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επιταγή

C1 noun 8分で読める

επιταγή

check, mandate, or requirement

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'επιταγή' often, but you might see it in a bank or a shop. Think of it simply as a 'check' (money paper). You use it with simple verbs like 'έχω' (I have) or 'δίνω' (I give). For example: 'Έχω μια επιταγή.' (I have a check). It is a feminine word, so we say 'η επιταγή'. You don't need to worry about the 'moral mandate' meaning yet. Just remember it's a way to pay for things without using cash or cards. It's like a special piece of paper that counts as money. You might also hear it in a phrase like 'μπλοκ επιταγών' (checkbook). Keep it simple and focus on the physical object.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'επιταγή' in basic shopping or banking scenarios. You should know that it is a feminine noun and how to use it in the accusative case: 'Θέλω να εξαργυρώσω την επιταγή' (I want to cash the check). You might also learn that there are 'τραπεζικές επιταγές' (bank checks). You should be able to understand a sentence like 'Πληρώνω με επιταγή' (I pay by check). This is a good time to learn that 'επιταγή' is different from 'απόδειξη' (receipt). One is how you pay, the other is the paper you get after you pay. You are building the foundation for more complex financial vocabulary.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'επιταγή' in various business and everyday contexts. You should know common phrases like 'ακάλυπτη επιταγή' (a bounced check) and understand the concept of 'λευκή επιταγή' (blank check) in a metaphorical sense. You can now use the word in more complex sentences: 'Αν η επιταγή είναι ακάλυπτη, θα έχουμε πρόβλημα' (If the check is bounced, we will have a problem). You are starting to see that words in Greek can have both a literal and a slightly more abstract meaning. You should also be able to decline the word correctly in the plural: 'Οι επιταγές είναι στο γραφείο' (The checks are in the office).

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At the B2 level, you begin to explore the 'mandate' or 'requirement' meaning of 'επιταγή'. You will hear this in news reports or read it in articles about social issues. For example, 'η επιταγή της εποχής μας' (the mandate of our era). You should be able to discuss ethical duties using this word. You can use it to express strong necessity: 'Είναι επιταγή να προστατεύσουμε το περιβάλλον' (It is a mandate/requirement to protect the environment). You should also be familiar with more technical financial terms like 'οπισθογράφηση επιταγής' (endorsing a check). Your vocabulary is becoming more nuanced, allowing you to move between financial transactions and social responsibilities.

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At the C1 level, you master the full range of 'επιταγή'. You understand its etymological roots in 'command' and use it fluently in academic, legal, and political contexts. You can discuss the 'κατηγορική επιταγή' (categorical imperative) in philosophy or the 'συνταγματική επιταγή' (constitutional mandate) in law. You recognize the rhetorical power of the word to signify an unavoidable necessity. You can use phrases like 'ιστορική επιταγή' (historical mandate) to describe major shifts in society. You also understand the subtle difference between 'επιταγή', 'εντολή', and 'πρόσταγμα'. You use the word to add authority and precision to your speech and writing, reflecting a deep understanding of Greek culture and thought.

At the C2 level, you use 'επιταγή' with the precision of a native speaker in any professional or academic setting. You are aware of its historical evolution and can appreciate its use in high literature and complex legal statutes. You can write sophisticated essays on the 'ηθικές επιταγές' (moral mandates) of modern technology or the 'οικονομικές επιταγές' (economic requirements) of global markets. You understand the most obscure collocations and can play with the word's multiple meanings for rhetorical effect. For you, 'επιταγή' is not just a word, but a concept that encapsulates the tension between authority, duty, and transaction in the Greek language. You use it to navigate the highest levels of Greek intellectual life.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

επιταγή 30秒で

A feminine noun primarily meaning a financial check used for transactions and payments in banking.
A formal term for a mandate, command, or requirement imposed by law, society, or conscience.
Derived from the ancient Greek word for 'order' or 'command,' reflecting its authoritative nature.
Used in both everyday business contexts and high-level philosophical or political discussions.

The Greek word επιταγή (pronounced ep-it-a-YEE) is a multifaceted noun that carries significant weight in both financial and philosophical contexts. At its most literal and common level in modern daily life, it refers to a financial check—a written order to a bank to pay a specific sum from a person's account. However, as a CEFR C1 level word, its depth extends far beyond the banking teller's window. It derives from the ancient Greek verb επιτάσσω, which means to command, to order, or to impose a duty. Consequently, in formal, legal, and literary Greek, επιταγή signifies a mandate, a moral requirement, or a historical necessity that one is compelled to follow.

