esgotado en 30 secondes
- Esgotado means 'sold out' when talking about products or tickets in a store or event.
- It means 'exhausted' or 'burnt out' when describing a person's physical or mental state.
- It is used for resources like water, battery, or money that have been completely used up.
- Always use it with the verb 'estar' and ensure it agrees in gender and number with the noun.
The Portuguese adjective esgotado is a powerful and multifaceted term that primarily conveys the idea of total depletion. Derived from the verb esgotar (to drain or exhaust), it describes a state where nothing remains of a particular resource, energy, or product. In everyday Portuguese, you will encounter this word in two dominant contexts: the physical/emotional state of a person and the commercial availability of goods or services. When a person says they are esgotado, they aren't just 'tired' (cansado); they are at the end of their rope, feeling completely drained of energy, often implying a state of burnout or extreme fatigue. In a commercial sense, it is the equivalent of 'sold out' or 'out of stock.' If you see a sign at a cinema saying 'Bilhetes Esgotados,' it means every single seat has been purchased.
- Physical State
- Refers to extreme exhaustion, often after intense labor or stress.
- Commercial Availability
- Indicates that a product is no longer available for purchase because it has all been sold.
- Resource Depletion
- Used for natural resources like water or oil when they have been completely used up.
Depois de trabalhar doze horas seguidas, o médico sentia-se completamente esgotado.
Beyond these common uses, esgotado can also apply to abstract concepts. For instance, one's patience can be esgotada (exhausted), or a topic of conversation can be esgotado (thoroughly discussed with nothing new to add). It is important to note that the word changes its ending based on the gender and number of the noun it describes: esgotado (masculine singular), esgotada (feminine singular), esgotados (masculine plural), and esgotadas (feminine plural). This agreement is crucial for grammatical accuracy in Portuguese.
As edições limitadas do livro já estão esgotadas em todas as livrarias.
In technical or environmental contexts, esgotado describes the state of a system that can no longer produce or provide. For example, an 'esgotado' soil (solo esgotado) is one that has lost all its nutrients due to over-farming. This nuance of 'emptiness' or 'void' is central to the word's etymology, coming from 'es-' (out) and 'gota' (drop), literally meaning 'to the last drop.'
O solo desta região está esgotado devido ao uso intensivo de químicos.
- Emotional Burnout
- A modern usage describing the psychological state of being overwhelmed by work or life.
- Legal/Procedural
- Used when all possibilities or appeals in a process have been used up.
Eles tentaram todas as vias legais, mas os recursos estão esgotados.
A paciência da professora com os alunos barulhentos estava quase esgotada.
Using esgotado correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective and its relationship with the verb estar. In Portuguese, we almost exclusively use estar (to be - temporary state) with esgotado because exhaustion or being sold out is usually considered a state rather than a permanent characteristic. You would say 'Eu estou esgotado' (I am exhausted) rather than 'Eu sou esgotado,' which would sound very strange to a native speaker. The word must also agree in gender and number with the subject it modifies.
- Masculine Singular: O produto está esgotado.
- Feminine Singular: A bateria está esgotada.
- Masculine Plural: Os bilhetes estão esgotados.
- Feminine Plural: As reservas estão esgotadas.
When discussing people, esgotado is often preceded by intensifiers like completamente (completely), totalmente (totally), or absolutamente (absolutely) to emphasize the severity of the fatigue. For example: 'Estou completamente esgotado depois desta maratona.' In professional settings, it is a key term for discussing 'Burnout Syndrome,' often referred to as 'síndrome de esgotamento profissional.'
In a retail or commercial context, esgotado is used as a status. If you are shopping online and an item cannot be added to the cart, the label will likely say 'Esgotado.' It is synonymous with 'fora de estoque' (out of stock), but esgotado is more common for events, tickets, and limited editions. If you are a salesperson, you might tell a customer: 'Lamento, mas esse modelo está esgotado no momento.'
Another common usage involves resources. If you are talking about a car's fuel, a phone's battery, or a country's water supply, esgotado signifies that the supply has reached zero. 'A minha paciência esgotou-se' (My patience ran out) uses the reflexive verb form, but the adjective 'paciência esgotada' is equally common to describe the resulting state.
