얻다 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Core meaning: To get, obtain, or acquire.
- Commonly used for abstract things like permission, information, and trust.
- It is a regular verb (얻어요, 얻었습니다).
- Often implies some level of effort or a specific process of acquisition.
The Korean verb 얻다 (eotda) is a foundational element of the Korean language, primarily categorized at the CEFR A2 level, though its nuances extend into highly sophisticated academic and literary contexts. At its core, 얻다 translates to 'to get', 'to obtain', 'to acquire', or 'to receive'. However, unlike the more passive '받다' (to receive), 얻다 often carries a subtle implication of acquisition through effort, permission, or as a result of a specific circumstance. It is the act of coming into possession of something, whether that thing is a physical object, a piece of information, an abstract feeling, or a social standing.
- Core Concept: Physical Acquisition
- In its most literal sense, it refers to obtaining physical items. For example, '공짜로 얻다' means to get something for free. This usage is common in marketplaces or when discussing gifts that weren't necessarily 'received' in a formal ceremony but 'obtained' through interaction.
- Core Concept: Abstract Gains
- Perhaps more common in intermediate Korean is the use of 얻다 for abstract nouns. You can 'obtain' courage (용기를 얻다), 'gain' wisdom (지혜를 얻다), or 'get' a hint (힌트를 얻다). Here, the word emphasizes the transition from not having the quality to possessing it.
- Core Concept: Permission and Results
- One of the most frequent uses is '허락을 얻다' (to get permission). This highlights the necessity of an external source granting the acquisition. Similarly, it is used for results: '좋은 결과를 얻다' (to get a good result).
"노력 끝에 드디어 귀중한 정보를 얻었다." (After much effort, I finally obtained valuable information.)
To understand 얻다 deeply, one must look at its role in social dynamics. In Korean culture, obtaining something often involves a relationship. When you '얻다' something from an elder, it implies a certain level of gratitude or the fulfillment of a request. It is not just a transaction; it is a movement of value from one entity to another. This is why '인심을 얻다' (to win people's hearts/favor) is such a powerful phrase in Korean politics and social life. It suggests that favor is not just given, but earned and acquired through one's character and actions.
"그는 정직한 행동으로 마을 사람들의 신뢰를 얻었습니다." (He gained the trust of the villagers through his honest actions.)
- Grammatical Regularity
- Learners often confuse 얻다 with 'ㄷ' irregular verbs like '걷다' (to walk). However, 얻다 is a **regular** verb. This means the 'ㄷ' does not change to 'ㄹ' when followed by a vowel. It is '얻어' (eodeo), not '얼어'. This is a critical distinction for A2 learners to master.
Using 얻다 correctly requires understanding its collocations and the specific 'flavor' it adds to a sentence. It is most frequently used with the object marker -을/를. The structure is simple: [Noun]을/를 얻다. However, the choice of noun determines whether the sentence sounds natural or awkward.
1. Conjugation Patterns
As a regular verb, the conjugation follows the standard rules for stems ending in a consonant:
- Present Polite: 얻어요 (eot-eo-yo)
- Past Polite: 얻었어요 (eot-eoss-eo-yo)
- Future (Will): 얻을 거예요 (eot-eul geo-ye-yo)
- Honorific: 얻으세요 (eot-eu-se-yo) - *Note: While grammatically correct, '받으세요' is more common for 'please receive'.*
- Connective: 얻고 (eot-go), 얻으니 (eot-eu-ni), 얻어서 (eot-eo-seo)
"도서관에서 필요한 자료를 많이 얻을 수 있었습니다." (I was able to obtain a lot of necessary materials at the library.)
2. Contextual Applications
The versatility of 얻다 allows it to function in various registers:
- Informal/Daily Life
- Used when getting things from friends or in casual settings. "친구한테서 힌트를 얻었어." (I got a hint from my friend.)
- Business/Professional
- Used for gaining market share, profits, or approval. "수익을 얻다" (to gain profit), "승인을 얻다" (to get approval/authorization).
