamanai yō ni ki o tsukete ne.) - 'Be careful not to fold the socks while they're inside out.'
Describing Actions: Beyond specific tasks, it can describe the simple act of turning something over. For instance, if you're looking at a photo and want to see the back, you'd say, 'この写真、裏返して見てみよう。' (Kono shashin, uragaeshite mite miyō.) - 'Let's flip this photo over and take a look.' Or, if a game involves turning cards over, 'カードを裏返して、相手の動きを予想する。' (Kādo o uragaeshite, aite no ugoki o yosō suru.) - 'Flip the cards over and predict the opponent's moves.'
In Media: You'll find 裏返す in recipe books, cooking blogs, instructional videos, and even in manga or anime where characters are cooking or performing actions that involve flipping items.
Figurative Use (Less Common but Possible): While less frequent in everyday speech, the concept of 'turning things around' or changing a situation can sometimes be implied with 裏返す, though often more explicit phrasing is used. For example, 'この状況を裏返すような奇跡が起きないかな。' (Kono jōkyō o uragaesu yō na kiseki ga okinai kana.) - 'I wonder if a miracle could happen to turn this situation around.'
Pay attention to contexts involving physical manipulation of objects, especially food. This will give you a strong sense of when and how 裏返す is naturally used by native speakers.
Learners of Japanese sometimes make mistakes with 裏返す (uragaesu), often stemming from confusion with similar-sounding verbs or a misunderstanding of its transitive versus intransitive nature.
Mistake 1: Confusing 裏返す (uragaesu) with 裏返る (uragaeru). As mentioned before, 裏返す is transitive (you flip something), while 裏返る is intransitive (something flips itself). A common error is using 裏返す when the object flips on its own.
* Incorrect: 風で看板を裏返した。(Kaze de kanban o uragaeshita.) - *Incorrectly implies the wind flipped the sign actively.*
* Correct: 風で看板が裏返った。(Kaze de kanban ga uragaetta.) - *The sign flipped over due to the wind.*
Mistake 2: Overusing 裏返す for general 'turning'. While 裏返す means 'to turn over', it specifically implies revealing the reverse side. For simply turning something in a different direction without necessarily showing the back, other verbs might be more appropriate, though context often clarifies.
* Example of nuance: If you're just rotating a chair, you wouldn't typically use 裏返す. You might use 回す (mawasu - to rotate) or 向きを変える (muki o kaeru - to change direction).
Mistake 3: Incorrect particle usage. When using the transitive 裏返す, the object being flipped is usually marked with the particle を (o). Forgetting this or using the wrong particle can lead to unnatural sentences.
* Incorrect: 卵を裏返す。(Tamago uragaesu.) - *Missing the object particle.*
* Correct: 卵を裏返す。(Tamago o uragaesu.) - *Correctly marks the egg as the object.*
Mistake 4: Not distinguishing between flipping food and flipping other objects. While the core meaning is the same, in culinary contexts, the emphasis is on even cooking. Outside of cooking, it might be about revealing information or simply changing orientation.
* Cooking: ハンバーグを裏返して、両面を焼く。(Hanbāgu o uragaeshite, ryōmen o yaku.) - *Flip the hamburger patty and grill both sides.*
* General: 手紙の裏を返して、宛名を確認した。(Tegami no ura o kaeshite, atena o kakunin shita.) - *I turned the letter over and checked the address.*
Being mindful of the transitive/intransitive distinction and the specific nuance of revealing the 'back' or 'reverse' side will greatly help in using 裏返す correctly.
While 裏返す (uragaesu) is the primary verb for 'to turn over' or 'to flip', several other words and phrases can be used depending on the specific nuance or context. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and allow for more precise expression.
- ひっくり返す (hikkurikaesu)
- This is a very common synonym for 裏返す, often used interchangeably. ひっくり返す can sometimes imply a more forceful or complete overturning, perhaps even to the point of spilling or falling. However, in many contexts, especially cooking, they are synonymous.
- ひっくり返す vs. 裏返す
- * Usage: Both are widely used. ひっくり返す might be slightly more common in casual speech for general flipping.
* Nuance: 裏返す specifically emphasizes showing the reverse/hidden side. ひっくり返す can sometimes imply a more general 'upside down' or 'topsy-turvy' state. For example, you might say 'コップをひっくり返して水をこぼした' (Koppu o hikkurikaeshite mizu o koboshita - I knocked over the glass and spilled water), where 裏返す would be less fitting. - 転がす (korogasu)
- This verb means 'to roll' or 'to tumble'. It's used when an object is made to roll, often intentionally. It's not about flipping to show the other side, but about causing something to move by rolling.
