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B1 noun #1,500 پرکاربردترین 14 دقیقه مطالعه

고용

goyong رتبه 1,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 고용 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 고용 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '고용' (goyong) very often in your own speaking, as it is quite formal. Instead, you will mostly use words like '일' (work) or '회사' (company). However, you might see '고용' on signs or in simple news headlines. Think of it as a big, official word for 'having a job' or 'hiring.' If you see '고용,' just remember it means something about jobs. For example, if you see '고용 센터,' it's a place that helps people find jobs. At this stage, just focus on recognizing the word when you see it in a professional context. You can think of it like the English word 'employment'—you wouldn't usually say 'I have employment' to a friend; you'd say 'I have a job.' '고용' is the 'employment' part.

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At the A2 level, you should begin to recognize '고용' in more contexts, especially when talking about companies or the government. You might learn the verb '고용하다' (goyong-hada), which means 'to hire.' While you would still use '취직하다' (to get a job) for yourself, you might hear a boss say, '우리는 직원을 고용해요' (We hire employees). You will also start to see this word in simple articles about the economy. It's important to start distinguishing between 'me getting a job' (취직/취업) and 'a company hiring' (고용). You might also encounter '고용 보험' (employment insurance) if you are living and working in Korea, as it is a standard part of a paycheck. Learning this word helps you understand the more formal side of Korean life.

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At the B1 level, '고용' becomes a key vocabulary word. You are expected to understand and use it in discussions about society, the economy, and professional life. You should be able to use '고용하다' (to hire) and '고용되다' (to be hired) correctly in sentences. You will also learn common phrases like '고용 시장' (job market) and '고용 불안' (job insecurity). At this level, you should understand that '고용' is the standard term used in news reports and official documents. If you are preparing for the TOPIK II exam, '고용' is a very frequent topic in the reading and listening sections. You should be able to explain the difference between '고용' (employment) and '해고' (firing) and discuss how employment rates affect a country. This is the stage where you move from simple 'job' talk to 'employment' talk.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of '고용.' You can discuss complex topics like '비정규직 고용' (irregular employment) versus '정규직 고용' (regular employment) and how they impact Korean society. You should be familiar with collocations like '고용 창출' (job creation) and '고용 유연성' (labor market flexibility). You can use '고용' in formal writing, such as essays or reports, to describe systemic labor issues. You should also understand the legal implications of the word, such as what is included in a '고용 계약서' (employment contract). At this level, you are not just using the word; you are analyzing the concepts behind it, such as the '고용률' (employment rate) and its relationship to economic growth. Your ability to use '고용' correctly in a professional debate or presentation is a sign of your advancing proficiency.

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At the C1 level, your use of '고용' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker in a professional or academic setting. You understand the subtle differences between '고용,' '채용,' and '임용' and can choose the correct one instinctively. You can discuss the historical evolution of '고용' in Korea, from the post-war industrialization to the modern gig economy. You are comfortable using high-level academic terms like '완전 고용' (full employment) or '고용 승계' (succession of employment). You can read and analyze complex legal documents or economic white papers where '고용' is a central theme. Your writing uses '고용' to build sophisticated arguments about labor policy, social welfare, and corporate responsibility. You also recognize the rhetorical use of the word in political speeches and can critique the '고용 정책' (employment policies) of different administrations.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of '고용' and all its related concepts. You can engage in deep philosophical or economic discussions about the future of '고용' in the age of AI and automation. You understand the most obscure legal precedents involving '고용' and can navigate the complexities of Korean labor law with ease. You can write professional-grade articles or deliver keynote speeches on '고용' trends, using the word with absolute precision and stylistic flair. You are also aware of the most subtle connotations and cultural baggage the word carries in different sectors of Korean society. For you, '고용' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile tool used to dissect and describe the very fabric of modern economic life. You can even use it in creative writing or high-level satire to comment on the nature of work and human value.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

고용 در ۳۰ ثانیه

고용 means employment or hiring, focusing on the formal and systemic act of providing jobs.
It is commonly used in business, news, and legal contexts rather than casual conversation.
The verb forms are 고용하다 (to hire) and 고용되다 (to be hired/employed).
Key compound words include 고용 보험 (employment insurance) and 고용률 (employment rate).

The Korean word 고용 (Goyong) is a fundamental noun in the Korean language, specifically within the realms of business, economics, and social structures. At its core, it refers to the act of hiring someone or the state of being employed. Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters), '고' (雇) means to hire or to pay for service, and '용' (用) means to use or to employ. Therefore, 고용 literally translates to 'hiring and using' someone's labor. This word is ubiquitous in formal settings, such as news reports discussing the national economy, human resources departments drafting contracts, and legal documents outlining labor rights. Unlike the more casual '알바' (part-time job) or the general '일' (work), 고용 carries a weight of formality and legal standing. It is the technical term used to describe the relationship between an employer (고용주) and an employee (피고용인 or 고용인). In modern South Korea, the concept of 고용 is deeply tied to social stability and economic health. Following the 1997 financial crisis, the nature of 고용 in Korea shifted from 'lifelong employment' (종신 고용) to more flexible and varied forms, making the term even more critical in daily discourse regarding job security and market trends.

Economic Context: In economics, 고용 refers to the utilization of labor as a factor of production. It is a key indicator of a country's economic performance.

정부는 청년 고용률을 높이기 위해 새로운 정책을 발표했습니다. (The government announced new policies to increase the youth employment rate.)

Understanding 고용 is essential for anyone looking to navigate the Korean professional world. It appears in phrases like '고용 보험' (employment insurance), which is a mandatory social security benefit in Korea, and '고용 계약서' (employment contract), the document that legally binds a worker to a company. While '취업' (getting a job) focuses on the individual's success in finding work, 고용 focuses on the systemic or organizational act of providing that work. For instance, a company '고용's a person, while a person '취업's at a company. This distinction is vital for B1 learners who are moving beyond basic survival Korean into more nuanced professional communication. You will hear this word constantly on the news (뉴스) when experts discuss the '고용 지표' (employment indicators) or the '고용 시장' (job market). It is a word that bridges the gap between individual livelihood and national policy.

