죄송하다
When you need to say "I'm sorry" in Korean, you'll often hear 죄송하다 (joesonghada). This word is an adjective that means "to be sorry" or "to apologize." It's commonly used in situations where you want to express regret or apologize for something you did, especially when you need to be a bit more formal than with 미안하다 (mianhada). You'll often hear it in its polite forms, like 죄송합니다 (joesonghamnida) or 죄송해요 (joesonghaeyo), which are very useful for beginners.
When you need to apologize in Korean, you have a few options. 죄송하다 (joe-song-ha-da) is a more formal way to say 'I'm sorry' or 'to be sorry' compared to 미안하다 (mi-an-ha-da).
You'll often hear 죄송합니다 (joe-song-ham-ni-da) which is the polite, formal present tense form, suitable for speaking to elders, strangers, or in professional settings.
While both mean 'sorry,' 죄송하다 carries a slightly stronger sense of regret or formality. It’s good to use when you've made a more significant mistake or want to show greater deference.
For example, if you bump into someone on the street, 죄송합니다 is a very appropriate and polite apology.
When you want to apologize formally or express a deeper sense of regret, 죄송하다 (joesonghada) is the appropriate word to use. While both 미안하다 (mianhada) and 죄송하다 mean 'to be sorry,' 죄송하다 carries a more polite and respectful nuance. It's often used when addressing elders, superiors, or in professional settings. You'll hear it frequently in customer service interactions or when someone wants to show sincere remorse for a mistake. Remember to conjugate it correctly based on the formality level you need.
When you want to apologize formally in Korean, you can use 죄송하다. This is more polite and formal than 미안하다, which you might use with friends or family. You'll often hear 죄송합니다 in situations where you're addressing someone older, in a position of authority, or when you want to show a higher level of respect. It's a good word to know for more formal apologies.
When navigating social interactions in Korea, understanding the nuances between '죄송하다' (joesonghada) and '미안하다' (mianhada) is crucial. While both translate to 'to be sorry' or 'to apologize', '죄송하다' carries a more formal and polite weight.
Think of '죄송하다' as the apology you'd offer to an elder, a superior at work, or someone you don't know well, particularly in situations where you've caused an inconvenience or made a mistake that might have a slightly larger impact. It implies a deeper sense of regret and respect for the other person.
For example, if you accidentally bump into someone on the street, '죄송합니다' (joesonghamnida) – the formal polite form – would be a very appropriate apology. It shows a higher level of deference and politeness. Using '죄송합니다' demonstrates a strong awareness of social hierarchy and etiquette, which is highly valued in Korean culture.
Mastering the use of '죄송하다' will significantly enhance your ability to communicate respectfully and appropriately in various formal and semi-formal situations in Korea, showcasing your understanding of Korean social graces.
When navigating situations that require an apology in Korean, understanding the nuances between '죄송하다' and '미안하다' is crucial. While both convey the sentiment of being sorry, '죄송하다' carries a more formal and polite connotation. It is often used in professional settings, when speaking to elders or superiors, or in situations where a greater degree of respect and deference is required. Think of it as expressing a deeper sense of regret or accountability, acknowledging a more significant impact of one's actions.
Using '죄송하다' demonstrates a heightened awareness of social hierarchy and etiquette, which are important aspects of Korean culture. For instance, if you accidentally bump into someone on the street, '미안합니다' might suffice. However, if you are late for a business meeting or have made a mistake in a work-related task, '죄송합니다' would be the more appropriate and respectful choice. It shows that you recognize the gravity of the situation and are taking responsibility in a formal manner.
It's also worth noting that '죄송하다' can be used to express regret for an inconvenience caused, even if it wasn't a direct mistake. For example, if you are unable to fulfill a request, you might say '죄송합니다' to express your apologies for not being able to help. This highlights its versatility in conveying regret in various formal contexts. The choice between '죄송하다' and '미안하다' ultimately depends on the specific context, the relationship with the person you are addressing, and the level of formality required.
Mastering the appropriate usage of '죄송하다' will significantly enhance your ability to communicate respectfully and effectively in Korean, allowing you to navigate social interactions with greater confidence and cultural sensitivity. It's a key linguistic tool for demonstrating politeness and understanding in more formal or serious situations.
죄송하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Formal way to say 'sorry'.
- Used for apologies or expressing regret.
- More polite than '미안하다'.
§ What 죄송하다 Means
Let's get straight to it. When you want to say you're sorry in Korean, you have a couple of options. One of the most common and important is 죄송하다 (pronounced: jweh-song-ha-da). This word means "to be sorry" or "to apologize." It's an adjective, which is important to remember for conjugation, but we'll get into that later. For now, just understand that when you use 죄송하다, you are expressing regret or an apology.
