修理
修理 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Shuuri (修理) means 'repair' or 'fixing' and is specifically used for physical, tangible objects like electronics and machinery.
- It functions as both a noun and a suru-verb, often appearing in professional or technical contexts rather than casual ones.
- Common patterns include '修理に出す' (send for repair) and '修理代' (repair cost), making it essential for daily consumer life.
- Unlike 'naosu,' it cannot be used for fixing mistakes or healing illnesses; it is strictly for hardware and physical structures.
The Japanese term 修理 (しゅうり - Shuuri) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'repair' or 'fixing.' At its core, it refers to the systematic process of restoring a physical object that has been damaged, broken, or is malfunctioning back to its original or a functional state. Unlike more general terms for 'fixing,' 修理 specifically targets tangible, mechanical, or structural items. This includes everything from a leaky faucet and a cracked smartphone screen to complex industrial machinery and automotive engines. The nuance of 修理 implies a level of technical intervention; it is not just about 'making something right' in an abstract sense, but about the physical labor and expertise required to mend hardware.
- Etymology
- Composed of '修' (discipline/study/repair) and '理' (logic/reason/truth), suggesting the restoration of the 'logic' or 'proper order' of an object.
- Scope
- Primarily used for machines, electronics, tools, furniture, and buildings.
- Grammar
- Commonly functions as a suru-verb (修理する) to mean 'to repair'.
自転車を修理してもらいました。
— I had my bicycle repaired.
When you use 修理, you are focusing on the act of mending. It is the go-to word when you take your car to a mechanic or your watch to a jeweler. It suggests a certain degree of complexity. For instance, while you might 'fix' (直す - naosu) a messy room, you would never '修理' a room unless you were literally repairing the walls or floorboards. The term carries a professional or technical weight, often associated with service centers (修理センター) and repair costs (修理代). Understanding this word is essential for daily life in Japan, as it appears on signs, in manuals, and in customer service interactions across all sectors of the economy.
この時計は修理が必要です。
— This watch needs repair.
In a broader context, 修理 serves as the umbrella term for various types of maintenance. Whether it is a minor patch-up or a major overhaul, if the goal is to make a broken physical thing work again, 修理 is the correct choice. It is also worth noting that 修理 is often used in the context of warranties (保証) and insurance (保険). If a product breaks within the warranty period, the manufacturer will provide 'free repair' (無料修理). This makes it a high-frequency word in consumer electronics and automotive industries. In Japanese society, where there is a long-standing culture of 'Mottainai' (waste not, want not), the act of 修理 is seen as a virtuous practice of valuing objects and extending their lifespan rather than simply discarding them for new ones.
古いカメラを修理して、また使い始めました。
— I repaired my old camera and started using it again.
- Common Collocations
- 修理に出す (To send for repair), 修理を依頼する (To request a repair), 修理が完了する (Repair is complete).
パソコンの修理には一週間かかります。
— The computer repair will take one week.
Finally, the word 修理 is distinct from 修復 (shuufuku). While both mean repair, 修復 is usually reserved for restoring art, historical monuments, or relationships—things where the 'original beauty' or 'original state' is the priority. 修理 is practical; it's about making the toaster toast bread again. If your car has a dent, you get it 修理ed. If a 14th-century temple is crumbling, it gets 修復ed. This distinction helps learners navigate the nuances of Japanese vocabulary and choose the word that best fits the level of craftsmanship or historical value involved in the task.
屋根の修理を専門家に頼んだ。
— I asked a specialist to repair the roof.
Using 修理 (しゅうり) correctly involves understanding its role as both a noun and a suru-verb. In its noun form, it is frequently the object of a sentence, often followed by particles like を (wo), が (ga), or の (no). For example, '修理を依頼する' (to request a repair) or '修理が終わる' (the repair is finished). When you want to express the action of repairing something yourself or having a professional do it, you add 'する' to make it '修理する'. This is a transitive verb, so the object being repaired is marked with を. For instance, 'スマホを修理する' (to repair a smartphone). It is important to note that in Japanese, we often use the causative or passive forms when we aren't the ones doing the actual physical work, such as '修理してもらう' (to have someone repair it for you).