Legal Nuance: The term is used in the '고용노동부' (Ministry of Employment and Labor), the government body responsible for labor affairs in South Korea.

그 회사는 장애인 고용에 앞장서고 있습니다. (That company is taking the lead in employing people with disabilities.)

Furthermore, 고용 is often discussed in terms of its 'stability' (안정). In Korea, '정규직 고용' (regular/permanent employment) is highly coveted compared to '비정규직 고용' (irregular/temporary employment) because of the benefits and security it provides. When people talk about their career goals, they might not use the word 고용 directly (they'd use 취직), but when they talk about the 'conditions' of their work or the 'actions' of their boss, 고용 becomes the operative term. It is a word that defines the power dynamic and the legal framework of the Korean workplace. Whether you are reading a newspaper, watching a documentary on social issues, or signing a contract for a teaching job in Seoul, 고용 is the keyword that anchors the conversation in the reality of professional life.

Social Impact: High employment rates are seen as a sign of a healthy society, while low 고용 rates often lead to social anxiety and government intervention.

불황으로 인해 기업들이 고용을 줄이고 있습니다. (Due to the recession, companies are reducing hiring.)

Using 고용 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a noun that frequently transforms into a verb. The most common transformation is 고용하다 (to hire/employ) and 고용되다 (to be hired/employed). Because it is a formal word, it is often paired with other nouns to create compound terms that describe specific aspects of the labor market. For example, if you want to talk about the 'employment environment,' you would say '고용 환경'. If you are discussing 'employment opportunities,' you use '고용 기회'. This modular nature makes it a powerful tool for building complex sentences in professional Korean. When using it as a subject, you might say '고용이 늘다' (employment is increasing) or '고용이 불안하다' (employment is unstable). The particle usage is standard: use '을/를' with '고용하다' (e.g., 직원을 고용하다 - to hire an employee) and '이/가' with '고용되다' (e.g., 외국인이 고용되었다 - a foreigner was hired).

Verb Form: Active: 고용하다 (To hire). Used when the subject is the employer or the company.

우리 회사는 매년 백 명의 신입 사원을 고용합니다. (Our company hires one hundred new employees every year.)

In more advanced contexts, 고용 is used to describe abstract economic concepts. For instance, '완전 고용' refers to 'full employment,' a state where everyone who wants to work can find a job. You will also see it in the context of '고용 승계' (succession of employment), which happens when one company takes over another and keeps the existing staff. For a B1 learner, the focus should be on mastering the 'Noun + Verb' patterns. It is also important to note that while '고용' is the act of hiring, '채용' (Chae-yong) is a very close synonym often used by companies in their recruitment advertisements. However, 고용 is broader and covers the entire state of being employed, whereas 채용 specifically focuses on the recruitment process. If you are writing a resume or a cover letter, you might mention your desire for 'stable employment' (안정적인 고용). If you are complaining about the economy, you might mention the 'difficult employment situation' (어려운 고용 상황).

Verb Form: Passive: 고용되다 (To be hired). Used when the subject is the worker or the person receiving the job.

그는 운 좋게도 대기업에 고용되었습니다. (He was luckily hired by a large corporation.)

Another interesting usage is in the phrase '고용 창출' (job creation). This is a favorite phrase of politicians and CEOs. They will say, '우리는 더 많은 고용 창출을 위해 노력하겠습니다' (We will strive for more job creation). In this sense, 고용 is treated as a commodity or a social good that can be 'created' (창출) or 'expanded' (확대). Conversely, in times of crisis, you might hear about '고용 조정' (employment adjustment), which is a polite euphemism for layoffs or restructuring. By learning these collocations, you can move from simple sentences to discussing complex social issues. Always remember that 고용 is a formal term; in a casual chat with friends about your new job, you’d more likely say '나 취직했어' (I got a job) rather than '나 고용됐어' (I was employed), which sounds a bit like a news broadcast.

Compound Usage: 고용 보험 (Employment Insurance). A key term for anyone working in Korea.

실직 후에는 고용 보험 센터에 방문해야 합니다. (After losing your job, you must visit the employment insurance center.)

You will encounter 고용 in a variety of real-world scenarios in Korea, ranging from the mundane to the highly official. The most frequent place is in the news. Every month, the Korean government releases the '고용 동향' (employment trends) report, which is covered extensively by broadcasters like KBS, MBC, and SBS. Anchors will discuss the '고용률' (employment rate) and the '실업률' (unemployment rate) in the same breath. If you are watching a debate between political candidates, '고용' will be a central theme as they argue over who can create more jobs. In the business world, during company meetings or shareholder briefings, executives use 고용 to discuss labor costs and human resource strategies. You might hear, '고용 비용이 상승하고 있습니다' (Employment costs are rising). This formal context is where the word truly lives.

In the News: Used to report on the health of the economy and labor statistics.

지난달 고용 지표가 긍정적으로 나타났습니다. (Last month's employment indicators appeared positive.)

Another common place is at the '고용센터' (Employment Center). These are government-run offices found in every major district in Korea. If a person loses their job, they go here to apply for '실업 급여' (unemployment benefits), which are funded by '고용 보험' (employment insurance). Inside these centers, you will see signs everywhere with the word 고용: '고용 상담' (employment counseling), '고용 지원' (employment support), and '고용 정보' (employment information). For an expat in Korea, you might hear this word when dealing with your visa. The Immigration Office often requires a '고용 계약서' (employment contract) to prove that you have a legitimate reason to stay in the country. Your HR manager might say, '고용 계약을 갱신해야 합니다' (We need to renew your employment contract). In this context, it is a very practical, administrative term.

In Legal Documents: Essential for contracts, visa applications, and labor disputes.