You will encounter esgotado in a variety of daily situations. One of the most common places is at the box office (bilheteria) of a theater or stadium. A large sign saying 'ESGOTADO' is a clear indicator that no more tickets are available. Similarly, in online shopping, the word appears in red text next to popular items that have sold out. It is a word that triggers a sense of urgency or disappointment in consumers.
In the workplace, esgotado is a frequent topic of conversation during coffee breaks. Colleagues might describe their mental state after a long project or a difficult week. 'Estou esgotado' is a common way to express that one needs a vacation or a significant break. It carries more weight than 'cansado,' signaling that the person is near a breaking point.
In the news, you might hear esgotado in reports about environmental crises or economic issues. Journalists might speak of 'recursos naturais esgotados' (exhausted natural resources) or 'capacidade hospitalar esgotada' (exhausted hospital capacity), the latter being particularly common during health crises when no more beds are available for patients. In legal news, a lawyer might state that 'todos os recursos judiciais foram esgotados,' meaning there are no further ways to appeal a court's decision.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing esgotado with cansado. While both relate to fatigue, cansado is a general term for being tired, whereas esgotado implies a total lack of remaining energy. Using esgotado for a slight afternoon sleepiness is an exaggeration. Save esgotado for when you truly feel you cannot do anything else.
Another mistake is failing to apply gender and number agreement. Since it is an adjective, it must match the noun. A common error is saying 'As camisas estão esgotado' instead of the correct 'As camisas estão esgotadas.' Remember that the 'o' changes to 'a', 'os', or 'as' depending on what is sold out or exhausted.
Learners also sometimes use the verb ser instead of estar. Saying 'O concerto é esgotado' is grammatically incorrect because being sold out is a state the concert has reached, not its inherent nature. Always use estar: 'O concerto está esgotado.' Finally, avoid using esgotado to mean 'tired of something' in the sense of being annoyed (e.g., 'I'm tired of this music'). For that, Portuguese uses 'farto' (Estou farto desta música).
Several words share semantic space with esgotado, and choosing the right one depends on the nuance you want to convey. Exausto is the closest synonym for physical exhaustion. While esgotado can mean 'sold out' or 'tired,' exausto is almost exclusively used for people and animals who are extremely tired. If you want to sound more dramatic about your fatigue, exausto is a great choice.
Acabado is another related term. It literally means 'finished' or 'ended.' When applied to a person, it can mean they look very tired or aged ('Ele parece acabado'). In a commercial context, you might say 'O estoque acabou' (The stock finished), which is a more informal way of saying the items are esgotados.
Vazio (empty) is sometimes related, especially when talking about containers or resources. However, vazio describes the container, while esgotado describes the process of the contents being used up. For example, a 'depósito esgotado' implies it was once full and is now empty because it was used. Terminado (finished/completed) is used for tasks or events, but not usually for products being sold out or people being tired.
How Formal Is It?
Guide de prononciation
Niveau de difficulté
Grammaire à connaître
Adjective-Noun Agreement
Stative Verbs (Estar)
Past Participles as Adjectives
Gender markers in Portuguese
Pluralization of adjectives
Exemples par niveau
O leite está esgotado.
The milk is sold out.
Masculine singular agreement.
Os bilhetes estão esgotados.
The tickets are sold out.
Masculine plural agreement.
A água está esgotada.
The water is used up.
Feminine singular agreement.
Estou esgotado hoje.
I am exhausted today.
Used with 'estar' for a temporary state.
As maçãs estão esgotadas.
The apples are sold out.
Feminine plural agreement.
O livro está esgotado.
The book is out of stock.
Common in retail.
Ela está esgotada.
She is exhausted.
Feminine singular for a person.
Tudo está esgotado.
Everything is sold out.
'Tudo' is treated as masculine singular.
O concerto de amanhã já está esgotado.
Tomorrow's concert is already sold out.
Use of 'já' (already) with 'esgotado'.
Depois do trabalho, sinto-me esgotado.
After work, I feel exhausted.
