开支 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Noun meaning 'expenses' or 'expenditure'.
- Used for personal, corporate, or government spending.
- Often paired with verbs like 减少 (reduce) or 增加 (increase).
- Contrasts with 收入 (income).
The Chinese word 开支 (kāizhī) is a fundamental noun used to describe expenditures, expenses, or the act of spending money. It is a crucial term in both personal finance and corporate accounting, representing the outflow of funds to cover various needs, services, or goods. Understanding 开支 requires looking at its components: '开' (kāi) generally means to open, start, or initiate, while '支' (zhī) relates to paying, supporting, or drawing money. Together, they form a concept that goes beyond mere purchasing; it implies a structured or necessary disbursement of funds over a period or for a specific project. When you hear native speakers discuss their daily lives, business operations, or government budgets, 开支 is the go-to word for 'expenses'.
- Morphological Breakdown
- 开 (kāi): To open, to start. 支 (zhī): To pay, to disburse. Together: The opening of funds for disbursement.
- Semantic Scope
- Covers everything from buying groceries (日常开支) to funding national infrastructure (政府开支).
- Pragmatic Usage
- Often used in contexts requiring budgeting, financial planning, or economic analysis.
这个月的家庭开支超出了我们的预算。
In modern Chinese society, managing one's 开支 is a common topic of conversation, especially with the rising cost of living in tier-1 cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Young professionals often track their '日常开支' (daily expenses) using mobile apps. The word carries a neutral tone but can take on a negative connotation if paired with adjectives like '庞大' (huge) or '额外' (extra), indicating a financial burden.
为了节省开支，他决定每天自己做饭。
Furthermore, 开支 is not limited to personal use. In corporate environments, '削减开支' (cutting expenses) is a standard phrase during economic downturns. Companies meticulously categorize their 开支 into operational, administrative, and capital expenditures. This versatility makes it an essential vocabulary word for anyone aiming for B1 proficiency and above.
公司正在寻找减少不必要开支的方法。
教育开支占据了他们收入的很大一部分。
To fully master this word, learners should practice pairing it with appropriate verbs such as 增加 (increase), 减少 (decrease), 控制 (control), and 节省 (save). It is also frequently modified by nouns to specify the type of expense, such as 医疗开支 (medical expenses), 军费开支 (military spending), and 旅游开支 (travel expenses). By understanding these collocations, you can significantly enhance your fluency and accuracy in both spoken and written Chinese.
政府宣布将增加公共卫生领域的开支。
Using 开支 correctly involves understanding its syntactic role primarily as a noun, though historically it could function as a verb. In contemporary Mandarin, it is almost exclusively used as a noun representing 'expenditure'. To use it naturally, you must familiarize yourself with its common verb-object pairings, adjectival modifiers, and its placement within complex sentence structures. Let's break down the mechanics of using 开支 in everyday and professional contexts.
- With Verbs of Reduction
- 减少开支 (reduce expenses), 削减开支 (cut expenses), 节省开支 (save on expenses), 控制开支 (control expenses).
- With Verbs of Expansion
- 增加开支 (increase expenses), 扩大开支 (expand spending).
- With Adjectives
- 庞大的开支 (huge expenses), 额外的开支 (extra expenses), 日常开支 (daily expenses), 实际开支 (actual expenses).
我们需要严格控制各项开支，以应对经济危机。
When constructing sentences, 开支 often serves as the subject or the object. As a subject, it is usually followed by verbs describing its state or movement, such as '很大' (is very large), '超标' (exceeds the standard), or '下降' (decreases). For example, '这个月的开支很大' (This month's expenses are very large). As an object, it receives the action of financial management verbs, as seen in '我们要压缩开支' (We must compress/reduce expenses).
由于通货膨胀，家庭的日常开支显著增加。
In formal writing, such as business reports or news articles, 开支 is frequently used in passive constructions or formal declarative sentences. You might encounter phrases like '开支被削减了' (Expenses were cut) or '各项开支均已列入预算' (All expenses have been included in the budget). Understanding these formal structures is crucial for learners aiming to pass the HSK 5 or 6 exams, where business and economic texts are common.