고용 계약서의 내용을 꼼꼼히 확인하세요. (Please check the contents of the employment contract carefully.)

Lastly, you will hear it in academic or social discussions regarding '고용 평등' (employment equality). This refers to the fair treatment of all workers regardless of gender, age, or background. Activists and professors use 고용 when discussing the 'glass ceiling' or the 'gender pay gap' (성별 임금 격차). In university lectures on sociology or economics, 고용 is a technical term used to analyze the structure of society. Even in K-Dramas, specifically those set in corporate environments (like 'Misaeng' or 'Search: WWW'), characters will use 고용 when discussing high-level strategy or the fate of the company's workforce. While it might not be the word you use to ask a friend where they work, it is the word you will see on every official document and hear in every serious discussion about work in Korea.

In Social Activism: Used in discussions about labor rights and fair hiring practices.

우리는 고용 차별을 반대합니다. (We oppose employment discrimination.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 고용 is confusing it with other 'job-related' words like 취업 (Chwi-eop), 채용 (Chae-yong), and 직업 (Jig-eop). While they all relate to work, their usage is very specific. 고용 is the act of hiring from the perspective of the system or the employer. 취업 is the act of getting a job from the perspective of the individual. You would never say '나는 고용했어' to mean 'I got a job'; that would mean 'I hired someone.' Instead, you say '나는 취업했어.' Another mistake is using 고용 in casual conversation. If you say '나 고용됐어' to a friend, it sounds overly robotic and formal, almost like you're reading a legal notice. In casual settings, '나 취직했어' or '나 일자리 구했어' (I found a job) is much more natural.

Confusion with 취업 (Chwi-eop): 고용 = Employer's action / System state. 취업 = Individual's action of finding work.

❌ 나 어제 삼성에 고용했어. (Incorrect: I hired Samsung yesterday.)
✅ 나 어제 삼성에 취업했어. (Correct: I got a job at Samsung yesterday.)

Another subtle mistake is the confusion between 고용 and 채용. While they are often interchangeable in the sense of 'hiring,' 채용 specifically refers to the recruitment and selection process (choosing the right person). 고용 is the broader term for the ongoing relationship of employment. For example, a '채용 공고' is a recruitment announcement, but '고용 보험' is employment insurance. You wouldn't say '채용 보험.' Furthermore, learners often forget the difference between '고용주' (employer) and '고용인' (employee). Because '인' (人) means person, some mistakenly think '고용인' is the one who does the hiring. In fact, '고용주' (雇傭主) uses the character '주' (owner/master), making them the employer. To avoid confusion, many Koreans use '피고용인' (the hired person) or simply '직원' (staff) for the employee.

Confusion with 채용 (Chae-yong): 채용 is the 'selection' process. 고용 is the 'employment' state/act.

❌ 회사가 새로운 고용 공고를 냈어요. (Awkward: The company posted an employment notice.)
✅ 회사가 새로운 채용 공고를 냈어요. (Natural: The company posted a recruitment notice.)

Finally, watch out for the pronunciation. The '고' is a short, clear sound, and '용' has a strong 'ng' ending. Some learners might confuse it with '교육' (Gyo-yuk - education) if they aren't careful with the vowels. While they sound somewhat similar to a beginner's ear, their meanings are worlds apart. In a professional setting, mispronouncing '고용' as '교육' could lead to significant confusion—for instance, saying you want to discuss 'employment' but accidentally saying you want to discuss 'education.' Always practice the 'o' (ㅗ) and 'yo' (ㅛ) sounds to ensure clarity. By being aware of these distinctions—formal vs. informal, individual vs. system, and recruitment vs. employment—you will use 고용 like a native speaker.

Pronunciation Check: 고용 [Go-yong] vs. 교육 [Gyo-yuk]. The vowels are the key difference.

정부는 고용 안정을 위해 노력하고 있습니다. (The government is striving for employment stability.)

To truly master 고용, you should understand its relationship with similar words. The Korean language has a rich vocabulary for work, and choosing the right word depends on the specific nuance you want to convey. The most common alternative is 채용 (Chae-yong). As mentioned before, 채용 is more about the 'picking' or 'recruiting' phase. If a company is looking for people, they use 채용. If they have already hired them and are talking about the workforce as a whole, they use 고용. Another word is 임용 (Im-yong), which is specifically used for the appointment of public officials or teachers. You wouldn't say a government official was '고용'ed in a general sense; you would say they were '임용'ed to a specific post. This adds a layer of official 'appointment' to the act of hiring.

고용 vs. 채용: 고용: The state/act of employment (broad). 채용: The act of recruiting/selecting (specific).

그 회사는 하반기 채용을 시작했습니다. (That company has started recruiting for the second half of the year.)

Then there is 취업 (Chwi-eop) and 취직 (Chwi-jik). These both mean 'getting a job.' 취업 is slightly more formal and is used in statistics (e.g., 취업률 - employment rate for individuals), while 취직 is more common in daily conversation (e.g., '나 취직했어!'). If you are talking about the 'labor' itself, you might use 노동 (No-dong) or 근로 (Geun-ro). '근로' is the term used in the '근로 기준법' (Labor Standards Act). While 고용 is the 'hiring' part, 근로 is the 'working' part. For example, a '고용인' is the person who was hired, but a '근로자' is the person who is performing the labor. Understanding these distinctions allows you to be much more precise in your Korean. If you want to talk about 'hiring' in a very casual way, you might even use the English loanword '스카우트' (scout) if you are talking about headhunting a talented person.

고용 vs. 임용: 고용: General employment. 임용: Official appointment (government, teachers).

그는 이번에 정식 교사로 임용되었습니다. (He was appointed as a formal teacher this time.)

