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B1 noun #4,000 よく出る 9分で読める

انقلاب

enghelab 上位4,000

練習する例文メモとヒント انقلاب 30秒で

解説 انقلاب in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Enqelāb' means 'Revolution'. You might see it on signs in Iran, like 'Meydan-e Enqelab' (Enqelab Square). It is a big word for big changes. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet. Just remember it is a noun. For example: 'Enqelab bozorg ast' (The revolution is big). At this stage, think of it as a name for a famous historical event or a place in the city. You might hear it in very simple history lessons. It is important because it is a very common word in Iranian culture. You can associate it with the color red or the idea of a big crowd. Don't worry about the grammar or the root of the word yet. Just recognize the sound: En-qe-lāb. It rhymes with 'Āb' (water) and 'Ketāb' (book). If you can recognize it in a sentence about history, you are doing great!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'Enqelāb' in simple sentences with verbs like 'budan' (to be) or 'shodan' (to become). You should know that it refers to a very important change in a country. You can say 'Dar Iran enqelab shod' (A revolution happened in Iran). You can also use it to describe things you like, metaphorically, though it's rare at this level. You should be able to identify 'Enqelab-e San'ati' (Industrial Revolution) in a text. You are beginning to understand that this word isn't just about history but about 'big change'. You might learn the adjective 'Enqelābi' which means 'revolutionary'. For example, 'U yek mard-e enqelābi ast' (He is a revolutionary man). You should also know that 'Meydan-e Enqelab' is a place where people buy books. This connects the word to 'Ketāb' (book) in your mind. Practice saying the word clearly, focusing on the 'q' sound in the middle.

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As a B1 learner, you should understand the deeper meaning of 'Enqelāb' as a 'turning' or 'transformation'. You can use it to talk about different types of revolutions: political, scientific, and social. You should be able to use prepositions like 'dar' (in) or 'barāye' (for) with it. For example: 'Enqelab dar teb' (Revolution in medicine). You should also understand the difference between 'Enqelāb' and 'Taghyir' (change). You can participate in basic discussions about history or technology using this word. You should know common phrases like 'Piruzy-e Enqelab' (Victory of the Revolution). Your sentences can be longer: 'In gooshi-ye jadid yek enqelab dar donyā-ye ertebātāt bud' (This new phone was a revolution in the world of communications). You are now aware of the Arabic root 'q-l-b' and how it relates to 'turning over'. You can also use the word in the plural form 'Enqelāb-hā' correctly.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'Enqelāb' in academic and formal contexts. You can discuss the causes and effects of a revolution using complex grammar. You should understand the nuance between 'Enqelāb' and 'Eslāh' (reform) and be able to argue for one or the other. You can use idiomatic expressions or more sophisticated collocations like 'Enqelab-e doru-ni' (internal revolution). You should be able to read news articles or watch documentaries about revolutions and understand the specific terminology used, such as 'Zidd-e Enqelab' (counter-revolution) or 'Enqelab-e Farhangi' (Cultural Revolution). Your pronunciation should be near-native, especially the 'q' and the 'ā' sounds. You can write short essays about the impact of the Industrial Revolution on modern society using 'Enqelāb' as a central theme. You understand that the word can have both positive and negative connotations depending on the speaker's perspective.

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At the C1 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'Enqelāb' and its sociopolitical implications. You can use it metaphorically in literature or high-level journalism. You understand the historical baggage of the word in Iran and can navigate sensitive conversations using it. You can differentiate between 'Enqelāb', 'Qiyām' (uprising), 'Kudetā' (coup), and 'Ashub' (riot) with precision. You can use the word in complex sentence structures, such as: 'Enqelābi ke ba'zi dāneshmandān az ān harf mizanand, shāyad hargez rokh nadahad' (The revolution that some scientists talk about might never occur). You are familiar with the plural 'Enqelābāt' and when it is appropriate to use it. You can analyze the rhetoric of revolutionary speeches and understand how the word is used to mobilize people. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'Enqelāb-setiz' (anti-revolutionary) or 'Pish-enqelāb' (pre-revolution).

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of the word 'Enqelāb'. You can use it in philosophical debates about the nature of change and the 'turning' of the soul or state. You understand the etymological connection to 'Qalb' (heart) and 'Maqlub' (inverted) and can use these connections in creative writing or academic research. You can interpret the most complex classical and modern texts that use the word, understanding every subtle shade of meaning and historical reference. You can speak about 'Enqelāb' with the same level of nuance as a native scholar, discussing its role in the Hegelian dialectic or its specific meaning in Islamic philosophy (e.g., 'Enqelab-e Johari'). You are capable of using the word to describe the most abstract concepts of systemic shift, and you can switch between formal, informal, and academic registers effortlessly. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for deep conceptual analysis.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

انقلاب 30秒で

Enqelab means revolution or radical change.
It comes from the root q-l-b meaning to turn over.
Used for politics, science, industry, and personal growth.
Central to Iranian history and culture.