Financial Context: In commerce, it is the standard term for a check. You might hear about a 'blank check' (λευκή επιταγή), which is also used metaphorically to describe giving someone unlimited power or authority without conditions.
Moral/Philosophical Context: It refers to an inner command or a duty imposed by conscience or society. For instance, 'the mandate of the times' (επιταγή των καιρών) suggests that current circumstances demand a specific action or change.

Η πληρωμή έγινε μέσω τραπεζικής επιταγής για λόγους ασφαλείας.

When using this word, one must distinguish between the mundane and the profound. If you are at a bank, it is a piece of paper. If you are listening to a political speech or reading a philosophical treatise, it is a call to action or a foundational requirement of justice or history. The word carries an inherent sense of 'must'—whether that 'must' is backed by a bank account or by the weight of moral law.

Είναι ηθική επιταγή να βοηθήσουμε τους συνανθρώπους μας.

Legal Usage: In legal documents, an 'επιταγή προς πληρωμή' is a formal notice or order for payment, often the first step in enforcement proceedings.

Understanding the nuance of επιταγή requires recognizing the authority behind the order. Is it the bank, the law, the conscience, or history? This versatility is why it remains a staple of high-level Greek discourse. It bridges the gap between the material world of finance and the abstract world of ethics. For a learner, mastering this word means being able to navigate a business meeting as easily as a discussion on social responsibilities.

Η δημοκρατία αποτελεί επιταγή του συντάγματος.

Using επιταγή correctly involves understanding its grammatical behavior and the specific collocations that define its meaning. As a feminine noun ending in -ή, it follows the standard first declension pattern. In financial sentences, it often appears with verbs like 'εκδίδω' (to issue), 'εξαργυρώνω' (to cash), or 'οπισθογραφώ' (to endorse). In more abstract contexts, it pairs with verbs like 'υπακούω' (to obey) or 'ακολουθώ' (to follow).

Issuing a Check: When you write a check, you 'issue' it. Example: 'Ο διευθυντής εξέδωσε μια επιταγή χιλίων ευρώ.' (The manager issued a check for one thousand euros.)
Cashing a Check: To get the money, you 'cash' it. Example: 'Πρέπει να πάω στην τράπεζα να εξαργυρώσω την επιταγή.' (I must go to the bank to cash the check.)

Η επιταγή ήταν ακάλυπτη, οπότε η τράπεζα την απέρριψε.

In the abstract sense, the word often acts as a subject or a direct object of necessity. 'Η επιταγή της συνείδησης' (the mandate of conscience) is a common phrase. Here, the word functions as a powerful motivator. It is not just a suggestion; it is a requirement. If someone says, 'Ακολούθησα την επιταγή του καθήκοντος' (I followed the mandate of duty), they are emphasizing that they had no other choice but to act as they did.

Δεν μπορούμε να αγνοήσουμε τις επιταγές της νέας εποχής.

Metaphorical Use: The phrase 'λευκή επιταγή' is used when someone is given full freedom to act. 'Του έδωσαν λευκή επιταγή για τις προσλήψεις.' (They gave him a blank check for the hirings.)

Finally, consider the phrase 'επιταγή της ιστορίας' (the mandate of history). This is often used in social and political analysis to describe events that feel inevitable or required by the progression of time. It elevates the word from a mere transaction to a grand narrative necessity. When writing at a C1 level, using επιταγή in this way demonstrates a sophisticated command of Greek rhetorical style.

Η κοινωνική δικαιοσύνη είναι διαχρονική επιταγή.

You will encounter επιταγή in several distinct environments, each utilizing a different facet of its meaning. The most common place is in the financial and business news. Reporters often discuss 'ακάλυπτες επιταγές' (bounced checks) when reporting on economic crises or business failures. If you are in a Greek bank or dealing with a Greek business, you might still hear this word, although digital payments (εμβάσματα) are increasingly replacing physical checks.

News & Media: Journalists use 'επιταγή' when talking about government mandates or the 'mandate of the people' (λαϊκή επιταγή) following an election.
Legal Settings: Lawyers use it to refer to specific payment orders or legal requirements established by statutes.

