تسلط بر جملات سببی: انجام دادن کارها (have/get something done)
have/get something done.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'have/get + object + past participle' when someone else performs a service for you or you experience an event.
- Structure: Subject + Have/Get + Object + V3 (e.g., 'I had my car washed').
- Use 'Have' for professional services and 'Get' for informal or difficult tasks.
- The focus is on the result, not the person doing the work.
مرور کلی
have something done و get something done، یکی از بهترین نمونهها برای نشان دادن این سطح از تسلط است. این ساختار صرفاً جایگزینی برای حالت مجهول (Passive Voice) نیست؛ بلکه مکانیزمی بسیار پیشرفته برای نشان دادن «عاملیت» (Agency) و «مسئولیت» است.I cut my hair yesterday، یک انگلیسیزبان در ذهنش شما را تصور میکند که قیچی به دست گرفتهاید و جلوی آینه در حال کوتاه کردن موهای خود هستید!have/get something done بر پایه مفهوم «عاملیت واگذارشده» (Delegated Agency) بنا شده است. بیایید این مفهوم را با ساختارهای دیگر مقایسه کنیم:I repaired my car (من خودم با دستهای خودم ماشینم را تعمیر کردم).My car was repaired (ماشین من تعمیر شد - مهم نیست چه کسی این کار را کرد و من هم نقشی در هماهنگیاش نداشتم).I had my car repaired دقت کنید. در اینجا I فاعل است، اما من به صورت فیزیکی ماشین را تعمیر نکردهام. در عوض، من ترتیبی دادهام که شخص دیگری (یک متخصص) این کار را انجام دهد. تمرکز روی «نتیجه» (ماشین تعمیر شده) و نقش من به عنوان «هماهنگکننده» یا «مشتری» است.She got her wallet stolen.She) قطعاً هماهنگ نکرده است که کسی کیفش را بدزدد! بلکه او «دریافتکننده ناخواسته» (Unwilling Recipient) یک عمل بوده است. این کاربرد نشان میدهد که اتفاقی برای شخص یا اموال او افتاده است که او در آن نقش منفعل و آسیبپذیر داشته است.have something done و get something done از یک الگوی ثابت پیروی میکند. با این حال، انتخاب بین have و get به ظرافتهای معنایی بستگی دارد که در بخشهای بعدی بررسی خواهیم کرد. هر دو ساختار از «اسم مفعول» (Past Participle یا همان V3) فعل اصلی استفاده میکنند که نشاندهنده کامل شدن کار روی مفعول است.have یا get) باید بر اساس زمان (Tense)، وجه (Mood) یا نمود (Aspect) جمله صرف شود. مفعول (Object) چیزی است که کار روی آن انجام میشود، و فعل اصلی همیشه و همیشه باید به صورت Past Participle (قسمت سوم فعل) بیاید؛ نه شکل ساده فعل و نه فرم ing-دار.get something done | مثال با have something done | زمان / ساختار (Tense/Aspect) |He gets his dry cleaning picked up. | I have my groceries delivered every week. | Present Simple (حال ساده) |We're getting our photos developed. | She's having her house redecorated. | Present Continuous (حال استمراری) |You've gotten your computer fixed, right? | They've had their roof repaired. | Present Perfect (حال کامل) |I got my teeth cleaned yesterday. | We had our wedding invitations designed. | Past Simple (گذشته ساده) |She was getting her thesis proofread. | He was having his portrait painted. | Past Continuous (گذشته استمراری) |They had gotten the paperwork signed. | I had already had my car serviced. | Past Perfect (گذشته کامل) |We'll get the slides finalized soon. | You'll have your taxes done by an accountant.| Future Simple (آینده ساده) |She'll have gotten the report printed. | By next month, I'll have had my essay edited.| Future Perfect (آینده کامل) |It's important to get your facts straight. | I need to have my passport renewed. | Infinitive (مصدر با to) |Getting the repairs finished was hard. | Having your research peer-reviewed is key. | Gerund (اسم مصدر) |have something done و get something done در چندین موقعیت ارتباطی مختلف گستردگی دارد که هر کدام پیامدهای معنایی خاص خود را دارند. در سطح C2، شما باید بدانید دقیقاً در چه بافتی از کدام یک استفاده کنید.have something done):I'm having my university transcripts translated by an official translator.
We had the catering arranged before the Norouz party.
have یا get):He had his expensive laptop stolen from the café.
She got her Instagram account hacked last night.
