gebaseerd
gebaseerd در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Means 'based on' and requires the preposition 'op'.
- Used for movies, theories, logic, and justifications.
- Functions as an adjective or past participle.
- Essential for professional and academic Dutch (B2 level).
The Dutch word gebaseerd is a versatile adjective and past participle that English speakers will find very intuitive, as it is a cognate of the English word 'based'. At its core, it describes a relationship where one thing serves as the foundation, source, or justification for another. In the Netherlands, clarity and evidence are highly valued in communication, making this word a staple in both professional and casual discourse. When you say something is gebaseerd, you are essentially providing the 'why' or the 'where from' for an assertion or creation.
- Creative Contexts
- In the world of art and media, you will constantly see this word in opening credits. 'Gebaseerd op een waargebeurd verhaal' (Based on a true story) is perhaps the most common phrase you will encounter. It indicates that the narrative structure of a film or novel has its roots in reality, even if some elements are fictionalized.
Zijn nieuwe roman is volledig gebaseerd op zijn eigen ervaringen in Amsterdam.
- Logical and Scientific Usage
- In academic or technical settings, gebaseerd is used to link conclusions to data. If a scientist makes a claim, it must be 'gebaseerd op feiten' (based on facts) or 'gebaseerd op onderzoek' (based on research). This usage implies a rigorous process of derivation where the output is only as strong as the input foundation.
Socially, the word is used to justify opinions. If you have a disagreement, someone might ask, 'Waarom denk je dat?' (Why do you think that?), to which you might reply, 'Mijn mening is gebaseerd op wat ik gisteren in het nieuws zag' (My opinion is based on what I saw in the news yesterday). It adds a layer of intellectual weight to your statements, suggesting they aren't just random thoughts but have a specific origin point. This word is essential for B2 learners because it allows for the construction of complex arguments and the citation of sources in spoken and written Dutch.
De conclusies van het rapport zijn gebaseerd op jarenlang statistisch onderzoek.
- Legal and Formal Use
- In legal documents, 'gebaseerd' identifies the legal basis for a decision. A judge's verdict is 'gebaseerd op de wet' (based on the law). This highlights the word's role in establishing authority and legitimacy within the Dutch societal framework.
In summary, 'gebaseerd' is the bridge between a result and its origin. Whether you are discussing a movie, a scientific paper, a law, or a personal belief, this word provides the necessary link to the underlying foundation. Its frequency in Dutch media and academic writing makes it a high-priority word for anyone looking to reach professional fluency.
Using gebaseerd correctly requires an understanding of its relationship with the preposition op and its placement in a sentence. Because it functions as an adjective derived from a verb, it often appears after the verb 'zijn' (to be) or 'worden' (to become/be). However, its most critical grammatical feature is its dependency on a prepositional object introduced by op.
- The Prepositional Link
- The formula is almost always: [Subject] + [Verb] + gebaseerd + op + [Basis]. For example: 'De beslissing is gebaseerd op angst' (The decision is based on fear). Without 'op', the sentence would be incomplete and grammatically incorrect.
Is dit artikel gebaseerd op betrouwbare bronnen?
- Attributive Usage
- While most often used after the verb, 'gebaseerd' can also come before a noun. In this case, it usually takes an '-e' ending if the noun is plural or a 'de'-word. For example: 'Op feiten gebaseerde argumenten' (Arguments based on facts). Note that the 'op feiten' part moves to the front of the adjective in this construction, which is a common Dutch word-order pattern for participial phrases.
In questions, the 'waar' + 'op' combination is frequently used to ask about the basis of something. 'Waarop is dat gebaseerd?' (On what is that based?) is a standard way to challenge a claim or seek more information. This construction is vital for participating in debates or discussions in Dutch. It is more natural than saying 'Op wat is dat gebaseerd?'.
De prijs is gebaseerd op de huidige marktwaarde.
- Passive Voice Integration
- Because 'gebaseerd' is the past participle of 'baseren', it fits perfectly into passive constructions. 'Het nieuwe beleid wordt gebaseerd op de feedback van de werknemers' (The new policy is being based on the feedback of the employees). Here, it emphasizes the ongoing process of establishing the foundation.
