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A2 noun 2 min de lecture

면허

myeonheo

When you want to drive a car, you need a special paper that says you're allowed to drive. This paper is called a 'license.' In Korean, we use the word 면허 (myeonheo) for this. It's not just for driving, though! If you need official permission to do a certain job or activity, that permission can also be called 면허. Think of it as a formal permit or certification.

When discussing official documents that grant permission, 면허 (myeonheo) is the go-to word in Korean. It's often encountered in contexts like a driver's license (운전면허 - unjeon myeonheo) or a medical license (의사면허 - uisa myeonheo). Unlike a simple 'permit' (허가 - heoga) which might be for a temporary activity, a 면허 typically implies a professional qualification or a long-term authorization to perform a specific action or practice a profession. It signifies a higher level of official recognition and often involves a formal examination or rigorous requirements to obtain. So, if you're talking about a license to practice law or fly an airplane, 면허 is the appropriate term.

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

§ Understanding 면허 (myeonheo)

Alright, let's break down '면허' (myeonheo). This word is super practical in Korean, and you'll hear it a lot, especially when talking about official permissions. Think of it as a 'license' or 'permit' in English.

DEFINITION: An official document giving permission to do something.

At its core, '면허' is about having the legal or official right to perform a specific action or hold a certain status. It's not just a general permission; it's always backed by some kind of official body or regulation.

§ Common Uses and Contexts

The most common use of '면허' is with a verb like '따다' (to obtain/get) or '가지다' (to have). You'll often combine it with the type of license you're talking about.

운전면허 (unjeonmyeonheo): Driving license
의사면허 (uisamyeonheo): Doctor's license
변호사면허 (byeonhosamyeonheo): Lawyer's license
사업면허 (saeopmyeonheo): Business license

Notice how the type of license comes before '면허'. This is a consistent pattern.

저는 운전면허를 따고 싶어요.

Hint: I want to get a driving license.

그는 의사면허가 있습니다.

Hint: He has a doctor's license.

§ Grammar with 면허 (myeonheo)

When you're using '면허' in sentences, pay attention to the particles. They help connect the word to the rest of the sentence.

~를/을 따다: To obtain/get a license. This is very common. The object particle '를' or '을' attaches to '면허'.

저는 곧 운전면허를 딸 거예요.

Hint: I will get my driving license soon.

~가/이 있다/없다: To have/not have a license. The subject particle '가' or '이' attaches to '면허'.

혹시 면허가 있으세요?

Hint: Do you have a license, by any chance?

~증 (jeung): You might also see '면허증' (myeonheojeung). The '증' means 'certificate' or 'card'. So, '운전면허증' directly refers to the physical driving license card. Both '면허' and '면허증' are often used interchangeably, but '면허증' emphasizes the physical document.

Remember, context is key! Pay attention to the verbs and particles used with '면허' to fully understand its meaning in any given sentence. Keep practicing these examples, and you'll get the hang of it in no time!

Exemples par niveau

운전면허증이 있어야 운전할 수 있습니다.

You need a driver's license to drive.

그는 의사 면허를 취득하기 위해 열심히 공부하고 있습니다.

He is studying hard to get his medical license.

사업을 시작하려면 사업자 면허가 필요해요.

You need a business license to start a business.

면허 없이 운전하는 것은 불법입니다.

Driving without a license is illegal.

저는 제 컴퓨터 프로그래밍 면허를 갱신해야 합니다.

I need to renew my computer programming license.

건물을 짓기 위해서는 건축 면허가 있어야 합니다.

You must have a building license to construct a building.

새로운 취미를 위해 비행기 조종 면허를 따고 싶어요.

I want to get a pilot's license for a new hobby.

그는 요리사 면허를 가지고 있어서 식당에서 일할 수 있습니다.

He has a chef's license, so he can work in a restaurant.

그는 운전면허를 빨리 따고 싶어 해요.

He wants to get his driver's license quickly.

변호사 면허를 취득하기 위해 많은 공부를 해야 했어요.

I had to study a lot to get my lawyer's license.

의사 면허가 있어야 환자를 치료할 수 있습니다.

You need a medical license to treat patients.

그는 공인중개사 면허 시험에 합격했습니다.

He passed the real estate agent license exam.

요리사 면허는 요리 전문 학교에서 받을 수 있어요.

You can get a chef's license from a culinary school.

이 면허증은 국제적으로 인정됩니다.

This license is internationally recognized.

면허가 정지돼서 운전을 할 수 없어요.

My license is suspended, so I can't drive.

새로운 사업을 시작하려면 여러 면허가 필요해요.

You need several licenses to start a new business.

Modèles grammaticaux

~(을/를) 가지고 있다 (to have) ~(을/를) 따다 (to get/obtain a license) ~이/가 필요하다 (to need) ~(을/를) 갱신하다 (to renew) ~을/를 위한 (for) ~기 위한 (in order to) ~이/가 정지되다 (to be suspended) ~(으)ㄹ 수 없다 (cannot)

Structures de phrases

X가 Y 면허를 가지고 있어요.

저는 운전 면허를 가지고 있어요. (I have a driver's license.)

X 면허가 있어요.

운전 면허가 있어요. (I have a driver's license.)

X 면허를 따고 싶어요.

운전 면허를 따고 싶어요. (I want to get a driver's license.)

X 면허가 필요해요.

영업 면허가 필요해요. (I need a business license.)

X 면허를 갱신해야 해요.

의사 면허를 갱신해야 해요. (I need to renew my doctor's license.)

X 면허 취득을 위한 시험을 준비 중이에요.

변호사 면허 취득을 위한 시험을 준비 중이에요. (I'm preparing for the exam to get a lawyer's license.)

X 면허가 정지되었어요.

운전 면허가 정지되었어요. (My driver's license was suspended.)

X 면허가 없는 사람은 Y를 할 수 없어요.

의사 면허가 없는 사람은 환자를 치료할 수 없어요. (People without a doctor's license cannot treat patients.)

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a 'myun-HUR' (면허)dle race where you need a license to jump over each hurdle.

Association visuelle

Picture a stack of official-looking documents, each stamped with a seal and the word '면허' written on it, representing various licenses you might need.

Word Web

운전면허 (driver's license) 의사면허 (doctor's license) 사업면허 (business license) 변호사 면허 (lawyer's license) 면허증 (license card)

Défi

Think about what kind of '면허' you might need in your daily life or for your dream job. Try to say a sentence in Korean using '면허' about it.