- 転がす vs. 裏返す
- * Usage: Use 転がす for rolling objects like balls, logs, or even a coin when you want it to spin on its edge.
* Difference: You wouldn't say 'パンケーキを転がす' (korogasu) to flip a pancake; you'd say 'パンケーキを裏返す' (uragaesu) or 'ひっくり返す' (hikkurikaesu). - 逆さまにする (sakasa ni suru)
- This phrase means 'to turn upside down' or 'to invert'. It focuses on the orientation rather than necessarily revealing the specific reverse side. It can be used for objects that are not typically 'flipped' like food.
- 逆さまにする vs. 裏返す
- * Usage: Use 逆さまにする when the main point is that something is now upside down.
* Difference: If you turn a book upside down, you'd use 逆さまにする. If you opened it and turned it to show the blank back cover, you might use 裏返す. For cooking, 裏返す or ひっくり返す are preferred. - 表にする (omote ni suru)
- This means 'to make the front/right side visible'. It's the opposite action of 裏返す. If something is 裏返っている (uragaette iru - inside out), you would 表にする (omote ni suru - turn it right side out).
- 表にする vs. 裏返す
- * Usage: 表にする is used when the goal is to show the 'proper' or 'front' side.
* Relationship: It's the antonymous action to revealing the裏 (ura) side. If you 裏返す something, you are intentionally not showing the 表 (omote) side, or vice-versa.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The kanji 裏 itself is composed of ヰ (a variant of い, indicating direction or place) and 尸 (roof, representing a building or dwelling). It originally depicted something hidden or within a structure, hence its meaning of 'inside' or 'back'. The verb 返す has ancient origins, related to returning to a previous state or location.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'r' as a hard 'r' like in English.
- Making the final 'su' too strong.
- Not linking the syllables smoothly.
سطح دشواری
Recognizable in simple texts, especially recipes or descriptions of actions. Context is key for understanding nuances.
Easy to use in basic sentences. Differentiating between 裏返す and 裏返る requires more careful attention.
Commonly used in spoken Japanese, especially in daily contexts like cooking. The distinction between transitive and intransitive forms is important for natural speech.
The word is frequently heard in everyday conversations, particularly related to food and activities. Its meaning is usually clear from context.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Transitive vs. Intransitive Verbs
裏返す (transitive - to flip something) vs. 裏返る (intransitive - to flip itself). Example: 魚を裏返す (flip the fish) vs. 魚が裏返る (the fish flips over).
Te-form for requests and combining actions
パンケーキを裏返して焼いてください。(Flip the pancake and grill it.)
〜まま (mama) - as is; in the state of
裏返しのまま着る。(Urageshi no mama kiru.) - To wear something inside out.
Potential Form (〜える/〜れる)
この石は一人では裏返せない。(Kono ishi wa hitori de wa uragaesenai.) - I cannot flip this stone by myself.
〜ように (yō ni) - so that; in order to
均一に火が通るように裏返す。(Kin'itsu ni hi ga tōru yō ni uragaesu.) - Flip it so that it cooks evenly.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
パンを裏返してください。
Please flip the bread.
Uses the polite request form.
コインを裏返しました。
I flipped the coin.
Past tense of the verb.
本を裏返して置きました。
I placed the book face down.
Describes the state after flipping.
お皿を裏返して、乾かします。
I will flip the plate over to dry it.
Purpose clause.
シャツが裏返っています。
The shirt is inside out.
Describes the current state using the intransitive form.
タコ焼きを裏返してください。
Please flip the takoyaki.
Specific food item.
フライパンを裏返して、焦げ付きを落とす。
Flip the frying pan to remove burnt bits.
Action for cleaning.
地図を裏返して、別の面を見る。
Flip the map over to see the other side.
Purpose of flipping.
魚を焼くときは、時々裏返してください。
When grilling fish, please flip it over occasionally.
Adverbial clause of time.
このカードを裏返して、相手に見せてください。
Flip this card over and show it to the opponent.
Imperative with a second clause.
彼の服はいつも裏返しのままだ。
His clothes are always worn inside out.
Describes a habitual state.
パレットナイフで絵の具を裏返して混ぜる。
Flip the paint with a palette knife and mix.
Describing a technique.
テーブルを裏返して、修理を始める。
Flip the table over to begin repairs.
Purpose clause.
風で葉っぱが裏返ってしまった。
The leaves flipped over due to the wind.