In summary, while 고용 is your 'go-to' word for the concept of employment in a formal or economic sense, being aware of 채용, 임용, 취업, and 근로 will help you navigate different social contexts. If you are at a job fair, you are looking for '채용 정보.' If you are a student graduating, you are worried about '취업.' If you are a policy maker, you are worried about '고용.' Each word occupies a specific niche in the ecosystem of the Korean labor market. By learning these alternatives, you not only expand your vocabulary but also gain a deeper insight into how Korean society views the relationship between work, the individual, and the state.

고용 vs. 취업: 고용: Act of giving a job. 취업: Act of getting a job.

대학생들의 가장 큰 고민은 취업입니다. (The biggest concern for university students is getting a job.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 雇 (고) originally depicted a bird (隹) and a door (戶), suggesting the idea of a bird returning to its nest or a person being called to a house for work.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ko.joŋ/

US /koʊ.jɔŋ/

In Korean, stress is generally equal across syllables, but the first syllable '고' might have a slightly higher pitch in standard Seoul dialect.

هم‌قافیه با

조용 (Quiet) 내용 (Content) 이용 (Use) 수용 (Acceptance) 전용 (Exclusive use) 공용 (Public use) 작용 (Action/Effect) 적용 (Application)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '고' as '구' (Gu), making it sound like 'Guyeong'.
Missing the 'ng' sound at the end of '용', making it sound like 'Goyo'.
Confusing the 'o' (ㅗ) in '고' with 'yo' (ㅛ), making it sound like 'Gyoyong'.
Pronouncing the 'k' too strongly like a 'kh' sound.
Making the 'o' sound too much like the 'aw' in 'law'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Easy to recognize in news and documents once learned, but often appears in complex sentences.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal sentence structures and correct particle usage.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Not used much in casual speech, so learners might sound too formal if overused.

گوش دادن 3/5

Common in news broadcasts; clear pronunciation makes it relatively easy to hear.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

일 (Work) 회사 (Company) 사람 (Person) 하다 (To do) 되다 (To become)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

해고 (Firing) 실업 (Unemployment) 노동법 (Labor law) 임금 (Wages) 복지 (Welfare)

پیشرفته

유연안정성 (Flexicurity) 구조조정 (Restructuring) 통상임금 (Ordinary wage) 단체교섭 (Collective bargaining) 파견근로 (Dispatched labor)

گرامر لازم

Noun + 하다 (Active Verb)

회사가 직원을 고용하다. (The company hires an employee.)

Noun + 되다 (Passive Verb)

그는 대기업에 고용되었다. (He was hired by a large corporation.)

~으로 인해 (Due to/Because of)

불황으로 인해 고용이 줄었다. (Employment decreased due to the recession.)

~기 위해 (In order to)

고용을 늘리기 위해 정책을 세우다. (To establish a policy in order to increase employment.)

~음에도 불구하고 (Despite)

고용 지표가 좋음에도 불구하고 걱정이다. (I am worried despite the good employment indicators.)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

고용 센터에 가요.

I go to the employment center.

고용 (employment) + 센터 (center) + 에 (to) + 가요 (go).

고용은 중요해요.

Employment is important.

고용 (employment) + 은 (topic particle) + 중요해요 (is important).

그는 고용되었어요.

He was hired.

고용되다 (to be hired) in the past tense (고용되었어요).

직원을 고용해요.

We hire employees.

직원 (employee) + 을 (object particle) + 고용하다 (to hire).

고용 계약서예요.

It is an employment contract.

고용 (employment) + 계약서 (contract) + 예요 (is).

고용이 늘었어요.

Employment increased.

고용 (employment) + 이 (subject particle) + 늘다 (to increase) in past tense.

고용 보험이 있어요.

There is employment insurance.

고용 (employment) + 보험 (insurance) + 이 (subject particle) + 있어요 (there is).

고용주를 만나요.

I meet the employer.

고용주 (employer) + 를 (object particle) + 만나요 (meet).

회사가 사람을 고용하고 있어요.

The company is hiring people.

고용하다 (to hire) + -고 있다 (present progressive).

고용 조건이 아주 좋아요.

The employment conditions are very good.

고용 (employment) + 조건 (conditions) + 이 (subject particle) + 아주 (very) + 좋아요 (good).

새로운 직원을 고용할 거예요.

We will hire new employees.

고용하다 (to hire) + -(으)ㄹ 거예요 (future tense).

고용 센터에서 상담을 받았어요.

I received counseling at the employment center.

고용 센터 (employment center) + 에서 (at) + 상담 (counseling) + 을 (object) + 받다 (receive) in past tense.

고용 보험에 가입해야 해요.

You must sign up for employment insurance.

고용 보험 (employment insurance) + 에 (to) + 가입하다 (join/sign up) + -아야 해요 (must).

외국인 고용이 많아졌어요.

Hiring of foreigners has increased.

외국인 (foreigner) + 고용 (hiring) + 이 (subject) + 많아지다 (to become many/increase) in past tense.

고용 계약을 확인하세요.

Please check the employment contract.

고용 (employment) + 계약 (contract) + 을 (object) + 확인하다 (check) in imperative form.

그는 고용주와 이야기했어요.

He talked with the employer.

고용주 (employer) + 와 (with) + 이야기하다 (talk) in past tense.

정부는 고용률을 높이기 위해 노력합니다.

The government strives to increase the employment rate.

고용률 (employment rate) + 을 (object) + 높이다 (to raise) + -기 위해 (in order to).

불황으로 인해 고용이 불안정해졌습니다.

Due to the recession, employment has become unstable.

불황 (recession) + -으로 인해 (due to) + 고용 (employment) + 이 (subject) + 불안정해지다 (to become unstable).

회사는 장애인 고용을 확대하고 있습니다.

The company is expanding the employment of people with disabilities.

장애인 (person with disability) + 고용 (employment) + 을 (object) + 확대하다 (to expand) + -고 있다 (progressive).

고용 계약서에 서명하기 전에 잘 읽어보세요.

Read the employment contract carefully before signing.