- DEFINITION
- To be sorry, to apologize (more formal than 미안하다)
You might already know another word for "sorry," which is 미안하다 (mi-an-ha-da). While both translate to "to be sorry," they aren't interchangeable in every situation. The key difference lies in their level of formality and the nuance of the apology. 죄송하다 is generally considered more formal and expresses a deeper sense of regret or responsibility. Think of it as a more polite and respectful way to apologize, especially to someone older, someone in a position of authority, or someone you don't know well. It carries a weightier feeling than 미안하다.
§ When to Use 죄송하다
Knowing when to use 죄송하다 versus 미안하다 is crucial for sounding natural in Korean. Here are the main situations where 죄송하다 is the appropriate choice:
- To Elders or Superiors: If you're speaking to someone significantly older than you, a boss, a teacher, or any person in a position of respect, use 죄송하다. It shows deference and politeness. Using 미안하다 in these situations might sound too casual or even disrespectful.
- In Formal Settings: When you're in a formal environment, such as a business meeting, a customer service interaction, or a public apology, 죄송하다 is the standard. It maintains a professional and respectful tone.
- For Serious Mistakes: If you've made a significant error or caused considerable inconvenience, 죄송하다 conveys a more sincere and weighty apology. It acknowledges the gravity of the situation.
- To Strangers: When interacting with people you don't know, it's safer and generally more polite to use 죄송하다, especially if you're interrupting them, bumping into them, or asking for their help in a way that might inconvenience them.
§ Common Phrases with 죄송하다
While 죄송하다 is an adjective, it's often used in its conjugated forms. The most common way you'll hear and use it is 죄송합니다 (jweh-song-ham-ni-da) in the formal polite form. This is your go-to phrase for most situations requiring a polite apology.
Another very common form, especially in spoken Korean, is 죄송해요 (jweh-song-hae-yo), which is the standard polite form. This is still respectful but slightly less formal than 죄송합니다. You can use it with people you're not super close with, but who aren't necessarily elders or superiors.
Let's look at some examples to see it in action:
늦어서 정말 죄송합니다. (I am really sorry for being late.)
In this example, the speaker is apologizing formally for being late. This would be appropriate when meeting a superior, a client, or someone important.
방해가 돼서 죄송해요. (I am sorry to disturb you.)
Here, the speaker is apologizing for disturbing someone. This could be used in a more general polite situation, perhaps if you're interrupting a colleague or asking a stranger for directions.
불편을 드려 죄송합니다. (I am sorry for the inconvenience.)
This is a very common phrase you'll hear in customer service or business contexts, expressing a formal apology for causing inconvenience.
Understanding the nuance of when to use 죄송하다 is a big step towards speaking Korean more naturally and respectfully. Always consider your relationship with the person you're apologizing to and the context of the situation.
چقدر رسمی است؟
"늦어서 정말 죄송합니다."
نکته جالب
This word literally means 'to lament one's fault' or 'to regret one's sin.' It's often used when you've inconvenienced someone or committed a more significant mistake.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing '죄' as 'joe' instead of 'choe'
- Not aspirating the 'ㅎ' sound enough
مثالها بر اساس سطح
죄송합니다.
I am sorry. (Polite and formal)
A common standalone apology.
늦어서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for being late.
Often used with -어서/아서 to explain the reason for being sorry.
실례합니다. 죄송합니다.
Excuse me. I am sorry.
Used together when interrupting or making a mistake.
방해해서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for disturbing you.
Another example of -어서/아서 to indicate the cause of apology.
제가 잘못했습니다. 정말 죄송합니다.
I made a mistake. I am truly sorry.
Adding '정말' (really/truly) emphasizes the apology.
도움을 못 드려 죄송합니다.
I am sorry I couldn't help.
Used to express regret for not being able to assist.
이해를 못 해서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry I don't understand.
Useful when you need to apologize for not grasping something.
오해해서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for misunderstanding.
Used to apologize for a misinterpretation.
늦어서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for being late.
불편을 드려 죄송합니다.
I apologize for the inconvenience.
제가 실수해서 죄송해요.
I'm sorry I made a mistake.
너무 바빠서 연락 못 드려 죄송해요.
I'm sorry I couldn't contact you because I was too busy.
도와드리지 못해 죄송합니다.
I'm sorry I couldn't help you.
급한 일이 생겨서 죄송하지만 먼저 가봐야 해요.
Something urgent came up, so I'm sorry but I have to go first.
이야기를 방해해서 죄송합니다.
I apologize for interrupting the conversation.
다음에 꼭 갚을게요. 정말 죄송합니다.
I will definitely pay you back next time. I am truly sorry.
늦어서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for being late.
Using -어서/아서 to connect the reason for being sorry.
불편을 드려 죄송해요.
I am sorry for the inconvenience.
드리다 is the honorific form of 주다 (to give), used to show respect to the person receiving the inconvenience.
제가 실수해서 정말 죄송합니다.