Η κυβέρνηση έλαβε σαφή λαϊκή επιταγή για μεταρρυθμίσεις.

In academic and intellectual circles, the word is used to describe theoretical requirements. A philosophy professor might speak of the 'κατηγορική επιταγή' (categorical imperative) of Immanuel Kant, which is the Greek translation for this famous ethical concept. This illustrates how 'επιταγή' is the go-to word for any 'must-follow' rule or principle in a formal context.

Σύμφωνα με την επιταγή του Καντ, πρέπει να δρούμε ηθικά.

Literature: In classic Greek literature, authors use the word to describe the heavy weight of fate or social duty that characters must face.

In everyday informal speech, you might hear it less often than 'check' in English, simply because Greeks use cash or cards more frequently for small transactions. However, in any discussion involving significant sums of money—like buying a car or a house—the word 'επιταγή' will certainly come up. It remains a pillar of formal communication, signaling that what follows is an obligation that cannot be ignored.

Η προστασία του περιβάλλοντος είναι επιταγή για το μέλλον.

For English speakers, the primary mistake when using επιταγή is confusing it with other words related to money or orders. Because 'check' has multiple meanings in English (a financial check, a check-mark, to check something, the bill at a restaurant), learners often try to use 'επιταγή' in the wrong context. It is only the financial instrument or a mandate, never a bill or a verification.

Mistake: Using it for 'The Bill': In a restaurant, do not ask for the 'επιταγή'. Ask for the 'λογαριασμό' (logariasmo). Using 'επιταγή' would imply you want them to give you a check to cash!
Mistake: Using it as a Verb: To 'check' something (verify) is 'ελέγχω'. You cannot say 'θα επιταγήσω το λάδι'. You must say 'θα ελέγξω το λάδι'.

Λάθος: Μπορώ να έχω την επιταγή, παρακαλώ; (In a restaurant)

Another common error is gender and declension. Since it ends in -ή, it is feminine. Beginners sometimes treat it as masculine because 'check' is genderless in English. Always use 'η' and 'την'. Also, be careful with the word 'απόδειξη' (receipt). A receipt is what you get after you pay; an 'επιταγή' is a method of payment itself.

Σωστό: Πλήρωσα με επιταγή και πήρα την απόδειξη.

Prepositional Mistakes: We say 'με επιταγή' (by check) or 'μέσω επιταγής' (via check). Using 'από επιταγή' is usually incorrect unless you mean 'originating from a check'.

Finally, when using the word in its 'mandate' sense, ensure the tone is appropriate. Calling a simple request an 'επιταγή' can sound overly dramatic or bossy. Save the 'mandate' meaning for serious moral, legal, or historical discussions. If you just want to say someone told you to do something, use 'εντολή' or 'παραγγελία' instead.

Η επιταγή του νόμου είναι σαφής και αυστηρή.

To truly master επιταγή, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Depending on whether you are using the financial or the mandatory sense, different alternatives might be more appropriate. In finance, 'επιταγή' stands alongside 'συναλλαγματική' (bill of exchange) and 'γραμμάτιο' (promissory note). While an 'επιταγή' is usually payable on demand at a bank, a 'συναλλαγματική' is often a credit instrument between businesses.

Επιταγή vs. Εντολή: An 'εντολή' is a general order or instruction. An 'επιταγή' is a much stronger, often formal or moral requirement. You follow an 'εντολή' from your boss, but you obey an 'επιταγή' of your conscience.
Επιταγή vs. Πρόσταγμα: 'Πρόσταγμα' (command) is more military or authoritarian. 'Επιταγή' often implies a more abstract or systemic necessity (like the mandate of the times).

Η επιταγή της συνείδησης υπερβαίνει κάθε ανθρώπινη εντολή.

In the context of 'requirements,' you might also consider 'προϋπόθεση' (precondition) or 'απαίτηση' (requirement/demand). However, 'επιταγή' suggests that the requirement is imposed by an external or higher force. For example, 'η επιταγή της μόδας' (the mandate of fashion) implies that fashion forces people to behave in a certain way, whereas 'απαίτηση της μόδας' might just sound like a specific rule.

Αντί για μετρητά, δέχονται και τραπεζικές επιταγές.