고용 계약서 (employment contract) + 에 (on) + 서명하다 (sign) + -기 전에 (before).

고용 시장의 변화가 빠릅니다.

The changes in the employment market are fast.

고용 시장 (employment market) + 의 (possessive) + 변화 (change) + 가 (subject) + 빠르다 (fast).

그는 고용 보험 덕분에 생활할 수 있었어요.

He was able to live thanks to employment insurance.

고용 보험 (employment insurance) + 덕분에 (thanks to) + 생활하다 (to live) + -ㄹ 수 있다 (can).

고용 평등을 실현하는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to realize employment equality.

고용 평등 (employment equality) + 을 (object) + 실현하다 (realize) + -는 것 (gerund) + 이 (subject) + 중요하다 (important).

기업들이 고용을 줄이고 있어서 걱정이에요.

I'm worried because companies are reducing hiring.

기업 (enterprise/company) + 들 (plural) + 이 (subject) + 고용 (hiring) + 을 (object) + 줄이다 (reduce) + -어서 (because).

고용 창출은 국가 경제의 핵심 과제입니다.

Job creation is a core task of the national economy.

고용 창출 (job creation) + 은 (topic) + 국가 경제 (national economy) + 의 (possessive) + 핵심 과제 (core task) + 이다 (is).

비정규직 고용 문제는 사회적 갈등을 야기합니다.

The issue of irregular employment causes social conflict.

비정규직 (irregular worker) + 고용 (employment) + 문제 (issue) + 는 (topic) + 사회적 갈등 (social conflict) + 을 (object) + 야기하다 (cause).

기술의 발전이 고용 형태를 바꾸고 있습니다.

The advancement of technology is changing employment forms.

기술 (technology) + 의 (possessive) + 발전 (advancement) + 이 (subject) + 고용 형태 (employment form) + 를 (object) + 바꾸다 (change) + -고 있다 (progressive).

고용 유연성이 높아지면 실업률이 낮아질까요?

If labor market flexibility increases, will the unemployment rate decrease?

고용 유연성 (employment flexibility) + 이 (subject) + 높아지다 (to become high) + -(으)면 (if) + 실업률 (unemployment rate) + 이 (subject) + 낮아지다 (to become low) + -(으)ㄹ까요 (question).

회사는 고용 승계를 보장하기로 약속했습니다.

The company promised to guarantee the succession of employment.

고용 승계 (employment succession) + 를 (object) + 보장하다 (guarantee) + -기로 약속하다 (promise to).

고용 차별을 금지하는 법안이 통과되었습니다.

A bill prohibiting employment discrimination has been passed.

고용 차별 (employment discrimination) + 을 (object) + 금지하다 (prohibit) + -는 (modifying) + 법안 (bill) + 이 (subject) + 통과되다 (to be passed).

고용 지표가 개선되었음에도 불구하고 체감 경기는 여전히 차갑습니다.

Despite the improvement in employment indicators, the perceived economy is still cold.

고용 지표 (employment indicator) + 가 (subject) + 개선되다 (to be improved) + -음에도 불구하고 (despite) + 체감 경기 (perceived economy) + 는 (topic) + 여전히 (still) + 차갑다 (cold).

고용주와 피고용인 사이의 신뢰가 중요합니다.

Trust between the employer and the employee is important.

고용주 (employer) + 와 (and) + 피고용인 (employee) + 사이 (between) + 의 (possessive) + 신뢰 (trust) + 가 (subject) + 중요하다 (important).

고용 없는 성장은 현대 경제의 심각한 문제입니다.

Jobless growth is a serious problem in the modern economy.

고용 없는 성장 (jobless growth) + 은 (topic) + 현대 경제 (modern economy) + 의 (possessive) + 심각한 문제 (serious problem) + 이다 (is).

정부는 고용 안전망을 강화하기 위한 대책을 수립했습니다.

The government has established measures to strengthen the employment safety net.

고용 안전망 (employment safety net) + 을 (object) + 강화하다 (strengthen) + -기 위한 (for) + 대책 (measure) + 을 (object) + 수립하다 (establish).

인공지능의 도입이 고용 시장에 미치는 영향은 지대합니다.

The impact of AI introduction on the employment market is immense.

인공지능 (AI) + 의 (possessive) + 도입 (introduction) + 이 (subject) + 고용 시장 (employment market) + 에 (on) + 미치다 (to exert/impact) + -는 (modifying) + 영향 (influence) + 은 (topic) + 지대하다 (immense).

고용 형태의 다변화는 노동법의 개정을 요구하고 있습니다.

The diversification of employment forms is calling for the revision of labor laws.

고용 형태 (employment form) + 의 (possessive) + 다변화 (diversification) + 는 (topic) + 노동법 (labor law) + 의 (possessive) + 개정 (revision) + 을 (object) + 요구하다 (demand) + -고 있다 (progressive).

완전 고용 상태에 도달하는 것은 현실적으로 불가능에 가깝습니다.

Reaching a state of full employment is practically close to impossible.

완전 고용 (full employment) + 상태 (state) + 에 (at) + 도달하다 (reach) + -는 것 (gerund) + 은 (topic) + 현실적으로 (practically) + 불가능 (impossible) + 에 가깝다 (close to).

고용 유연화 정책은 노동계의 강력한 반발에 부딪혔습니다.

The policy for labor market flexibility met with strong opposition from the labor sector.

고용 유연화 정책 (employment flexibility policy) + 은 (topic) + 노동계 (labor sector) + 의 (possessive) + 강력한 반발 (strong opposition) + 에 (with/at) + 부딪히다 (to bump into/meet).

고용 세습 논란은 공정성 가치에 대한 사회적 논의를 촉발했습니다.

The controversy over hereditary employment triggered a social discussion on the value of fairness.

고용 세습 (hereditary employment) + 논란 (controversy) + 은 (topic) + 공정성 가치 (value of fairness) + 에 대한 (about) + 사회적 논의 (social discussion) + 를 (object) + 촉발하다 (trigger).