I am truly sorry that I made a mistake.
정말 (really/truly) emphasizes the sincerity of the apology.
방해해서 죄송하지만, 질문이 있어요.
I am sorry to interrupt, but I have a question.
하지만 (but) connects two clauses, indicating a polite interruption.
회의에 참석하지 못해서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry I cannot attend the meeting.
-지 못하다 indicates inability or failure to do something.
기다리게 해서 죄송해요.
I am sorry for making you wait.
-게 하다 is a causative expression, meaning 'to make someone do something'.
도움을 못 드려서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry I could not help you.
못 드리다 indicates an inability to provide help, using the honorific form of 주다 (to give).
다음에 더 조심하겠습니다. 죄송합니다.
I will be more careful next time. I am sorry.
다음에 (next time) and 더 (more) express a promise to improve.
늦어서 정말 죄송합니다. 다시는 이런 일이 없도록 하겠습니다.
I am truly sorry for being late. I will make sure this doesn't happen again.
Using -ㅂ니다/-습니다 ending for formality.
불편을 드려 죄송합니다. 최대한 빨리 해결해 드리겠습니다.
I apologize for the inconvenience. I will resolve it as quickly as possible.
불편을 드리다 (to cause inconvenience) is a common formal expression.
실수로 파일을 삭제해서 죄송합니다. 복구할 수 있는지 확인해 보겠습니다.
I'm sorry for accidentally deleting the file. I will check if it can be recovered.
실수로 (by mistake/accidentally) clarifies the reason for being sorry.
갑작스러운 변경에 대해 죄송하게 생각합니다. 너른 양해 부탁드립니다.
I apologize for the sudden change. We ask for your understanding.
너른 양해 부탁드립니다 (We ask for your broad understanding) is a very polite phrase.
저의 부주의로 발생한 일이라 죄송한 마음 금할 길이 없습니다.
I am deeply sorry for what happened due to my carelessness. I cannot stop feeling apologetic.
금할 길이 없습니다 (there is no way to stop) expresses strong regret.
회의에 참석하지 못하게 되어 죄송합니다. 다음에는 꼭 참여하겠습니다.
I apologize for not being able to attend the meeting. I will definitely participate next time.
못하게 되어 (because I couldn't) indicates the reason for the apology.
오해가 있었다면 죄송합니다. 제 의도는 그게 아니었습니다.
If there was a misunderstanding, I apologize. That was not my intention.
오해가 있었다면 (if there was a misunderstanding) is a conditional apology.
제때 연락드리지 못해 죄송합니다. 너무 바빠서 정신이 없었습니다.
I am sorry for not contacting you on time. I was so busy, I lost my mind.
제때 (on time) and 정신이 없다 (to be overwhelmed/have no mind) are useful expressions.
늦어서 죄송합니다만, 교통 체증이 심해서 어쩔 수가 없었습니다.
I'm sorry for being late, but the traffic jam was so bad I couldn't help it.
실수해서 죄송합니다. 다음부터는 더 주의하겠습니다.
I apologize for the mistake. I will be more careful next time.
본의 아니게 불편을 드려 죄송합니다. 너그러이 이해해 주시면 감사하겠습니다.
I am sorry for unintentionally causing you inconvenience. I would appreciate your generous understanding.
귀한 시간을 뺏어서 죄송합니다. 빨리 본론으로 들어가겠습니다.
I apologize for taking up your valuable time. I will get straight to the point.
저의 무례한 행동에 대해 깊이 죄송하게 생각합니다.
I deeply regret my rude behavior.
오해를 불러일으켜 죄송합니다. 다시 설명해 드리겠습니다.
I apologize for causing a misunderstanding. I will explain it again.
약속을 지키지 못해 죄송합니다. 부득이한 사정이 있었습니다.
I am sorry I couldn't keep my promise. There were unavoidable circumstances.
연락이 늦어져서 죄송합니다. 일이 바빠서 정신이 없었습니다.
I apologize for the late reply. I was so busy with work.
귀한 시간을 할애해 주셨는데, 제가 준비가 미흡하여 죄송합니다.
I apologize for my insufficient preparation, especially since you've dedicated your valuable time.
본의 아니게 불편을 드린 점 진심으로 죄송하게 생각합니다.
I sincerely apologize for inadvertently causing you inconvenience.
저의 불찰로 인해 발생한 문제에 대해 깊이 사과드리며 죄송한 마음 금할 길이 없습니다.
I deeply apologize for the problem caused by my oversight, and I cannot express how sorry I am.
이렇게 늦은 시간에 연락드려 죄송합니다만, 급한 일이 생겨서요.
I apologize for contacting you so late, but something urgent has come up.
미처 생각지 못했던 부분까지 배려하지 못해 죄송하다는 말씀을 전하고 싶습니다.
I want to express my apologies for not being able to consider even the aspects I hadn't thought of.