Finally, consider the nuances of 'gebaseerd' versus synonyms like 'gestoeld'. While 'gebaseerd' is general-purpose, 'gestoeld' (literally 'chaired') is much more formal and often used for abstract concepts like philosophies or traditions. For most B2 learners, 'gebaseerd' is the safe, correct, and most frequently understood choice across all domains of life.
If you spend a day in the Netherlands or Flanders, you will hear gebaseerd in a variety of settings, ranging from the evening news to a casual chat at a coffee shop. Its prevalence stems from the Dutch cultural emphasis on 'nuchterheid' (pragmatism) and the need for evidence-based reasoning. You don't just say things; you base them on something tangible.
- News and Media
- News anchors on the NOS or VRT often use the word when reporting on government decisions. 'De maatregelen zijn gebaseerd op het advies van het OMT' (The measures are based on the advice of the Outbreak Management Team). This usage serves to deflect personal responsibility and ground the decision in expert consensus.
Veel van zijn grappen zijn gebaseerd op stereotypen.
- In the Workplace
- In a Dutch 'vergadering' (meeting), you'll hear colleagues questioning each other's proposals. A common question is: 'Is dit gebaseerd op de cijfers van vorig kwartaal?' (Is this based on last quarter's figures?). In the egalitarian Dutch work culture, everyone is allowed to question the basis of a plan, making 'gebaseerd' a key tool for professional survival.
In the classroom or lecture hall, 'gebaseerd' is ubiquitous. Professors will explain that their lectures are 'gebaseerd op het handboek' (based on the textbook). Students, in turn, must ensure their essays are 'gebaseerd op wetenschappelijke literatuur'. It is the hallmark of academic integrity in the Dutch-speaking world.
De film is gebaseerd op een waargebeurd verhaal.
- Entertainment and Reviews
- When reading a review for a play or a movie, you'll see phrases like 'gebaseerd op de klassieker van Shakespeare'. It helps the audience set their expectations regarding the source material and the adaptation's faithfulness to it.
Lastly, in casual conversations about relationships or life choices, people use it to explain their rationale. 'Mijn keuze voor deze studie was gebaseerd op mijn passie voor talen' (My choice for this study was based on my passion for languages). It shows that Dutch speakers value logical pathways even in personal matters.
For English speakers, gebaseerd feels like a 'safe' word because it looks like 'based'. However, this similarity can lead to several common pitfalls, particularly regarding prepositions and sentence structure. Understanding these mistakes will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a direct translator.
- Wrong Preposition
- The most frequent error is using the wrong preposition. Some learners might try to use 'aan' or 'in' (influenced by other Dutch verbs). Remember: it is ALWAYS 'gebaseerd op'. Saying 'gebaseerd in feiten' is a direct translation of 'based in facts' but is incorrect in Dutch.
Fout: De theorie is gebaseerd aan onderzoek.
Goed: De theorie is gebaseerd op onderzoek.
- Confusing with 'Baseren'
- Learners often forget that 'gebaseerd' is a participle. When you want to say 'I base my opinion on...', you must use the verb 'baseren'. Incorrect: 'Ik gebaseerd mijn mening op...'. Correct: 'Ik baseer mijn mening op...'. 'Gebaseerd' is for the state or the result, 'baseren' is for the action.
Another subtle mistake involves the adjective ending '-e'. As mentioned in the usage section, when 'gebaseerd' is used before a noun (attributively), it usually needs the '-e'. However, learners often forget to move the 'op' phrase. You cannot say 'de gebaseerd op feiten argumenten'. You must say 'de op feiten gebaseerde argumenten'. This word order is tricky for English speakers because it 'sandwiches' the basis between the preposition and the adjective.
Het is een op bewijs gebaseerde methode.
- Using 'Gefundeerd' incorrectly
- While 'gefundeerd' is a synonym, it usually implies a 'well-founded' or 'solid' basis. Using 'gebaseerd' is neutral. If you say something is 'niet gebaseerd op feiten', it just means there are no facts. If you say it is 'ongefundeerd', you are making a stronger criticism that the claim lacks any solid ground or logic.