고용주의 권한과 피고용인의 권리 사이의 균형이 법치주의의 핵심입니다.

The balance between the employer's authority and the employee's rights is the core of the rule of law.

고용주 (employer) + 의 (possessive) + 권한 (authority) + 과 (and) + 피고용인 (employee) + 의 (possessive) + 권리 (rights) + 사이 (between) + 의 (possessive) + 균형 (balance) + 이 (subject) + 법치주의 (rule of law) + 의 (possessive) + 핵심 (core) + 이다 (is).

포스트 휴먼 시대의 고용 담론은 노동의 정의 자체를 재정립해야 합니다.

Employment discourse in the post-human era must redefine the very definition of labor.

포스트 휴먼 시대 (post-human era) + 의 (possessive) + 고용 담론 (employment discourse) + 은 (topic) + 노동 (labor) + 의 (possessive) + 정의 (definition) + 자체 (itself) + 를 (object) + 재정립하다 (redefine) + -해야 합니다 (must).

고용의 질적 개선 없는 양적 팽창은 사상누각에 불과합니다.

Quantitative expansion without qualitative improvement in employment is nothing more than a house of cards.

고용 (employment) + 의 (possessive) + 질적 개선 (qualitative improvement) + 없는 (without) + 양적 팽창 (quantitative expansion) + 은 (topic) + 사상누각 (house of cards) + 에 불과하다 (nothing more than).

고용 유연성과 안정성의 조화, 즉 '유연안정성' 모델에 대한 심도 있는 고찰이 필요합니다.

An in-depth consideration of the harmony between employment flexibility and stability, namely the 'flexicurity' model, is necessary.

고용 유연성 (employment flexibility) + 과 (and) + 안정성 (stability) + 의 (possessive) + 조화 (harmony) + 즉 (namely) + 유연안정성 (flexicurity) + 모델 (model) + 에 대한 (about) + 심도 있는 (in-depth) + 고찰 (consideration) + 이 (subject) + 필요하다 (necessary).

글로벌 공급망의 재편은 국내 고용 구조에 구조적인 변혁을 강요하고 있습니다.

The reorganization of global supply chains is forcing structural transformations on the domestic employment structure.

글로벌 공급망 (global supply chain) + 의 (possessive) + 재편 (reorganization) + 은 (topic) + 국내 고용 구조 (domestic employment structure) + 에 (on) + 구조적인 변혁 (structural transformation) + 을 (object) + 강요하다 (force) + -고 있다 (progressive).

고용의 종말이라는 극단적인 시나리오 속에서도 인간 존엄성을 지키는 노동의 가치는 유효합니다.

Even in the extreme scenario of the end of employment, the value of labor that protects human dignity remains valid.

고용 (employment) + 의 (possessive) + 종말 (end) + 이라는 (called) + 극단적인 시나리오 (extreme scenario) + 속에서도 (even in) + 인간 존엄성 (human dignity) + 을 (object) + 지키다 (protect) + -는 (modifying) + 노동의 가치 (value of labor) + 는 (topic) + 유효하다 (valid).

플랫폼 노동의 확산은 전통적인 고용 관계의 법적 개념을 무력화시키고 있습니다.

The spread of platform labor is neutralizing the legal concept of traditional employment relationships.

플랫폼 노동 (platform labor) + 의 (possessive) + 확산 (spread) + 은 (topic) + 전통적인 고용 관계 (traditional employment relationship) + 의 (possessive) + 법적 개념 (legal concept) + 을 (object) + 무력화시키다 (neutralize).

고용 지표의 통계적 착시를 걷어내고 실질적인 고용 여건을 파악하는 것이 정책의 출발점입니다.

Removing the statistical illusion of employment indicators and grasping the actual employment conditions is the starting point of policy.

고용 지표 (employment indicator) + 의 (possessive) + 통계적 착시 (statistical illusion) + 를 (object) + 걷어내다 (remove/pull back) + -고 (and) + 실질적인 고용 여건 (actual employment conditions) + 을 (object) + 파악하다 (grasp) + -는 것 (gerund) + 이 (subject) + 정책의 출발점 (starting point of policy) + 이다 (is).

기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)은 단순한 이윤 창출을 넘어 고용의 안정과 질적 향상까지 포괄해야 합니다.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) must go beyond simple profit creation to encompass employment stability and qualitative improvement.

기업의 사회적 책임 (CSR) + 은 (topic) + 단순한 이윤 창출 (simple profit creation) + 을 (object) + 넘다 (go beyond) + -어 (and) + 고용의 안정 (employment stability) + 과 (and) + 질적 향상 (qualitative improvement) + 까지 (even/to) + 포괄하다 (encompass) + -해야 합니다 (must).

مترادف‌ها

채용 임용

متضادها

해고 실업

ترکیب‌های رایج

고용 보험

고용 계약

고용 창출

고용 안정

고용 지표

고용 형태

고용 차별

고용 승계

고용 유연성

고용 위기

عبارات رایج

고용을 늘리다

— To increase hiring or employment. Used when companies or governments create more jobs.

대기업들이 올해 고용을 늘리기로 했습니다.

고용을 줄이다

— To reduce hiring or employment. Often used during economic downturns.

불황 때문에 많은 기업이 고용을 줄이고 있습니다.

고용을 유지하다

— To maintain employment. Keeping current staff without firing or hiring more.

정부는 기업들이 고용을 유지하도록 지원금을 줍니다.

고용에 성공하다

— To succeed in hiring. Used when a company finds the right candidate.

드디어 유능한 개발자를 고용하는 데 성공했습니다.

고용이 불안하다

— Employment is unstable. Used when people fear losing their jobs.

비정규직 노동자들은 항상 고용이 불안합니다.

고용을 촉진하다

— To promote or encourage employment. A common policy goal.

청년 고용을 촉진하기 위한 박람회가 열렸습니다.