저의 경솔한 행동으로 인해 심려를 끼쳐드려 죄송하기 그지없습니다.
I am extremely sorry for causing you worry due to my careless actions.
약속을 지키지 못하게 되어 정말 죄송한 마음 금할 길이 없습니다.
I am truly sorry that I couldn't keep my promise, and I cannot express my regret enough.
의도치 않게 오해를 불러일으킨 점 죄송하게 생각하며, 너그러이 이해해 주시면 감사하겠습니다.
I apologize for unintentionally causing a misunderstanding, and I would be grateful for your generous understanding.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
제가 실수해서 죄송합니다.
I made a mistake, so I am sorry.
이런 말씀을 드려 죄송합니다.
I am sorry to say this kind of thing.
저의 부주의로 인해 죄송합니다.
I am sorry due to my carelessness.
바쁘신데 죄송합니다만, 잠시 시간 괜찮으세요?
I am sorry you are busy, but do you have a moment?
늦게 연락드려 죄송합니다.
Sorry for contacting you late.
오래 기다리게 해서 정말 죄송합니다.
I am truly sorry for making you wait so long.
괜한 걱정을 끼쳐 드려 죄송합니다.
I am sorry for causing you unnecessary worry.
다시 한번 죄송하다는 말씀드립니다.
I apologize once again.
이렇게밖에 할 수 없어서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry that I can only do this much.
제가 착각해서 죄송합니다.
I am sorry that I was mistaken.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Less formal, general apology.
Excuse me, not an apology for wrongdoing.
I made a mistake, confession of fault.
الگوهای دستوری
اصطلاحات و عبارات
"정말 죄송합니다."
I am truly sorry.
늦어서 정말 죄송합니다.
formal"대단히 죄송합니다."
I am extremely sorry.
실수해서 대단히 죄송합니다.
formal"누를 끼쳐 죄송합니다."
I apologize for causing trouble.
누를 끼쳐 죄송합니다, 다시는 이런 일이 없을 것입니다.
formal"심려를 끼쳐드려 죄송합니다."
I apologize for causing you concern.
걱정하시게 해서 심려를 끼쳐드려 죄송합니다.
formal"불편을 드려 죄송합니다."
I apologize for the inconvenience.
시스템 문제로 불편을 드려 죄송합니다.
formal"말씀 중에 죄송합니다만..."
Excuse me for interrupting, but...
말씀 중에 죄송합니다만, 질문이 있습니다.
neutral"늦어서 죄송합니다."
Sorry for being late.
회의에 늦어서 죄송합니다.
neutral"실례합니다만, 죄송합니다."
Excuse me, I'm sorry.
실례합니다만, 죄송합니다. 제가 잘못 생각했습니다.
neutral"이런, 죄송합니다."
Oh, I'm sorry.
이런, 죄송합니다. 제가 실수했어요.
neutral"죄송해요."
I'm sorry. (slightly less formal than 죄송합니다)
제가 깜빡했어요. 죄송해요.
informalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both '미안하다' and '죄송하다' mean 'to be sorry' or 'to apologize', which can be confusing for beginners.
'미안하다' is a general and slightly less formal way to apologize. You can use it with friends, family, or people you are close to. '죄송하다' is more formal and shows greater respect or politeness. You should use it with strangers, elders, or people in positions of authority.
늦어서 미안해요. (I'm sorry for being late. - Can be used in many situations.)
While not directly meaning 'sorry', '실례합니다' is often used in situations where an apology might be expected in English, leading to confusion.
'실례합니다' literally means 'excuse me' or 'pardon me'. It's used when you want to get someone's attention, pass through a crowd, or ask a small favor. It's not an apology for wrongdoing.
실례합니다, 잠시만요. (Excuse me, just a moment. - Used when you want to get past someone.)
This phrase is also an apology, but the nuance is different from '죄송하다'.
'잘못했습니다' means 'I made a mistake' or 'I did wrong'. It's a confession of fault and an apology for that specific wrongdoing. '죄송하다' is a more general expression of regret.
제가 잘못했습니다. 다시는 안 그럴게요. (I made a mistake. I won't do it again.)
'사과하다' means 'to apologize' as a verb, which can be confused with the adjective forms '죄송하다' and '미안하다'.
'사과하다' is the verb 'to apologize'. You would use it when you want to explicitly state that you are performing the action of apologizing. '죄송하다' and '미안하다' are adjectives that describe a state of being sorry.
그에게 사과했어요. (I apologized to him.)
This word also expresses regret, but in a different context than '죄송하다'.
'유감이다' means 'to be regrettable' or 'to be a pity'. It's used when expressing regret about a situation or circumstance, not necessarily for a personal fault or action. It's more about expressing sympathy or disappointment.
