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A2 noun 3 دقیقه مطالعه

芝士

zhishi

芝士 (zhī shì) is the direct and widely understood Chinese term for cheese, essential for anyone talking about this dairy product in Chinese.

تمرین کن نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

芝士 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 芝士 is the Chinese word for cheese.
  • It's a transliteration of the English word.
  • Commonly used in modern Chinese for cheese.

§ Understanding 芝士 (zhī shì)

Okay, let's talk about 芝士 (zhī shì). This is the most common and direct way to say "cheese" in Chinese, especially in everyday conversation. It's a loanword, which means it sounds similar to the English word "cheese." This makes it super easy to remember.

DEFINITION
Cheese.

You'll hear 芝士 (zhī shì) in pretty much any context where you're talking about cheese as a food item. Think pizzas, sandwiches, snacks, or just a block of cheese.

我喜欢吃芝士蛋糕。

Translation hint: I like to eat cheese cake.

这个披萨有很多芝士。

Translation hint: This pizza has a lot of cheese.

§ Similar words and their usage

While 芝士 (zhī shì) is your go-to, you might occasionally encounter other terms. Let's break them down so you know when and where to use them, or simply recognize them.

  • 奶酪 (nǎi lào): This is another common term for cheese. Historically, 奶酪 (nǎi lào) refers to dairy products made from fermented milk, which includes cheese. In some regions, especially in mainland China, 奶酪 (nǎi lào) can be used interchangeably with 芝士 (zhī shì). However, it can also refer to other dairy products like yogurt or cottage cheese, depending on the context and region. It's a broader term than 芝士 (zhī shì).

蒙古人喜欢吃各种奶酪。

Translation hint: Mongolians like to eat various kinds of dairy products/cheese.

  • 干酪 (gān lào): This term literally means "dry cheese" or "dried dairy curd." It's often used for harder, aged cheeses. You might see this on product labels for more specialized cheeses, but it's not as common in daily conversation as 芝士 (zhī shì) or even 奶酪 (nǎi lào). It has a more specific, almost technical feel to it.

这种干酪味道很浓郁。

Translation hint: This kind of hard cheese has a very rich flavor.

  • 起司 (qǐ sī): This is another direct transliteration of "cheese," much like 芝士 (zhī shì). It's more commonly used in Taiwan and some Cantonese-speaking regions (Hong Kong, Macau). If you're learning Mandarin primarily for mainland China, 芝士 (zhī shì) is what you need. If you're focusing on Taiwanese Mandarin or Cantonese, 起司 (qǐ sī) will be more prevalent.

这份早餐有烤起司和鸡蛋。

Translation hint: This breakfast has grilled cheese and eggs.

§ When to use 芝士 (zhī shì)

For most learners, most of the time, 芝士 (zhī shì) is your best choice for "cheese."

  • Everyday food items: Pizza, sandwiches, gratins, cheese platters.
  • Restaurant menus: You'll see 芝士 (zhī shì) on menus in cafes and Western restaurants.
  • Talking about cheese generally: "I love cheese," "Do you like cheese?"

我们今天晚上吃芝士火锅吧！

Translation hint: Let's eat cheese fondue tonight!

Stick with 芝士 (zhī shì) as your primary word. You'll be understood, and it's the most widely accepted term for the cheese that English speakers typically refer to. The other terms are good to know for recognition, but less critical for active use in your early stages of learning.

گرامر لازم

Measure words are often used before nouns to quantify them. For '芝士' (cheese), a common measure word is '块' (kuài), meaning 'piece' or 'lump'. So, '一块芝士' means 'a piece of cheese'.

我喜欢吃一块芝士蛋糕。 (Wǒ xǐhuān chī yī kuài zhīshì dàngāo.) I like to eat a piece of cheesecake.

When describing the taste or type of '芝士', adjectives can be placed directly before it. For example, '好吃' (hǎochī) meaning 'delicious' or '硬' (yìng) meaning 'hard'. So, '好吃的芝士' means 'delicious cheese'.

这种芝士又香又好吃。 (Zhè zhǒng zhīshì yòu xiāng yòu hǎochī.) This kind of cheese is both fragrant and delicious.

To express 'with cheese' or 'cheese-flavored', you can often use '有' (yǒu) meaning 'to have' or simply place '芝士' before the other noun as an attributive. For example, '有芝士的披萨' (yǒu zhīshì de pīsà) means 'pizza with cheese' or '芝士披萨' (zhīshì pīsà) means 'cheese pizza'.

我想要一个芝士汉堡。 (Wǒ xiǎng yào yīgè zhīshì hànbǎo.) I want a cheese burger.