Intransitive verb describing a natural event.
この本は、裏表紙を裏返して読む。
This book is read by flipping over the back cover.
Describes a specific way of reading.
お皿が割れないように、そっと裏返してください。
Please flip the plate gently so it doesn't break.
Conditional clause for caution.
お好み焼きを焼くときは、均一に火が通るように時々裏返します。
When grilling okonomiyaki, I flip it occasionally so that it cooks evenly.
Explains the reason for the action.
このパズルは、ピースを裏返して模様を合わせるのが難しい。
This puzzle is difficult because you have to flip the pieces over to match the pattern.
Describes a challenging aspect of an activity.
彼は怒って、テーブルを裏返してしまった。
He got angry and flipped the table over.
Expresses cause and effect of strong emotion.
古い地図は、紙がもろくなっているため、慎重に裏返さなければなりません。
Because the old map's paper has become brittle, it must be flipped over carefully.
Adverbial clause of reason and necessity.
ゴミ袋が破れて、中身が裏返ってしまった。
The garbage bag tore, and its contents spilled out.
Describes an unfortunate event using the intransitive verb.
このジャケットはリバーシブルなので、裏返しても着られます。
This jacket is reversible, so you can wear it inside out too.
Describes a feature of an item.
試合で不利になったので、チームは作戦を裏返して逆転を狙った。
The team was at a disadvantage in the game, so they reversed their strategy to aim for a comeback.
Figurative use, implying a change in approach.
彼女は、隠されたメッセージを見つけるために、手紙を裏返して隅々まで調べた。
She flipped the letter over and examined every corner to find the hidden message.
Describes a detailed search.
調理の基本として、食材を裏返すタイミングを正確に把握することが重要です。
As a fundamental cooking principle, it is important to accurately grasp the timing for flipping ingredients.
Emphasizes importance and timing.
この古い絨毯は、裏返して使用することで、傷んだ部分を隠し、寿命を延ばすことができます。
By using this old carpet flipped over, you can hide the damaged parts and extend its lifespan.
Explains a practical benefit of flipping.
政治的な駆け引きでは、相手の意図を裏返すような大胆な行動が求められることがある。
In political maneuvering, bold actions that reverse the opponent's intentions are sometimes required.
Figurative use in a complex context.
落書きされた壁画を修復する際、表面を裏返して元の状態に戻すことは不可能である。
When restoring a graffiti-covered mural, it is impossible to flip the surface over to return it to its original state.
Discusses limitations of restoration.
彼が提案した計画は、当初の目的を裏返すようなものであり、多くの反対を招いた。
The plan he proposed was such that it reversed the original objectives, inviting much opposition.
Describes a plan that contradicts initial goals.
この機械は、内部の部品にアクセスするために、筐体を裏返す必要があります。
This machine requires the casing to be flipped over in order to access the internal components.
Technical instruction.
事故の調査では、事故原因を特定するために、現場の状況を徹底的に裏返して分析した。
In the accident investigation, the scene's conditions were thoroughly analyzed by flipping them over to identify the cause.
Metaphorical use for deep analysis.
観客の予想を裏返すような、劇的な結末が用意されていた。
A dramatic ending was prepared that would reverse the audience's expectations.
Describes subverting expectations.
この料理の隠し味は、食材を揚げる前に片面を焦がすように裏返し、その香ばしさを引き出すことにあります。
The secret ingredient of this dish lies in flipping the ingredients before frying so they char slightly on one side, bringing out their fragrant aroma.
Describes a refined culinary technique.
歴史書においては、しばしば権力者の視点から語られる出来事を、民衆の視点から裏返して解釈することが求められる。
In historical writing, it is often required to interpret events, which are frequently narrated from the perspective of those in power, by flipping them to the perspective of the common people.
Academic discussion on historical interpretation.
企業の経営戦略においては、市場の動向を予測するだけでなく、時にはその動向を裏返すような革新的なアプローチが成功の鍵となる。
In corporate management strategy, it is not only about predicting market trends but sometimes an innovative approach that reverses those trends becomes the key to success.
Advanced business strategy concept.
法廷での弁論では、証拠の解釈を巧みに裏返し、陪審員の心証を操作することが不可欠な技術となりうる。
In courtroom oratory, skillfully reversing the interpretation of evidence and manipulating the jury's perception can become an essential skill.
Legal strategy and rhetoric.