The Persian word انقلاب (Enqelāb) is a powerful and multi-faceted noun that primarily translates to 'revolution' in English. Rooted in the Arabic triliteral root q-l-b (ق-ل-ب), which signifies the act of turning, flipping, or transforming, the word literally represents a state where things have been turned upside down. In the context of Persian history and society, this word carries immense weight, often immediately evoking the 1979 Islamic Revolution. However, its usage extends far beyond political upheaval. It is used to describe radical shifts in science, industry, thought, and even personal development. When a Persian speaker says 'Enqelāb', they are describing a transition that is not merely incremental but fundamental and systemic. It is the replacement of an old paradigm with an entirely new one.

Political Revolution: The most common usage refers to the forcible overthrow of a government or social order. For example, 'انقلاب فرانسه' (The French Revolution) or 'انقلاب مشروطه' (The Constitutional Revolution of Iran). It implies a collective movement that changes the sovereignty of a nation.

Scientific and Industrial Shifts: In academic and historical contexts, it describes major technological leaps. 'انقلاب صنعتی' (The Industrial Revolution) transformed how humans produce goods, while 'انقلاب علمی' (The Scientific Revolution) changed our understanding of the universe.

Metaphorical and Personal Change: Persian speakers often use 'Enqelāb' to describe a profound internal change. 'انقلاب درونی' (internal revolution) refers to a spiritual or psychological awakening that completely alters one's perspective on life.

این اختراع جدید باعث یک انقلاب در صنعت پزشکی شد.

Translation: This new invention caused a revolution in the medical industry.

مردم برای رسیدن به آزادی، دست به انقلاب زدند.

Translation: The people staged a revolution to achieve freedom.

او در افکار خود دچار یک انقلاب بزرگ شده است.

Translation: He has undergone a great revolution in his thoughts.

تاریخ بشر پر از انقلاب‌های مختلف است.

Translation: Human history is full of various revolutions.

ما به دنبال یک انقلاب در سیستم آموزشی هستیم.

Translation: We are looking for a revolution in the educational system.

Using 'Enqelāb' correctly requires understanding its intensity. It is not a word for minor changes or reforms (which would be 'Eslāh'). It is a word for the total transformation of a structure. Whether you are discussing the 'Green Revolution' in agriculture or a 'Cultural Revolution', 'Enqelāb' signals a point of no return where the old way of being is discarded for something entirely different. In modern Iranian discourse, it is a word loaded with political history, but in a broader sense, it remains the ultimate term for progress and radical change.

Mastering the use of انقلاب (Enqelāb) involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the verbs it typically pairs with. In Persian, nouns like 'Enqelāb' often function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a light verb construction. The most common verb associated with 'Enqelāb' is shodan (to become) or rokh dādan (to happen/occur). When someone initiates a revolution, the verb kardan (to do) or be rāh andākhtan (to set in motion) is used. Understanding these pairings is essential for achieving B1 proficiency and beyond.

As a Subject: When 'Enqelāb' is the subject, it often describes the effects of change. 'انقلاب باعث تغییرات زیادی شد' (The revolution caused many changes). Here, the noun is the driver of the action.

With Prepositions: The preposition 'در' (in) is frequently used to specify the field of revolution: 'انقلاب در هوش مصنوعی' (A revolution in Artificial Intelligence). The preposition 'علیه' (against) is used for political contexts: 'انقلاب علیه ظلم' (Revolution against oppression).

Compound Nouns: Persian uses the 'Ezafe' construction to link 'Enqelāb' with descriptors. 'انقلابِ بزرگ' (Great revolution), 'انقلابِ خونین' (Bloody revolution), or 'انقلابِ آرام' (Peaceful revolution).

دانشمندان به دنبال ایجاد یک انقلاب علمی هستند.

Translation: Scientists are looking to create a scientific revolution.

پس از انقلاب، قوانین کشور تغییر کرد.

Translation: After the revolution, the laws of the country changed.

آیا این تکنولوژی یک انقلاب است یا فقط یک پیشرفت ساده؟

Translation: Is this technology a revolution or just a simple advancement?