Επιταγή vs. Καθήκον: 'Καθήκον' is 'duty'. 'Επιταγή' is the 'command' that creates the duty. They are often used together: 'Είναι επιταγή του καθήκοντος' (It is a mandate of duty).

By learning these distinctions, you can choose the word that provides the exact level of authority and formality you intend. 'Επιταγή' is your power word for non-negotiable requirements, whether they are financial, legal, or moral. It is a word that demands respect and signals that the speaker is dealing with serious matters.

Η επιταγή για διαφάνεια είναι καθολική απαίτηση.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

ニュートラル

カジュアル

Child friendly

スラング

豆知識

While the 'financial check' meaning is a modern development influenced by European banking terms, the 'moral command' meaning has been consistent for over 2,500 years.

発音ガイド

UK /e.pi.taˈʝi/

US /ɛ.pi.tɑˈʝi/

The stress is on the final syllable: e-pi-ta-YEE.

韻が合う語

εξαγωγή (export) παραγωγή (production) προσοχή (attention) εποχή (era) ψυχή (soul) βροχή (rain) αρχή (beginning) πηγή (source)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'γ' as a hard 'g' like in 'go'.
Stressing the second syllable (e-PI-ta-yi) instead of the last.
Confusing the 'η' sound with 'ay' as in 'day'.
Making the 'p' sound too aspirated.
Failing to pronounce the 'i' sounds clearly.

難易度

読解 4/5

Easy to recognize in financial texts, but requires context to distinguish between literal and abstract meanings.

ライティング 7/5

Requires knowledge of specific financial verbs like 'εκδίδω' or 'εξαργυρώνω'.

スピーキング 6/5

The 'gh' sound (γ) and the final stress can be tricky for English speakers.

リスニング 5/5

Clearly audible in news and formal speeches.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

τράπεζα χρήματα πληρώνω εντολή υπογραφή

次に学ぶ

συναλλαγματική ισολογισμός πίστωση χρέος καθήκον

上級

οντολογία δεοντολογία επιτακτικός επίταξη

知っておくべき文法

Feminine nouns in -ή

η επιταγή, της επιταγής, την επιταγή, οι επιταγές

Dative-like Genitive

Υπακούω στην επιταγή (Modern) vs Υπακούω της επιταγής (Archaic style)

Compound nouns with Genitive

Μπλοκ επιταγών (The block of checks)

Adjective Agreement

Ηθική επιταγή (Feminine singular agreement)

Passive Participles as Adjectives

Ακάλυπτη επιταγή (Uncovered/Bounced check)

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レベル別の例文

Έχω μία επιταγή.

I have one check.

Feminine singular noun.

Πού είναι η επιταγή μου;

Where is my check?

Nominative case.

Η επιταγή είναι στο τραπέζι.

The check is on the table.

Subject of the sentence.

Δίνω την επιταγή στην τράπεζα.

I give the check to the bank.

Accusative case.

Είναι μία μεγάλη επιταγή.

It is a big check.

Adjective-noun agreement.

Θέλω μία επιταγή, παρακαλώ.

I want a check, please.

Direct object.

Η επιταγή είναι για σένα.

The check is for you.

Prepositional phrase.

Δεν έχω επιταγή σήμερα.

I don't have a check today.

Negation with noun.

Μπορώ να πληρώσω με επιταγή;

Can I pay by check?

Instrumental use of 'με'.

Η τράπεζα δέχεται αυτή την επιταγή.

The bank accepts this check.

Third person singular verb.

Πρέπει να υπογράψεις την επιταγή.

You must sign the check.

Infinitive-like construction with 'να'.

Πόσα χρήματα έχει η επιταγή;

How much money does the check have (is it for)?

Interrogative sentence.

Πήρα μια επιταγή από τον πατέρα μου.

I got a check from my father.

Preposition 'από'.

Χρειάζομαι ένα νέο μπλοκ επιταγών.

I need a new checkbook.

Genitive plural 'επιταγών'.

Η επιταγή είναι για το ενοίκιο.

The check is for the rent.

Purpose of the noun.

Η ημερομηνία στην επιταγή είναι λάθος.

The date on the check is wrong.

Locative sense.

Η επιταγή ήταν ακάλυπτη και θύμωσα.

The check was bounced (uncovered) and I got angry.

Adjective 'ακάλυπτη' (bounced).