Reflexive verb 'sentir-se' + adjective.
As reservas para o jantar estão esgotadas.
The dinner reservations are full/sold out.
Feminine plural agreement.
A bateria do meu telemóvel está esgotada.
My phone battery is dead/exhausted.
Commonly used for energy/batteries.
Infelizmente, o modelo azul está esgotado.
Unfortunately, the blue model is sold out.
Adverb 'infelizmente' adds context.
Eles estão esgotados por causa da viagem.
They are exhausted because of the trip.
Plural agreement for a group.
A paciência dele está esgotada.
His patience is exhausted.
Abstract use of the word.
O stock de camisolas está esgotado.
The sweater stock is sold out.
Noun 'stock' is masculine.
O tema da reunião já parece esgotado.
The meeting topic already seems exhausted.
Used for topics of discussion.
A minha capacidade de concentração está esgotada.
My capacity to concentrate is exhausted.
Abstract mental state.
Muitos recursos naturais estão quase esgotados.
Many natural resources are almost exhausted.
Environmental context.
O prazo para a inscrição está esgotado.
The registration deadline has run out.
Used for time/deadlines.
Sinto-me mentalmente esgotada com tanto stress.
I feel mentally exhausted with so much stress.
Adverb 'mentalmente' modifies the state.
As possibilidades de sucesso estão esgotadas.
The possibilities of success are exhausted.
Abstract plural use.
O orçamento para este projeto está esgotado.
The budget for this project is exhausted.
Financial context.
A fonte de inspiração do artista parece esgotada.
The artist's source of inspiration seems exhausted.
Creative context.
A síndrome de esgotamento profissional é um problema sério.
Burnout syndrome is a serious problem.
Noun form 'esgotamento' related to the adjective.
O solo está esgotado devido à monocultura.
The soil is depleted due to monoculture.
Technical agricultural use.
As vias de negociação estão completamente esgotadas.
The avenues of negotiation are completely exhausted.
Political/Formal context.
Ele fala com uma voz esgotada e sem vida.
He speaks with an exhausted and lifeless voice.
Describing a quality of voice.
A capacidade do hospital está totalmente esgotada.
The hospital's capacity is totally exhausted.
Used for capacity/limits.
O debate sobre este assunto está esgotado há anos.
The debate on this subject has been exhausted for years.
Used for intellectual discourse.
As reservas cambiais do país estão esgotadas.
The country's foreign exchange reserves are exhausted.
Economic terminology.
Sinto que o meu repertório de piadas está esgotado.
I feel like my repertoire of jokes is exhausted.
Figurative use for skills/content.
Esgotadas as instâncias administrativas, recorremos ao tribunal.
Having exhausted administrative instances, we appealed to the court.
Absolute construction with 'esgotadas'.
A paciência estratégica da nação está esgotada.
The nation's strategic patience is exhausted.
High-level political rhetoric.
O autor utiliza uma linguagem que parece esgotada de sentido.
The author uses a language that seems depleted of meaning.
Literary criticism.
A exploração mineira deixou a montanha esgotada.
Mining exploration left the mountain exhausted.
Environmental/Industrial context.
As fórmulas políticas tradicionais estão esgotadas.
Traditional political formulas are exhausted.
Sociological observation.
O poço de petróleo está finalmente esgotado.
The oil well is finally exhausted.
Resource extraction.
A sua argumentação está esgotada, não há mais o que dizer.
Your argument is exhausted; there's nothing more to say.
Logical/Rhetorical use.
O modelo económico atual mostra sinais de estar esgotado.
The current economic model shows signs of being exhausted.
Macroeconomic analysis.
A finitude dos recursos planetários impõe um limite ao crescimento esgotado.
The finiteness of planetary resources imposes a limit on exhausted growth.
Philosophical/Academic tone.
A narrativa clássica parece esgotada perante a fragmentação pós-moderna.
The classical narrative seems exhausted in the face of postmodern fragmentation.
Literary theory.
O réu viu esgotadas todas as suas possibilidades de defesa.
The defendant saw all his defense possibilities exhausted.
Formal legal phrasing.