Lastly, watch out for the pronunciation of the '-d' at the end. In Dutch, a 'd' at the end of a word is pronounced like a 't' (final devoicing). So, 'gebaseerd' sounds like 'ge-ba-zeert'. English speakers often try to pronounce a soft 'd', which can sound slightly off to a native ear.
While gebaseerd is the most common way to express the idea of having a basis, Dutch offers several alternatives that can add precision or a different level of formality to your speech. Knowing when to swap 'gebaseerd' for another word is a sign of a high-level (C1/C2) speaker.
- Gestoeld op
- Comparison: This is more formal and slightly more metaphorical. 'Gestoeld' comes from 'stoel' (chair/seat). It is used for systems of thought, traditions, or legal frameworks. You wouldn't say a movie is 'gestoeld op een boek', but you would say 'Onze democratie is gestoeld op gelijkheid'.
Het juridische systeem is gestoeld op eeuwenoude tradities.
- Gefundeerd
- Comparison: This word emphasizes the 'fundament' (foundation). It is often used in the phrase 'een goed gefundeerde mening' (a well-founded opinion). While 'gebaseerd' is neutral, 'gefundeerd' implies quality and strength in the reasoning.
Another alternative is steunend op (leaning on/supporting on). This is more literal and visual. It suggests that the conclusion is physically or metaphorically held up by the evidence. It is less common than 'gebaseerd' but very effective in descriptive writing.
Zijn argumentatie, steunend op recente data, was zeer overtuigend.
- Voortvloeien uit
- Comparison: This verb (meaning 'to flow forth from') describes a result that naturally follows from a basis. While 'gebaseerd op' shows the foundation, 'voortvloeien uit' shows the logical consequence. 'Deze conclusie vloeit voort uit het onderzoek' (This conclusion follows from the research).
In more informal settings, you might simply use door (by/because of) or vanwege (because of). Instead of saying 'Mijn angst is gebaseerd op een nare ervaring', you could say 'Ik ben bang vanwege een nare ervaring'. However, 'gebaseerd' remains the most precise way to link an effect to its underlying cause or source material.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'g' as a hard English 'g' (like 'goat'). It should be a soft, raspy sound.
- Pronouncing the final 'd' as a soft 'd'. In Dutch, final 'd' is always 't'.
- Stressing the first syllable 'ge-'. In Dutch, the prefix 'ge-' is never stressed.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
De film is gebaseerd op een boek.
The movie is based on a book.
Simple subject + is + gebaseerd op.
Is dit verhaal gebaseerd op echt?
Is this story based on reality?
Question form.
Het spel is gebaseerd op sport.
The game is based on sports.
Simple predicate adjective.
Mijn idee is gebaseerd op jouw plan.
My idea is based on your plan.
Possessive pronoun + noun.
De les is gebaseerd op pagina tien.
The lesson is based on page ten.
Locational basis.
Is dat gebaseerd op een grap?
Is that based on a joke?
Demonstrative pronoun 'dat'.
Het liedje is gebaseerd op een gedicht.
The song is based on a poem.
Diminutive 'liedje'.
Dit is gebaseerd op liefde.
This is based on love.
Abstract noun as basis.
De prijs is gebaseerd op het gewicht.
The price is based on the weight.
Use of 'het'-word.
Mijn mening is gebaseerd op het nieuws.
My opinion is based on the news.
Standard opinion phrase.
Is het menu gebaseerd op de Franse keuken?
Is the menu based on French cuisine?
Adjective 'Franse'.
De film is gebaseerd op een waargebeurd verhaal.
The movie is based on a true story.
Common set phrase.
Zijn angst is gebaseerd op een nare ervaring.
His fear is based on a bad experience.
Noun 'ervaring'.
De regels zijn gebaseerd op veiligheid.
The rules are based on safety.
Plural subject 'regels'.
Is dit onderzoek gebaseerd op feiten?
Is this research based on facts?
Plural 'feiten'.
Het ontwerp is gebaseerd op de natuur.
The design is based on nature.
Abstract basis.
De beslissing is gebaseerd op economische factoren.
The decision is based on economic factors.
Adjective 'economische'.
Waarop is jouw conclusie gebaseerd?
On what is your conclusion based?