고용을 보장하다

— To guarantee employment. Often a demand in labor negotiations.

노조는 정년까지의 고용을 보장하라고 요구했습니다.

고용을 중단하다

— To stop hiring. A freeze on new recruitment.

회사의 재정 상태가 나빠져서 고용을 중단했습니다.

고용을 허가하다

— To permit employment. Often used for foreign worker permits (고용허가제).

정부는 외국인 근로자의 고용을 허가했습니다.

고용을 창출하다

— To create employment. Creating new job opportunities.

관광 산업은 많은 고용을 창출할 수 있습니다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

고용 vs 취업

취업 is from the worker's perspective (getting a job), while 고용 is from the employer's or system's perspective (hiring/employment state).

고용 vs 채용

채용 specifically refers to the recruitment and selection process, whereas 고용 is the broader term for the employment relationship.

고용 vs 교육

Beginners might confuse the sounds; 교육 means education, which is unrelated to hiring.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"철밥통 고용"

— Refers to a job that is extremely stable and from which one can almost never be fired, like a government job.

공무원은 철밥통 고용으로 알려져 있어 인기가 많습니다.

Informal/Slang

"고용 절벽"

— A 'hiring cliff,' referring to a sudden and sharp decrease in job opportunities.

경기 침체로 인해 고용 절벽 현상이 심화되고 있습니다.

Journalistic

"고용 쇼크"

— An 'employment shock,' used when employment statistics are much worse than expected.

지난달 고용 통계가 발표되자 고용 쇼크라는 말이 나왔습니다.

Journalistic

"고용 한파"

— A 'hiring cold wave,' meaning a period where hiring is very difficult or frozen.

겨울철과 함께 취업 시장에도 고용 한파가 찾아왔습니다.

Journalistic

"고용의 질"

— The 'quality of employment,' referring to benefits, stability, and working conditions rather than just the number of jobs.

단순히 일자리 개수보다 고용의 질을 높이는 것이 중요합니다.

Formal

"숨은 고용"

— Hidden employment, referring to labor that isn't captured in official statistics.

가사 노동은 대표적인 숨은 고용의 사례입니다.

Academic

"고용 없는 성장"

— Jobless growth, where the economy grows but no new jobs are created.

자동화로 인해 고용 없는 성장이 현실화되고 있습니다.

Economic

"고용 세습"

— Hereditary employment, where children of employees are given priority in hiring.

일부 노조의 고용 세습 요구가 논란이 되었습니다.

Social

"고용 대란"

— An employment crisis or 'havoc,' describing a state of extreme job scarcity.

사상 최악의 고용 대란이 우려되는 상황입니다.

Journalistic

"고용 유연안정성"

— Flexicurity, a policy combining labor market flexibility with social security for workers.

북유럽 국가들은 고용 유연안정성 모델로 유명합니다.

Policy

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

고용 vs 취업 (Chwi-eop)

Both relate to getting a job.

취업 is the act of a person finding a job. 고용 is the act of a company hiring or the overall state of employment. You '취업' at a company, but a company '고용's you.

나는 취업을 준비하고 있고, 회사는 고용을 계획하고 있다.

고용 vs 채용 (Chae-yong)

Both mean hiring.

채용 is the process of recruiting and picking a candidate. 고용 is the broader act of employing someone and the resulting state. '채용 공고' (recruitment ad) vs '고용 보험' (employment insurance).

신입 사원 채용이 끝나면 고용 계약을 맺습니다.

고용 vs 임용 (Im-yong)

Both mean being hired for a position.

임용 is used specifically for official appointments, like government officials, judges, or teachers. 고용 is for general private sector jobs.

그는 판사로 임용되었고, 동생은 회사에 고용되었다.

고용 vs 기용 (Gi-yong)

Both involve using someone's labor.

기용 is to appoint someone to a specific role, often used in sports (starting a player) or politics (appointing a minister). It implies 'using' their talent for a specific purpose.

감독은 그를 주전 공격수로 기용했다.

고용 vs 해고 (Hae-go)

It is the opposite of 고용.

고용 is hiring; 해고 is firing. They are two sides of the labor relationship.

부당 고용과 부당 해고는 모두 문제입니다.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

N을/를 고용하다

우리 회사는 직원을 고용해요.

N에 고용되다

그는 공장에 고용되었어요.

고용 ~을/를 위해 노력하다

고용 안정을 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

고용 ~이/가 불안하다

요즘 고용 시장이 불안해요.

고용 ~을/를 확대하다

기업들이 고용을 확대하고 있습니다.

고용 ~에 기여하다

이 사업은 고용 창출에 기여합니다.

고용 ~을/를 재정립하다

고용의 정의를 재정립해야 합니다.

고용 ~에 부딪히다

고용 정책이 반대에 부딪혔습니다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

고용주 (Employer)

피고용인 (Employee)

고용인 (Employee/Hired person)

고용률 (Employment rate)

고용보험 (Employment insurance)

فعل‌ها

고용하다 (To hire/employ)

고용되다 (To be hired/employed)

재고용하다 (To re-hire)

صفت‌ها

고용된 (Employed/Hired)

고용적인 (Employment-related - rare, usually used as a noun modifier)

مرتبط

취업 (Finding a job)

채용 (Recruitment)

해고 (Firing)

실직 (Unemployment)

노동 (Labor)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very high in news, business, and academic contexts; low in casual daily conversation.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '고용했어' to mean 'I got a job'. → 취직했어 or 고용되었어.
고용하다 is active (to hire). If you use it, you are the one hiring someone else.
Saying '고용 보험' when you mean 'health insurance'. → 건강 보험.
고용 보험 is specifically for unemployment benefits, not medical care.
Confusing '고용인' with '고용주'. → 고용주 is the boss; 고용인 is the worker.
The '주' in 고용주 means owner/master. The '인' in 고용인 means person/worker.
Using '고용' in a very casual setting. → 취직 or 일.
It sounds unnaturally formal in a casual conversation with friends.
Mispronouncing '고용' as '교육'. → 고용 [Go-yong].
교육 means education. Mispronouncing this can change the entire meaning of your sentence in a business meeting.