When writing, remember that 'Enqelāb' is a definitive state. If you want to say 'revolutionary' (the adjective), you add the suffix '-i' to get 'Enqelābi' (انقلابی). For example, 'یک رهبر انقلابی' (A revolutionary leader). In complex sentences, 'Enqelāb' can be modified by relative clauses to provide more detail about its nature or timing. For instance, 'انقلابی که در سال گذشته رخ داد، هنوز ادامه دارد' (The revolution that occurred last year is still ongoing). By paying attention to these structural patterns, you can use 'Enqelāb' to express both historical facts and abstract concepts of change with precision.

In contemporary Iran and Persian-speaking communities, انقلاب (Enqelāb) is a word that echoes through various sectors of daily life. From the evening news to university hallways, its presence is constant, though its meaning shifts slightly depending on the environment. Understanding these contexts will help you interpret the word correctly when you hear it in the wild.

In the News and Media: Broadcasters frequently use 'Enqelāb' when discussing global events. You will hear phrases like 'انقلاب‌های بهار عربی' (Arab Spring revolutions) or reports on anniversaries of the Iranian revolution. In this context, it is formal and carries a sense of historical significance.

In Tehran's Urban Geography: If you are in Tehran, you will hear 'Enqelāb' dozens of times a day as a destination. Taxi drivers shout 'Enqelāb! Enqelāb!' to find passengers going to Enqelab Square. Here, the word loses its political weight and becomes a simple geographical marker.

In Academic and Intellectual Circles: Among students and professors, 'Enqelāb' is often used to discuss paradigm shifts. You might hear about an 'انقلاب در فلسفه' (revolution in philosophy) or 'انقلاب دیجیتال' (digital revolution). It signifies a break from tradition.

ببخشید، این اتوبوس به سمت میدان انقلاب می‌رود؟

Translation: Excuse me, does this bus go towards Enqelab Square?

اخبار امروز درباره انقلاب‌های اخیر در منطقه بود.

Translation: Today's news was about the recent revolutions in the region.

Furthermore, in religious or revolutionary rhetoric within Iran, the word 'Enqelāb' is often used as a qualifier for loyalty or ideology. Terms like 'نیروهای انقلابی' (revolutionary forces) or 'ارزش‌های انقلاب' (values of the revolution) are common in official speeches. Conversely, in the tech world, Iranian startups often speak of 'انقلاب در بازار' (revolution in the market). Whether it's the roar of a protest, the quiet study of a historian, or the practical directions of a commuter, 'Enqelāb' is a word that defines the past, present, and future of the Persian-speaking world.

While انقلاب (Enqelāb) is a common word, English speakers and Persian learners often make specific errors in its application, nuance, and grammar. Because 'revolution' in English can sometimes be used lightly, learners might over-apply it in Persian where other words are more appropriate. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Persian sound more natural and precise.

Confusing Revolution with Reform: A major mistake is using 'Enqelāb' when you mean 'Eslāh' (reform). In Persian, these are often seen as opposites. An 'Enqelāb' is a total tear-down, while 'Eslāh' is an improvement within the existing system. Using them interchangeably can lead to serious misunderstandings in political or social discussions.

Mixing up Revolution and Evolution: Learners sometimes confuse 'Enqelāb' with 'Takāmol' (evolution) or 'Tahavvol' (transformation). While all three involve change, 'Enqelāb' is sudden and radical. 'Takāmol' is gradual and biological or systemic development. 'Tahavvol' is a more neutral term for significant change that doesn't necessarily involve an overthrow.

Incorrect Verb Choice: Using 'Enqelāb kardan' for things that happen naturally. You usually 'Enqelāb mikonid' (do a revolution) if you are an agent of change, but a revolution 'rokh midahad' (occurs) as an event. Saying 'هوا انقلاب کرد' (the weather revolutionized) is incorrect; you should use 'tahavvol' or 'taghyir' for such changes.

اشتباه: ما به دنبال انقلاب در قیمت‌ها هستیم. (مگر اینکه قیمت‌ها کاملاً زیر و رو شوند)

Correct: We are looking for a 'reduction' or 'change' in prices, unless you mean a total systemic collapse/reset.

Another common error is the pronunciation of the 'q' (ق) sound. English speakers often pronounce it like a 'k' or 'g', but in 'Enqelāb', the 'q' is a voiced uvular stop/fricative. Proper pronunciation is key to being understood, especially in a word with such historical and emotional resonance. Finally, be careful with the adjective 'Enqelābi'. In some contexts, it can imply being 'radical' or 'extremist', so use it with awareness of your audience.

