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A1 verb #2,500 よく出る 5分で読める

يتبادل

yatabadal
At the A1 level, you should learn يتبادل as a word for simple, everyday actions. Think of it as 'giving and taking.' The most common use for beginners is 'exchanging books' or 'exchanging gifts.' You will mostly see it in the present tense: يتبادل الطلاب الكتب (The students exchange books). Focus on the idea that two people are doing the same action together. It is a 'social' verb. You can remember it by thinking of a 'trade' between friends. At this level, don't worry about complex grammar; just remember the phrase تبادل الهدايا (exchanging gifts) as a set expression for birthdays or holidays.
At the A2 level, you start using يتبادل for more social interactions. You can use it to describe 'exchanging phone numbers' (تبادل أرقام الهواتف) or 'exchanging greetings' (تبادل التحية). You should also begin to recognize the past tense تبادلَ. You might use it in a sentence like: 'We exchanged photos after the trip.' It's important to notice that this verb usually describes a friendly or neutral interaction. You are building the foundation to describe mutual activities in your daily life, moving beyond just objects to simple social information.
At the B1 level, you can use يتبادل to talk about more abstract things like 'exchanging ideas' (تبادل الأفكار) or 'exchanging experiences' (تبادل الخبرات). You will encounter this word in news headlines about 'exchanging fire' or 'exchanging visits' between countries. You should be comfortable using the noun form تبادل (exchange) in sentences like 'There is a cultural exchange program.' You are now moving from physical objects to professional and social concepts. You should also understand how to use it with the preposition مع (with) when you are the single subject: 'I exchanged my seat with him.'
At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance of Form VI verbs (reciprocity). You can use يتبادل in professional and academic contexts. For example, 'The two companies exchanged data' or 'The scientists exchanged research findings.' You will also see it used in literature to describe subtle actions, like 'exchanging glances' (تبادل النظرات) which can convey deep meaning without words. You should be able to distinguish يتبادل from similar verbs like يقايض (to barter) or يتداول (to circulate). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the formal register of the word.
At the C1 level, يتبادل becomes a tool for discussing complex social and political dynamics. You might analyze 'the exchange of accusations' (تبادل الاتهامات) between political rivals or the 'exchange of roles' (تبادل الأدوار) in a psychological or theatrical context. You should be able to use it metaphorically. For instance, 'The trees exchanged whispers in the wind.' You are expected to use the word with precision in essays, discussing 'cultural exchange' as a driver of globalization. Your mastery includes knowing the collocations that fit specific formal contexts, such as 'exchanging credentials' in diplomacy.
At the C2 level, you use يتبادل with complete native-like fluency, capturing all its subtle connotations. You might use it in philosophical discussions about the 'exchange of existence' or in high-level legal documents regarding the 'exchange of contractual obligations.' You understand how the root B-D-L functions across all its forms and can explain why يتبادل (Form VI) is chosen over أبدل (Form IV) or بدّل (Form II) to emphasize the mutuality of the human experience. You can use it in complex rhetorical structures and appreciate its use in classical Arabic poetry where the exchange of hearts or sorrows is a common theme.
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يتبادل 30秒で

  • Reciprocal verb meaning 'to exchange'.
  • Used for physical objects and abstract ideas.
  • Follows the Form VI Arabic verb pattern.
  • Requires a plural subject or the preposition 'مع'.

The Arabic verb يتبادل (yatabādal) is a sophisticated yet essential term derived from the root ب-د-ل (B-D-L), which fundamentally relates to changing, replacing, or substituting. In its Form VI variation (Tafā'ala), the word takes on a reciprocal meaning, signifying an action that occurs between two or more parties. It doesn't just mean 'to change'; it means 'to exchange' or 'to swap' in a way that implies mutual participation. Whether you are swapping physical objects like books or gifts, or intangible concepts like ideas, glances, or greetings, this verb captures the essence of social reciprocity.

Root Origin
The root B-D-L (ب د ل) signifies the act of replacing one thing with another. In Form VI, the prefix 'ta-' and the long 'a' after the first radical indicate that the action is mutual.
Grammatical Pattern
It follows the pattern تفاعل / يتفاعل, which is almost always used for actions involving two or more people doing the same thing to each other.
Semantic Range
Covers everything from bartering goods in a market to the diplomatic exchange of ambassadors or the romantic exchange of looks.

"يتبادل الجيران التحية كل صباح بابتسامة." (The neighbors exchange greetings every morning with a smile.)

"يتبادل الطلاب الملاحظات قبل الامتحان النهائي." (The students exchange notes before the final exam.)