نکات

Use in Formal Writing

When writing a report or an essay about the economy, always use '고용' instead of '취직' to maintain a professional tone.

Learn with Antonyms

Learn '고용' (hiring) and '해고' (firing) together. They are the two most important terms in labor relations.

Understand the 'Iron Rice Bowl'

In Korea, 'stable 고용' is often called '철밥통'. Knowing this helps you understand why people study so hard for civil service exams.

Active vs. Passive

Remember: '고용하다' is what the company does; '고용되다' is what happens to the worker.

News Keywords

When you hear '고용' on the news, listen for '상승' (increase) or '하락' (decrease) to understand the economic trend.

Check Your Contract

If you work in Korea, always ask for your '고용 계약서'. It is your primary legal protection.

Don't Sound Like a Robot

In a bar with friends, don't say '나 고용됐어'. Say '나 취직했어'. Save '고용' for the office.

Go-Yong = Go-Use

Remember the Hanja: Go (hire) + Yong (use). You hire them to use their labor.

Equality Matters

'고용 평등' (employment equality) is a growing topic in Korea. Using this term shows you are aware of social issues.

TOPIK Tip

For TOPIK II, '고용' often appears in graph description questions. Practice phrases like '고용률이 증가하고 있다'.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'GO' (as in 'Go get a job') and 'YONG' (sounds like 'Young'). 'GO' get the 'YONG' (young) people 'EMPLOYED'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a giant 'GO' sign over a 'YONG' (young) person's head as they walk into an office building for their first day of work.

شبکه واژگان

고용주 (Employer) 고용인 (Employee) 고용 보험 (Insurance) 고용 계약 (Contract) 고용률 (Rate) 고용 창출 (Creation) 고용 안정 (Stability) 고용 시장 (Market)

چالش

Try to use '고용' in three different sentences today: one about a company hiring, one about an employment contract, and one about the employment rate.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Hanja (Sino-Korean) characters 雇用. The first character 雇 (고) means 'to hire' or 'to pay for service'. The second character 用 (용) means 'to use' or 'to employ'.

معنای اصلی: The original meaning in Classical Chinese refers to the act of hiring labor or services in exchange for payment, often in an agricultural or domestic context.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when discussing '비정규직 고용' (irregular employment) as it is a highly politicized and emotional topic in Korea regarding social inequality.

In English, 'employment' is used similarly, but we often use 'hiring' for the act. In Korean, '고용' covers both the act and the state more formally than 'hiring' does in English.

고용노동부 (Ministry of Employment and Labor) - The primary government body. 워크넷 (WorkNet) - The official Korean government 고용 portal. 잡코리아 (JobKorea) - A private site often discussed in the context of 고용.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Job Hunting

고용 계약서 확인
고용 조건 협상
고용 형태 문의
고용 보험 가입

Economics News

고용 지표 발표
고용률 상승
고용 시장 위축
고용 창출 대책

Legal/HR

고용 관계 종료
고용 승계 합의
고용 차별 금지
고용 허가 신청

Social Issues

고용 불안 해소
청년 고용 문제
장애인 고용 의무
고용 평등 실현

Daily Work Life

고용주와의 면담
고용 계약 갱신
고용 보험 혜택
정규직 고용 전환

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"요즘 한국의 고용 시장은 어떤가요? (How is the Korean employment market these days?)"

"고용 보험의 혜택에 대해 알고 계세요? (Do you know about the benefits of employment insurance?)"

"회사를 선택할 때 고용 안정이 얼마나 중요한가요? (How important is employment stability when choosing a company?)"

"정부가 고용 창출을 위해 무엇을 해야 한다고 생각하세요? (What do you think the government should do for job creation?)"

"고용 계약서를 쓸 때 가장 주의 깊게 보는 부분은 무엇인가요? (What part do you look at most carefully when writing an employment contract?)"

موضوعات نگارش

내가 생각하는 이상적인 고용 조건에 대해 써보세요. (Write about what you consider to be ideal employment conditions.)

고용 불안이 개인의 삶에 미치는 영향에 대해 생각해보세요. (Think about the impact of employment instability on an individual's life.)

미래 사회에서는 고용의 형태가 어떻게 변할까요? (How will the forms of employment change in the future society?)

고용 평등을 위해 우리 사회가 노력해야 할 점은 무엇인가요? (What should our society strive for to achieve employment equality?)

내가 고용주라면 어떤 직원을 고용하고 싶은지 적어보세요. (Write about what kind of employee you would want to hire if you were an employer.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Technically, you can say '고용되었어요' (I was hired), but it sounds very formal. It's better to say '취직했어요' or '취업했어요' in most situations.

고용주 (Goyong-ju) is the employer (the boss/owner). 고용인 (Goyong-in) is the employee (the person hired). To be clearer, people often use '피고용인' for the employee.

Yes, for most regular employees (정규직) and many irregular workers, 고용 보험 is one of the four mandatory social insurances in South Korea.

Use 채용 when you are talking about the recruitment process, like 'recruitment notice' (채용 공고). Use 고용 for the state of being employed or economic stats.

It means 'employment rate.' It is the percentage of the working-age population that is currently employed.

You say '고용을 창출하다' (Goyong-eul chang-chul-hada). This is a very common phrase in news and politics.

It is an 'employment contract.' It's the legal document you sign when you start a job that outlines your salary, hours, and duties.

Yes, it can, but it sounds very formal. For part-time jobs, people usually just say '알바' or '일'.

It refers to 'irregular employment,' which includes temporary, part-time, or contract work that doesn't have the same security as a permanent (정규직) position.

Yes, it comes from 雇用 (Go-yong), meaning 'hire-use'.

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