Uma alma esgotada pela amargura dos anos.
A soul exhausted by the bitterness of the years.
Poetic/Metaphorical use.
O paradigma científico vigente está longe de estar esgotado.
The current scientific paradigm is far from being exhausted.
Epistemological context.
Esgotada a paciência do monarca, a guerra foi declarada.
The monarch's patience having been exhausted, war was declared.
Historical narrative style.
A vitalidade da língua não se deixa esgotar por modismos.
The vitality of the language does not let itself be exhausted by fads.
Linguistic analysis.
O silêncio era o de uma conversa esgotada de palavras.
The silence was that of a conversation exhausted of words.
Highly evocative/Literary.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
Souvent confondu avec
Expressions idiomatiques
Facile à confondre
Structures de phrases
Comment l'utiliser
Esgotado is more objective for products, but more subjective and intense for feelings.
Very high in both European and Brazilian Portuguese.
- Using 'ser esgotado' instead of 'estar esgotado'.
- Forgetting to change the ending for feminine nouns (e.g., 'A bateria está esgotado').
- Using 'esgotado' when you are just a little bit tired.
- Confusing 'esgotado' (adjective) with 'esgoto' (noun - sewer).
- Using 'esgotado' to mean 'annoyed' (should be 'farto').
Astuces
Agreement is Key
Always remember to change the ending to -a, -os, or -as. This is the most common mistake for English speakers. Practice with different nouns like 'pão' (m) and 'água' (f). It becomes natural with time.
Stronger than Cansado
Use 'esgotado' when you are 100% tired. If you are only 50% tired, use 'cansado.' This helps you express the intensity of your feelings. Native speakers will appreciate the precision.
Event Success
If you see 'Esgotado' on a poster, it's a good thing for the artist. It means the show is a hit. It's a very positive word in the entertainment industry. It implies high demand.
Stock Management
In a business context, 'esgotado' is a standard status. Use it in emails to clients when products are unavailable. It sounds professional and clear. It is better than saying 'não temos'.
Burnout
If you feel 'esgotado' for a long time, it might be 'esgotamento.' This is the Portuguese word for burnout. It's an important word for mental health discussions. Take it seriously if someone says it.
The 'S' Sound
In Portugal, the 's' in 'esgotado' sounds like 'sh'. In Brazil, it often sounds like 's' or 'z'. Listen to local speakers to match the accent. The 'o' at the end is often soft.
Formal Variation
In formal writing, use 'encontra-se esgotado.' The verb 'encontrar-se' adds a touch of sophistication. It is very common in official store notices. It makes your Portuguese sound more advanced.
Abstract Use
Don't forget you can use it for patience or time. 'O meu tempo está esgotado' means 'My time is up.' This is very useful in exams or meetings. It's a versatile abstract term.
The 'Drop' Connection
Remember 'gota' means drop. 'Esgotado' means the last drop is out. This visual helps you remember the meaning of 'empty' or 'exhausted.' It's a literal connection to the word's roots.
Online Labels
When shopping on Portuguese sites, look for this word. It's usually in red. If you see it, you can't buy the item. It's one of the most important words for online consumers.
Mémorise-le
Origine du mot
From the Portuguese prefix 'es-' (out/away) + 'gota' (drop).
Contexte culturel
Influencers often use 'esgotado' to create FOMO (fear of missing out) for their products.
Complaining about being 'esgotado' is a common social bonding ritual in high-stress jobs.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Amorces de conversation
"Já viste? Os bilhetes para o concerto estão esgotados!"
"Pareces um pouco esgotado hoje, queres um café?"
"Sabes se este livro está esgotado na livraria?"
"Como evitas ficar esgotado com tanto trabalho?"
"O que fazes quando a tua paciência está esgotada?"
Sujets d'écriture
Descreve um dia em que te sentiste completamente esgotado.
O que farias se os teus recursos financeiros estivessem esgotados?
Escreve sobre um produto que querias comprar mas estava esgotado.
Como é que a sociedade pode evitar o esgotamento dos recursos naturais?