董事会决定削减下一季度的营销开支。
买车是一笔不小的开支。
Another important aspect of using 开支 is distinguishing it in spoken versus written Chinese. In casual conversation, people might simply say '花销' (huāxiāo) or '花钱' (huā qián), but 开支 remains perfectly acceptable and slightly more refined. If you are discussing a household budget with your spouse, saying '我们得算算这个月的开支' (We need to calculate this month's expenses) sounds responsible and clear. In contrast, in a corporate meeting, using 开支 is absolutely mandatory, as colloquial terms would sound unprofessional.
这笔额外的开支是谁批准的？
The word 开支 is ubiquitous in Chinese-speaking environments, appearing across a wide spectrum of contexts from intimate family discussions to high-level government broadcasts. Because money and budgeting are universal concerns, you will encounter this word frequently in daily life, media, and professional settings. Recognizing the contexts in which 开支 is used will help you anticipate its appearance and understand the surrounding conversation more effectively.
- Personal Finance & Household
- Discussions about monthly budgets, rent, utilities, groceries, and saving money.
- Corporate & Business
- Financial reports, budget meetings, cost-cutting initiatives, and profit/loss statements.
- News & Government
- Reports on national budgets, military spending, public welfare, and economic policies.
新闻报道称，政府将大幅削减行政开支。
In the realm of personal finance, 开支 is a staple word. If you watch Chinese family dramas or reality shows, you will often see couples sitting down with a calculator, discussing their '家庭开支' (family expenses). They might argue over '不必要的开支' (unnecessary expenses) or plan for '未来开支' (future expenses) like a child's education or buying a house. Mobile banking apps and accounting software in China prominently feature the word 开支 or its close synonym '支出' on their dashboards.
他在记账本上详细记录了每一笔开支。
In the corporate world, 开支 is heard in almost every meeting involving money. Managers discuss '运营开支' (operating expenses) and '研发开支' (R&D expenses). During tough economic times, the phrase '控制开支' (control expenses) becomes a corporate mantra. If you work in a Chinese company or do business with Chinese partners, mastering the professional usage of 开支 is non-negotiable. It demonstrates your financial literacy and professional competence.
由于销售额下降，公司不得不压缩各项开支。
这份报告详细列出了项目的所有预期开支。
Finally, in macroeconomic discussions and political news, 开支 is used to describe large-scale spending. You will hear terms like '国防开支' (national defense spending) or '公共开支' (public spending). These terms are frequently used by news anchors, economists, and politicians when discussing the allocation of national resources. Understanding these terms is crucial for anyone interested in Chinese politics, economics, or reading advanced-level news articles.
增加基础设施开支有助于刺激经济增长。
While 开支 is a relatively straightforward noun, learners often make mistakes by confusing it with similar words or using it in incorrect grammatical structures. The most common errors stem from a misunderstanding of its specific financial connotation compared to more general words for spending or consuming. Let's explore these common pitfalls and how to avoid them to ensure your Chinese sounds natural and accurate.
- Mistake 1: Confusing 开支 with 消费 (xiāofèi)
- 消费 means 'consumption' and focuses on the act of buying goods/services for personal use or enjoyment. 开支 is purely the accounting of money spent. You wouldn't say '我喜欢开支' (I like spending); you would say '我喜欢消费'.
- Mistake 2: Using 开支 as a verb
- Although historically it could be a verb, in modern standard Mandarin, it is almost always a noun. Saying '我开支了100块' is incorrect. You should say '我花了100块' or '这笔开支是100块'.
- Mistake 3: Incorrect measure words
- Using '个' (gè) with 开支 is unnatural. The correct measure word for a specific expense is '笔' (bǐ).
❌ 错误: 他每天开支很多钱。
✅ 正确: 他每天的开支很大。 (His daily expenses are very large.)
Another frequent mistake is confusing 开支 with '花费' (huāfèi). While both can be translated as 'expenses' or 'spending', '花费' can function as both a noun and a verb, and it often implies the expenditure of time or energy as well as money. 开支, on the other hand, is strictly related to financial outflow. For example, you can say '这项工作花费了我很多时间' (This work cost me a lot of time), but you cannot use 开支 in this context.