芸術作品の鑑賞においては、制作者の意図をそのまま受け取るのではなく、作品を多角的に裏返して、隠されたメッセージや批評性を読み取ろうと試みることが重要である。
In appreciating works of art, it is important not to simply accept the creator's intent but to flip the work from multiple angles and attempt to read its hidden messages and critical aspects.
Art criticism and interpretation.
社会運動の担い手たちは、既存の価値観を裏返すようなオルタナティブなライフスタイルを提案することで、変革を促そうとした。
The proponents of social movements attempted to instigate change by proposing alternative lifestyles that would flip existing values.
Sociopolitical discourse.
この小説は、読者の常識を裏返すような展開と、予想外の結末で読者を引きつける。
This novel captivates readers with developments that reverse their common sense and an unexpected ending.
Literary analysis.
量子力学の世界では、我々の日常的な直感を裏返すような現象が数多く観測されている。
In the world of quantum mechanics, numerous phenomena that reverse our everyday intuition are observed.
Scientific concepts that challenge common understanding.
その哲学者によれば、我々が真実と信じているものの多くは、視点をわずかに裏返すだけで、全く異なる意味合いを帯びるという。
According to that philosopher, much of what we believe to be true takes on an entirely different meaning simply by slightly reversing our perspective.
Philosophical discourse on epistemology.
経済学におけるパラダイムシフトは、既存の理論を根底から裏返すような、革新的な発見や概念の導入によってもたらされることが多い。
Paradigm shifts in economics are often brought about by the introduction of innovative discoveries or concepts that fundamentally reverse existing theories.
Advanced economic theory.
現代アートの文脈では、鑑賞者の能動的な解釈を促すために、作品自体が鑑賞者の視覚的・概念的な常識を裏返すように設計されている場合がある。
In the context of contemporary art, works are sometimes designed to reverse the viewer's visual and conceptual common sense, in order to encourage active interpretation by the viewer.
Critical analysis of contemporary art.
言語学における構造主義的アプローチは、表面的な意味合いを裏返し、言語の深層構造や普遍的な規則性を明らかにしようとした。
The structuralist approach in linguistics attempted to reveal the deep structure and universal regularities of language by flipping over its surface meanings.
Linguistic theory and methodology.
政治的プロパガンダの巧みさは、事実を捻じ曲げ、人々の認識を裏返すことで、大衆の意見を操作する能力にある。
The skillfulness of political propaganda lies in its ability to manipulate public opinion by distorting facts and reversing people's perceptions.
Analysis of propaganda techniques.
生物学における進化論の発展は、それまでの静的な生命観を根本から裏返すものであり、生命の多様性と適応性を浮き彫りにした。
The development of evolutionary theory in biology was something that fundamentally reversed the static view of life up to that point, highlighting the diversity and adaptability of life.
Scientific historical context.
心理学の研究では、自己肯定感を高めるために、ネガティブな自己認識を意図的に裏返すような認知行動療法が用いられる。
In psychological research, cognitive behavioral therapy that intentionally reverses negative self-perceptions is used to enhance self-esteem.
Therapeutic psychological techniques.
このSF小説は、我々が当然と考えている現実の法則を巧みに裏返し、読者に存在の根源について深く考えさせる。
This science fiction novel skillfully reverses the laws of reality that we take for granted, making the reader deeply contemplate the origins of existence.
Philosophical themes in literature.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To flip over; to turn over.
パンケーキを裏返してください。 Pancakes o uragaeshite kudasai. Please flip the pancake.
— Inside out; with the reverse side showing.
シャツを裏返しのまま着てしまった。 Shatsu o urageshi no mama kite shimatta. I ended up wearing my shirt inside out.
— To turn over by itself; to become inside out (intransitive).
風で旗が裏返った。 Kaze de hata ga uragaetta. The flag flipped over in the wind.
— Front and back; the two sides of something.
このコインには裏表がある。 Kono koin ni wa uraomote ga aru. This coin has a front and a back.
— Frankly; without pretense; straightforwardly.
彼は裏表なく話す人だ。 Kare wa uraomote naku hanasu hito da. He is someone who speaks frankly.
— As if flipping over; to completely change or invert.
彼の態度は裏返すように変わった。 Kare no taido wa uragaesu yō ni kawatta. His attitude changed as if he had flipped over.
— Having flipped over; turned over.
裏返して置かれた本。 Uragaeshite okareta hon. A book that was placed upside down.
— Flipped over; turned over.
裏返ったカードをめくる。 Uragaetta kādo o mekuru. To turn over a flipped card.
— Two sides of the same coin; inseparable.