To truly understand انقلاب (Enqelāb), it is helpful to compare it with other Persian words for change and movement. Persian has a rich vocabulary for describing transitions, and choosing the right one depends on the speed, scale, and nature of the change you are describing.

Enqelāb vs. Tahavvol: 'Enqelāb' is a revolution—sudden and radical. 'Tahavvol' is a profound transformation or evolution. You might have a 'tahavvol' in your personality over years, but an 'enqelab' in your beliefs happens in a moment of crisis.

Enqelāb vs. Taghyir: 'Taghyir' is the general word for 'change'. It can be small (changing your clothes) or large. 'Enqelāb' is a specific, massive type of 'taghyir'. Every revolution is a change, but not every change is a revolution.

Enqelāb vs. Ashub: 'Ashub' means 'riot' or 'chaos'. While revolutions can be chaotic, 'Enqelāb' implies a goal and a new system, whereas 'Ashub' often implies purposeless disorder. Critics of a revolution might call it an 'Ashub', while supporters call it an 'Enqelāb'.

دنیای امروز به جای انقلاب، به اصلاحات نیاز دارد.

Translation: Today's world needs reforms instead of revolution.

Other related words include 'Qiyām' (uprising), which is often more localized or religious in tone, and 'Kudetā' (coup d'état), which specifically refers to a military takeover of government from within, rather than a mass movement of the people. Using 'Enqelāb' correctly means recognizing it as a 'turning' of the whole system. If you are describing a new artistic style that changes everything, 'Enqelāb' is your word. If you are describing a new law that improves things slightly, stick with 'Eslāh' or 'Taghyir'.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root 'q-l-b' also gives us the word 'Qalb' (heart) in Persian and Arabic, because the heart is constantly 'turning' or beating. Similarly, 'Enqelab' is a 'turning' of the state.

発音ガイド

UK /ɛŋ.kɛ.lɒːb/

US /ɛŋ.kə.lɑːb/

The stress is typically on the final syllable: en-qe-LĀB.

韻が合う語

کتاب (Ketāb) آب (Āb) خواب (Khwāb) آفتاب (Āftāb) جواب (Javāb) حجاب (Heijāb) سراب (Sarāb) نقاب (Neqāb)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'q' as 'k' (Enkelab).
Pronouncing 'q' as a soft 'g' like in 'go' (Engelab).
Shortening the final 'ā' sound to a short 'a' (Enqelab as in 'cat').
Missing the 'n' sound before the 'q'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts, but requires context to know if it is political or metaphorical.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct use of Ezafe and choosing the right accompanying verbs.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'q' sound can be tricky for English speakers to master.

リスニング 3/5

Very common in media; easy to pick out once you know the sound.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

تغییر (Change) مردم (People) دولت (Government) سیاست (Politics) بزرگ (Big)

次に学ぶ

اصلاحات (Reforms) جمهوری (Republic) قانون (Law) جامعه (Society) تاریخ (History)

上級

دیالکتیک (Dialectic) ساختارشکنی (Deconstruction) مشروطیت (Constitutionalism) تئوکراسی (Theocracy) سکولاریسم (Secularism)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

انقلابِ ایران (The revolution of Iran)

Pluralization with -hā

انقلاب‌ها (Revolutions)

Adjective formation with -i

انقلابی (Revolutionary)

Light Verb Constructions

انقلاب کردن (To do/make a revolution)

Passive Voice with 'shodan'

انقلاب شد (A revolution happened/was made)

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レベル別の例文

این یک انقلاب است.

This is a revolution.

Simple sentence: Subject + Verb.

انقلاب بزرگ بود.

The revolution was big.

Noun + Adjective + Verb.

من انقلاب را دوست دارم.

I like the revolution.

Direct object with 'rā'.

میدان انقلاب کجاست؟

Where is Enqelab Square?

Question word 'kojāst'.

کتاب درباره انقلاب است.

The book is about the revolution.

Preposition 'darbāre'.

انقلاب در ایران بود.

The revolution was in Iran.

Prepositional phrase 'dar Irān'.

او به انقلاب فکر می‌کند.

He is thinking about the revolution.

Present continuous sense.

نام این خیابان انقلاب است.

The name of this street is Enqelab.

Ezafe construction 'nām-e in khiyābān'.

انقلاب صنعتی جهان را تغییر داد.

The Industrial Revolution changed the world.

Compound noun 'Enqelab-e San'ati'.

مردم در سال ۱۹۷۹ انقلاب کردند.

The people made a revolution in 1979.