❌ 错误: 旅游是一个很大的开支。
✅ 正确: 旅游是一笔很大的开支。 (Travel is a large expense.)
Learners also sometimes struggle with the nuance between 开支 and '支出' (zhīchū). While they are highly synonymous and often interchangeable, '支出' is slightly more formal and is the direct antonym of '收入' (shōurù - income) in strict accounting terminology. You will see '收入与支出' (Income and Expenditure) on a balance sheet. 开支 is slightly more common in everyday spoken language regarding budgets, though '支出' is also widely used. Using 开支 as the direct opposite of 收入 in a formal accounting document isn't wrong, but 支出 is preferred.
❌ 错误: 我的收入比我的开支少。
✅ 正确: 我的收入低于我的开支。 (My income is lower than my expenses. - Better phrasing)
❌ 错误: 我们的开支习惯很不好。
✅ 正确: 我们的消费习惯很不好。 (Our consumption habits are very bad.)
By paying attention to these distinctions, you can elevate your Chinese from intermediate to advanced. Remember that 开支 is a noun of accounting and budgeting, measured by '笔', and strictly related to money, not time or energy.
为了买房，他们削减了一切不必要的开支。
The Chinese language is rich in vocabulary related to money, spending, and finance. 开支 belongs to a family of words that describe financial outflow. Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms is key to achieving native-like fluency and precision in your communication. Let's examine the most common similar words: 支出, 花销, 费用, 消费, and 开销, and see how they compare to 开支.
- 支出 (zhīchū) - Expenditure / Outgoings
- This is the closest synonym to 开支. It is highly formal and is the standard accounting term for 'expenditure', acting as the direct antonym to 收入 (income). While 开支 can be used in daily life, 支出 is strictly financial.
- 开销 (kāixiāo) - Expenses / Spending
- This is the colloquial equivalent of 开支. It is frequently used in spoken Chinese, especially in northern dialects, to refer to daily living expenses. It feels more casual and intimate than 开支.
- 费用 (fèiyòng) - Cost / Fee / Charge
- While 开支 refers to the general outflow of money, 费用 usually refers to a specific fee or cost associated with a particular service or item, such as 学费 (tuition fee) or 运输费用 (shipping cost).
比较: 家庭开支 (Family expenses - general) vs. 维修费用 (Maintenance fee - specific).
Another important word to distinguish is '消费' (xiāofèi). As mentioned in the Common Mistakes section, 消费 means 'consumption'. It emphasizes the economic act of purchasing goods and services to satisfy human needs or wants. It is often used in macroeconomic contexts (e.g., 刺激消费 - stimulate consumption) or lifestyle contexts (e.g., 消费水平 - consumption level). 开支 is simply the money that leaves your wallet, regardless of whether it was for a fun vacation (消费) or paying a parking ticket (开支).
这个月家里的开销太大了，我们需要控制一下开支。
Then there is '花费' (huāfèi), which can be a noun or a verb. As a noun, it means 'expenses' or 'cost', but it carries a stronger sense of 'the amount of money/time/effort that has been spent'. For example, '巨大的花费' (a huge cost). It is broader than 开支 because it isn't restricted to just money. You can say '花费了大量心血' (spent a lot of effort), which is impossible with 开支.
为了治病，他花光了所有的积蓄，这是一笔巨大的花费（或开支）。
公司的总支出必须小于总收入才能盈利。
By mastering this cluster of vocabulary, you will be able to articulate financial concepts with precision, whether you are chatting with a friend about the high cost of living, negotiating a contract, or analyzing a corporate balance sheet. 开支 sits comfortably in the middle of this spectrum—versatile, clear, and indispensable.
合理规划开支是理财的第一步。
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Using measure words for abstract nouns (一笔开支).
Expressing cause and effect (因为...所以...) when discussing reasons for high expenses.
Using formal verbs of reduction and expansion (削减, 扩大).
The '把' structure for categorizing (把开支分为...).
Comparisons using '比' (今年的开支比去年多).