Pronominal adverb 'waarop'.
Het rapport is gebaseerd op interviews met experts.
The report is based on interviews with experts.
Compound basis.
Deze theorie is gebaseerd op oude tradities.
This theory is based on old traditions.
Plural 'tradities'.
De software is gebaseerd op een nieuw algoritme.
The software is based on a new algorithm.
Technical context.
Mijn advies is gebaseerd op jarenlange ervaring.
My advice is based on years of experience.
Compound adjective 'jarenlange'.
Is het budget gebaseerd op de huidige inkomsten?
Is the budget based on current income?
Financial context.
De selectie is gebaseerd op objectieve criteria.
The selection is based on objective criteria.
Plural 'criteria'.
Zijn hele levensfilosofie is gebaseerd op stoïcijns denken.
His whole philosophy of life is based on Stoic thinking.
Abstract compound noun.
De op feiten gebaseerde argumenten overtuigden de jury.
The fact-based arguments convinced the jury.
Attributive use with '-e' ending.
Onze strategie is gebaseerd op een grondige marktanalyse.
Our strategy is based on a thorough market analysis.
Adjective 'grondige'.
Is deze bewering ergens op gebaseerd?
Is this claim based on anything?
Use of 'ergens op'.
Het vonnis was gebaseerd op artikel 12 van de Grondwet.
The verdict was based on article 12 of the Constitution.
Legal context.
De nieuwe wetgeving is gebaseerd op Europese richtlijnen.
The new legislation is based on European directives.
Political context.
Zijn wantrouwen is gebaseerd op eerdere teleurstellingen.
His distrust is based on previous disappointments.
Psychological context.
De berekening is gebaseerd op een foutieve aanname.
The calculation is based on a false assumption.
Scientific error context.
De door de overheid genomen maatregelen zijn gebaseerd op wetenschappelijke consensus.
The measures taken by the government are based on scientific consensus.
Complex sentence with relative clause.
Het is een op wantrouwen gebaseerde cultuur binnen dat bedrijf.
It is a culture based on distrust within that company.
Attributive participial phrase.
Zijn kritiek was louter gebaseerd op persoonlijke animositeit.
His criticism was purely based on personal animosity.
Adverb 'louter'.
De conclusies, hoewel gebaseerd op data, zijn toch discutabel.
The conclusions, although based on data, are still debatable.
Concessive clause.
Deze artistieke visie is gebaseerd op het minimalisme van de jaren '60.
This artistic vision is based on the minimalism of the 60s.
Historical/Artistic context.
De rechtvaardiging voor de oorlog was gebaseerd op valse voorwendselen.
The justification for the war was based on false pretenses.
Political/Ethical context.
Haar succes is gebaseerd op een unieke combinatie van talent en discipline.
Her success is based on a unique combination of talent and discipline.
Abstract combination.
Is deze methodologie wel gebaseerd op een valide nulmeting?
Is this methodology actually based on a valid baseline measurement?
Academic jargon 'nulmeting'.
De gehele ontologie van zijn werk is gebaseerd op een radicaal subjectivisme.
The entire ontology of his work is based on a radical subjectivism.
Philosophical terminology.
De op louter speculatie gebaseerde geruchten veroorzaakten paniek op de beurs.
The rumors, based on mere speculation, caused panic on the stock exchange.
Sophisticated attributive phrase.
Zijn verweer was gebaseerd op een uiterst subtiele interpretatie van de jurisprudentie.
His defense was based on an extremely subtle interpretation of the case law.
Legal jargon 'jurisprudentie'.
De veronderstelling dat dit beleid op feiten is gebaseerd, is een grove misvatting.
The assumption that this policy is based on facts is a gross misconception.
Subordinate clause 'dat... is gebaseerd'.
Een op angst gebaseerde samenleving is gedoemd te falen.
A society based on fear is doomed to fail.
Sociopolitical commentary.
Deze linguïstische theorie is gebaseerd op de universele grammatica van Chomsky.
This linguistic theory is based on Chomsky's universal grammar.
Academic reference.
De door hem voorgestelde wijzigingen zijn gebaseerd op een volstrekt verkeerde lezing van de tekst.