The word is versatile across different registers of speech. In a business or formal setting, you will see it in compound nouns like 修理費用 (shuuri hiyou - repair costs), 修理業者 (shuuri gyousha - repair technician/company), and 修理報告書 (shuuri houkokusho - repair report). In these contexts, the word is indispensable for clear communication regarding maintenance and logistics. For learners, mastering the 'Noun + に出す' (ni dasu) pattern is particularly useful. Saying '靴を修理に出す' literally means 'to put shoes out for repair,' which is the standard way to say you are taking them to a shop to be fixed. This pattern applies to almost any portable object, from laptops to umbrellas.
Another key aspect of using 修理 is knowing when not to use it. As mentioned, it is for physical objects. You cannot '修理' a software bug (that's 修正 - shuusei), you cannot '修理' a broken heart (that's 癒やす - iyasu), and you cannot '修理' a misunderstanding (that's 解く - toku). If you are fixing a situation or a mistake, stick to 直す (naosu) or 修正 (shuusei). However, if you are dealing with anything that has nuts, bolts, circuits, or bricks, 修理 is your primary tool. In terms of levels, A1 learners should focus on the simple 'Object + を + 修理する' structure, while more advanced learners should look into the nuances of '修理' vs. '修繕' (shuuzen - often used for buildings or clothing) and '整備' (seibi - maintenance/overhaul).
You will encounter 修理 in a wide variety of everyday environments in Japan. One of the most common places is at electronics retail stores like Bic Camera or Yodobashi Camera, which usually have a dedicated '修理カウンター' (Repair Counter). Here, customers bring in malfunctioning gadgets. You will also see it frequently in the automotive world. Gas stations and car dealerships prominently display signs for '板金修理' (bankin shuuri - bodywork repair) or 'エンジン修理' (engine repair). If you live in an apartment in Japan, you might see notices from the management company regarding 'エレベーターの修理' (elevator repair) or '水道管の修理' (water pipe repair), often accompanied by an apology for the inconvenience.
In the digital realm, '修理' is a standard term on websites and apps. When a service is down for maintenance, or when a company provides a support page for broken products, the word will be used extensively. For example, 'オンライン修理受付' (Online Repair Request) is a common feature for tech brands like Sony or Nintendo. On television, news reports might mention '道路の修理' (road repair) after a natural disaster or '送電線の修理' (power line repair) during a blackout. In literature and film, a character might be a '修理工' (shuurikou - repairman/mechanic), a role that often implies a person who is handy, practical, and perhaps a bit of a tinkerer. Hearing this word usually signals that something has gone wrong, but that steps are being taken to restore order and functionality.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is overusing 修理 for non-physical corrections. Because the English word 'fix' is so broad, learners often try to use 修理 to mean 'fix a mistake' or 'fix a schedule.' In Japanese, these are strictly 修正 (shuusei) or 訂正 (teisei). For example, saying '文章を修理する' (repair a sentence) sounds very strange; it should be '文章を修正する.' Another common error is using 修理 for biological or natural healing. You cannot '修理' a broken bone or a cut on your finger; for that, you use 治す (naosu). While 'naosu' is written with a different kanji (治す for healing vs. 直す for fixing), the spoken word is the same, which can lead to confusion.
Another nuance mistake is using 修理 when 修復 (shuufuku) or 復旧 (fukkyuu) would be more appropriate. 復旧 is specifically used for restoring services or systems, like a train line or an internet connection after a crash. If the trains are stopped due to a technical fault, the news will talk about '復旧作業' (restoration work), not '修理作業.' Additionally, learners sometimes confuse 修理 with 改善 (kaizen). 修理 is about returning something to its *original* state because it's broken, whereas 改善 is about making something *better* than it was before, even if it wasn't broken. Finally, remember that 修理 is a relatively formal Sino-Japanese (Kango) word. In very casual conversation with friends about a small toy or a simple item, just using the verb 直す (naosu) is often more natural than the more 'heavy' sounding 修理する.