- Psychological/Emotional
- Used for internal gains. "위안을 얻다" (to find/get comfort), "깨달음을 얻다" (to gain enlightenment/realization).
3. Sentence Structures
Common patterns include:
- [Source]에서 [Object]를 얻다: Getting something from a place.
- [Person]에게서/한테서 [Object]를 얻다: Getting something from a person.
- [Action]을 통해 [Object]를 얻다: Getting something through an action.
"경험을 통해 우리는 교훈을 얻습니다." (Through experience, we gain lessons.)
You will encounter 얻다 in a vast array of environments, from the mundane to the highly formal. Its frequency in the Korean language is high because it bridges the gap between physical taking and metaphorical gaining.
1. In News and Media
News anchors frequently use 얻다 when reporting on statistics, political support, or economic outcomes. You might hear:
- "지지율을 얻다" (To gain approval ratings)
- "합의를 얻다" (To reach/get an agreement)
- "명성을 얻다" (To gain fame/reputation)
"그 영화는 평론가들로부터 높은 점수를 얻었습니다." (That movie obtained high scores from critics.)
2. In Academic and Educational Settings
Teachers and professors use this word to discuss the acquisition of knowledge or the results of an experiment. It is the standard verb for 'obtaining data' (데이터를 얻다) or 'getting an answer' (답을 얻다).
- Classroom Context
- "실험을 통해 새로운 사실을 얻었습니다." (We obtained new facts through the experiment.)
3. In Daily Conversations and Dramas
In K-Dramas, you'll hear characters talking about gaining someone's heart or getting a room. Interestingly, 얻다 is used when finding a place to live: '방을 얻다' (to get/rent a room). This is a very common idiomatic use.
4. In Literature and Poetry
In more poetic contexts, 얻다 is used to describe gaining spiritual peace or a sudden realization. It carries a weight of significance, suggesting that the thing gained is a treasure.
"산책을 하며 마음의 평온을 얻었다." (I gained peace of mind while taking a walk.)
Whether you are reading a contract, watching a variety show, or studying a textbook, 얻다 will appear. It is one of those 'workhorse' verbs that supports the weight of many different meanings depending on the noun it follows.
Even though 얻다 is an A2 level word, its usage can be tricky due to its similarity to other verbs and its specific conjugation rules. Here are the most frequent errors made by learners.
1. The 'ㄷ' Irregular Trap
The most common grammatical mistake is treating 얻다 as an irregular verb. Many Korean verbs ending in 'ㄷ' (like 걷다 - to walk, 듣다 - to listen) change the 'ㄷ' to 'ㄹ' before a vowel. 얻다 does not do this.
- ❌ Incorrect
- 정보를 어러요 (Eoreoyo)
- ✅ Correct
- 정보를 얻어요 (Eodeoyo)
2. Confusing '얻다' with '받다'
While both can mean 'to receive', they are not always interchangeable. '받다' is more neutral and common for physical objects given by others. 얻다 is better for things obtained through a process or for abstract concepts like permission and information.
3. Misusing with Sickness
Learners often try to translate 'get a cold' literally using 얻다. This is incorrect. For illnesses, Korean uses specific verbs like '걸리다' (to be caught) or '나다' (to break out).
- ❌ Incorrect
- 감기를 얻었어요
- ✅ Correct
- 감기에 걸렸어요
4. Overusing in Honorifics
When asking an elder for something, using 얻다 can sometimes sound too 'acquisitive' or direct. In polite requests, '받다' or more humble forms like '주시다' (to give to me) are preferred.
"선생님께 조언을 얻고 싶습니다." (I want to get advice from you, teacher.) - *This is acceptable, but '조언을 듣고 싶습니다' (I want to hear/listen to your advice) is often more natural.*
5. Confusing with '갖다' (가지다)
'갖다' means 'to have' or 'to take possession of'. 얻다 is the act of getting it. Once you have '얻다'-ed something, you '갖다' it. Don't use 얻다 to describe the state of having.
Korean has several words that overlap with 얻다. Choosing the right one depends on the formality of the situation and the nature of what is being obtained.