I had my leg bandaged at the hospital after the accident.
get something done):get در این ساختار، اغلب نشان میدهد که برای انجام آن کار تلاش زیادی شده است، موانعی بر سر راه بوده یا نیاز به متقاعد کردن کسی داشتهاید. این حالت کمی غیررسمیتر و پویاتر (Dynamic) از have است.We finally got the old printer repaired after three days of trying.
I need to get my visa issued before the semester starts.
get something done):get something done میتواند به عنوان یک جمله امری (Imperative) برای نشان دادن فوریت استفاده شود.Get these files sorted by the end of the day!
I need to get this urgent email sent right now.
- ❌
I had my car repair yesterday.(اشتباه رایج) - ❌
She got her hair cutting at the salon.(اشتباه رایج) - ✅
I had my car repaired yesterday. - ✅
She got her hair cut at the salon.(دقت کنید که قسمت سوم فعل cut همان cut است).
- ❌
I gave my car to repair.(این یعنی شما ماشینتان را به عنوان هدیه به تعمیرگاه بخشیدید!) - ✅
I had my car repaired.
have/get something done (مجهول سببی) با have/get someone do something (معلوم سببی) متفاوت است. اگر میخواهید نام شخصی که کار را انجام داده بیاورید، ساختار تغییر میکند.I had my car repaired.(ساختار مجهول سببی - تمرکز روی ماشین است)I had the mechanic repair my car.(ساختار معلوم سببی - فعل به صورت ساده میآید، نه قسمت سوم!)- ❌
I had the mechanic repaired my car.(این یک اشتباه گرامری مهلک در سطح C2 است).
get در نوشتار آکادمیک:get something done بار معنایی غیررسمیتر و محاورهایتری دارد. استفاده از آن در مقالات ISI، رایتینگ آیلتس (Task 2) یا نامههای رسمی اداری توصیه نمیشود. در این موقعیتها همیشه از have something done استفاده کنید.I had my portrait painted. | شما هماهنگ میکنید خدمتی روی یک شیء انجام شود. (انجامدهنده پنهان است - مجهول سببی) | have something done |I got my luggage checked in. | شما با کمی تلاش یا هماهنگی خدمتی دریافت میکنید. (کمی غیررسمیتر) | get something done |I had the artist paint my portrait. | شما به شخص خاصی دستور میدهید یا او را موظف میکنید کاری کند. (فعل اصلی ساده است - معلوم سببی) | have someone do something |I got the porter to check in my luggage.| شما شخصی را متقاعد میکنید یا راضی میکنید کاری برایتان بکند. (فعل اصلی با to میآید) | get someone to do something |have someone do و get someone to do دقت کنید. وقتی از have اکتیو استفاده میکنید، نیازی به to نیست (have him fix it). اما وقتی از get اکتیو استفاده میکنید، حتماً باید از to استفاده کنید (get him to fix it). این یکی از پرتکرارترین سوالات در آزمونهای گرامر سطح پیشرفته است.have something done از get something done استفاده کنم؟have خنثیتر و رسمیتر است. get بیشتر در مکالمات روزمره (Spoken English) استفاده میشود و اغلب دلالت بر این دارد که شما برای انجام آن کار تلاش کردهاید یا بر مشکلی غلبه کردهاید.have something done چگونه باید عمل کنم؟by + agent در انتهای جمله استفاده کنید. مثلاً: I had my dress designed by a famous designer. اما به یاد داشته باشید که فلسفه اصلی این گرامر، پنهان کردن یا بیاهمیت جلوه دادن انجامدهنده است.I had a famous designer design my dress) استفاده کنید.My house was painted (خانهام رنگ شد)، مشخص نیست که آیا شما نقاش استخدام کردهاید، یا صاحبخانه این کار را کرده، یا شهرداری! اما وقتی میگویید I had my house painted، دقیقاً مشخص میکنید که شما به عنوان صاحبکار یا مشتری، ترتیبی دادهاید که این کار با هزینه یا هماهنگی شما انجام شود.Conjugating 'Have something done'
| Tense | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
have + obj + V3
|
I have my car serviced every year.
|
|
Present Continuous
|
am/is/are having + obj + V3
|
I am having my hair cut right now.
|
|
Past Simple
|
had + obj + V3
|
I had my phone repaired yesterday.
|
|
Past Continuous
|
was/were having + obj + V3
|
I was having my house painted when it rained.
|
|
Present Perfect
|
have/has had + obj + V3
|
I have just had my eyes tested.
|
|
Future (Will)
|
will have + obj + V3
|
I will have the package delivered tomorrow.
|
|
Modals
|
should/must have + obj + V3
|
You should have your teeth checked.
|
Contractions with 'Have'
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
I have had
|
I've had
|
I've had my hair cut.
|
|
She has had
|
She's had
|
She's had her car fixed.
|
|
I am having
|
I'm having
|
I'm having a suit made.
|
Meanings
A structure used to describe a situation where we arrange for someone else to do something for us, or when something (usually negative) happens to us.