The changes proposed by him are based on a completely wrong reading of the text.
Complex passive structure.
Is het morele kompas van de mens gebaseerd op biologie of cultuur?
Is the human moral compass based on biology or culture?
Philosophical inquiry.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— A standard question to ask for the evidence or reason behind a claim.
Je zegt dat het gaat regenen. Waarop is dat gebaseerd?
— Indicates a weak or creative connection to the source material.
De serie is losjes gebaseerd op zijn leven.
— Indicates a total reliance on the source or foundation.
Het rapport is volledig gebaseerd op de enquête.
— Indicates that the thing is one of several factors serving as a basis.
De uitslag is mede gebaseerd op de stemmen van het publiek.
— Describes something that has a firm basis in science.
Wij gebruiken alleen wetenschappelijk gebaseerde methoden.
— A way to say something is fictional or delusional.
Zijn angsten zijn niet gebaseerd op de werkelijkheid.
— A common way to describe a healthy professional or personal relationship.
Onze samenwerking is gebaseerd op wederzijds respect.
— Having a broader foundation or range of sources.
Het nieuwe beleid moet breder gebaseerd zijn.
— The attributive version of 'based on facts'.
We hebben behoefte aan een op feiten gebaseerd debat.
— Decisions or views coming from feelings rather than logic.
Dat was een emotioneel gebaseerde reactie.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— This is the opposite of something being 'gebaseerd op feiten'; it means making plans with no basis in reality.
Hij is alleen maar luchtkastelen aan het bouwen.
informal— To have a very weak or non-existent foundation (synonym for 'niet goed gebaseerd').
Zijn hele theorie is op los zand gebouwd.
neutral— To create the foundation that something will be based on.
We hebben vandaag de basis gelegd voor het project.
neutral— To have no legal or logical basis for an argument.
Zonder bewijs heb je geen poot om op te staan.
informal— To invent something completely (the opposite of 'gebaseerd op feiten').
Hij heeft dat hele verhaal uit zijn duim gezogen.
informal— To have a solid basis or position.
Eindelijk hebben we vaste grond onder de voeten.
neutral— The logic is so well-based and solid that it cannot be criticized.
Zijn argumentatie was perfect; er was geen speld tussen te krijgen.
neutral— To be completely wrong (often because the reasoning was not based on reality).
Met die conclusie sla je de plank volledig mis.
informal— To have a flawed basis for comparison.
Je kunt die twee landen niet vergelijken; dat is appels met peren vergelijken.
informal— To give something a firm basis or recognition in a field.
Zij heeft dit bedrijf echt op de kaart gezet.
neutralخانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
ریشه کلمه
Derived from the Dutch verb 'baseren', which comes from the French 'baser'. The French word itself stems from the Latin 'basis', which was borrowed from the Greek 'basis' (step, pedestal, base).
معنای اصلی: To place on a pedestal or to give a physical foundation.
Indo-European (via Latin/French into Germanic Dutch).Summary
The word 'gebaseerd' is your primary tool for establishing the source or foundation of any idea. Always pair it with 'op' to ensure grammatical correctness, such as in 'gebaseerd op feiten'.
- Means 'based on' and requires the preposition 'op'.
- Used for movies, theories, logic, and justifications.
- Functions as an adjective or past participle.
- Essential for professional and academic Dutch (B2 level).
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر academic
aanduidig
B1Indicating or pointing out
aanleiding
B1A reason for something happening
aanname
B1The action of accepting something as true.
aannemelijkheid
B1پذیرفتنی بودن ادعای او توسط قاضی بررسی شد.
aanschouwing
B1عمل مشاهده یا تأمل عمیق.
aantoonbaar
B1اثر در آمار قابل اثبات است.
abstract
C1در فکر یا به عنوان یک ایده وجود دارد اما وجود فیزیکی ندارد.
accumuleren
C1انباشتن (accumuleren) به معنای گردآوری یا به دست آوردن تعداد فزایندهای از چیزی در طول زمان، مانند پول یا دانش است. (To gather or acquire an increasing number of something over time, like money or knowledge.)
afgeleid
C1Obtained from or drawn from a source.
afleiden
C1To deduce or infer from evidence.