- 1. 받다 (Batda) - To Receive
- The most common alternative. It is passive and neutral. Use this for gifts, phone calls, and physical items given by others.
Example: 전화를 받다 (To receive a call). - 2. 획득하다 (Hoekdeukhada) - To Acquire/Obtain (Formal)
- A Sino-Korean word used in formal, technical, or competitive contexts. You '획득' a medal, a license, or points in a game.
Example: 점수를 획득하다 (To acquire points). - 3. 취득하다 (Chwideukhada) - To Acquire (Legal/Official)
- Specifically used for licenses, certifications, or property rights. It implies an official process.
Example: 자격증을 취득하다 (To obtain a certificate). - 4. 구하다 (Guhada) - To Seek/Find/Get
- Focuses on the effort of searching for something. If you are looking for a job or a house, you use '구하다'. Once you find it, you might say you '얻다'-ed it.
Example: 일자리를 구하다 (To look for a job).
| Word | Nuance | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| 얻다 | General/Effort | Info, Permission, Rooms |
| 받다 | Passive/Given | Gifts, Calls, Paychecks |
| 획득하다 | Formal/Result | Medals, Points, Victory |
| 취득하다 | Official/Legal | Licenses, Degrees |
Understanding these distinctions helps in avoiding 'Konglish' or unnatural phrasing. For instance, while you 'get' a license in English, saying '면허를 얻다' is less natural than '면허를 취득하다'. Similarly, '얻다' is the perfect choice for 'gaining an insight' (통찰력을 얻다), where '받다' would sound like the insight was a physical package delivered to your door.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
-(으)ㄹ 수 있다
-기 위해
-아야 하다
-어 내다
-(으)면서
مثالها بر اساس سطح
시장에서 덤을 얻었어요.
I got an extra (freebie) at the market.
Past tense: 얻 + 었어요
친구한테 사탕을 얻었어요.
I got a candy from my friend.
Source: 한테(서)
공짜로 물건을 얻다.
To get something for free.
Adverb: 공짜로
방을 얻고 싶어요.
I want to get (rent) a room.
-고 싶다 (want to)
어디에서 얻었어요?
Where did you get it?
Question word: 어디
이것을 얻으세요.
Please take/get this.
Imperative: -(으)세요
표를 얻었어요.
I got a ticket.
Object: 표 (ticket)
물을 얻을 수 있어요?
Can I get some water?
-ㄹ 수 있다 (can)
선생님께 허락을 얻었어요.
I got permission from the teacher.
Object: 허락 (permission)
인터넷에서 정보를 얻어요.
I get information from the internet.
Source: 에서
도움을 얻어서 다행이에요.
It's a relief that I got help.
-어서 (reason/sequence)
좋은 결과를 얻고 싶어요.
I want to get a good result.
Object: 결과 (result)
어떻게 힌트를 얻었어요?
How did you get the hint?
Adverb: 어떻게
친구의 동의를 얻어야 해요.
I have to get my friend's agreement.
-아야 하다 (must)
경험을 얻는 것은 중요해요.
Getting experience is important.
Gerund: -는 것
자신감을 얻었어요.
I gained confidence.
Object: 자신감 (confidence)
책을 읽고 지혜를 얻었습니다.
I read a book and gained wisdom.
Object: 지혜 (wisdom)
실패를 통해 교훈을 얻었어요.
I learned a lesson through failure.
-를 통해 (through)
그의 말에서 위안을 얻었다.
I found comfort in his words.
Object: 위안 (comfort)
새로운 아이디어를 얻기 위해 산책해요.
I walk to get new ideas.
-기 위해 (in order to)
많은 사람들의 지지를 얻고 있습니다.
He is gaining support from many people.
-고 있다 (progressive)
여행을 통해 넓은 시야를 얻었어요.
I gained a broad perspective through travel.
Object: 시야 (perspective)
드디어 부모님의 승낙을 얻어냈어요.
I finally managed to get my parents' consent.
-어 내다 (to achieve/manage to do)
이 일로 큰 이익을 얻을 것입니다.
We will gain a big profit from this work.