To ask 'Do you like cheese?', you can use the structure '你喜欢吃芝士吗?' (Nǐ xǐhuān chī zhīshì ma?). '喜欢' (xǐhuān) means 'to like', '吃' (chī) means 'to eat', and '吗' (ma) is a question particle.

你早餐喜欢吃芝士吗？ (Nǐ zǎocān xǐhuān chī zhīshì ma?) Do you like to eat cheese for breakfast?

To specify the origin or brand of cheese, you can place the origin/brand before '的' (de) and then '芝士'. For example, '法国的芝士' (Fàguó de zhīshì) means 'French cheese'.

我喜欢吃意大利的芝士。 (Wǒ xǐhuān chī Yìdàlì de zhīshì.) I like to eat Italian cheese.

نحوه استفاده

芝士 (zhī shì) is the most common and practical way to say 'cheese' in Chinese. It's a direct transliteration of the English word 'cheese'. You'll hear this everywhere, from supermarkets to restaurants. There's also 奶酪 (nǎi lào), which is another term for cheese, but 芝士 is much more frequently used in daily conversation, especially for Western-style cheese.

اشتباهات رایج

A common mistake is trying to use 奶酪 (nǎi lào) for all types of cheese. While technically correct, it's not what most people say casually. Stick to 芝士 for general 'cheese' and you'll be understood. For example, if you want 'cheesecake,' you'd say 芝士蛋糕 (zhī shì dàn gāo), not 奶酪蛋糕.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

The most common way to say 'cheese' in Chinese is 芝士 (zhī shì). It's a loanword from English.

While 芝士 (zhī shì) is very common, especially in everyday contexts and for many Western cheeses, another term you might encounter is 奶酪 (nǎi lào). 奶酪 is a more traditional Chinese term for dairy products made from milk curds, and it can refer to cheese in a broader sense. However, for a direct equivalent of 'cheese' as understood in English, 芝士 is often preferred.

You can use it just like in English! For example:

  • 我喜欢吃芝士。 (Wǒ xǐhuān chī zhī shì.) - I like to eat cheese.
  • 这个披萨有好多芝士。 (Zhè ge pīsà yǒu hǎo duō zhī shì.) - This pizza has a lot of cheese.

芝士 (zhī shì) generally refers to Western-style cheeses like cheddar, mozzarella, or cream cheese. If you're talking about a specific type of cheese, you might add the type before 芝士, e.g., 马苏里拉芝士 (mǎ sū lǐ lā zhī shì) for mozzarella cheese.

They are often used interchangeably to mean 'cheese,' but there's a nuance. 芝士 (zhī shì) is a direct phonetic borrowing and generally refers to the Western dairy product. 奶酪 (nǎi lào) is a more indigenous Chinese term that can encompass a wider range of dairy products made from milk curds, including some traditional Mongolian or Xinjiang dairy items that might be similar to cheese. In many modern contexts, especially for common Western cheeses, 芝士 is more specific.

Absolutely! If you're ordering a cheeseburger, you'd say 芝士汉堡 (zhī shì hàn bǎo).

For 'cream cheese,' you would usually say 奶油芝士 (nǎi yóu zhī shì) or sometimes just 芝士 (zhī shì) if the context is clear, like when making cheesecake.

'Cheesecake' is commonly called 芝士蛋糕 (zhī shì dàn gāo). Very straightforward!

芝士 (zhī shì) is very common and can be used in both formal and informal situations when discussing cheese. It's a standard term.

You can say:

  • 可以再给我一些芝士吗？ (Kě yǐ zài gěi wǒ yī xiē zhī shì ma?) - Can you give me some more cheese?
  • 请多放点芝士。 (Qǐng duō fàng diǎn zhī shì.) - Please put more cheese. (Often used when ordering food.)

خودت رو بسنج 30 سوال

multiple choice A1

Choose the correct Chinese word for 'cheese'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 芝士 (zhīshì)

'芝士' (zhīshì) means cheese. '牛奶' (niúnǎi) means milk, '面包' (miànbāo) means bread, and '水' (shuǐ) means water.

multiple choice A1

Which of these foods usually contains '芝士' (zhīshì)?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 披萨 (pīsà)

Pizza (披萨) commonly contains cheese. Rice (米饭), noodles (面条), and dumplings (饺子) do not typically have cheese as a main ingredient.

multiple choice A1

If you like to eat '芝士' (zhīshì), what kind of food do you like?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: Cheesy food

'芝士' (zhīshì) means cheese, so if you like it, you like cheesy food.

true false A1

The word '芝士' (zhīshì) means 'milk' in Chinese.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

'芝士' (zhīshì) means cheese, not milk. Milk is '牛奶' (niúnǎi).

true false A1

You can say '我喜欢吃芝士' (Wǒ xǐhuān chī zhīshì) to mean 'I like to eat cheese'.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

This sentence correctly uses '芝士' (zhīshì) and means 'I like to eat cheese'.

true false A1

A cake is an example of food that always contains '芝士' (zhīshì).