Professional Services
Arranging for a professional or third party to perform a task.
“She had her taxes done by an accountant.”
“We are getting the house painted next week.”
Experiences (Often Negative)
Describing something that happens to someone, often an accident or misfortune.
“He had his phone stolen on the subway.”
“They had their flight cancelled at the last minute.”
Management/Instruction
Giving orders or ensuring a task is completed in a professional environment.
“The CEO had the report revised three times.”
“I'll get that fixed for you immediately.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + have + object + V3
|
I had my watch mended.
|
|
Negative
|
Subject + auxiliary + not + have + object + V3
|
I didn't have my watch mended.
|
|
Question
|
Auxiliary + subject + have + object + V3?
|
Did you have your watch mended?
|
|
Get (Informal)
|
Subject + get + object + V3
|
I got my watch mended.
|
|
Experience
|
Subject + have + object + V3 (unplanned)
|
He had his car stolen.
|
|
Continuous
|
Subject + be + having + object + V3
|
They are having the roof fixed.
|
طیف رسمیت
I intend to have the vehicle's engine serviced. (Automotive maintenance)
I'm having my car serviced tomorrow. (Automotive maintenance)
I'm getting my car fixed. (Automotive maintenance)
Gotta get the whip sorted. (Automotive maintenance)
The Causative Ecosystem
Services
- Haircut Have hair cut
- Car Repair Get car fixed
Misfortunes
- Theft Have wallet stolen
- Damage Have window broken
Active vs. Causative Passive
Should I use 'Have something done'?
Did you do the work yourself?
Did you arrange for it to be done?
مثالها بر اساس سطح
I have my hair cut every month.
I have my hair cut every month.
She had her car washed.
She had her car washed.
Do you have your pizza delivered?
Do you have your pizza delivered?
I get my nails done on Fridays.
I get my nails done on Fridays.
I need to have my computer repaired.
I need to have my computer repaired.
We are getting our house painted.
We are getting our house painted.
He didn't have his suit cleaned for the wedding.
He didn't have his suit cleaned for the wedding.
Are you going to have your photo taken?
Are you going to have your photo taken?
I've just had my wisdom teeth removed.
I've just had my wisdom teeth removed.
You should have your brakes checked before the long drive.
You should have your brakes checked before the long drive.
She's getting her dress shortened for the party.
She's getting her dress shortened for the party.
We had our luggage searched at the airport.
We had our luggage searched at the airport.
The company is having its headquarters relocated to London.
The company is having its headquarters relocated to London.
I finally got the landlord to have the leak fixed.
I finally got the landlord to have the leak fixed.
He had his license suspended for speeding.
He had his license suspended for speeding.
They had their house broken into while they were away.
They had their house broken into while they were away.
The minister had his speech vetted by the legal team.
The minister had his speech vetted by the legal team.
I won't have my integrity questioned by someone like you.
I won't have my integrity questioned by someone like you.
She had her research published in a prestigious journal.
She had her research published in a prestigious journal.
We had the suspect's movements monitored for three weeks.
We had the suspect's movements monitored for three weeks.
The monarch had the cathedral commissioned to celebrate the victory.
The monarch had the cathedral commissioned to celebrate the victory.
He had his world view fundamentally altered by that experience.
He had his world view fundamentally altered by that experience.
The CEO had the dissenting voices silenced through strategic buyouts.
The CEO had the dissenting voices silenced through strategic buyouts.
She had her legacy tarnished by the scandal that followed.
She had her legacy tarnished by the scandal that followed.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners confuse 'I had fixed the car' (Past Perfect) with 'I had the car fixed' (Causative).
Using 'have someone do' vs 'have something done'.
Thinking 'The car was fixed' is the same as 'I had the car fixed'.
اشتباهات رایج
I cut my hair.
I had my hair cut.
I had wash my car.
I had my car washed.
I had fixed my car.
I had my car fixed.
I am having cut my hair.
I am having my hair cut.
I got my car fix.
I got my car fixed.
Did you had your eyes tested?
Did you have your eyes tested?
I have my house paint.
I am having my house painted.
I had my wallet steal.
I had my wallet stolen.
I'll have done it by someone.
I'll have it done by someone.
I had the mechanic fixed my car.
I had the mechanic fix my car.
He had his license been suspended.
He had his license suspended.
I had my hair cutting.