Object: 이익 (profit)
그 배우는 해외에서도 명성을 얻었다.
The actor gained fame abroad as well.
Object: 명성 (fame)
연구 결과 유의미한 데이터를 얻었습니다.
As a result of the research, we obtained significant data.
Object: 데이터 (data)
정직한 태도로 신뢰를 얻는 것이 중요합니다.
It is important to gain trust with an honest attitude.
Object: 신뢰 (trust)
그는 이번 선거에서 압도적인 표를 얻었다.
He got an overwhelming number of votes in this election.
Modifier: 압도적인 (overwhelming)
명확한 결론을 얻기에는 아직 이릅니다.
It is still too early to reach a clear conclusion.
-기에는 (for doing something)
작가는 일상에서 영감을 얻는다고 합니다.
The writer says they get inspiration from daily life.
Quotation: -는다고 하다
협상을 통해 유리한 조건을 얻어냈습니다.
We managed to get favorable conditions through negotiation.
Object: 조건 (conditions)
그 사건으로 인해 큰 교훈을 얻게 되었다.
I came to learn a big lesson due to that incident.
-게 되다 (to come to/become)
그의 철학은 많은 이들에게 공감을 얻고 있다.
His philosophy is gaining empathy from many people.
Object: 공감 (empathy/resonance)
고전 문학을 통해 삶의 통찰력을 얻을 수 있다.
One can gain insight into life through classical literature.
Object: 통찰력 (insight)
그 기업은 시장에서 독점적 지위를 얻었다.
The company obtained a monopolistic position in the market.
Object: 지위 (status/position)
명상 중에 문득 깨달음을 얻었습니다.
I suddenly gained enlightenment during meditation.
Object: 깨달음 (enlightenment)
그 정책은 국민들의 전폭적인 지지를 얻지 못했다.
The policy failed to gain the full support of the people.
Negative: -지 못하다
그는 고난 속에서도 내면의 평화를 얻었다.
He gained inner peace even amidst hardships.
Object: 평화 (peace)
실험 데이터로부터 객관적인 근거를 얻어냈다.
Objective evidence was obtained from the experimental data.
Object: 근거 (evidence/grounds)
이 책은 평론가들로부터 극찬을 얻었다.
This book received high praise from critics.
Object: 극찬 (high praise)
그는 만년에 비로소 안식을 얻었다.
He finally found rest in his later years.
Object: 안식 (rest/repose)
역사적 사료를 통해 당시의 시대상을 얻을 수 있다.
One can obtain a picture of the era through historical records.
Object: 시대상 (picture of the times)
그의 행보는 정당성을 얻기에 충분했다.
His actions were sufficient to gain legitimacy.
Object: 정당성 (legitimacy)
고통을 감내한 끝에 영광을 얻었다.
He gained glory after enduring suffering.
Object: 영광 (glory)
그 이론은 학계의 광범위한 동의를 얻어냈다.
The theory secured broad agreement from the academic community.
Object: 동의 (agreement/consensus)
무소유의 삶을 통해 진정한 자유를 얻다.
To gain true freedom through a life of non-possession.
Object: 자유 (freedom)
그의 예술 세계는 독창성을 얻어 높이 평가받는다.
His artistic world is highly valued for its originality.
Object: 독창성 (originality)
민심을 얻는 자가 천하를 얻는다.
He who wins the hearts of the people wins the world.
Proverbial usage
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
받다 is passive/neutral; 얻다 is active/process-oriented.
걷다 is irregular (걸어요); 얻다 is regular (얻어요).
가지다 is 'to have/hold'; 얻다 is the act of 'getting'.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
Always remember: 얻다 -> 얻어 (Regular).
Very strong with '허락', '정보', '용기'.
- Conjugating as '어러요' (Incorrect irregular use).
- Using for illnesses like '감기를 얻다'.
- Using for receiving a phone call ('전화를 얻다' is wrong).
- Confusing with '얼다' (to freeze) in pronunciation.
- Using it as a synonym for 'have' (가지다) instead of 'get'.