مثالها بر اساس سطح
这是我的开支。
This is my expense.
Basic Subject + 是 + Noun structure.
开支很大。
The expense is very big.
Noun + 很 + Adjective.
我没有开支。
I have no expenses.
Negative structure with 没有.
你的开支是多少？
How much are your expenses?
Question word 多少.
买书是开支。
Buying books is an expense.
Verb phrase as subject.
我不喜欢大开支。
I don't like big expenses.
Adjective modifying noun.
这是今天的开支。
This is today's expense.
Time word modifying noun with 的.
开支小很好。
Small expenses are very good.
Subject-predicate phrase as subject.
我每个月的开支是两千元。
My monthly expense is 2000 yuan.
Time phrase + 的 + Noun.
吃饭是我们最大的开支。
Eating is our biggest expense.
Superlative 最大 modifying noun.
我们需要减少开支。
We need to reduce expenses.
Verb 减少 + Object 开支.
这个月的开支比上个月多。
This month's expenses are more than last month's.
Comparative sentence with 比.
旅游是一笔很大的开支。
Traveling is a very big expense.
Measure word 笔 used for expenses.
他每天记录自己的开支。
He records his expenses every day.
Verb 记录 + Object.
你的日常开支包括什么？
What do your daily expenses include?
Compound noun 日常开支.
为了省钱，她控制了开支。
To save money, she controlled her expenses.
Purpose clause with 为了.
由于物价上涨，我们的生活开支增加了不少。
Due to rising prices, our living expenses have increased quite a bit.
Cause and effect with 由于.
公司决定削减下半年的办公开支。
The company decided to cut office expenses for the second half of the year.
Formal verb 削减.
合理规划家庭开支是非常重要的。
Rationally planning family expenses is very important.
Adverbial modifier 合理.
这笔额外的开支打破了我的预算。
This extra expense broke my budget.
Adjective 额外 modifying noun.
政府增加了在教育和医疗方面的开支。
The government increased spending in education and healthcare.
Prepositional phrase 在...方面.
如果不控制开支，我们很快就会没钱了。
If we don't control expenses, we will soon run out of money.
Conditional sentence with 如果...就...
他把每个月的开支分为固定开支和变动开支。
He divides his monthly expenses into fixed expenses and variable expenses.
把 structure with 分为.
节省开支并不意味着降低生活质量。
Saving on expenses does not mean lowering the quality of life.
Subject clause + 并不意味着.
为了应对经济衰退，企业不得不大幅度压缩各项开支。
To cope with the economic recession, enterprises had to drastically compress all expenses.
Complex purpose clause and formal verb 压缩.
这份财务报告详细列明了上一季度的所有实际开支。
This financial report details all actual expenses from the previous quarter.
Formal business vocabulary 详细列明, 实际开支.
军费开支的增加引起了国际社会的广泛关注。
The increase in military spending has aroused widespread concern in the international community.
Noun phrase as subject + 引起...关注.
在制定年度预算时，必须充分考虑不可预见的开支。
When making the annual budget, unforeseen expenses must be fully considered.
Time clause 在...时 + formal modifier 不可预见.
尽管收入增加了，但由于通货膨胀，实际购买力并没有提升，因为开支也随之水涨船高。
Although income increased, due to inflation, actual purchasing power did not improve, because expenses also rose accordingly.
Complex concessive and causal relationships; idiom 水涨船高.
他主张通过技术创新来降低生产开支，从而提高市场竞争力。
He advocates reducing production expenses through technological innovation, thereby improving market competitiveness.
通过...来...从而... structure.
这笔开支是否合理，还需要经过审计部门的严格审查。
Whether this expense is reasonable still needs to undergo strict review by the auditing department.
是否 clause as subject + 经过...审查.
盲目扩大开支只会导致债务危机，企业必须量入为出。
Blindly expanding expenses will only lead to a debt crisis; enterprises must live within their means.
Adverb 盲目 + Idiom 量入为出.
财政赤字的加剧迫使政府重新审视其庞大的公共福利开支。
The exacerbation of the fiscal deficit forced the government to re-examine its massive public welfare spending.