To truly master 修理, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. The most common alternative is 直す (naosu). This is a native Japanese (Wago) verb that is much broader in scope. It can mean to repair a car, fix a mistake, heal an illness, or even translate a sentence. While 修理 is a subset of 直す, it is more professional and specific to hardware. Another similar word is 修繕 (shuuzen). This term is often used for smaller-scale repairs or maintenance, particularly for clothing (like darning a sock) or parts of a house (like fixing a sliding door). It carries a sense of 'mending' or 'patching up' rather than full mechanical restoration.
Then there is 修復 (shuufuku), which we touched on earlier. This is used for restoration where the aesthetic or historical integrity is paramount, such as art restoration or repairing a damaged relationship. 整備 (seibi) is another important related word, meaning 'maintenance' or 'servicing.' While 修理 happens after something breaks, 整備 is often proactive to prevent it from breaking, like a regular car inspection (車検). Finally, 改造 (kaizou) means 'remodeling' or 'customizing.' If you change the parts of your PC to make it faster, that's 改造, but if you replace a burnt-out power supply to make it turn on again, that's 修理. Understanding these distinctions allows you to describe the exact nature of the work being done on an object.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Suru-verbs
Transitive verbs
Te-morau (receiving a favor)
Potential form (can do)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
この時計を修理してください。
Please repair this watch.
Uses the polite request form '~てください'.
自転車の修理はいくらですか?
How much is the bicycle repair?
Noun + の + 修理.
おもちゃを修理しました。
I repaired the toy.
Simple past tense of 修理する.
ここは修理屋です。
This is a repair shop.
修理屋 (Shuuri-ya) means repair shop/repairman.
修理は明日終わります。
The repair will finish tomorrow.
修理 as the subject.
靴を修理に出します。
I will send my shoes for repair.
修理に出す is a common idiom.
パソコンが壊れたので、修理が必要です。
The computer broke, so repair is necessary.
修理が必要 (repair is necessary).
父は修理が得意です。
My father is good at repairing things.
修理が得意 (good at repairing).
スマホの画面を修理してもらいました。
I had my smartphone screen repaired.
Uses '~てもらう' to show someone did it for the speaker.
修理代が高かったです。
The repair cost was expensive.
修理代 (Shuuri-dai) means repair fee.
このカメラは修理できません。
This camera cannot be repaired.
Potential negative form of 修理する.
修理に一週間かかると言われました。
I was told the repair would take one week.
Indirect quotation with 'と言われました'.
自分で自転車を修理してみました。
I tried repairing the bicycle by myself.
Uses '~てみる' (to try doing).
修理センターはどこですか?
Where is the repair center?
Compound noun: 修理センター.
壊れた椅子を修理して、また使っています。
I repaired the broken chair and am using it again.
Connecting sentences with the te-form.
修理が終わったら、電話をください。
Please call me when the repair is finished.
Conditional '~たら'.
メーカーに修理を依頼することにしました。
I decided to request a repair from the manufacturer.
修理を依頼する (to request a repair).
保証期間内なので、無料で修理できます。
It's within the warranty period, so it can be repaired for free.
保証期間内 (within warranty period).
古い家を修理しながら住んでいます。
I am living in an old house while repairing it.
Uses '~ながら' (while).
修理の仕方をYouTubeで調べました。
I looked up how to do the repair on YouTube.
修理の仕方 (how to repair).
この部品を交換すれば、修理は完了です。
If you replace this part, the repair is complete.
修理は完了 (repair is complete).
急いで修理をお願いしたいのですが。
I would like to ask for a repair urgently...
Polite request with '~たいのですが'.
修理業者に見積もりを出してもらいました。
I had the repair company give me an estimate.
見積もり (estimate/quote).
何度も修理しましたが、また壊れてしまいました。
I repaired it many times, but it broke again.
Uses '~てしまう' to show regret.
修理費用が新品を買うより高くなってしまった。
The repair cost ended up being higher than buying a new one.
Comparative structure with 'より'.
この機械は構造が複雑で、修理が困難です。
This machine has a complex structure and is difficult to repair.
