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A2 adjective #3,000 le plus courant 3 min de lecture

닮았다

damdatda Top 3,000

When you want to say that someone or something looks like or is similar to another, use 닮았다 (dalmatda). It is often used to compare physical appearances or personality traits. For example, if a child looks like their mother, you can say, “아이가 엄마를 닮았어요.” This phrase can also describe similarities between objects or situations. You might hear “두 상황이 정말 닮았어요” to mean “The two situations are very similar.”

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

§ Understanding 닮았다 (damatda)

The Korean word 닮았다 (damatda) is an adjective that means 'to be similar' or 'to resemble.' It's used when two or more things share characteristics, either physically or in terms of personality or behavior. It's a common and useful word for describing resemblances.

You might notice it ends with -았다, which looks like past tense. However, when describing a state or characteristic like 'being similar,' this form is often used to describe a current state. Think of it like saying 'is similar' rather than 'was similar.'

§ Basic Sentence Structure

When using 닮았다, the basic structure is usually: [Noun 1]이/가 [Noun 2]을/를 닮았다.

Subject Marker: Use 이 (i) if the preceding noun ends with a consonant, and 가 (ga) if it ends with a vowel.

Object Marker: Use 을 (eul) if the preceding noun ends with a consonant, and 를 (reul) if it ends with a vowel.

그는 아버지를 닮았다. (Geuneun abeojireul damatda.)
He resembles his father. (He is similar to his father.)

그녀는 엄마를 많이 닮았다. (Geunyeoneun eommareul mani damatda.)
She resembles her mother a lot. (She is very similar to her mother.)

§ Expressing Similarity to Each Other

When you want to say that two things are similar to each other, you can use the expression 서로 (seoro), meaning 'each other' or 'mutually.'

두 사람은 서로 닮았다. (Du sarameun seoro damatda.)
The two people resemble each other. (The two people are similar to each other.)

그 형제는 서로 많이 닮았다. (Geu hyeongjeneun seoro mani damatda.)
The brothers resemble each other a lot. (The brothers are very similar to each other.)

§ Specifying What is Similar

You can also specify *what* aspect is similar by using ~점 (jeom), meaning 'point' or 'aspect,' or ~모습 (moseup), meaning 'appearance' or 'look,' followed by the object marker 을/를.

그는 성격이 아버지를 닮았다. (Geuneun seonggyeogi abeojireul damatda.)
He resembles his father in personality. (His personality is similar to his father's.)

그 아이는 눈이 엄마를 닮았다. (Geu aineun nuni eommareul damatda.)
That child's eyes resemble their mother's. (That child's eyes are similar to their mother's.)

§ Using 닮았다 with Nouns

You can also use 닮았다 to describe a noun, turning it into a descriptive phrase. You'd attach ~은/는 (~eun/neun) to the end of 닮았다, becoming 닮은 (dalmeun) or 닮는 (dalmneun) depending on the nuance, then follow it with the noun.

닮은 (dalmeun): This is the most common form for adjectives describing a state, meaning 'resembling' or 'similar to.'

그는 아버지를 닮은 사람이다. (Geuneun abeojireul dalmeun saramida.)
He is a person who resembles his father. (He is a father-like person.)

나를 닮은 강아지를 찾고 있어요. (Nareul dalmeun gangajireul chatgo isseoyo.)
I'm looking for a puppy that resembles me. (I'm looking for a puppy similar to me.)

§ Expressing 'Looks Like' or 'Seems Like'

You can also combine 닮았다 with ~같다 (gatda), meaning 'to be like' or 'to seem like,' to add a sense of approximation or conjecture. This usually comes in the form of 닮은 것 같다 (dalmeun geot gatda).

그는 아버지를 닮은 것 같다. (Geuneun abeojireul dalmeun geot gatda.)
He seems to resemble his father. (He looks like he is similar to his father.)

그 그림은 진짜 사진을 닮은 것 같다. (Geu geurimeun jinjja sajineul dalmeun geot gatda.)
That painting seems to resemble a real photograph. (That painting looks like a real photograph.)

§ More Examples

이 고양이는 우리 집 고양이를 닮았다. (I goyangineun uri jip goyangireul damatda.)
This cat resembles our house cat. (This cat is similar to our house cat.)
그의 목소리는 유명한 가수를 닮았다. (Geuyi moksorineun yumyeonghan gasureul damatda.)
His voice resembles a famous singer. (His voice is similar to a famous singer's.)
그 건물은 한국의 전통 가옥을 닮았다. (Geu geonmureun Hangugui jeontong gaogeul damatda.)
That building resembles a traditional Korean house. (That building is similar to a traditional Korean house.)

Exemples par niveau

그 아기는 엄마를 정말 닮았어요.

That baby really resembles her mom.