"يتبادل القادة الآراء حول الأزمة العالمية." (The leaders exchange views on the global crisis.)

"يتبادل اللاعبون القمصان بعد نهاية المباراة." (The players exchange jerseys after the end of the match.)

"يتبادل العشاق الرسائل الورقية القديمة." (The lovers exchange old paper letters.)

Using يتبادل correctly requires understanding its reciprocal nature. In Arabic grammar, Form VI verbs imply that the action is shared. Therefore, the most common sentence structure involves a plural subject. For example, يتَبَادَلُ النَّاسُ الهَدَايَا (People exchange gifts). Notice that the verb stays in the singular form if it precedes a plural subject in a VSO (Verb-Subject-Object) sentence structure, which is standard in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA).

Conjugation Basics

  • Past: تَبَادَلَ (tabādala) - He exchanged / They exchanged.
  • Present: يَتَبَادَلُ (yatabādalu) - He exchanges / They exchange.
  • Masdar (Noun): تَبَادُل (tabādul) - Exchanging / Exchange.

When you want to say 'I exchanged something with someone,' you use the preposition مع (with). For example: "تبادلتُ الكتب مع صديقي" (I exchanged books with my friend). In this case, the verb takes the first-person singular suffix -tu.

Common Objects
The objects of exchange can be concrete (money, goods, letters) or abstract (ideas, insults, glances, roles).
Formal vs. Informal
While used in daily speech, it is very common in news broadcasts (exchanging fire, exchanging diplomatic visits) and academic writing (exchanging information).

The verb يتبادل is a staple of Arabic media and social interaction. You will encounter it in various contexts, ranging from the evening news to a casual conversation at a marketplace. In the news, it is frequently used in the context of conflict or diplomacy. For instance, "تبادل إطلاق النار" (exchange of fire) is a common phrase in reports about skirmishes. Conversely, "تبادل الزيارات الرسمية" (exchange of official visits) describes positive diplomatic relations.

In social settings, especially during holidays like Eid or Christmas, you will hear people talking about "تبادل التهاني" (exchanging congratulations/greetings). In the business world, professionals talk about "تبادل الخبرات" (exchanging expertise) or "تبادل البيانات" (data exchange). Even in sports, commentators use it when players "يتبادلون الكرة" (exchange/pass the ball) quickly between each other.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing يتبادل with يستبدل (to replace/substitute). While they share the same root, يستبدل (Form X) implies taking one thing and putting another in its place, often without the idea of a mutual transaction between two people. For example, you 'replace' a broken lightbulb, but you 'exchange' gifts with a friend.

  • Using the wrong preposition: Learners sometimes use بـ (with/by) instead of مع (with) when specifying the person they are exchanging with. Correct: تبادلت الحديث معها.
  • Subject-Verb Agreement: In Form VI, the verb implies 'each other.' Adding بعضهم البعض (each other) at the end is often redundant but used for emphasis. However, using a singular subject without مع is a grammatical error because you cannot exchange alone.
  • Confusing the Masdar: The noun تبادل is often used as an adjective in English (e.g., 'exchange student'), but in Arabic, it remains a noun in an Idafa construction: طالب تبادل.

To enrich your vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that occupy the same semantic space as يتبادل. Depending on the context, you might choose a more specific verb.

يقايض (Yuqāyiḍ)
To barter or trade goods directly without money. This is more specific to commerce.
يتناوب (Yatanāwab)
To take turns. While يتبادل is about giving and receiving, يتناوب is about alternating roles over time.
يعاوض (Yu'āwiḍ)
To compensate or give something in return for a loss. It lacks the 'mutual sharing' aspect of exchange.
يتداول (Yatadāwal)
To circulate or pass around (like news or currency). It implies a wider circle of exchange than just two parties.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

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カジュアル

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難易度

知っておくべき文法

レベル別の例文

1

يتبادل الأولاد الكرات.

The boys exchange the balls.

Present tense, plural subject.

2

نحن نتبادل الكتب في المدرسة.

We exchange books at school.

First person plural present.

3

يتبادل الأصدقاء الهدايا.

The friends exchange gifts.

Standard VSO structure.

4

هل تتبادل الصور مع أختك؟

Do you exchange photos with your sister?

Interrogative with second person singular.

5

يتبادل الناس التحية في الصباح.

People exchange greetings in the morning.

General habit usage.

6

هم يتبادلون الأقلام.

They are exchanging pens.

Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) with plural suffix -un.