修理が困難 (repair is difficult).
不具合の原因を特定してから修理に取り掛かる。
We will start the repair after identifying the cause of the malfunction.
修理に取り掛かる (to set about repairing).
定期的なメンテナンスが、大規模な修理を防ぐ。
Regular maintenance prevents large-scale repairs.
大規模な修理 (large-scale repair).
修理報告書には、作業の詳細が記載されている。
The repair report describes the details of the work.
修理報告書 (repair report).
部品の在庫がないため、修理には時間がかかります。
Since the parts are out of stock, the repair will take time.
在庫がない (out of stock).
この製品は、ユーザー自身での修理を推奨していません。
This product does not recommend repairs by the user themselves.
修理を推奨していない (does not recommend repair).
屋根の修理を機に、太陽光パネルを設置した。
Taking the roof repair as an opportunity, I installed solar panels.
~を機に (taking as an opportunity).
歴史的建造物の修理には、伝統的な技法が求められる。
The repair of historical buildings requires traditional techniques.
修理 vs 修復 nuance; 修理 used for structural work.
修理の是非を巡って、理事会で激しい議論が交わされた。
A heated debate took place in the board meeting regarding the pros and cons of the repair.
修理の是非 (the right or wrong/pros and cons of repair).
その場しのぎの修理では、根本的な解決にはならない。
A makeshift repair will not lead to a fundamental solution.
その場しのぎの修理 (makeshift/stopgap repair).
最新の診断システムを導入し、修理の効率化を図る。
We will introduce the latest diagnostic system to improve repair efficiency.
修理の効率化 (improving repair efficiency).
修理不能と判断された場合、代替品が提供されます。
If it is judged to be beyond repair, a replacement will be provided.
修理不能 (beyond repair).
インフラの老朽化に伴い、修理コストの増大が懸念されている。
With the aging of infrastructure, there are concerns about rising repair costs.
老朽化に伴い (along with aging).
彼は壊れた時計に再び命を吹き込む、修理の達人だ。
He is a master of repair who breathes life back into broken watches.
修理の達人 (master of repair).
製品の設計段階から、修理のしやすさを考慮すべきだ。
The ease of repair should be considered from the product design stage.
修理のしやすさ (ease of repair).
修理という行為は、単なる復元を超えた、物への慈しみである。
The act of repair is an affection for objects that transcends mere restoration.
Philosophical use of 修理.
緻密な計算に基づいた修理計画が、プロジェクトの成否を分ける。
A repair plan based on precise calculations determines the success or failure of the project.
修理計画 (repair plan).
高度な専門知識を要する修理作業は、熟練工の手に委ねられた。
The repair work requiring high-level expertise was entrusted to skilled craftsmen.
手に委ねられた (was entrusted to).
社会資本の維持管理において、事後修理から予防保全への転換が急務だ。
In the maintenance of social capital, shifting from reactive repair to preventive maintenance is an urgent task.
事後修理 (reactive/post-hoc repair).
そのバイオリニストは、名器の修理を世界最高の工房に託した。
The violinist entrusted the repair of the masterpiece to the world's finest workshop.
名器 (masterpiece instrument).
修理によって蘇ったその機械は、以前よりも静かに時を刻み始めた。
The machine, revived by the repair, began to tick more quietly than before.
修理によって蘇った (revived by repair).
宇宙ステーションの外壁修理は、極限状態での精密な作業を強いる。
Repairing the outer wall of the space station forces precise work under extreme conditions.
外壁修理 (outer wall repair).
法的な観点から、修理における知的財産権の保護が議論されている。
From a legal perspective, the protection of intellectual property rights in repairs is being discussed.
修理における (in/regarding repair).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Used for fixing mistakes, documents, or schedules.
Used for art, historical sites, or relationships.
Used for healing illnesses or injuries.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Object]を修理する
[Object]を修理に出す
修理に[Time]かかる
修理代は[Price]だ
修理が必要だ
修理してもらう
修理が完了する
修理を依頼する
نحوه استفاده
More formal than 'naosu'.
Can be used as a verb by adding 'suru'.