I had my hair cut.
I got my homework done by my brother.
I had my homework done by my brother.
The king had built the castle.
The king had the castle built.
الگوهای جملهسازی
I need to have my ___ ___.
She is getting her ___ ___ next week.
He had his ___ ___ while he was on vacation.
The government had the ___ ___ to ensure public safety.
Real World Usage
I'm here to have my hair dyed.
I need to have my oil changed and the tires rotated.
In my last role, I had the quarterly reports audited by an external firm.
Just had my teeth whitened! What do you think?
We had our visas checked three times before boarding.
He had his statement recorded by the officer.
The 'Get' Trick
Word Order Alert
Misfortune Usage
Don't be too literal
Smart Tips
Always use 'have something done' unless you actually did the work yourself.
Use 'have' instead of 'get' to maintain a formal tone.
Use 'had my [object] [V3]' to show it was something that happened to you.
Check if the object is in the middle. If it is, it's likely a causative.
تلفظ
Weak form of 'have'
In the causative, 'have' is often unstressed and sounds like /əv/ or /v/.
Stress on the Participle
The primary stress usually falls on the past participle at the end of the phrase.
Rising-Falling
Are you having your house ↗PAINTED? ↘
Standard inquiry about a service.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
H.O.P. into the causative: Have + Object + Past-participle.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine yourself sitting in a cafe chair with a coffee while a team of workers paints your house in the background. You are 'having it done' while you relax.
Rhyme
If you didn't do the chore, have it done and do no more!
Story
John was too busy to fix his life. He had his car repaired, had his grass cut, and had his meals delivered. He didn't lift a finger, but everything got done.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around your room. Identify three things that were done by someone else (e.g., the walls painted, the carpet laid) and say them aloud using 'have something done'.
نکات فرهنگی
British speakers use 'have something done' very frequently for even minor services, reflecting a cultural tendency toward formalizing transactions.
American speakers are more likely to use 'get something done' in casual conversation, emphasizing the action and result.
In corporate settings, 'having something done' is a way to show management without sounding aggressive.
The causative use of 'have' dates back to Middle English, evolving from the sense of 'possessing' a completed state.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
When was the last time you had your hair cut?
Have you ever had your phone stolen?
If you could have your house redesigned by anyone, who would it be?
In your country, how often do people have their cars serviced?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
I need to ___ my watch ___ (repair).
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
She is having painted her house this week.
The mechanic fixed my car.
A: Your car looks great! B: Thanks! I ___ yesterday.
Identify the misfortune.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
tested / had / my / I / eyes / just
Score: /8
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesI need to ___ my watch ___ (repair).
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
She is having painted her house this week.
The mechanic fixed my car.
A: Your car looks great! B: Thanks! I ___ yesterday.
Identify the misfortune.
Dentist / Optician / Tailor
tested / had / my / I / eyes / just
Score: /8
Practice Bank
11 exercisesHe's going to `get his teeth ___` by a specialist.
We had the new software installing yesterday.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella hizo que le arreglaran el tejado después de la tormenta.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the sentence beginnings with the correct endings:
The company decided to `get its new logo ___` by a design agency.
My phone screen was cracked, so I had it fixing.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Logré que me entregaran el paquete a tiempo.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Score: /11
سوالات متداول (8)
Yes, `get` is very common in spoken English. It's slightly more informal and often implies that the task was difficult to arrange.
The first is causative (someone else did it). The second is Past Perfect (you did it yourself before another past event).
Usually, but not always. It can be a misfortune (e.g., `I had my window broken`) or a favor.
Absolutely. `I will have my house painted next year` is perfectly correct.
Because `cut` is an irregular verb. The past participle (V3) of cut is `cut`.
Yes, you can add `by [person]` at the end, e.g., `I had my hair cut by a famous stylist`.
Yes, it is very common in informal English.
No, `make` follows a different pattern: `make someone do something`. It is not used in the passive causative structure.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Mandar a + infinitive / Hacerse
Spanish uses the reflexive or 'mandar', while English uses 'have' + past participle.
Faire + infinitive
English uses the past participle, whereas French uses the infinitive.
Lassen + infinitive
German uses 'lassen' which can also mean 'to let', leading to potential confusion for learners.
Causative-Passive (-sareru)
Japanese is synthetic (verb endings), while English is analytic (word order and auxiliary verbs).
Form II or IV verbs
Arabic uses morphology (changing the word), while English uses a syntax-based structure.
叫 (jiào) / 让 (ràng)
Chinese usually requires the agent (the person doing the work) to be mentioned, unlike the English passive causative.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
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