Advanced vocabulary 财政赤字, 迫使, 审视.
在经济下行周期，企业往往采取紧缩银根的策略，严格把控资本性开支。
During an economic downturn cycle, companies often adopt a tight monetary policy, strictly controlling capital expenditures.
Economic terminology 经济下行周期, 紧缩银根, 资本性开支.
该项目的研发开支远超预期，导致公司现金流面临严峻考验。
The R&D expenses for this project far exceeded expectations, causing the company's cash flow to face a severe test.
Advanced phrasing 远超预期, 严峻考验.
与其在营销上挥霍无度，不如将这笔开支用于提升产品核心竞争力。
Rather than spending recklessly on marketing, it is better to use this expense to enhance the core competitiveness of the product.
与其...不如... structure; idiom 挥霍无度.
隐性开支往往是导致项目超支的罪魁祸首，必须在初期规划中予以充分剥离和评估。
Hidden expenses are often the main culprit leading to project cost overruns and must be fully isolated and evaluated in the initial planning.
Advanced vocabulary 隐性开支, 罪魁祸首, 予以.
面对日益高涨的运营开支，管理层决定实施全面预算管理以实现降本增效。
Facing increasingly high operating expenses, management decided to implement comprehensive budget management to achieve cost reduction and efficiency enhancement.
Corporate jargon 降本增效, 全面预算管理.
这笔开支的列支渠道不符合现行财务制度，存在违规操作的嫌疑。
The accounting channel for this expense does not comply with the current financial system, and there is a suspicion of irregular operations.
Accounting terminology 列支渠道, 违规操作.
优化开支结构，确保资金流向最具战略价值的业务板块，是当前转型的重中之重。
Optimizing the expense structure and ensuring funds flow to the most strategically valuable business segments is the top priority of the current transformation.
Advanced phrasing 优化结构, 重中之重.
纵观历代王朝的兴衰，无节制的皇室开支往往是引发财政崩溃乃至政权覆灭的导火索。
Looking throughout the rise and fall of past dynasties, unrestrained royal spending was often the fuse that triggered financial collapse and even the overthrow of the regime.
Historical/literary register 纵观, 兴衰, 导火索.
在宏观调控的语境下，政府的转移性开支不仅是财富再分配的工具，更是平抑经济周期的自动稳定器。
In the context of macroeconomic regulation, the government's transfer spending is not only a tool for wealth redistribution but also an automatic stabilizer for smoothing economic cycles.
Macroeconomic theory 转移性开支, 平抑, 自动稳定器.
企业在进行跨国并购时，必须对潜在的整合开支及隐性负债进行尽职调查，以防陷入财务泥潭。
When conducting cross-border M&A, enterprises must conduct due diligence on potential integration expenses and hidden liabilities to avoid falling into a financial quagmire.
Advanced business/legal terms 跨国并购, 尽职调查, 财务泥潭.
这种寅吃卯粮的开支模式，透支的不仅是未来的财富，更是整个社会的信用基石。
This spending pattern of eating next year's food this year overdraws not only future wealth but also the cornerstone of credit for the entire society.
Idiom 寅吃卯粮; metaphorical use of 透支.
该法案旨在通过立法手段，为无序扩张的行政开支套上制度的‘紧箍咒’。
The bill aims to use legislative means to put an institutional 'tightening spell' on the disorderly expansion of administrative expenses.
Metaphor 紧箍咒 (from Journey to the West).
面对错综复杂的国际局势，国防开支的适度增长是维护国家核心利益的必然要求，不容置喙。
Facing a complex and intricate international situation, a moderate increase in defense spending is an inevitable requirement for safeguarding core national interests and brooks no interference.
Formal political rhetoric 错综复杂, 不容置喙.
剥离掉那些粉饰太平的账面文章，其实际的资本性开支早已捉襟见肘，难以为继。
Stripping away the superficial window dressing on the books, its actual capital expenditure has long been stretched to the limit and is unsustainable.
Idioms 粉饰太平, 捉襟见肘, 难以为继.
在探讨福利国家的存续危机时，刚性开支的不可逆性成为了学者们争论的焦点。
When discussing the existential crisis of the welfare state, the irreversibility of rigid expenses has become the focus of scholars' debates.