Reflete sobre a diferença entre estar cansado e estar esgotado.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsYes, it means the person is extremely tired or burnt out. It is very common to say 'Estou esgotado' after a hard day. It is stronger than 'cansado.' Use it when you feel you have no energy left. It is both physical and mental.
They are very similar when referring to people. 'Exausto' is only for physical or mental tiredness. 'Esgotado' can also mean 'sold out' for products. You can use either for tiredness. 'Exausto' sounds slightly more dramatic.
The most common way is to use 'esgotado.' For example, 'Bilhetes esgotados' means tickets are sold out. You can also say 'fora de stock.' However, 'esgotado' is the standard term for events and popular items. It is used in shops and online.
Yes, it is an adjective. A woman would say 'Estou esgotada.' If a feminine item like 'a bateria' is dead, you say 'está esgotada.' Agreement is mandatory in Portuguese. Always check the gender of the subject.
It is neutral. You can use it in a casual conversation with friends or in a formal business report. In a store, it is the professional term. In a doctor's office, it describes a medical state. It is appropriate for all registers.
No, but the noun 'esgoto' means sewer or drain. They come from the same root (to drain). Be careful not to confuse the adjective 'esgotado' with the noun 'esgoto.' 'Esgotado' is the state of being drained.
Add an 's' to the end. 'Os livros estão esgotados' or 'As revistas estão esgotadas.' The vowel 'o' or 'a' depends on the gender. Pluralization follows standard Portuguese adjective rules. It is very simple once you know the gender.
Yes, if a restaurant runs out of a dish, they might say 'O prato está esgotado.' However, it is more common for packaged goods or specific items. For general food, people might say 'acabou.' But 'esgotado' is perfectly correct.
It means 'exhausted resources.' This is common in environmental or economic contexts. It implies that natural or financial resources have been completely used up. It is a serious term used in news and science. It suggests a state of crisis.
Yes, the verb is 'esgotar.' It means 'to exhaust' or 'to drain.' You can say 'O trabalho esgotou-me' (The work exhausted me). The adjective 'esgotado' is actually the past participle of this verb. They are used frequently together.
Teste-toi 180 questions
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'esgotado' is the ultimate term for 'zero remaining.' Whether you are talking about your own energy, the tickets for a Coldplay concert, or the world's oil reserves, it signifies a complete and total end of availability.
- Esgotado means 'sold out' when talking about products or tickets in a store or event.
- It means 'exhausted' or 'burnt out' when describing a person's physical or mental state.
- It is used for resources like water, battery, or money that have been completely used up.
- Always use it with the verb 'estar' and ensure it agrees in gender and number with the noun.
Agreement is Key
Always remember to change the ending to -a, -os, or -as. This is the most common mistake for English speakers. Practice with different nouns like 'pão' (m) and 'água' (f). It becomes natural with time.
Stronger than Cansado
Use 'esgotado' when you are 100% tired. If you are only 50% tired, use 'cansado.' This helps you express the intensity of your feelings. Native speakers will appreciate the precision.
Event Success
If you see 'Esgotado' on a poster, it's a good thing for the artist. It means the show is a hit. It's a very positive word in the entertainment industry. It implies high demand.
Stock Management
In a business context, 'esgotado' is a standard status. Use it in emails to clients when products are unavailable. It sounds professional and clear. It is better than saying 'não temos'.
Contenu associé
Plus de mots sur food
a conta
A1The bill or check (in a restaurant).
a gosto
A2Cela signifie 'au goût' ou 'selon votre préférence'.
à la carte
A2Commander des plats individuels à la carte, chaque article ayant son propre prix. Offre une flexibilité dans le choix de votre repas.
à mão
A2Fait à la main ou à portée de main. Cette expression souligne soit le travail manuel, soit la proximité immédiate d'un objet.
à mesa
A2Être à table, généralement pour manger.
à parte
A2Servi séparément ou mis de côté.
à pressa
A2Fait ou agi très rapidement car on manque de temps.
à saúde
A2A toast, meaning 'to health' or 'cheers'.
a vapor
A2Cuit à la vapeur ou propulsé par la vapeur.
à vontade
A2À l'aise, comme chez soi.