그 소식을 듣고 유감입니다. (I'm sorry to hear that news. - Expressing regret for a situation.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
죄송합니다 (joe-song-ham-ni-da)
늦어서 죄송합니다. (neu-jeo-seo joe-song-ham-ni-da) - I'm sorry for being late.
정말 죄송합니다 (jeong-mal joe-song-ham-ni-da)
정말 죄송합니다. 제가 실수했어요. (jeong-mal joe-song-ham-ni-da. je-ga sil-su-haess-eo-yo) - I am truly sorry. I made a mistake.
죄송하지만... (joe-song-ha-ji-man...)
죄송하지만, 다시 말씀해 주시겠어요? (joe-song-ha-ji-man, da-si mal-ssum-hae ju-si-gess-eo-yo?) - I'm sorry, but could you say it again?
...해서 죄송합니다 (...hae-seo joe-song-ham-ni-da)
불편을 드려 죄송합니다. (bul-pyeon-eul deu-ryeo joe-song-ham-ni-da) - I'm sorry for the inconvenience.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
نحوه استفاده
죄송하다 (joe-song-ha-da) is a formal way to say 'to be sorry' or 'to apologize' in Korean. It's often used in situations where you want to show a higher level of politeness or regret, such as when speaking to elders, superiors, or in a business setting. It's more formal and respectful than 미안하다 (mi-an-ha-da). You'll frequently hear it in the form 죄송합니다 (joe-song-ham-ni-da), which is the polite declarative form.
A common mistake is using 미안하다 in situations that call for more formality. While 미안하다 is perfectly fine for friends and family, using it with someone you don't know well or someone older than you might come across as less respectful. For example, if you bump into a stranger, 죄송합니다 is more appropriate than 미안합니다. Also, remember that 죄송하다 is an adjective, so it often functions with 'to be' in English. It's not typically used as a verb like 'I apologize' in English. Instead, you're saying 'I am sorry.'
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of 'Joe Sings Songs Sadly' when he has to apologize. The 'song' part sounds like 'song' in 죄송하다.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a formal setting, like a business meeting, where someone is bowing deeply and saying '죄송합니다' while wearing a suit. This emphasizes the formality.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Write down five different situations where you would use 죄송하다 instead of 미안하다. For example, 'You spilled coffee on your boss's desk.' Then, practice saying '죄송합니다' in those contexts.
ریشه کلمه
Sino-Korean
معنای اصلی: 죄 (sin, crime, fault) + 송 (lament, mourn)
Korean (derived from Chinese characters)بافت فرهنگی
When apologizing in Korea, the level of formality is very important. <code>죄송하다</code> is a polite and respectful way to apologize, often used when addressing elders, superiors, or in formal situations. It implies a deeper sense of regret and responsibility than <code>미안하다</code>, which is more casual.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Apologizing to a superior or elder
- 죄송합니다 (I am sorry)
- 정말 죄송합니다 (I am truly sorry)
- 늦어서 죄송합니다 (I am sorry for being late)
Apologizing in a formal business setting
- 불편을 드려 죄송합니다 (I am sorry for the inconvenience)
- 실례합니다 (Excuse me/I beg your pardon - often used when interrupting or for a minor offense)
- 착오가 있어 죄송합니다 (I am sorry for the mistake)
Expressing regret for a serious mistake
- 제 잘못입니다. 죄송합니다 (It's my fault. I am sorry)
- 용서해 주세요. 죄송합니다 (Please forgive me. I am sorry)
- 다시는 이런 일이 없도록 하겠습니다. 죄송합니다 (This will not happen again. I am sorry)
Declining an invitation or request politely
- 죄송하지만, 어렵습니다 (I'm sorry, but it's difficult)
- 죄송하지만, 안 될 것 같아요 (I'm sorry, but I don't think it's possible)
- 죄송합니다만, 다른 약속이 있습니다 (I'm sorry, but I have another appointment)
Getting someone's attention formally (similar to 'excuse me')
- 죄송합니다만, 잠시만요 (Excuse me, just a moment)
- 죄송합니다만, 질문이 있습니다 (Excuse me, I have a question)
- 죄송합니다만, 다시 말씀해 주시겠어요? (Excuse me, could you please say that again?)
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"선생님께 죄송하다고 말하는 상황을 상상해 보세요. 어떤 말을 할 건가요? (Imagine a situation where you need to say sorry to your teacher. What would you say?)"
"친구가 중요한 약속에 늦었어요. 친구가 '죄송합니다'라고 말했을 때, 어떻게 대답할 건가요? (Your friend was late for an important appointment. When your friend says '죄송합니다', how would you respond?)"
"레스토랑에서 실수로 다른 사람의 음료를 엎질렀어요. '죄송하다'를 사용해서 어떻게 사과할 건가요? (You accidentally spilled someone's drink at a restaurant. How would you apologize using '죄송하다'?)"