Past tense of 'enqelab kardan'.

این یک انقلاب در تکنولوژی است.

This is a revolution in technology.

Preposition 'dar'.

او یک نویسنده انقلابی است.

He is a revolutionary writer.

Adjective 'enqelābi'.

آیا شما درباره انقلاب چیزی می‌دانید؟

Do you know anything about the revolution?

Question with 'āyā'.

انقلاب باعث آزادی شد.

The revolution caused freedom.

Verb 'bā'es shodan' (to cause).

ما به میدان انقلاب می‌رویم.

We are going to Enqelab Square.

Directional preposition 'be'.

انقلاب‌های زیادی در تاریخ وجود دارد.

There are many revolutions in history.

Plural 'enqelab-hā'.

این اختراع باعث یک انقلاب در کشاورزی شد.

This invention caused a revolution in agriculture.

Usage in scientific context.

او همیشه درباره ارزش‌های انقلاب صحبت می‌کند.

He always talks about the values of the revolution.

Ezafe: 'arzesgh-hā-ye enqelab'.

انقلاب فرانسه یکی از مهم‌ترین اتفاقات تاریخ است.

The French Revolution is one of the most important events in history.

Superlative 'mohemm-tarin'.

برای ایجاد انقلاب، باید شجاع بود.

To create a revolution, one must be brave.

Infinitive 'ijād kardan'.

تکنولوژی دیجیتال یک انقلاب در ارتباطات ایجاد کرد.

Digital technology created a revolution in communications.

Subject-Object-Verb structure.

پس از انقلاب، بسیاری از ساختارها تغییر کرد.

After the revolution, many structures changed.

Temporal preposition 'pas az'.

او به دنبال یک انقلاب درونی در زندگی‌اش است.

He is looking for an internal revolution in his life.

Metaphorical usage.

انقلاب علمی قرن هفدهم نگاه ما را به جهان عوض کرد.

The 17th-century scientific revolution changed our view of the world.

Complex subject phrase.

تحلیلگران معتقدند که این جنبش به یک انقلاب ختم خواهد شد.

Analysts believe that this movement will end in a revolution.

Future tense 'khatm khāhad shod'.

تفاوت بین اصلاح و انقلاب در سرعت و عمق تغییرات است.

The difference between reform and revolution is in the speed and depth of changes.

Comparative structure.

انقلاب مشروطه نقطه عطفی در تاریخ معاصر ایران بود.

The Constitutional Revolution was a turning point in contemporary Iranian history.

Idiomatic 'noqte-ye atf'.

او کتابی درباره ریشه‌های اقتصادی انقلاب نوشته است.

He has written a book about the economic roots of the revolution.

Present perfect 'neveshte ast'.

شعارهای انقلاب هنوز در گوش مردم طنین‌انداز است.

The slogans of the revolution still resonate in the people's ears.

Literary verb 'tanin-andāz'.

انقلاب سبز به دنبال حل مشکل گرسنگی در جهان بود.

The Green Revolution sought to solve the problem of hunger in the world.

Historical term 'Enqelab-e Sabz'.

بسیاری از هنرمندان از فضای پس از انقلاب الهام گرفتند.

Many artists were inspired by the post-revolutionary atmosphere.

Passive sense 'elhām gereftan'.

انقلاب اطلاعاتی شیوه زندگی ما را به کلی دگرگون کرده است.

The information revolution has completely transformed our way of life.

Adverbial 'be kolli'.

برخی فیلسوفان بر این باورند که هر انقلابی در نهایت فرزندان خود را می‌خورد.

Some philosophers believe that every revolution eventually eats its own children.

Proverbial usage.

انقلاب اکتبر روسیه تأثیرات عمیقی بر ژئوپلیتیک جهانی داشت.

The Russian October Revolution had profound effects on global geopolitics.

Academic vocabulary.

او در سخنرانی خود به تبیین ضرورت‌های یک انقلاب فرهنگی پرداخت.

In his speech, he proceeded to explain the necessities of a cultural revolution.

Formal verb 'be ... pardākht'.

دیالکتیک میان سنت و مدرنیته زمینه‌ساز انقلاب‌های بسیاری شده است.

The dialectic between tradition and modernity has paved the way for many revolutions.

Complex noun phrase 'zamineh-sāz'.

انقلاب انفورماتیک مرزهای سنتی میان جوامع را از بین برده است.

The informatics revolution has eliminated traditional borders between societies.

Compound verb 'az beyn bordan'.

در ادبیات متعهد، واژه انقلاب بار معنایی رهایی‌بخش دارد.