Academic terminology 刚性开支, 不可逆性, 存续危机.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
开支 is versatile. It is formal enough for business reports but common enough for family discussions.
In older texts, you might see 开支 used as a verb ('to pay out'), but this is rare in modern standard Mandarin.
In Northern China, 开销 (kāixiāo) is often preferred in spoken language for personal expenses, while 开支 is used more in written or formal contexts. In Taiwan, 支出 (zhīchū) is very frequently used in both spoken and written contexts.
- Using 开支 as a verb (e.g., 我开支了100块). Correction: 我花了100块.
- Using the measure word 个 (e.g., 一个开支). Correction: 一笔开支.
- Confusing 开支 with 消费. 消费 is the act of consuming; 开支 is the accounting of the money spent.
- Using 开支 for time or effort (e.g., 这项工作开支了我很多时间). Correction: 这项工作花费了我很多时间.
- Saying '开支钱' (expense money). 开支 already implies money, so adding 钱 is redundant and incorrect.
نکات
Use '笔' for specific amounts
Always remember that abstract amounts of money take the measure word 笔. '买车是一笔开支' (Buying a car is an expense).
Compound Nouns
You can easily create specific expense categories by putting a noun before 开支. For example: 医疗 (medical) + 开支 = 医疗开支.
Sounding Native
When complaining about high costs with friends, try using '开销' (kāixiāo) instead of 开支. It sounds much more casual and native.
Formal Reports
In business writing, use 削减 (xuējiǎn) instead of 减少 (jiǎnshǎo) when talking about cutting expenses. '削减开支' sounds highly professional.
News Broadcasts
When listening to the news, if you hear '政府' (government) followed by '开支', they are likely discussing the national budget or public spending.
Controlling Expenses
The phrase '控制开支' (control expenses) is a set phrase you should memorize as a single chunk. It is used constantly in daily life.
Money vs. Time
Never use 开支 for time. If you want to say 'it cost me a lot of time', use 花费 (huāfèi), not 开支.
开源节流
Learn the idiom '开源节流' (kāiyuán jiéliú). It means 'open source, reduce flow'—increase income and decrease expenses. It's the golden rule of Chinese finance.
Financial Statements
If you are reading a Chinese balance sheet, look for '支出' or '开支' on the negative/outflow side, and '收入' on the positive/inflow side.
Thriftiness
Praising someone for being able to '节省开支' (save on expenses) is a compliment in Chinese culture, showing they are responsible and mature.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine OPENING (开) your wallet to PAY (支) for your EXPENSES.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a treasure chest OPENING (开) and gold coins flowing out to SUPPORT (支) various needs.
ریشه کلمه
开 (kāi) originally meant to open a door, evolving to mean 'to start' or 'to initiate'. 支 (zhī) originally depicted a hand holding a branch, evolving to mean 'to support' or 'to disburse'. Together, they historically referred to the opening of a treasury or account to disburse funds.
بافت فرهنگی
In business, demonstrating tight control over 开支 is a sign of competent management and is highly respected by investors.
Discussing specific personal 开支 (like how much you pay for rent) can be a normal topic among close friends in China, whereas it might be considered taboo in some Western cultures.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你平时会记录自己的日常开支吗？ (Do you usually record your daily expenses?)"
"你觉得生活中哪一项开支最大？ (Which expense do you think is the biggest in life?)"
"为了存钱，你会减少哪些不必要的开支？ (To save money, what unnecessary expenses would you reduce?)"
"你认为政府应该增加哪方面的开支？ (In what areas do you think the government should increase spending?)"
"现在的年轻人的开支习惯和父母一代有什么不同？ (How do the spending habits of young people today differ from their parents' generation?)"
موضوعات نگارش
Write about your biggest expense this month and whether it was worth it.
Describe a time when you had to drastically cut your expenses.
Discuss the difference between 'necessary expenses' and 'luxury expenses' in your life.
Analyze how inflation has affected your daily living expenses.
Draft a mock budget for a small business, detailing the expected expenses.