経済と環境問題は表裏一体だ。 Keizai to kankyō mondai wa uraomote ittai da. Economy and environmental issues are two sides of the same coin.
— The back side; the reverse side.
建物の裏側には駐車場がある。 Tatemono no uragawa ni wa chūshajō ga aru. There is a parking lot on the back side of the building.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
This is the intransitive form. 裏返す is transitive (you flip something), while 裏返る means something flips by itself. Mistaking these can lead to sentences like 'The sign flipped over' being said as 'I flipped over the sign'.
While 返す means 'to return' or 'to give back', 裏返す specifically adds the nuance of turning over to show the reverse side. You return a book, but you flip a pancake.
A very close synonym, often interchangeable. However, ひっくり返す can sometimes imply a more forceful or complete overturning, perhaps even causing something to spill or fall, whereas 裏返す more consistently implies revealing the reverse side.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To speak frankly, honestly, and without pretense. Similar to 'speak one's mind'.
彼女はいつも裏表なく話すので、信頼できる。 Kanojo wa itsumo uraomote naku hanasu node, shinrai dekiru. She always speaks frankly, so she is trustworthy.
Neutral— A two-faced person; someone who is insincere or deceitful.
あの人は裏表のある人だから、気をつけてね。 Ano hito wa uraomote no aru hito dakara, ki o tsukete ne. Be careful, because that person is two-faced.
Informal— To outsmart someone; to get the better of someone by being clever or deceptive.
相手の裏をかくような戦略を立てた。 Aite no ura o kaku yō na senryaku o tateta. I devised a strategy that would outsmart the opponent.
Neutral— A trick or a clever, often unofficial, method to achieve something. A 'cheat code' or 'hack'.
このゲームの裏技を教えてくれた。 Kono gēmu no urawaza o oshiete kureta. He taught me a cheat for this game.
Informal— To live a life outside the mainstream; to take an unconventional path, often implying hardship or less conventional success.
彼は若い頃、裏街道を歩むことを選んだ。 Kare wa wakai koro, urakaidō o ayumu koto o eranda. He chose to walk an unconventional path when he was young.
Figurative— To backfire; to have an unintended negative outcome.
計画が裏目に出て、状況は悪化した。 Keikaku ga urame ni dete, jōkyō wa akushita. The plan backfired, and the situation worsened.
Neutral— To know something thoroughly, from all angles; to be familiar with both sides of a situation.
彼はこの業界の表も裏も知っている。 Kare wa kono gyōkai no omote mo ura mo shitte iru. He knows this industry inside and out.
Neutral— The hidden circumstances; the inside story; the behind-the-scenes details.
その事件には複雑な裏事情があったようだ。 Sono jiken ni wa fukuzatsu na urajijō ga atta yō da. It seems there were complex hidden circumstances behind that incident.
Neutral— Falsetto voice.
彼は裏声で歌うのが得意だ。 Kare wa uragoe de utau no ga tokui da. He is good at singing in falsetto.
Neutral— Illicit business; underground activity; criminal enterprise.
彼は裏稼業に関わっていたという噂がある。 Kare wa urakagyō ni kakawatte ita to iu uwasa ga aru. There's a rumor that he was involved in illicit business.
Informal/Negativeبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both involve the concept of 'turning over' and share the kanji 裏.
裏返す is transitive (active: 'I flip the pancake'). 裏返る is intransitive (passive/natural: 'The pancake flipped over'). For example, '魚を裏返す' (I flip the fish) vs. '魚が裏返った' (The fish flipped over).
風で看板を裏返した。(Incorrect, implies wind actively flipped it) vs. 風で看板が裏返った。(Correct, the sign flipped due to wind).
Both verbs involve the action of 'returning' or 'changing state'.
返す is general: 'return a borrowed item', 'give back change', 'reply'. 裏返す specifically means to turn something over to show its reverse side. You '返す' a compliment, but you '裏返す' a pancake.
本を返す。(Hon o kaesu.) - To return a book. vs. 本を裏返す。(Hon o uragaesu.) - To turn the book over to show the back cover.
It's a very close synonym, especially in cooking.
While often interchangeable, ひっくり返す can sometimes imply a more forceful or complete overturning, possibly leading to spilling or falling. 裏返す more consistently emphasizes showing the reverse side. For example, 'コップをひっくり返して水をこぼした' (I turned the cup over and spilled water) is more natural than using 裏返す for spilling.
パンケーキを裏返す。(Pancake o uragaesu.) - Flip the pancake. vs. テーブルをひっくり返す。(Tēburu o hikkurikaesu.) - Flip the table over (potentially with more force).