In committed literature, the word 'revolution' carries a liberating semantic load.

Literary analysis terms.

او از منظر جامعه‌شناختی به کالبدشکافی انقلاب پرداخت.

He proceeded to anatomize the revolution from a sociological perspective.

Metaphorical 'kālbad-shekāfi'.

انقلاب نباید به یک جابجایی قدرت صرف تقلیل یابد.

Revolution should not be reduced to a mere displacement of power.

Subjunctive passive 'taqlil yābad'.

انقلاب جوهری در حکمت متعالیه، تفسیری نوین از حرکت در هستی ارائه می‌دهد.

The substantial motion (revolution) in Transcendent Philosophy offers a new interpretation of movement in existence.

Highly technical philosophical term.

سیر تحول تاریخی نشان می‌دهد که انقلاب‌ها غالباً محصول انسداد سیاسی هستند.

The course of historical evolution shows that revolutions are often the product of political blockage.

Sophisticated causal explanation.

واکاوی پارادایم‌های انقلابی مستلزم درک عمیق از ساختارهای قدرت است.

Analyzing revolutionary paradigms requires a deep understanding of power structures.

Academic 'vākāvi' (analysis).

او در رساله خود به نقد رادیکال از مفهوم انقلاب در عصر پسا‌مدرن می‌پردازد.

In his dissertation, he engages in a radical critique of the concept of revolution in the postmodern era.

Complex prepositional structure.

انقلاب، در ساحت اندیشه، به معنای گسست از پیش‌فرض‌های جزمی است.

Revolution, in the realm of thought, means breaking away from dogmatic presuppositions.

Abstract philosophical definition.

تجلی اراده جمعی در بطن انقلاب، ماهیتی استعلایی به آن می‌بخشد.

The manifestation of collective will in the heart of revolution gives it a transcendental nature.

High-level vocabulary 'este'lāyi'.

آیا می‌توان انقلابی را تصور کرد که بدون خشونت به اهداف غایی خود برسد؟

Can one imagine a revolution that reaches its ultimate goals without violence?

Rhetorical question with 'āyā'.

بازتولید ارزش‌های کهن در لفافه شعارهای انقلابی، از آسیب‌های جدی هر نهضتی است.

The reproduction of old values under the guise of revolutionary slogans is one of the serious harms of any movement.

Complex sentence with 'bāz-tolid'.

よく使う組み合わせ

انقلاب صنعتی

انقلاب اسلامی

انقلاب علمی

انقلاب درونی

انقلاب فرهنگی

ضد انقلاب

انقلاب دیجیتال

رهبر انقلاب

آرمان‌های انقلاب

انقلاب مخملی

よく使うフレーズ

پیروزی انقلاب

— The victory of the revolution. Used to mark the successful end of a struggle.

بیست و دوم بهمن سالروز پیروزی انقلاب است.

دست به انقلاب زدن

— To stage or initiate a revolution. Used for the action of starting the change.

مردم علیه دیکتاتور دست به انقلاب زدند.

انقلاب به پا کردن

— To stir up or cause a revolution. Often used for dramatic impact.

این نظریه در علم فیزیک انقلاب به پا کرد.

در آستانه انقلاب

— On the verge of revolution. Used to describe a tense pre-revolutionary state.

کشور در آستانه یک انقلاب بزرگ قرار داشت.

صدور انقلاب

— Exporting the revolution. A political concept of spreading revolutionary ideals.

درباره مفهوم صدور انقلاب بحث‌های زیادی وجود دارد.

فرزند انقلاب

— Child of the revolution. Someone born or raised during/after the revolution.

او خود را فرزند انقلاب می‌داند.

انقلاب خونین

— Bloody revolution. A revolution involving significant violence.

آن‌ها می‌خواستند از یک انقلاب خونین جلوگیری کنند.

انقلاب آرام

— Peaceful revolution. A radical change without widespread violence.

انقلاب آرام در آلمان شرقی منجر به سقوط دیوار برلین شد.

بعد از انقلاب

— After the revolution. A common chronological marker in Persian history.

او بعد از انقلاب به ایران بازگشت.

انقلاب تمام‌عیار

— A full-scale revolution. Used for a change that affects every aspect of life.

این یک انقلاب تمام‌عیار در صنعت خودرو است.

よく混同される語

انقلاب vs اصلاح (Eslāh)

Reform. Learners often use revolution when they mean a gradual improvement.

انقلاب vs تحول (Tahavvol)

Transformation. More neutral and can be gradual, whereas Enqelab is radical.