سوالات متداول
10 سوالIn modern Mandarin, it is almost exclusively used as a noun. While historically it could be a verb, today you should use verbs like 花 (spend) or 支付 (pay) instead. For example, say '我花了钱' not '我开支了钱'.
They are very similar and often interchangeable. However, 支出 is strictly an accounting term and the direct opposite of 收入 (income). 开支 is slightly more common in everyday discussions about budgeting.
Use '笔' (bǐ) for a specific expense, e.g., 一笔开支 (an expense). You can also use '项' (xiàng) when referring to an item or category of expense.
Yes, 开支 strictly refers to financial expenditures. You cannot use it to talk about spending time or energy. For time or energy, use 花费 (huāfèi) or 耗费 (hàofèi).
You can say 生活开支 (shēnghuó kāizhī) or 日常开支 (rìcháng kāizhī - daily expenses). Another common term is 生活费 (shēnghuófèi).
It is a neutral word that fits both formal and informal contexts. It is perfectly natural in a corporate board meeting and in a conversation with your spouse about the household budget.
Common verbs include 减少 (reduce), 增加 (increase), 控制 (control), 削减 (cut), and 节省 (save). These are essential for discussing financial management.
Yes, '大开支' (big expense) is understood, but it is more natural to say '一笔很大的开支' (a very big expense) or '开支很大' (expenses are very big).
The most direct antonym in a financial sense is 收入 (shōurù), which means income or revenue.
You can say 不必要的开支 (bù bìyào de kāizhī). Cutting these is a common topic in personal finance!
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Use 开支 (kāizhī) as a noun to talk about the money you or an organization spends. It is essential for discussing budgets, financial plans, and the cost of living.
- Noun meaning 'expenses' or 'expenditure'.
- Used for personal, corporate, or government spending.
- Often paired with verbs like 减少 (reduce) or 增加 (increase).
- Contrasts with 收入 (income).
Use '笔' for specific amounts
Always remember that abstract amounts of money take the measure word 笔. '买车是一笔开支' (Buying a car is an expense).
Compound Nouns
You can easily create specific expense categories by putting a noun before 开支. For example: 医疗 (medical) + 开支 = 医疗开支.
Sounding Native
When complaining about high costs with friends, try using '开销' (kāixiāo) instead of 开支. It sounds much more casual and native.
Formal Reports
In business writing, use 削减 (xuējiǎn) instead of 减少 (jiǎnshǎo) when talking about cutting expenses. '削减开支' sounds highly professional.
مثال
我们必须削减不必要的日常开支。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر economics
农业
B1کشاورزی عملیات مزرعهداری است که شامل کشت خاک برای تولید محصولات و پرورش حیوانات برای غذا و سایر محصولات میشود.
津贴
B1مبلغی پول که به عنوان کمکهزینه برای هدفی خاص پرداخت میشود.
变动
B1تغییری (变动) در برنامه سفر ایجاد شده است.
攀升
B1به طور مداوم یا سریع بالا رفتن. اغلب برای قیمتها یا دما استفاده میشود.
崩溃
B1فرو ریختن یا تسلیم شدن ناگهانی؛ شکست کامل و ناگهانی یک نهاد، سیستم یا وضعیت روانی یک فرد.
消费
B1مصرف کردن، مصرف. 'سطح مصرف در شهر بالاست.' (سطح مصرف در شهر بالاست.) 'ما باید مصرف را کاهش دهیم.' (ما باید مصرف را کاهش دهیم.)
危机
B1بحران زمانی از دشواری شدید یا خطر است. به عنوان مثال: «بحران اقتصادی باعث بیکاری شد.»
下跌
B1کاهش یا افت قیمت، ارزش یا تعداد. این کلمه متضاد '增长' در زمینههای مالی و آماری است.
萧条
B1وضعیتی را توصیف میکند که خالی، آرام و فاقد فعالیت یا پول است، به خصوص در زمینه کسب و کار.
支配
B1کنترل کردن، تسلط داشتن یا تخصیص منابع. میتواند به کنترل اعمال کسی یا مدیریت زمان و پول اشاره داشته باشد.