"직장 상사에게 중요한 보고서를 제출하는 것을 잊었어요. '죄송하다'를 사용하여 어떻게 사과할 건가요? (You forgot to submit an important report to your boss. How would you apologize using '죄송하다'?)"
"한국에서 길을 가다가 모르는 사람에게 길을 물어보고 싶어요. '죄송하다'를 사용해서 어떻게 말을 시작할 건가요? (You're in Korea and want to ask a stranger for directions. How would you start the conversation using '죄송하다'?)"
موضوعات نگارش
한국어로 누군가에게 진심으로 '죄송하다'고 말해야 했던 경험을 적어보세요. 어떤 상황이었고, 어떤 단어를 사용했나요? (Write about an experience where you had to sincerely say 'sorry' in Korean to someone. What was the situation, and what words did you use?)
'죄송하다'를 사용해서 사과하는 것과 '미안하다'를 사용해서 사과하는 것의 차이에 대해 생각해보고 적어보세요. 어떤 상황에서 어떤 표현을 사용할 건가요? (Think about and write down the difference between apologizing using '죄송하다' and '미안하다'. In what situations would you use each expression?)
만약 당신이 한국 회사에서 일한다면, 직장 상사에게 '죄송하다'고 말해야 하는 상황을 상상하고 적어보세요. 구체적인 시나리오를 만들어 보세요. (If you were working at a Korean company, imagine and write about a situation where you'd have to say 'sorry' to your boss. Create a specific scenario.)
당신이 한국에서 길을 묻거나 도움을 요청할 때 '죄송합니다만'이라는 표현을 어떻게 사용할 수 있을지 구체적인 대화 상황을 적어보세요. (Write down a specific dialogue situation where you could use the phrase '죄송합니다만' when asking for directions or help in Korea.)
한국 드라마나 영화에서 '죄송하다'가 사용되는 장면을 본 적이 있다면, 어떤 상황이었고 누가 누구에게 사과했는지 적어보세요. 그 상황에서 '죄송하다'는 어떤 뉘앙스를 가졌나요? (If you've seen a scene in a Korean drama or movie where '죄송하다' was used, write about the situation and who apologized to whom. What nuance did '죄송하다' carry in that situation?)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالYou should use 죄송하다 when you need to be more formal or when you're apologizing to someone older, of higher status, or someone you don't know well. 미안하다 is more casual and for friends or people you're close with.
Yes, 죄송하다 is a good choice for bumping into someone, especially if they are a stranger. It shows respect and formality. You could also just say '죄송합니다!'.
Yes, 죄송합니다 is the most common and polite way to use 죄송하다 in a spoken sentence. The '-니다' ending makes it formal and respectful.
To make it even more polite, you can add '정말' (jeongmal) meaning 'really' or 'very' before it: 정말 죄송합니다 (jeongmal joesonghamnida), meaning 'I am truly sorry.' You can also combine it with a reason for your apology.
Absolutely. If you're late for a meeting, an appointment, or to meet someone, saying 늦어서 죄송합니다 (neujeoseo joesonghamnida - I'm sorry for being late) is a very common and appropriate usage.
죄송합니다 uses the formal polite ending '-ㅂ니다/습니다', which is generally used in more formal settings or when addressing someone of higher status. 죄송해요 uses the standard polite ending '-아요/어요', which is still polite but slightly less formal, suitable for everyday interactions with people you're not super close with but still want to show respect to.
Yes, 죄송하다 can definitely be used to express regret. For example, if you made a mistake at work, you could say '실수해서 죄송합니다' (silsuhaeseo joesonghamnida - I'm sorry for the mistake).
While generally safe, using 죄송하다 in extremely casual settings with very close friends might sound a bit stiff or overly formal. In such cases, 미안하다 would be more natural. However, it's rarely 'inappropriate' in a negative sense, just sometimes not the most natural choice.
Some common phrases include: 죄송합니다 (I'm sorry), 늦어서 죄송합니다 (I'm sorry for being late), 방해해서 죄송합니다 (banghaehaseo joesonghamnida - I'm sorry for interrupting), and 불편을 드려 죄송합니다 (bulpyeoneul deuryeo joesonghamnida - I'm sorry for the inconvenience).
Common responses include: 괜찮습니다 (gwaenchansseumnida - It's okay/No problem), 아닙니다 (animnida - No, it's nothing/Don't worry about it), or 걱정하지 마세요 (geokjeonghaji maseyo - Please don't worry).
خودت رو بسنج 42 سوال
Listen for 'I am sorry' in a formal context.
Listen for 'I am sorry for being late.'
Listen for 'I apologize for the inconvenience.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
죄송합니다.
تمرکز: 죄송합니다 (joe-song-ham-ni-da)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
늦어서 죄송해요.
تمرکز: 늦어서 (neu-jeo-seo)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
정말 죄송합니다.
تمرکز: 정말 (jeong-mal)
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
다음 중 가장 적절한 상황은 언제 죄송하다를 사용해야 할까요?