انقلاب vs شورش (Soresh)

Riot/Rebellion. Often lacks the systemic goal or success of an Enqelab.

慣用句と表現

"انقلاب کردن (در چیزی)"

— To revolutionize something. To make a massive change in a specific field.

اپل در صنعت تلفن همراه انقلاب کرد.

Neutral

"انقلاب درونی"

— A complete change of heart or mind. Spiritual transformation.

او دچار یک انقلاب درونی شده و دیگر آن آدم سابق نیست.

Literary/Informal

"انقلاب فرزندان خود را می‌خورد"

— Revolution eats its own children. A warning that revolutionaries often turn on each other.

تاریخ نشان داده است که گاهی انقلاب فرزندان خود را می‌خورد.

Academic/Political

"میدان انقلاب"

— Often used as a shorthand for the intellectual/book-buying heart of Tehran.

باید برای پیدا کردن این کتاب به انقلاب سری بزنم.

Colloquial

"انقلاب سبز"

— Referring to agricultural breakthroughs or specific political movements (context dependent).

انقلاب سبز باعث افزایش تولید گندم شد.

Technical/Political

"انقلاب مخملی"

— A non-violent overthrow of a government.

رسانه‌ها درباره احتمال وقوع انقلاب مخملی گمانه‌زنی می‌کردند.

Journalistic

"انقلاب سفید"

— A specific historical reform program in Iran (1963).

انقلاب سفید شامل اصلاحات ارضی بود.

Historical

"انقلاب فکری"

— An intellectual revolution. A total change in how one thinks.

خواندن این کتاب باعث انقلاب فکری در من شد.

Neutral

"انقلاب در بازار"

— To disrupt the market. Used in business for new, game-changing products.

این استارتاپ به دنبال انقلاب در بازار مسکن است.

Business

"انقلاب زمانه"

— The turning of the times. A poetic way to describe fate or historical change.

انقلاب زمانه هیچ‌کس را بی‌پاسخ نمی‌گذارد.

Poetic

間違えやすい

انقلاب vs قلب (Qalb)

Shares the same root.

Qalb means 'heart'. Enqelab means 'revolution'. They are related by the idea of 'turning'.

قلب او می‌تپد. انقلاب پیروز شد.

انقلاب vs تقلب (Taqallob)

Shares the same root.

Taqallob means 'cheating' or 'fraud'. It comes from 'turning things over' in a deceptive way.

او در امتحان تقلب کرد.

انقلاب vs منقلب (Monqaleb)

Shares the same root.

Monqaleb usually refers to being emotionally moved or upset.

او از شنیدن خبر منقلب شد.

انقلاب vs قالب (Qāleb)

Similar sound and root.

Qāleb means 'mold', 'frame', or 'format'.

شعر در قالب غزل است.

انقلاب vs قیام (Qiyām)

Similar political meaning.

Qiyām is an 'uprising' or 'standing up'. A Qiyām might lead to an Enqelab, but it is the act of rising, not the whole systemic change.

قیام مردم در خیابان‌ها شروع شد.

文型パターン

[Subject] انقلاب است.

این انقلاب است.

در [Place] انقلاب شد.

در ایران انقلاب شد.

[Noun] یک انقلاب در [Field] بود.

اینترنت یک انقلاب در ارتباطات بود.

انقلاب باعث [Result] شد.

انقلاب باعث تغییر قوانین شد.

ریشه‌های انقلاب را می‌توان در [Cause] جستجو کرد.

ریشه‌های انقلاب را می‌توان در فقر جستجو کرد.

مفهوم انقلاب در ساحت [Domain] به معنای [Meaning] است.

مفهوم انقلاب در ساحت اندیشه به معنای گسست است.

او به دنبال انقلاب در [Noun] است.

او به دنبال انقلاب در زندگی است.

انقلاب [Adjective] بود.

انقلاب بزرگ بود.

語族

名詞

انقلاب (Revolution)

انقلابی‌گری (Revolutionarism)

ضدانقلاب (Counter-revolution)

انقلابی (Revolutionary - person)

動詞

انقلاب کردن (To revolutionize/To make a revolution)

منقلب شدن (To be moved/To be transformed - often emotionally)

قلب کردن (To invert/To forge - related root)

形容詞

انقلابی (Revolutionary)

غیرانقلابی (Non-revolutionary)

ضدانقلابی (Counter-revolutionary)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in history, politics, and news; high in urban navigation (Tehran).