Cannot be used for abstract things like mistakes.
- Using 修理 for mistakes in writing.
- Using 修理 for healing a wound.
- Using 修理 for fixing a relationship.
- Saying '修理が上手' for a person.
- Using 修理 for software updates.
نکات
Hardware Only
Always associate '修理' with tools and machines. If you can't hit it with a hammer, you probably can't '修理' it.
Suru-Verb Power
Remember that adding 'suru' makes it an action. '修理' (repair) -> '修理する' (to repair).
Polite Requests
When asking a pro to fix something, '修理をお願いします' is the most natural and polite phrase.
Kanji Logic
The second kanji '理' means logic. Think of repair as 'restoring the logic' of a machine.
Store Signs
Look for the characters '修理' on signs in Japan; they often indicate where you can get keys made or shoes fixed.
Casual vs Formal
Use '直す' with friends, but use '修理' when talking to a business or service center.
Building Maintenance
In an apartment, '修理' usually refers to plumbing, electricity, or structural fixes.
Compound Nouns
You can create many useful words by adding a suffix, like '修理代' (cost) or '修理中' (in progress).
Mottainai Spirit
Mentioning you want to '修理' something instead of buying new often earns respect in Japan.
Mistake vs Repair
Never use '修理' for a typo. That is always '修正'.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
The combination implies restoring the logical or proper state of an object.
بافت فرهنگی
The art of repairing broken pottery with gold, celebrating the repair rather than hiding it.
The craftsman spirit often applied to high-level repair work.
The spiritual foundation of repair in Japan.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"このカメラ、修理したほうがいいかな?"
"修理代、いくらぐらいかかると思う?"
"どこかいい修理屋さんを知ってる?"
"自分で修理してみたことある?"
"修理が終わるまで、どのくらい待てる?"
موضوعات نگارش
最近、何かを修理しましたか?
修理してでも使い続けたい大切な物はありますか?
自分で修理するのが好きですか、それともプロに頼みますか?
修理できないほど壊れてしまった思い出の品はありますか?
『物を修理して使う』ことについてどう思いますか?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, '修理' is only for physical objects. For a broken heart, you would use words like '癒やす' (iyasu) or '慰める' (nagusameru).
'修理' is a formal noun/verb specifically for hardware. '直す' is a general native verb that can mean fix, heal, or correct.
You say '修理不能' (shuuri funou) or '修理できない' (shuuri dekinai).
Yes, but '修繕' (shuuzen) or '直し' (naoshi) are more common for clothing.
No, use '修正' (shuusei) for software bugs.
It means to take or send an item to a professional shop to be fixed.
Yes, it is extremely common in daily life, especially in consumer electronics and automotive contexts.
Yes, '修理する' and '修理をする' are both correct, though '修理する' is more common.
You say '修理の見積もりをお願いします' (Shuuri no mitsumori wo onegaishimasu).
It is a casual way to refer to a repair shop or a repairman.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Shuuri is your essential word for 'technical repair.' Whenever a machine, a tool, or a building is broken and needs professional or systematic fixing, use 修理. It conveys a sense of hardware restoration that more general words lack.
- Shuuri (修理) means 'repair' or 'fixing' and is specifically used for physical, tangible objects like electronics and machinery.
- It functions as both a noun and a suru-verb, often appearing in professional or technical contexts rather than casual ones.
- Common patterns include '修理に出す' (send for repair) and '修理代' (repair cost), making it essential for daily consumer life.
- Unlike 'naosu,' it cannot be used for fixing mistakes or healing illnesses; it is strictly for hardware and physical structures.
Hardware Only
Always associate '修理' with tools and machines. If you can't hit it with a hammer, you probably can't '修理' it.
Suru-Verb Power
Remember that adding 'suru' makes it an action. '修理' (repair) -> '修理する' (to repair).
Polite Requests
When asking a pro to fix something, '修理をお願いします' is the most natural and polite phrase.
Kanji Logic
The second kanji '理' means logic. Think of repair as 'restoring the logic' of a machine.
مثال
車を修理します。
محتوای مرتبط
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