表扬 is a formal way to publicly acknowledge and encourage someone's positive behavior or achievement.
Mot en 30 secondes
- To express formal approval or praise for someone's actions.
- Commonly used in educational, professional, and social settings.
- Functions as a mechanism for positive reinforcement.
1) 概述：表扬是一个正向的动词，核心在于“公开”与“肯定”。当某人做出了值得学习的行为或达到了预期的目标时，通过表扬可以起到强化行为和提升士气的作用。
2) 用法模式：表扬常用于“受到表扬”、“给予表扬”或“表扬某人做某事”等结构。它既可以作为谓语动词，也可以在特定语境下作为名词使用（如“获得表扬”）。
3) 常见语境：在学校里，老师表扬进步的学生；在职场中，经理表扬表现出色的员工；在家庭中，父母表扬懂事的孩子。它多出现在正式的评价体系或非正式的日常鼓励中。
4) 近义词辨析：与“夸奖”相比，“表扬”更具正式感，常带有一定的评价性；“赞扬”则更强调对他人的尊重和欣赏，语气往往比“表扬”更重，甚至可以用于对高尚品德的赞颂。
Exemples
老师表扬了小红的进步。
everydayThe teacher praised Xiao Hong's progress.
公司对该员工的杰出表现给予了公开表扬。
formalThe company publicly commended the employee for their outstanding performance.
你做得真棒，值得表扬！
informalYou did a great job, it's worth praising!
该报告受到了学术委员会的高度表扬。
academicThe report received high praise from the academic committee.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
表扬信
letter of commendation
通报表扬
circulated notice of commendation
值得表扬
deserving of praise
Souvent confondu avec
Refers to verbal praise, often informal and personal. It lacks the institutional or structural weight of '表扬'.
Emphasizes admiration and approval, often used for virtues, achievements, or high-level contributions. It is more formal and intense than '表扬'.
Modèles grammaticaux
How to Use It
Notes d'usage
表扬 is generally used in formal or semi-formal contexts where there is an authority figure involved. It carries a sense of official recognition rather than just personal opinion. Avoid using it for trivial matters or when referring to yourself.
Erreurs courantes
Learners often use '表扬' for casual compliments, where '夸奖' would be more natural. Another mistake is using it in the first person ('我表扬...'), which sounds unnatural. Remember that it implies an hierarchical or social evaluation process.
Tips
Use in formal settings
Use '表扬' when you are in a professional or academic environment to show formal recognition. It sounds much more professional than casual praise.
Avoid self-praise
Using '表扬' for oneself is generally considered inappropriate in Chinese culture. It can sound arrogant or boastful.
Collectivism and praise
In Chinese culture, public praise is often used to set a 'role model' (榜样) for the group. It encourages others to follow the same positive path.
Origine du mot
Derived from the concept of making someone's good deeds visible (表) and elevating their reputation (扬). It reflects the traditional value of public recognition.
Contexte culturel
In Chinese culture, public recognition is a powerful tool to maintain group standards. '表扬' is often used to define a 'model' for others to follow, emphasizing group harmony and collective progress.
Astuce mémo
Think of '表' (to display) + '扬' (to lift up). To 'display and lift up' someone's achievement is to praise them.
Questions fréquentes
4 questions“表扬”通常带有评价性质，多用于上级对下级或公开场合的肯定。而“夸奖”更偏向于口头上的赞美，语气较亲切，适用于各种日常人际关系。
“表扬”后面可以接人，例如“表扬他”；也可以接具体的行为，例如“表扬他勇敢的行为”。
在汉语中，通常使用“受到表扬”或“得到表扬”来表达被动含义。例如：他因为工作出色受到了经理的表扬。
通常不直接说“我表扬自己”，这听起来比较自负。如果想表达对自己行为的认可，建议使用“自我激励”或“自我肯定”。
Teste-toi
老师在全班同学面前___了小明，因为他捡到了钱包并归还失主。
老师对学生的公开肯定使用“表扬”最为合适。
下列哪个句子使用正确？
A选项语用不当，C选项词汇搭配错误，D选项虽然口语可用，但在正式书面语中B选项最为典型。
因为 / 得到 / 表扬 / 努力
遵循“原因+结果”的逻辑顺序。
Score : /3
Summary
表扬 is a formal way to publicly acknowledge and encourage someone's positive behavior or achievement.
- To express formal approval or praise for someone's actions.
- Commonly used in educational, professional, and social settings.
- Functions as a mechanism for positive reinforcement.
Use in formal settings
Use '表扬' when you are in a professional or academic environment to show formal recognition. It sounds much more professional than casual praise.
Avoid self-praise
Using '表扬' for oneself is generally considered inappropriate in Chinese culture. It can sound arrogant or boastful.
Collectivism and praise
In Chinese culture, public praise is often used to set a 'role model' (榜样) for the group. It encourages others to follow the same positive path.
Exemples
4 sur 4老师表扬了小红的进步。
The teacher praised Xiao Hong's progress.
公司对该员工的杰出表现给予了公开表扬。
The company publicly commended the employee for their outstanding performance.
你做得真棒，值得表扬！
You did a great job, it's worth praising!
该报告受到了学术委员会的高度表扬。
The report received high praise from the academic committee.
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Expressions liées
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缺席
B1The state of being absent from a place or event where one is expected to be, such as a class, meeting, or ceremony.
抽象的
A2Abstract.
抽象地
B1In an abstract manner; conceptually.
艰深
B1Profound; abstruse; recondite.
学术性
A2Academic; scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学术化
B1Academic; characterized by formal study or research.
学术会议
A2Academic conference; a formal meeting for academic discussions.
学术交流
B1Exchange of ideas, information, and research among scholars.
学术期刊
B1A periodical publication containing scholarly articles.
教务处
A2Academic affairs office; department handling educational administration.