Both involve changing the orientation of an object.
逆さまにする means 'to turn upside down', focusing on the inverted orientation. 裏返す means 'to flip over' to show the reverse side. You can 逆さまにする a bottle, but you 裏返す a pancake. If you turn a book upside down, it's 逆さまにする; if you turn it to show the back cover, it's 裏返す.
傘を逆さまにする。(Kasa o sakasa ni suru.) - To turn an umbrella upside down. vs. 傘の裏側を見るために裏返す。(Kasa no uragawa o miru tame ni uragaesu.) - To flip the umbrella to see its underside.
It's the direct opposite action of 裏返す.
表にする means 'to make the front side visible'. If a shirt is inside out (裏返っている), you 表にする it. 裏返す makes the back side visible, while 表にする makes the front side visible.
裏返った靴下を表にして履いた。(Uragaetta kutsushita o omote ni shite haita.) - I put on the inside-out socks right-side out.
الگوهای جملهسازی
Noun + を + 裏返す。
パンを裏返す。(Pan o uragaesu.) - Flip the bread.
Noun + を + 裏返して + Verb。
コインを裏返して、表にした。(Koin o uragaeshite, omote ni shita.) - I flipped the coin and made it heads.
Noun + は + 裏返しのまま + Verb。
シャツは裏返しのまま着ないでください。(Shatsu wa urageshi no mama kinaide kudasai.) - Please don't wear your shirt inside out.
Noun + が + 裏返る。
風で旗が裏返った。(Kaze de hata ga uragaetta.) - The flag flipped over in the wind.
Noun + を + 裏返す + ために / 〜ように。
均一に焼くために、魚を裏返した。(Kin'itsu ni yaku tame ni, sakana o uragaeshita.) - I flipped the fish to cook it evenly.
Noun + を + 裏返す + ことは + 可能/不可能。
この重い箱を一人で裏返すことは不可能だ。(Kono omoi hako o hitori de uragaesu koto wa fukanō da.) - It is impossible to flip this heavy box by myself.
Figurative: Situation + を + 裏返す。
彼の発言は、場の空気を裏返すものだった。(Kare no hatsugen wa, ba no kūki o uragaesu mono datta.) - His remark was something that reversed the atmosphere of the place.
Abstract concept + を + 裏返す + ような + Noun。
常識を裏返すような斬新なアイデア。(Jōshiki o uragaesu yō na zanshin na aidea.) - An innovative idea that reverses common sense.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
High, especially in spoken Japanese related to daily life.
-
Using 裏返す when the action is intransitive.
→
Using 裏返る when something flips by itself.
Learners often confuse the transitive 裏返す (to flip something) with the intransitive 裏返る (to flip over by itself). For example, saying '看板を裏返した' (I flipped the sign) when the wind caused it to flip, where '看板が裏返った' (The sign flipped over) is correct.
-
Forgetting the object particle 'を'.
→
Including the object particle 'を' before 裏返す.
When using the transitive verb 裏返す, the direct object being flipped must be marked with the particle を (o). For example, 'パンケーキを裏返す' is correct, while 'パンケーキ裏返す' is not.
-
Using 裏返す for general 'turning' or 'rotating'.
→
Using appropriate verbs like 回す (mawasu - to rotate) or 向きを変える (muki o kaeru - to change direction) when the reverse side is not necessarily being revealed.
裏返す specifically implies revealing the back or hidden side. If you are simply turning a chair or rotating an object without showing its reverse, other verbs are more suitable. For instance, '椅子を回す' (to turn a chair) is better than '椅子を裏返す'.
-
Confusing 裏返す with 返す.
→
Using 裏返す for flipping and 返す for returning or giving back.
返す (kaesu) is a general verb for 'returning' or 'giving back'. 裏返す specifically means to turn something over to show its reverse side. You '返す' a book (return it), but you '裏返す' a pancake (flip it).
-
Using 裏返す when 逆さまにする is more appropriate.
→
Using 逆さまにする for 'turning upside down' and 裏返す for 'flipping over to show the reverse side'.
逆さまにする means to turn something completely upside down. 裏返す is about showing the back or hidden side. For example, 'コップを逆さまにする' (turn a cup upside down) is different from 'コップの裏側を見るために裏返す' (flip the cup to see its underside).
نکات
Cooking Context
When you're cooking, especially grilling or frying, think 'uragaesu' for flipping. It's the most natural verb to use for ensuring food cooks evenly on both sides.