Here, '닮았어요' (dalmasseoyo) is the polite, past tense form of '닮다' (dalmda), used to describe a current state that resulted from a past action (being born resembling).

형과 동생이 많이 닮았어요.

The older brother and younger brother look very similar.

'많이' (mani) means 'a lot' or 'very much'.

그 그림은 사진과 닮았어요.

That painting looks like the photograph.

'-와/과 닮다' (-wa/gwa dalmda) means 'to resemble [noun]' or 'to be similar to [noun]'.

이 옷은 제가 전에 입었던 옷과 닮았어요.

These clothes are similar to the clothes I wore before.

'전에' (jeone) means 'before' or 'previously'.

친구의 강아지는 곰 인형을 닮았어요.

My friend's puppy looks like a teddy bear.

'곰 인형' (gom in-hyeong) means 'teddy bear'.

그 배우는 유명한 가수를 닮았어요.

That actor resembles a famous singer.

'유명한' (yumyeonghan) means 'famous'.

제 목소리는 아빠 목소리와 닮았어요.

My voice is similar to my dad's voice.

'목소리' (moksori) means 'voice'.

이 고양이는 우리 집 고양이와 닮았어요.

This cat looks like our cat at home.

'우리 집' (uri jip) literally means 'our house' but often implies 'our home' or 'my home'.

그녀는 어머니를 많이 닮았어요.

She resembles her mother a lot.

형제가 서로 닮아서 누가 형이고 동생인지 헷갈려요.

The brothers resemble each other so much, I get confused who is the older and who is the younger brother.

이 그림은 실물과 아주 닮았어요.

This painting looks very much like the real thing.

아버지를 닮아 키가 크고 운동을 잘해요.

He takes after his father, tall and good at sports.

두 도시의 분위기가 놀랍도록 닮았어요.

The atmosphere of the two cities is surprisingly similar.

우리는 성격이 많이 닮아서 잘 통해요.

We have very similar personalities, so we get along well.

어릴 때 사진을 보니 지금이랑 똑같이 닮았네요.

Looking at my childhood photos, I see I look exactly the same now.

선생님은 저희 할머니를 정말 많이 닮으셨어요.

The teacher really resembles my grandmother a lot.

Souvent confondu avec

닮았다 vs 닮아가다

This means 'to grow to resemble' or 'to become like' someone/something, implying a process over time, whereas '닮았다' is a present state.

닮았다 vs 닮은꼴

This is a noun meaning 'look-alike' or 'resemblance,' referring to the actual person or thing that resembles another, not the verb form.

닮았다 vs 비슷하게 생겼다

This specifically means 'to look similar' and focuses on physical appearance, but '닮았다' can encompass more than just looks (e.g., personality traits).

Facile à confondre

닮았다 vs 비슷하다

'비슷하다' also means 'to be similar,' leading to confusion with '닮았다'.

'닮았다' specifically implies a resemblance in appearance or characteristics, often inherited or observed, like looking like a parent. '비슷하다' is a more general term for similarity, not necessarily genetic or visual, and can be used for things like tastes, opinions, or general resemblances.

그 가수는 우리 오빠와 목소리가 비슷해요. (That singer's voice is similar to my older brother's.)

닮았다 vs 같다

'같다' means 'to be the same' or 'to be like,' which can be mistaken for 'to be similar' in some contexts.

'같다' implies identity or exact sameness. '닮았다' suggests a strong resemblance but not necessarily identity. If two things are identical, they are '같은' (the same). If they look alike, they '닮았다' (resemble each other).

이 사과와 저 사과는 색깔이 같아요. (This apple and that apple are the same color.)

닮았다 vs 흡사하다

'흡사하다' is a more formal and literary word for 'to be similar' or 'to resemble,' which can cause confusion with '닮았다' in its meaning.

While both mean 'to resemble,' '닮았다' is the common, everyday term. '흡사하다' is typically used in more formal writing or speech, often to describe a striking or remarkable resemblance.

그 풍경은 그림과 흡사합니다. (That scenery remarkably resembles a painting.)

닮았다 vs 짝짝이

This word describes things that don't match, which might be confused as the opposite of similarity if not understood correctly.

'짝짝이' refers to a pair of items that are mismatched or not alike, like two different socks. It's not about resemblance but a lack of uniformity in a pair.

양말이 짝짝이라서 부끄러웠어요. (I was embarrassed because my socks were mismatched.)

닮았다 vs 구별하다

This verb means 'to distinguish' or 'to differentiate,' which is the action you take when things are similar but not identical, sometimes causing conceptual confusion.

'구별하다' is the act of telling similar things apart, whereas '닮았다' describes the state of being similar. One is an action, the other is a characteristic.