7

تبادلنا الأرقام.

We exchanged numbers.

Past tense 'na' suffix.

8

يتبادل القط والكلب النظرات.

The cat and the dog exchange looks.

Dual subject (implied).

1

تبادلنا العناوين لنبقى على تواصل.

We exchanged addresses to stay in touch.

Purpose clause with 'li'.

2

يتبادل الجيران الأخبار كل يوم.

The neighbors exchange news every day.

Abstract object 'news'.

3

هل تريد أن تتبادل المقاعد معي؟

Do you want to exchange seats with me?

Subjunctive after 'an'.

4

تبادل الطلاب الإجابات بعد الامتحان.

The students exchanged answers after the exam.

Past tense.

5

يتبادل السياح العملات في المطار.

Tourists exchange currencies at the airport.

Commercial context.

6

تبادلتُ القميص مع أخي لأنه صغير.

I exchanged the shirt with my brother because it is small.

Singular subject with 'ma'a'.

7

يتبادل الأطفال الحلويات في العيد.

Children exchange sweets during Eid.

Cultural context.

8

نحن نتبادل الرسائل الإلكترونية أسبوعياً.

We exchange emails weekly.

Adverbial 'weekly'.

1

يتبادل الباحثون المعلومات حول الفيروس.

Researchers exchange information about the virus.

Professional context.

2

تبادل الطرفان إطلاق النار في الغابة.

The two sides exchanged fire in the forest.

Common news idiom.

3

يجب أن نتبادل الخبرات لننجح.

We must exchange expertise to succeed.

Modal 'yajibu'.

4

تبادل الزوجان نظرات الحب.

The couple exchanged looks of love.

Dual subject 'al-zawjan'.

5

يتبادل الممثلون الأدوار في المسرحية.

The actors exchange roles in the play.

Theatrical context.

6

تبادلنا الهدايا التذكارية في نهاية الرحلة.

We exchanged souvenirs at the end of the trip.

Compound noun 'souvenirs'.

7

يتبادل السياسيون الاتهامات في البرلمان.

Politicians exchange accusations in parliament.

Political context.

8

هل يمكننا تبادل وجهات النظر؟

Can we exchange viewpoints?

Polite request.

1

يتبادل العلماء البيانات عبر الإنترنت بشكل فوري.

Scientists exchange data over the internet instantly.

Adverbial phrase 'bi-shakl fawri'.

2

تبادل الوفدان الوثائق الرسمية.

The two delegations exchanged official documents.

Diplomatic register.

3

يتبادل الملاكمون اللكمات في الحلبة.

The boxers exchange punches in the ring.

Physical conflict context.

4

تبادلنا أطراف الحديث حول مائدة العشاء.

We exchanged snatches of conversation around the dinner table.

Idiomatic expression 'atraf al-hadith'.

5

يتبادل النجوم الطاقة في الفضاء.

Stars exchange energy in space.

Scientific context.

6

تبادل الطلاب المبتعثون الثقافات.

The exchange students exchanged cultures.

Abstract noun 'cultures'.

7

يتبادل الشركاء الثقة والمسؤولية.

Partners exchange trust and responsibility.

Abstract nouns.

8

تبادل الخصمان التحية ببرود.

The two rivals exchanged greetings coldly.

Adverbial 'bi-burud'.

1

يتبادل الفلاسفة الحجج المنطقية لإثبات نظرياتهم.

Philosophers exchange logical arguments to prove their theories.

Academic register.

2

تبادل النظامان الاعتراف الدبلوماسي بعد عقود.

The two regimes exchanged diplomatic recognition after decades.

Political/Historical context.

3

يتبادل الأدباء التأثيرات الثقافية عبر العصور.

Writers exchange cultural influences across the ages.

Literary analysis.

4

تبادل الطرفان الأسرى في عملية معقدة.

The two sides exchanged prisoners in a complex operation.

Specific political term 'swapping prisoners'.

5

يتبادل الدماغ الإشارات العصبية بسرعة فائقة.

The brain exchanges neural signals with extreme speed.

Biological context.

6

تبادلنا الوعود بالبقاء أوفياء للقضية.

We exchanged promises to remain loyal to the cause.

Abstract commitment.

7

يتبادل المستثمرون الأسهم في البورصة العالمية.

Investors exchange stocks in the global stock market.

Financial register.

8

تبادل الشعراء القصائد في سوق عكاظ.

Poets exchanged poems in the Souq Okaz.

Historical/Cultural reference.

1

يتبادل الوجود والعدم الأدوار في فلسفة سارتر.