Θα εξαργυρώσω την επιταγή αύριο το πρωί.

I will cash the check tomorrow morning.

Future tense with 'θα'.

Μου έδωσε λευκή επιταγή για το έργο.

He gave me a blank check for the project.

Idiomatic use.

Οι επιταγές πρέπει να είναι οπισθογραφημένες.

The checks must be endorsed.

Passive participle.

Ξέχασα να πάρω το μπλοκ επιταγών μαζί μου.

I forgot to take the checkbook with me.

Compound noun phrase.

Η τραπεζική επιταγή είναι πιο σίγουρη.

The bank check is more secure.

Comparative degree.

Κράτησε την επιταγή ως εγγύηση.

Keep the check as a guarantee.

Use of 'ως' (as).

Δεν δέχονται πια επιταγές σε αυτό το κατάστημα.

They no longer accept checks in this store.

Plural direct object.

Η προστασία των παιδιών είναι κοινωνική επιταγή.

The protection of children is a social mandate.

Abstract usage.

Πρέπει να ακολουθήσουμε τις επιταγές της επιστήμης.

We must follow the mandates of science.

Plural abstract noun.

Η κυβέρνηση αγνόησε τη λαϊκή επιταγή.

The government ignored the popular mandate.

Political context.

Η ηθική επιταγή μας αναγκάζει να πούμε την αλήθεια.

The moral mandate forces us to tell the truth.

Personification of the mandate.

Η επιταγή για αλλαγή είναι πλέον φανερή.

The mandate for change is now evident.

Noun with prepositional complement.

Εξέδωσε μια μεταχρονολογημένη επιταγή για τον επόμενο μήνα.

He issued a post-dated check for next month.

Technical financial term.

Η δικαιοσύνη είναι διαχρονική επιταγή κάθε κοινωνίας.

Justice is a timeless mandate of every society.

Formal philosophical use.

Δεν μπορούμε να λειτουργούμε χωρίς σαφείς επιταγές.

We cannot function without clear mandates/orders.

Negative necessity.

Η κατηγορική επιταγή του Καντ αποτελεί βάση της ηθικής.

Kant's categorical imperative is a basis of ethics.

Philosophical terminology.

Η ιστορική επιταγή οδήγησε στην επανάσταση.

The historical mandate led to the revolution.

Historical necessity.

Υπάκουσε στην εσωτερική επιταγή της συνείδησής του.

He obeyed the internal mandate of his conscience.

Intransitive verb with dative-like genitive.

Η συνταγματική επιταγή επιβάλλει το σεβασμό των δικαιωμάτων.

The constitutional mandate imposes respect for rights.

Legal authority.

Η επιταγή της παγκοσμιοποίησης μεταβάλλει τις τοπικές αγορές.

The mandate of globalization is altering local markets.

Socio-economic context.

Δεν πρόκειται για απλή εισήγηση, αλλά για επιταγή.

It is not a simple suggestion, but a mandate.

Contrastive structure.

Η επιταγή προς πληρωμή κοινοποιήθηκε στον οφειλέτη.

The order for payment was served to the debtor.

Passive voice in legal Greek.

Αντιδρούμε στις επιταγές του αυταρχισμού.

We react to the mandates of authoritarianism.

Resistance to authority.

Η οντολογική επιταγή της ύπαρξης αναζητά νόημα.

The ontological mandate of existence seeks meaning.

High-level abstract philosophy.

Η επιταγή του κέρδους συχνά συγκρούεται με την ηθική.

The mandate of profit often conflicts with ethics.

Complex social critique.

Το έργο του είναι μια διαρκής επιταγή για εγρήγορση.

His work is a constant mandate for vigilance.

Literary analysis.

Η επιταγή της φύσης είναι η επιβίωση του είδους.

The mandate of nature is the survival of the species.

Biological necessity.

Η νομοθετική επιταγή πρέπει να ερμηνεύεται στενά.

The legislative mandate must be interpreted strictly.

Legal hermeneutics.

Η επιταγή της αισθητικής αρτιότητας διέπει την τέχνη του.

The mandate of aesthetic perfection governs his art.

Artistic theory.

Κάθε πολιτική πράξη οφείλει να εναρμονίζεται με την επιταγή του δικαίου.

Every political act must harmonize with the mandate of justice.