죄송하다는 미안하다보다 더 정중한 표현이므로, 상사에게 사과할 때 가장 적절합니다. (죄송하다 is more formal than 미안하다, so it's most appropriate when apologizing to a superior.)
친구가 실수로 커피를 쏟았을 때, 당신은 어떤 표현을 사용하는 것이 자연스러울까요?
친한 친구 사이에서는 '미안해'와 같은 비격식적인 표현이 더 자연스럽습니다. (Among close friends, an informal expression like '미안해' is more natural.)
다음 문장에서 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 표현은 무엇일까요? '제가 실수해서 정말 _____.'
이 문장은 실수에 대한 사과이므로, '죄송합니다'가 가장 적절한 표현입니다. (This sentence is an apology for a mistake, so '죄송합니다' is the most appropriate expression.)
죄송하다는 '미안하다'보다 격식 있는 상황에서 사용하기에 적합하다.
네, 맞습니다. 죄송하다는 미안하다보다 더 공손하고 격식 있는 표현입니다. (Yes, that's correct. 죄송하다 is a more polite and formal expression than 미안하다.)
어린아이에게 사과할 때는 주로 죄송하다를 사용한다.
아닙니다. 어린아이에게는 주로 '미안해'와 같은 표현을 사용하는 것이 더 일반적입니다. (No. It's more common to use expressions like '미안해' when apologizing to a child.)
버스에서 내리다가 다른 사람의 발을 밟았을 때 '죄송합니다'라고 말하는 것은 자연스럽다.
네, 맞습니다. 공공장소에서 의도치 않은 실수를 했을 때 '죄송합니다'라고 말하는 것은 매우 자연스럽습니다. (Yes, that's correct. Saying '죄송합니다' when you accidentally make a mistake in a public place is very natural.)
저는 늦어서 정말 ____.
'죄송하다' is the correct formal way to say 'I am sorry' in this context.
회의에 참석하지 못해서 ____.
When expressing regret for not being able to attend a meeting, '죄송합니다' is appropriate.
제가 실수를 해서 정말 ____.
To apologize for a mistake, '죄송합니다' is the correct expression.
친한 친구에게는 '죄송합니다'보다 '미안합니다'를 사용하는 것이 더 자연스럽다.
'죄송하다' is more formal than '미안하다', so '미안하다' is more natural with close friends.
길을 물어볼 때 '죄송하지만, 길 좀 여쭤봐도 될까요?'라고 말할 수 있다.
'죄송하지만' can be used to politely get someone's attention before asking a question.
누군가에게 선물을 줄 때 '죄송합니다'라고 말하는 것이 예의 바르다.
When giving a gift, you would typically say '감사합니다' (thank you) or just present it, not '죄송합니다' (I'm sorry).
This sentence expresses a formal apology for being late to a meeting. The order '회의에 (to the meeting) 늦어서 (because I was late) 정말 (really) 죄송합니다 (I am sorry)' flows naturally.
This is a slightly less formal apology for making a mistake. The structure '제가 (I) 실수를 해서 (because I made a mistake) 죄송해요 (I am sorry)' is common.
This sentence uses '죄송하지만' to express regret before stating an inability to help. The order '불편을 드려 (I am sorry for the inconvenience) 죄송하지만 (but) 도와드릴 수 없습니다 (I cannot help you)' is standard.
Imagine you accidentally spilled coffee on an important document belonging to your boss. Write a formal apology email to your boss using '죄송하다' at least once. Include details about what happened and how you plan to fix it. (200자 내외)
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پاسخ نمونه
팀장님, 오늘 아침 팀장님의 중요 서류에 제가 실수로 커피를 쏟아 죄송합니다. 정말 죄송한 마음 금할 길이 없습니다. 서류는 제가 깨끗하게 복사하여 오후까지 다시 제출하겠습니다. 다음부터는 이런 일이 발생하지 않도록 더욱 주의하겠습니다. 다시 한번 진심으로 사과드립니다.
You are a customer service representative. A customer is very upset because their order was delayed. Write a polite and professional message to the customer, expressing your apologies and explaining the situation using '죄송하다' appropriately. (150자 내외)
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
고객님, 주문하신 상품 배송이 지연되어 대단히 죄송합니다. 갑작스러운 물류 문제로 인해 배송이 늦어지게 되었습니다. 현재 문제 해결을 위해 최선을 다하고 있으며, 최대한 빠른 시일 내에 상품을 받아보실 수 있도록 노력하겠습니다. 불편을 드린 점 다시 한번 죄송합니다.
You missed an important meeting due to a misunderstanding. Write a brief note to your colleague explaining why you were absent and expressing your apology using '죄송하다'. (100자 내외)
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
김대리님, 오늘 오전 회의에 불참하여 죄송합니다. 제가 회의 시간을 착각하여 참석하지 못했습니다. 다음부터는 이런 일이 없도록 더욱 신경 쓰겠습니다. 중요한 회의였는데 폐를 끼쳐 죄송합니다.