نکات
Regularity
Always conjugate as 얻어요, 얻으니, 얻는. Never change the ㄷ.
Abstract Nouns
Pair it with abstract nouns like permission, courage, and information.
Natural Phrases
Use '방을 얻다' when looking for a place to stay.
Social Favor
Understand '인심을 얻다' as a key social goal in Korea.
Formal Contexts
In academic writing, use '결과를 얻다' for results.
Context Clues
If you hear '허락', the next word is likely '얻다'.
Effort
Use '얻다' when you want to emphasize that you worked for it.
Winning Hearts
Learn '민심을 얻다' for political or social contexts.
Earn Data
Remember 'Earn-Data' to remember '얻다'.
vs 받다
Use '받다' for gifts and '얻다' for gains.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Native Korean word.
بافت فرهنگی
The phrase '방을 얻다' is still used today even for modern apartment rentals.
Gaining trust (신뢰를 얻다) is often seen as more important than gaining profit (수익을 얻다) in long-term Korean business relationships.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"어디에서 그 정보를 얻으셨어요?"
"요즘 어디에서 영감을 얻으세요?"
"부모님의 허락을 얻었나요?"
"어떻게 하면 인기를 얻을 수 있을까요?"
"여행을 통해 무엇을 얻었나요?"
موضوعات نگارش
오늘 하루 중 가장 큰 깨달음을 얻은 순간은 언제인가요?
최근에 누군가에게 도움을 얻은 경험에 대해 써보세요.
내가 가장 얻고 싶은 능력은 무엇인가요?
실패를 통해 얻은 교훈이 있나요?
좋은 친구를 얻기 위해 무엇을 해야 할까요?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, it is a regular verb. The 'ㄷ' does not change.
No, use '감기에 걸리다' instead.
'얻다' is general; '획득하다' is formal/competitive.
Yes, but it implies you actively sought the gift.
Use '방을 얻다'.
Yes, for profits, market share, and approval.
It means to win the hearts or favor of people.
Usually '일자리를 구하다' (seek) or '취직하다' (get employed) is better.
It is typically introduced at A2, but common enough for A1.
It means to get a free meal or to beg for food.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
얻다 is a versatile verb for 'getting' that spans from physical objects to deep emotional and social gains. Remember it is a regular verb and use it when the acquisition feels more active than just 'receiving'.
- Core meaning: To get, obtain, or acquire.
- Commonly used for abstract things like permission, information, and trust.
- It is a regular verb (얻어요, 얻었습니다).
- Often implies some level of effort or a specific process of acquisition.
Regularity
Always conjugate as 얻어요, 얻으니, 얻는. Never change the ㄷ.
Abstract Nouns
Pair it with abstract nouns like permission, courage, and information.
Natural Phrases
Use '방을 얻다' when looking for a place to stay.
Social Favor
Understand '인심을 얻다' as a key social goal in Korea.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر daily_life
사고
A2یک حادثه ناگوار که به طور غیرمنتظره و غیرعمدی رخ می دهد. اغلب برای تصادفات رانندگی استفاده می شود.
주소
A1آدرس جزئیات محل قرارگیری یک ساختمان است. در زبان کرهای، آدرس از واحد بزرگتر به واحد کوچکتر نوشته میشود.
오전
A1زمان بین نیمهشب تا ظهر؛ قبل از ظهر (A.M.).
약속
A1قرار یا قول. تعهدی بین افراد.
사월
A1آوریل؛ چهارمین ماه سال. در کره، آوریل زمان شکوفه دادن گلهای گیلاس و هوای بهاری است.
밤에
A2شبها من معمولاً کتاب میخوانم. (At night, I usually read books.)
다니다
A1به طور منظم به جایی مثل مدرسه یا محل کار رفتن. همچنین به معنای گشتن یا حرکت کردن در یک منطقه خاص است.
팔월
A1اوت؛ هشتمین ماه سال. 'اوت ماه گرمی است.' (팔월은 더운 달입니다.)
나쁘게
A2به طرز بد یا به روشی نامناسب.
가방
A1Bag