Active vs. Natural
Remember the difference: 裏返す is when YOU flip something. 裏返る is when it flips on its own (like a sign in the wind). Pay attention to the subject and object particles (を vs. が).
Front vs. Back
Contrast 裏返す (show the back) with 表にする (show the front). If your shirt is inside out (裏返っている), you need to 表にする it.
Sound Association
Link 'ura' to 'under' or 'back' and 'kaesu' to 'flip' or 'return'. So, 'ura-kaesu' is flipping to the 'under' or 'back' side. Imagine flipping a pancake to cook the 'under' side.
Beyond Cooking
Don't limit 裏返す to food. Think about flipping pages, cards, or even turning clothes inside out (or describing them as such).
Smooth Flow
Practice saying 'u-ra-ga-e-su' smoothly, making sure the 'r' is a flap and the syllables flow together naturally, rather than being distinct.
Turning Around Situations
While less common, 裏返す can be used metaphorically to mean reversing a situation or subverting expectations. Think of it as 'flipping the script'.
Knowing Alternatives
Be aware of ひっくり返す as a close synonym, especially in casual contexts, but also know when 裏返す's nuance of revealing the reverse side is more precise.
Particle Power
Remember that the transitive verb 裏返す takes an object marked with を (o). Forgetting this particle is a common error.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 裏返す in different contexts: cooking, objects, clothes, and even figurative situations. This active recall is key to mastery.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a pancake. You need to flip it to cook the other side. The 'ura' (裏) side is the one that's currently down, and you 'kaesu' (返す) it to cook it. So, ura-gaesu = flip the pancake!
تداعی تصویری
Picture a coin spinning in the air and landing. One side is 'ura' (tails), the other is 'omote' (heads). When you flip it, you're making the 'ura' side visible. Or, visualize a book being turned over to show its back cover.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find five different objects in your home and practice saying you will 裏返す them. For example, 'I will 裏返す the cushion,' or 'I will 裏返す the book.'
ریشه کلمه
The word is a compound of 裏 (ura), meaning 'back', 'reverse', or 'hidden side', and 返す (kaesu), meaning 'to return', 'to give back', or 'to flip'. The literal meaning is 'to return the back side', which perfectly captures the action of turning something over to show its reverse.
معنای اصلی: To make the back side come to the front.
Japonicبافت فرهنگی
The term itself is neutral. However, using it figuratively, like 裏返す a situation, can imply a significant change, which might be perceived positively or negatively depending on the context.
In English, 'flip', 'turn over', 'turn upside down', and 'turn inside out' are all used depending on the context. 'Flip' is very common for food, while 'turn over' is more general. 'Turn inside out' is specific to clothing.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Cooking and food preparation
- パンケーキを裏返す。
- 魚を裏返して焼く。
- お好み焼きを裏返してください。
Household chores and organizing
- シャツを裏返してたたむ。
- シーツを裏返して使う。
- 箱を裏返して中身を確認する。
Games and activities
- カードを裏返して並べる。
- コインを裏返して決める。
- パズルのピースを裏返す。
Describing the state of objects
- 服が裏返しのままです。
- 紙が裏返ってしまった。
- 看板が裏返って落ちた。
Figurative language (less common)
- 状況を裏返す。
- 相手の裏をかく。
- 常識を裏返す。
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"今日の夕食は何を作る？魚を焼くなら、裏返すタイミングが大事だよね。"
"この服、裏返しのまま着ちゃったみたい。どうしよう？"
"子供の頃、トランプでカードを裏返して遊ぶのが好きだったな。"
"料理で一番難しいのは、いつ裏返すかの判断だと思うんだけど、どうかな？"
"このパズル、ピースが裏返っていて、模様を合わせるのが大変だよ。"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a time you accidentally wore clothes inside out (裏返しのまま). What happened?
Think about your favorite food that needs to be flipped. Describe the process of preparing it, using the word 裏返す.
Imagine you have a secret message written on the back of a piece of paper. How would you explain the action of revealing it using 裏返す?
Describe a situation where you had to change your approach or strategy completely. Could you use 裏返す figuratively here? Explain.
Write about a time something flipped over unexpectedly (using 裏返る). What was it, and what was the result?
سوالات متداول
10 سوال裏返す (uragaesu) is a transitive verb, meaning you actively flip something over (e.g., 'I flip the pancake'). 裏返る (uragaeru) is an intransitive verb, meaning something flips over by itself or becomes flipped (e.g., 'The sign flipped over due to the wind'). The key is whether you are performing the action or the action happens naturally.