화자는 어떤 상황에서 '죄송한 마음'을 느꼈나요?
این متن را بخوانید:
최근 겪었던 가장 당황스러웠던 순간은, 중요한 발표를 앞두고 발표 자료를 실수로 삭제했을 때였습니다. 그때의 충격과 절망감은 이루 말할 수 없었죠. 밤샘 작업을 통해 겨우 복구했지만, 다시는 이런 실수를 반복하고 싶지 않다는 생각에 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다.
화자는 어떤 상황에서 '죄송한 마음'을 느꼈나요?
지문에서 '발표 자료를 실수로 삭제했을 때였습니다. ... 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다.'라고 명확히 언급되어 있습니다.
지문에서 '발표 자료를 실수로 삭제했을 때였습니다. ... 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다.'라고 명확히 언급되어 있습니다.
화자가 친구에게 '죄송한 마음'을 표현하기 위해 어떤 행동을 했나요?
این متن را بخوانید:
어제는 제가 급하게 처리해야 할 일이 생겨 약속 시간을 30분이나 늦었습니다. 친구에게 미리 연락을 드렸지만, 기다리게 한 것이 너무 죄송해서 저녁 식사를 제가 대접했습니다. 친구는 괜찮다고 했지만, 저는 계속 미안한 마음이 들었어요.
화자가 친구에게 '죄송한 마음'을 표현하기 위해 어떤 행동을 했나요?
지문에서 '기다리게 한 것이 너무 죄송해서 저녁 식사를 제가 대접했습니다.'라고 나와 있습니다.
지문에서 '기다리게 한 것이 너무 죄송해서 저녁 식사를 제가 대접했습니다.'라고 나와 있습니다.
화자가 친구에게 '죄송한 마음'을 느낀 이유는 무엇인가요?
این متن را بخوانید:
오랜만에 만난 고향 친구와 대화하던 중, 제가 무심코 친구의 아픈 부분을 건드렸습니다. 친구는 괜찮다고 했지만, 저는 제 말실수에 깊이 후회하며 집에 돌아와서도 계속 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다. 다음에는 더 신중하게 말해야겠다고 다짐했습니다.
화자가 친구에게 '죄송한 마음'을 느낀 이유는 무엇인가요?
지문에서 '제가 무심코 친구의 아픈 부분을 건드렸습니다. ... 계속 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다.'라고 설명되어 있습니다.
지문에서 '제가 무심코 친구의 아픈 부분을 건드렸습니다. ... 계속 죄송한 마음이 들었습니다.'라고 설명되어 있습니다.
Formal apology for causing concern over an unfortunate incident. Speaker hopes for understanding.
A deep, formal apology for a situation caused by careless actions.
Apology for not resolving a customer's inconvenience promptly.
این را بلند بخوانید:
저의 부주의로 인해 계획에 차질이 생겨 죄송합니다.
تمرکز: 부주의로 인해, 차질이 생겨, 죄송합니다
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
이번 결정으로 인해 실망하신 분들께 깊이 죄송하다는 말씀을 드리고 싶습니다.
تمرکز: 실망하신 분들께, 깊이 죄송하다는, 말씀을 드리고 싶습니다
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
저의 미숙함으로 발생한 모든 문제에 대해 진심으로 죄송하게 생각합니다.
تمرکز: 미숙함으로 발생한, 모든 문제에 대해, 진심으로 죄송하게 생각합니다
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
This sentence means 'I am truly sorry for being late for the meeting.' The order follows a common Korean sentence structure of [event/reason] [adverb] [apology].
This sentence means 'I am sorry for causing inconvenience due to my mistake.' The complex structure requires understanding of nominalization with '-는 점' and the causative '드린'.
This sentence means 'I apologize for the disruption to the plan due to an unforeseen circumstance.' This is a more formal and complex apology, suitable for C2 level learners.
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Summary
Use 죄송하다 when you need to be more formal or polite in your apology.
- Formal way to say 'sorry'.
- Used for apologies or expressing regret.
- More polite than '미안하다'.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر emotions
받아들이다
A2To accept, to embrace, to take in.
아파하다
A2To feel pain or sorrow.
감탄스럽다
A2To be admirable or wonderful; to inspire awe.
감탄
A2Admiration or marvel; a feeling of wonder.
감탄하다
A2To admire or to marvel; to express wonder.
기특하다
B1Admirable for a good deed or thought; commendable.
충고
B1Guidance or recommendations offered with regard to prudent future action; advice.
애정
B1Affection; a gentle feeling of fondness or liking.
애틋하다
B2To be tender, fond, or wistful.
살갑다
B2To be warm, friendly, affectionate.