쌍둥이라서 구별하기 어려워요. (It's hard to distinguish them because they are twins.)

Comment l'utiliser

How to use 닮았다 (dalmatda)

닮았다 is the past tense form of 닮다 (dalmda), but it's used to describe a present state of similarity. Think of it like saying 'they have become similar' or 'they ended up similar,' implying an ongoing resemblance.

You'll typically see it used with the particles ~와/과 (~wa/gwa) or ~을/를 (~eul/reul) to indicate what is being resembled.

Examples:
- 엄마와 닮았어요. (Eomma-wa dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'You resemble your mom.' (Literally: 'You are similar with mom.')
- 아빠를 닮았어요. (Appa-reul dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'You resemble your dad.' (Literally: 'You resemble dad.')
- 그 배우는 정말 원숭이를 닮았어요. (Geu bae-u-neun jeongmal won-sung-i-reul dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'That actor really resembles a monkey.'
- 저희 강아지는 곰돌이 인형을 닮았어요. (Jeo-hui gang-a-ji-neun gom-dol-i in-hyeong-eul dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'Our puppy resembles a teddy bear.'

It can also be used with descriptive adjectives like 많이 (mani - a lot), 조금 (jo-geum - a little), or 정말 (jeongmal - really/truly) to specify the degree of resemblance.

Examples:
- 엄마와 많이 닮았어요. (Eomma-wa mani dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'You resemble your mom a lot.'
- 언니랑 조금 닮았어요. (Eon-ni-rang jo-geum dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'You resemble your older sister a little.'

Erreurs courantes

Common Mistakes with 닮았다

1. Confusing with 비슷하다 (bi-seut-ha-da):
- While both mean 'similar,' 닮았다 (dalmatda) specifically refers to a physical resemblance or shared characteristics (e.g., looks, personality).
- 비슷하다 (bi-seut-ha-da) is more general and can apply to anything from objects, situations, or abstract concepts that are similar.
- Incorrect: 이 두 개는 닮았어요. (I du gae-neun dalm-ass-eoyo.) - *If you're talking about two similar-looking chairs.*
- Correct: 이 두 개는 비슷해요. (I du gae-neun bi-seut-hae-yo.) - 'These two are similar.'
- Correct: 그 아이는 엄마를 닮았어요. (Geu a-i-neun eomma-reul dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'That child resembles their mother.' (Here, '닮았다' is correct because it's about physical resemblance.)

2. Using the present tense '닮다' (dalmda) incorrectly:
- While '닮다' is the dictionary form, you rarely use it in its present tense form to describe an ongoing resemblance. You almost always use the past tense form '닮았다' to indicate a current state of similarity.
- Incorrect: 너는 아빠를 닮다. (Neo-neun appa-reul dalm-da.) - *Grammatically awkward and unnatural.*
- Correct: 너는 아빠를 닮았어요. (Neo-neun appa-reul dalm-ass-eoyo.) - 'You resemble your dad.'

Teste-toi 24 questions

multiple choice B1

다음 문장 중 '닮았다'의 의미로 가장 적절한 것은 무엇입니까?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 비슷하거나 공통된 특징을 가지고 있다

'닮았다'는 두 대상이 비슷하거나 공통된 특징을 가지고 있음을 나타냅니다.

multiple choice B1

수민이와 수현이는 쌍둥이라서 얼굴이 정말 _______.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 닮았다

쌍둥이는 서로 비슷한 외모를 가지고 있으므로 '닮았다'가 적절합니다.

multiple choice B1

그들의 생각은 많이 _______, 그래서 자주 의견 충돌이 있다.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 다르다

의견 충돌이 있다는 것은 생각이 비슷하지 않다는 것을 의미하므로, '닮았다'의 반대 의미인 '다르다'가 와야 합니다. 질문은 '닮았다'의 의미를 묻는 것이 아니므로 주의해야 합니다.

true false B1

두 사람이 닮았다는 것은 그들이 외모뿐만 아니라 성격도 같다는 의미이다.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : Faux

'닮았다'는 외모나 성격 등 여러 특징 중 일부 또는 전부가 비슷하다는 의미이지, 모든 것이 같다는 의미는 아닙니다.

true false B1

이 식당의 음식 맛은 어릴 적 할머니가 해주시던 음식 맛과 매우 닮았다.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : Vrai

음식 맛이 과거의 맛과 비슷하다는 의미로 '닮았다'를 사용할 수 있습니다.

true false B1

그는 부모님과 전혀 닮지 않아서 친구들이 종종 놀란다.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : Vrai

부모님과 외모나 성격 등이 비슷하지 않다는 의미로 '닮지 않다'를 사용할 수 있습니다.

listening B2

The two people's personalities are very similar.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 두 사람은 성격이 정말 많이 닮았어요.