Formal political philosophy.

Η επιταγή της μνήμης μας καλεί να μην ξεχάσουμε το παρελθόν.

The mandate of memory calls us not to forget the past.

Collective responsibility.

よく使う組み合わせ

λευκή επιταγή

ακάλυπτη επιταγή

τραπεζική επιταγή

επιταγή της συνείδησης

ιστορική επιταγή

μπλοκ επιταγών

εξαργύρωση επιταγής

μεταχρονολογημένη επιταγή

συνταγματική επιταγή

επιταγή προς πληρωμή

よく使うフレーズ

εκδίδω επιταγή

οπισθογραφώ επιταγή

ακυρώνω επιταγή

επιταγή των καιρών

κοινωνική επιταγή

ηθική επιταγή

διατακτική επιταγή

επιταγή του λαού

κατηγορική επιταγή

πληρωμή με επιταγή

よく混同される語

επιταγή vs απόδειξη

A receipt (given after payment), whereas a check is the payment itself.

επιταγή vs λογαριασμός

The bill at a restaurant. English speakers often say 'check' for the bill, but Greeks never use 'επιταγή' for this.

επιταγή vs έλεγχος

The act of checking/verifying. 'Επιταγή' is never a verb meaning 'to check'.

慣用句と表現

"δίνω λευκή επιταγή"

To give someone full authority or freedom to act as they wish.

Του έδωσαν λευκή επιταγή για την ταινία.

Informal/Neutral

"ακάλυπτη επιταγή"

Literally a bounced check; metaphorically a promise that cannot be kept.

Οι υποσχέσεις του ήταν ακάλυπτες επιταγές.

Neutral/Metaphorical

"επιταγή χωρίς αντίκρισμα"

Same as 'ακάλυπτη επιταγή', emphasizing the lack of value/backing.

Μας έδωσαν ελπίδες χωρίς αντίκρισμα.

Formal

"υπακούω στις επιταγές"

To strictly follow the rules or requirements of something.

Υπακούει στις επιταγές της μόδας.

Neutral

"γράφω επιταγή που δεν μπορείς να εξαργυρώσεις"

To make a promise or a threat you cannot fulfill.

Μην γράφεις επιταγές που δεν μπορείς να εξαργυρώσεις.

Informal

"η επιταγή της μοίρας"

The command of fate; what was meant to happen.

Ήταν η επιταγή της μοίρας να συναντηθούμε.

Literary

"επιταγή της συνείδησης"

The inner voice that dictates what is right.

Η επιταγή της συνείδησης είναι ο μόνος κριτής.

Formal

"επιταγή του καθήκοντος"

The requirement of one's duty.

Έδρασε σύμφωνα με την επιταγή του καθήκοντος.

Formal

"επιταγή της στιγμής"

A requirement or impulse dictated by the current moment.

Παρασύρθηκε από την επιταγή της στιγμής.

Neutral

"επιταγή της ιστορίας"

A historical necessity or inevitable development.

Η πτώση του τείχους ήταν επιταγή της ιστορίας.

Formal

間違えやすい

επιταγή vs επίταξη

Sounds similar and shares the same root.

Επίταξη means 'requisitioning' (e.g., the state taking property during an emergency), while επιταγή is a check or mandate.

Η επίταξη των πλοίων έγινε κατά τον πόλεμο.

επιταγή vs εντολή

Both mean 'order'.

Εντολή is a general instruction; επιταγή is a formal instrument or a deep moral requirement.

Μου έδωσε εντολή να κλείσω την πόρτα.

επιταγή vs πρόσταγμα

Both mean 'command'.

Πρόσταγμα is more direct and authoritarian (often military); επιταγή is often more abstract or legal.

Το πρόσταγμα του λοχαγού.

επιταγή vs διαταγή

Both mean 'order'.

Διαταγή is a formal command from a superior. Επιταγή is more of a systemic or moral necessity.

Η διαταγή του δικαστηρίου.

επιταγή vs παραγγελία

Both can mean 'order'.

Παραγγελία is used for ordering coffee or goods. Επιταγή is for paying or for high-level mandates.

Η παραγγελία μου άργησε.

文型パターン

Έχω [noun].

Έχω μια επιταγή.

Πληρώνω με [noun].

Πληρώνω με επιταγή.

Η [noun] είναι [adjective].