No, while it's very common in cooking, 裏返す is also used for many other objects. You can 裏返す a piece of paper, a card, a coin, or even turn a shirt inside out (though 裏返しのまま着る is more common for describing the state).
Yes, in many situations, especially cooking, ひっくり返す (hikkurikaesu) is a direct synonym and can be used interchangeably. However, ひっくり返す can sometimes imply a more forceful or complete overturning, potentially leading to spills, whereas 裏返す more specifically emphasizes revealing the reverse side.
裏返しのまま (urageshi no mama) means 'while it is inside out' or 'in an inside-out state'. For example, if you wear a shirt 裏返しのまま, the seams and labels that are normally on the inside are visible on the outside.
If you mean to invert something completely, the phrase 逆さまにする (sakasa ni suru) is more appropriate. For example, 'コップを逆さまにする' (to turn a cup upside down). 裏返す is more about revealing the reverse side.
Yes, though less commonly than its literal meaning. It can imply reversing a situation, outcome, or perception, similar to 'turning things around' or 'subverting expectations'. For example, '状況を裏返す' (to reverse the situation).
返す (kaesu) is a general verb meaning 'to return', 'to give back', or 'to reply'. 裏返す specifically means 'to turn over to show the reverse side'. You '返す' a book (return it), but you '裏返す' a pancake (flip it).
It's pronounced 'u-ra-ga-e-su'. The 'r' is a flap sound, similar to the 'tt' in American English 'butter'. The stress is relatively even across the syllables.
Common mistakes include confusing the transitive 裏返す with the intransitive 裏返る, forgetting the object particle を (o) when using the transitive form, or using it when a different verb like 逆さまにする would be more appropriate for simply turning something upside down.
Related words include 裏 (back/reverse side), 裏側 (back side), 裏表 (front and back), and the intransitive verb 裏返る (to turn over by itself). Synonyms like ひっくり返す and alternative actions like 表にする (to make the front side visible) are also important.
خودت رو بسنج 10 سوال
/ 10 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
裏返す (uragaesu) is the active verb for flipping an object to reveal its reverse side, most commonly encountered in cooking but applicable to many situations involving inversion.
- Verb meaning 'to turn over' or 'to flip'.
- Primarily used in cooking for flipping food.
- Also used for turning over objects like pages or clothes.
- Distinguish from 裏返る (uragaeru) - intransitive, something flips itself.
Cooking Context
When you're cooking, especially grilling or frying, think 'uragaesu' for flipping. It's the most natural verb to use for ensuring food cooks evenly on both sides.
Active vs. Natural
Remember the difference: 裏返す is when YOU flip something. 裏返る is when it flips on its own (like a sign in the wind). Pay attention to the subject and object particles (を vs. が).
Front vs. Back
Contrast 裏返す (show the back) with 表にする (show the front). If your shirt is inside out (裏返っている), you need to 表にする it.
Sound Association
Link 'ura' to 'under' or 'back' and 'kaesu' to 'flip' or 'return'. So, 'ura-kaesu' is flipping to the 'under' or 'back' side. Imagine flipping a pancake to cook the 'under' side.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر food
少々
B1لطفاً یک لحظه کوتاه صبر کنید. مقدار کمی نمک به غذا اضافه کنید.
〜ほど
B1حدود ده دقیقه منتظر ماندم. (I waited about ten minutes.)
~ほど
B1حدود، تقریباً؛ تا حدی که؛ نه به اندازه. مثال: حدود یک ساعت منتظر ماندم. (一時間ほど待ちました). آنقدر خستهام که میتوانم بمیرم. (死ぬほど疲れた).
豊富な
B1Abundant, rich in.
ふんだんに
B1این غذا از زعفران <mark>ふんだんに</mark> (به وفور) استفاده میکند.
足す
B1اضافه کردن چیزی برای کامل کردن مقدار. به عنوان مثال، اضافه کردن نمک به سوپ.
添加物
B1افزودنی. موادی که به غذاها اضافه میشوند تا ماندگاری، رنگ یا طعم آنها را بهبود ببخشند.
〜てから
B1بعد از انجام کاری. 'بعد از غذا خوردن، مسواک میزنم.'
~てから
B1از '~te kara' برای گفتن 'بعد از' انجام کاری استفاده کنید. به عنوان مثال: 'بعد از غذا خوردن، بیرون میروم.'
熟成させる
B1گوشت را برای بیست روز در یخچال مخصوص میگذاریم تا برسد و خوشمزه شود.