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

While some cakes, like cheesecake, contain cheese, not all cakes do. Therefore, it's not always contained in a cake.

multiple choice B1

她不喜欢甜食，更喜欢咸味的___。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 芝士

Context indicates a preference for savory foods. 芝士 (cheese) is savory, while the other options are sweet.

multiple choice B1

做三明治的时候，我通常会加一些___和火腿。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 芝士

When making a sandwich with ham, cheese (芝士) is a common addition.

multiple choice B1

这家餐厅的披萨上放了很多___，味道非常好。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 芝士

Pizza is often topped with a lot of cheese (芝士).

true false B1

牛奶是制作芝士的主要原料之一。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

Milk is indeed a primary ingredient in making cheese.

true false B1

在中国，芝士是一种非常传统的食物，历史悠久。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

While cheese is gaining popularity in China, it is not a traditional food with a long history in Chinese cuisine.

true false B1

意大利面通常会搭配芝士一起食用。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

Many Italian pasta dishes are served with cheese, such as Parmesan.

multiple choice B2

她对芝士蛋糕情有独钟，每次去咖啡馆都点。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: She loves cheesecake.

情有独钟 (qíngyǒudúzhōng) means to have a special fondness for something. The sentence indicates a strong preference for cheesecake.

multiple choice B2

这种芝士散发出浓郁的香气，让人垂涎欲滴。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: This cheese has a strong, appealing aroma.

浓郁的香气 (nóngyù de xiāngqì) means a rich and strong aroma, and 垂涎欲滴 (chuíxiányùdī) means to make one's mouth water, suggesting it smells delicious.

multiple choice B2

为了保持身材，她尽量避免摄入高脂肪的食物，包括芝士。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: She tries to limit high-fat foods like cheese for her figure.

避免摄入 (bìmiǎn shèrù) means to avoid intake, and 高脂肪的食物 (gāozhīfáng de shíwù) means high-fat foods. This implies she avoids cheese due to its fat content to maintain her figure.

true false B2

在制作三明治时，芝士通常是不可或缺的配料。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

不可或缺 (bùkěhuòquē) means indispensable or essential. Cheese is often a key ingredient in sandwiches.

true false B2

所有的芝士都适合搭配红酒。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: نادرست

并非所有的芝士都适合搭配红酒 (bìngfēi suǒyǒu de zhīshì dōu shìhé dāpèi hóngjiǔ). There are many types of cheese, and specific pairings work best with different wines. This statement is a generalization that is not true.

true false B2

芝士的种类繁多，口味和质地各异。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: درست

种类繁多 (zhǒnglèi fánduō) means a wide variety, and 口味和质地各异 (kǒuwèi hé zhìdì gèyì) means different tastes and textures. This statement accurately describes the diversity of cheese.

listening C2

Focus on the overall meaning of the sentence. What kind of food is being described?

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 那家餐厅的芝士蛋糕味道真是绝了，每次去都必点。
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C2

Listen for where the 'cheese' is being added and why.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 很多人喜欢在披萨上加双倍芝士，以获得更浓郁的口感。
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
listening C2

Pay attention to the variety and characteristics of cheese mentioned.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 欧洲的芝士种类繁多，每一种都有其独特的风味和制作工艺。
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

你喜欢吃哪种芝士？

تمرکز: 芝士 (zhī shì)

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

这种芝士口感醇厚，带着淡淡的坚果香。

تمرکز: 醇厚 (chún hòu)

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
speaking C2

این را بلند بخوانید:

请问，你们这里有不含乳糖的芝士吗？

تمرکز: 乳糖 (rǔ táng)

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 我打算做一些芝士蛋糕给你吃

This sentence structure is common for expressing an intention to make something for someone. Subject (我) + plan (打算) + verb phrase (做一些芝士蛋糕) + prepositional phrase (给你吃).

sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 请把这块芝士放在冰箱里

The '把' (bǎ) structure is used to indicate what is done with the object of a verb. The object (这块芝士) is placed before the verb (放) and followed by the location (在冰箱里).

sentence order C2

کلمات زیر رو بزن تا جمله رو بسازی
درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: 这个芝士火锅的味道非常浓郁

This sentence describes the taste of the cheese hotpot. '这个芝士火锅' (this cheese hotpot) is the subject, '的味道' (de wèidào) indicates its taste, and '非常浓郁' (fēicháng nóngyù) describes that taste.

/ 30 درست

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