Being and nothingness exchange roles in Sartre's philosophy.

Highly abstract/Philosophical.

2

تبادل الطرفان المتعاقدان الالتزامات القانونية.

The two contracting parties exchanged legal obligations.

Legal terminology.

3

يتبادل الكون المادة والطاقة في دورة لا نهائية.

The universe exchanges matter and energy in an infinite cycle.

Cosmological context.

4

تبادل النقاد الآراء اللاذعة حول الرواية الجديدة.

Critics exchanged scathing opinions about the new novel.

Nuanced adjective 'lazia' (scathing).

5

يتبادل التاريخ والأسطورة الحقائق في الذاكرة الجمعية.

History and myth exchange facts in the collective memory.

Sociological/Historical theory.

6

تبادل الزعماء برقيات التعزية إثر الكارثة.

Leaders exchanged telegrams of condolence following the disaster.

Formal diplomatic protocol.

7

يتبادل الصمت والضجيج السيطرة على المدينة المهجورة.

Silence and noise exchange control over the abandoned city.

Literary personification.

8

تبادلنا العهود الغليظة أمام المذبح.

We exchanged solemn covenants before the altar.

Archaic/Formal 'covenants'.

よく使う組み合わせ

تبادل الهدايا
تبادل الأفكار
تبادل إطلاق النار
تبادل الزيارات
تبادل الخبرات
تبادل النظرات
تبادل العملات
تبادل المراكز
تبادل الاتهامات
تبادل التحية

よく使うフレーズ

تبادل أطراف الحديث

برنامج تبادل طلابي

تبادل تجاري

تبادل ثقافي

بشكل متبادل

تبادل الأدوار

تبادل الوفاء

تبادل المنفعة

تبادل الأسرى

تبادل المعلومات

よく混同される語

يتبادل vs يستبدل

يتبادل vs يغير

يتبادل vs يبدل

慣用句と表現

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間違えやすい

يتبادل vs

يتبادل vs

يتبادل vs

يتبادل vs

يتبادل vs

文型パターン

使い方

nuance

Emphasizes the process of exchange rather than the result.

frequency

High in both MSA and Dialect.

よくある間違い
  • Using it with only one person as the subject without 'مع'.
  • Confusing it with 'بدّل' (to change/alter).
  • Misspelling the 'ta' prefix.
  • Using it for one-way giving.
  • Incorrectly applying it to changing clothes.

ヒント

Reciprocity

Always ensure there are two sides to the action.

Collocations

Learn it with 'الأفكار' (ideas) for academic use.

Etiquette

Use it to describe 'تبادل التحية' in social stories.

News

Look for it in headlines about diplomatic visits.

Professional

Use it for 'تبادل الخبرات' in your CV.

Style

Use the masdar 'تبادل' as a subject in formal sentences.

Fluency

Practice the 'yatabādal' rhythm.

Root

Connect it to 'بدل' (instead of).

Avoid

Don't use it for 'changing' your mind.

Global

Think of 'Cultural Exchange' (تبادل ثقافي).

暗記しよう

語源

Arabic root B-D-L

文化的な背景

Exchanging 'Salam' is a religious sunnah.

Exchange of gifts is common in formal meetings.

Exchanging news is the first step of hospitality.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"هل يمكننا تبادل الأفكار حول هذا المشروع؟"

"متى يتبادل الناس الهدايا في بلدك؟"

"هل تحب تبادل الكتب مع أصدقائك؟"

"كيف يتبادل الناس التحية في الصباح؟"

"هل سبق لك أن تبادلت العملات في المطار؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن مرة تبادلت فيها شيئاً ثميناً مع شخص ما.

صف شعورك عندما تتبادل الهدايا مع عائلتك.

لماذا يعتبر تبادل الثقافات مهماً في العالم اليوم؟

اكتب حواراً بين شخصين يتبادلان الأسرار.

ما هي الأشياء التي لا يمكن تبادلها بالمال؟

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but 'يصرف' is more common for currency exchange. 'يتبادل' implies a swap between people.

Yes, though some dialects might use 'يغير' or 'يبدل' more frequently for simple swaps.

'مقايضة' is strictly bartering goods, while 'تبادل' is broader.

No, it requires another person/entity.

Yes, it is the standard phrase for a gunfight in news.

طالب تبادل (Talib tabadul).

Yes, like exchanging love or hatred.

Usually, yes, unless the context is clear.

Yes, it follows regular Form VI conjugation.

'يتناوب' is better for taking turns.

自分をテスト 180 問

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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