Η επιταγή είναι ακάλυπτη.

Είναι [adjective] επιταγή να [verb].

Είναι ηθική επιταγή να βοηθάμε.

Ακολουθώ την επιταγή του/της [noun].

Ακολουθώ την επιταγή της συνείδησης.

Σύμφωνα με την [adjective] επιταγή...

Σύμφωνα με τη συνταγματική επιταγή...

Η [noun] αποτελεί [adjective] επιταγή.

Η ειρήνη αποτελεί παγκόσμια επιταγή.

Υπακούοντας στις επιταγές του/της [noun]...

Υπακούοντας στις επιταγές της ιστορίας...

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in financial and formal/literary contexts; less common in daily casual speech compared to 'cash' or 'card'.

よくある間違い

Asking for 'την επιταγή' in a restaurant. → Μπορώ να έχω τον λογαριασμό;
In English, 'check' means the bill. In Greek, 'επιταγή' means a bank check. Use 'λογαριασμό' for the bill.
Using 'επιταγή' as a verb: 'Θα επιταγήσω το μέιλ μου'. → Θα ελέγξω το μέιλ μου.
'Επιταγή' is a noun. Use the verb 'ελέγχω' for the action of checking or verifying.
Saying 'ο επιταγής' (masculine). → η επιταγή (feminine).
The word is feminine. All articles and adjectives must agree with its feminine gender.
Confusing 'επιταγή' with 'απόδειξη'. → Πλήρωσα με επιταγή και πήρα απόδειξη.
An 'επιταγή' is a way to pay; an 'απόδειξη' is the receipt the store gives you as proof of payment.
Using 'επιταγή' for a simple request. → Μου έδωσε την εντολή/παραγγελία.
'Επιταγή' is a very strong word (mandate). For simple daily orders, use 'εντολή' or 'παραγγελία'.

ヒント

Gender Check

Always remember 'επιταγή' is feminine. Use 'μια' and 'την' instead of 'ένας' and 'τον'. It's a common slip-up for learners!

Don't Check the Oil

Never use 'επιταγή' as a verb. To check your oil or your email, use 'ελέγχω'. 'Επιταγή' is a thing you hold or a rule you follow.

Political Power

When you hear 'λαϊκή επιταγή' on Greek TV, it means the speaker is claiming the people gave them a clear mandate to rule.

Blank Authority

Use 'λευκή επιταγή' in your writing to describe someone getting too much power. It's a high-level C1 expression that sounds very natural.

Bounced!

Learn 'ακάλυπτη επιταγή'. It's the most common financial collocation you'll hear in business news.

Endorsing

If you work in a Greek office, you might need to 'οπισθογραφήσεις' (endorse) an 'επιταγή'. It literally means 'to write on the back'.

Kantian Ethics

If you study philosophy in Greek, 'Κατηγορική Επιταγή' is a must-know term for the Categorical Imperative.

Mandate of the Times

The phrase 'επιταγή των καιρών' is great for essays about why society needs to change (e.g., 'Digitalization is an επιταγή των καιρών').

Order to Pay

In legal Greek, an 'επιταγή προς πληρωμή' is a serious document. Don't ignore it if you see it in a contract!

Stress the End

The stress is at the very end. Say it like 'ep-it-a-YEE'. If you stress the middle, people might not understand you.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of an 'Epic Task' (Επι-ταγή) that you are 'Ordered' to do, or a 'Check' that is 'Epic' because it pays for everything.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant check (επιταγή) with a crown on it, representing both money and a royal command (mandate).

Word Web

Τράπεζα Χρήματα Εντολή Συνείδηση Νόμος Υπογραφή Πληρωμή Καθήκον

チャレンジ

Try to use 'επιταγή' in two sentences today: one about a bank and one about a moral duty.

語源

From the Ancient Greek word 'ἐπιταγή' (epitagē), which is derived from the verb 'ἐπιτάσσω' (epitassō). The verb is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi - upon/over) and 'τάσσω' (tassō - to arrange/order).

元の意味： In Ancient Greek, it primarily meant a command, order, or injunction given by a superior to an inferior.

Indo-European > Hellenic > Greek.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'επιταγή' in a moral sense; it can sound very authoritative or even dogmatic if used in casual conversation.

English speakers use 'check' for many things (verify, restaurant bill, tick mark), but in Greek, 'επιταγή' is strictly the payment paper or a mandate. Don't use it for 'checking' your email!

Η Κατηγορική Επιταγή (The Categorical Imperative) - Immanuel Kant. Λευκή Επιταγή (Blank Check) - Common political metaphor in Greek media. Ακάλυπτη Επιταγή (Bounced Check) - A common theme in Greek social drama films.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Banking

Θέλω να εξαργυρώσω μια επιταγή.
Είναι η επιταγή τραπεζική;
Χρειάζομαι μπλοκ επιταγών.
Η επιταγή έληξε.

Ethics

Ηθική επιταγή.
Η επιταγή της συνείδησης.
Υπακούω στις επιταγές του καθήκοντος.
Είναι εσωτερική επιταγή.

Politics

Λαϊκή επιταγή.
Συνταγματική επιταγή.
Η επιταγή των καιρών.
Λευκή επιταγή από τους ψηφοφόρους.

Business

Μεταχρονολογημένη επιταγή.
Ακάλυπτη επιταγή.
Οπισθογράφηση επιταγής.
Πληρωμή μέσω επιταγής.

Philosophy

Κατηγορική επιταγή.
Η επιταγή του λόγου.
Παγκόσμια επιταγή.
Ηθικός νόμος και επιταγή.

会話のきっかけ

"Δέχεστε πληρωμή με επιταγή ή μόνο με κάρτα;"

"Πιστεύετε ότι η προστασία του κλίματος είναι η σημαντικότερη επιταγή της εποχής μας;"

"Σας έχουν δώσει ποτέ λευκή επιταγή σε μια δουλειά;"

"Τι κάνετε αν μια επιταγή που λάβατε είναι ακάλυπτη;"

"Ποια είναι η σημαντικότερη ηθική επιταγή που ακολουθείτε στη ζωή σας;"

日記のテーマ

Γράψτε για μια φορά που έπρεπε να ακολουθήσετε την επιταγή της συνείδησής σας παρά τις δυσκολίες.

Περιγράψτε τη σημασία της 'λαϊκής επιταγής' σε μια δημοκρατική κοινωνία.

Πώς έχουν αλλάξει οι ψηφιακές πληρωμές τη χρήση της τραπεζικής επιταγής;

Αναλύστε την έννοια της 'κατηγορικής επιταγής' με δικά σας λόγια.

Τι σημαίνει για εσάς η φράση 'λευκή επιταγή' στις προσωπικές σχέσεις;

よくある質問

10 問

No. In a restaurant, you should ask for the 'λογαριασμό' (logariasmo). Using 'επιταγή' would mean you are asking for a bank check, which would confuse the waiter. This is a common mistake for English speakers because of the word 'check' in American English.

It is a 'bounced check'. It means the person who wrote the check does not have enough money in their bank account to cover the amount. In Greece, issuing an 'ακάλυπτη επιταγή' can have serious legal consequences, including fines or imprisonment.

No, 'επιταγή' is strictly a noun. If you want to say 'to check' (verify), use the verb 'ελέγχω'. If you want to say 'to order/command', use the verb 'επιτάσσω' or 'διατάζω'.

It means 'blank check'—giving someone complete freedom or unlimited authority to do something without any restrictions or conditions. It's often used in politics when a leader is given power without a specific plan.

You say 'Πληρώνω με επιταγή'. The preposition 'με' is used here to indicate the means of payment. You could also say 'μέσω επιταγής' in more formal business contexts.

The financial use is decreasing because of e-banking and credit cards, but it is still used in large business transactions. The 'moral mandate' use is very common in journalism, politics, and academic writing.

It is 'Η Κατηγορική Επιταγή'. This is the standard translation for Immanuel Kant's ethical principle. It shows how the word is used for the highest level of moral law.

It is a feminine word (η επιταγή). This is important for adjective agreement, such as 'τραπεζική επιταγή' or 'μεγάλη επιταγή'.

It is a 'post-dated check'. This is a check written with a future date, meaning it cannot be cashed until that date arrives. This was a very common way to provide credit in the Greek market.

Usually, 'απαίτηση' or 'προσόν' is used for job requirements. 'Επιταγή' would only be used if the requirement is seen as a very strong, almost moral or legal necessity (e.g., 'η επιταγή για διαφάνεια').

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