よくある間違い

Using 'Enqelab' for small changes. → Use 'Taghyir' or 'Eslah'.
Enqelab implies a total systemic overhaul, not just a minor adjustment.
Pronouncing it as 'Enkelab'. → Use the voiced uvular 'q' sound.
Pronouncing 'q' as 'k' is a common English-speaker error that can make the word hard to recognize.
Confusing 'Enqelab' with 'Kudeta'. → Use 'Kudeta' for military takeovers.
A revolution is usually a mass movement; a coup is a small group taking power from within the government.
Misplacing the stress. → Stress the final syllable: en-qe-LĀB.
Persian nouns typically have the stress on the last syllable.
Using 'Enqelab' as a verb without 'kardan'. → Say 'Enqelab kard'.
'Enqelab' is a noun and requires a light verb like 'kardan' to function as a verb.

ヒント

Learn the Root

Learning the root q-l-b will help you understand other words like Qalb (heart) and Taqallob (cheating), all of which involve 'turning'.

Master the Q

The 'q' in Enqelab is a deep throat sound. Practice it by making a sound similar to a gargle but shorter.

Tehran Geography

If you visit Tehran, 'Enqelab' is your gateway to the world of books. Most major publishers have shops near Enqelab Square.

Adjective Suffix

Remember that 'Enqelābi' can be both a noun (a revolutionary) and an adjective (revolutionary).

Revolution vs. Reform

In political discussions, correctly choosing between 'Enqelab' and 'Eslah' shows a high level of language and cultural understanding.

News Keywords

In Persian news, 'Enqelab' is a keyword. When you hear it, listen for the date or the country to understand the context.

Formal Plurals

Use 'Enqelabāt' in very formal essays to sound more academic, but stick to 'Enqelab-hā' for general writing.

The Heart Connection

Link Enqelab to Qalb (heart). A revolution is a change that moves the heart of a nation.

Light Verbs

Focus on the compound verb 'Enqelab kardan'. It is the most natural way to express the act of revolutionizing.

The 1979 Marker

Always remember that 'The Revolution' in an Iranian context almost always refers to 1979 unless specified otherwise.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of an 'IN-K-LOB' (Enqelab). A 'LOB' (ball) that is 'IN' (inside) the court but 'K' (kicked) so hard it turns the whole game around.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant 'Q' (the throat sound) acting as a hinge that flips a table (the status quo) upside down.

Word Web

Change Politics Tehran Square 1979 Radical Turning Science History

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Enqelab' in three different ways today: once for a historical event, once for a piece of technology, and once for a personal change.

語源

Borrowed from Arabic 'Inqilāb' (انقلاب), which is the verbal noun (Masdar) of the VII form of the root 'q-l-b'.

元の意味： The act of turning over, being inverted, or returning.

Semitic root (Arabic), used in Indo-European (Persian).

文化的な背景

Be aware that 'Enqelab' is a highly political word in Iran. In some contexts, it can be sensitive depending on who you are talking to and how you are using it.

English speakers might use 'revolution' for small things (e.g., a 'revolution' in skincare). In Persian, 'Enqelab' is usually reserved for much more substantial or systemic changes.

The 1979 Islamic Revolution (Enqelab-e Eslami) Enqelab Square (Meydan-e Enqelab) in Tehran The White Revolution (Enqelab-e Sefid) of the Shah

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

History Class

علل انقلاب (Causes of revolution)
پیامدهای انقلاب (Consequences of revolution)
رهبران انقلاب (Leaders of revolution)
گاه‌شمار انقلاب (Timeline of revolution)

Tech News

انقلاب در هوش مصنوعی (Revolution in AI)
محصول انقلابی (Revolutionary product)
تغییر پارادایم (Paradigm shift)
نوآوری انقلابی (Revolutionary innovation)

Political Debate

ارزش‌های انقلابی (Revolutionary values)
ضد انقلاب (Counter-revolution)
حق انقلاب (Right to revolution)
انقلاب یا اصلاح؟ (Revolution or reform?)

City Navigation

میدان انقلاب (Enqelab Square)
ایستگاه مترو انقلاب (Enqelab Metro Station)
کتاب‌فروشی‌های انقلاب (Enqelab bookstores)
خیابان انقلاب (Enqelab Street)

Philosophy/Spirituality

انقلاب درونی (Internal revolution)
انقلاب فکری (Intellectual revolution)
تحول بنیادین (Fundamental transformation)
بیداری انقلابی (Revolutionary awakening)

会話のきっかけ

"به نظر شما مهم‌ترین انقلاب تاریخ کدام است؟ (What do you think is the most important revolution in history?)"

"آیا تکنولوژی جدید می‌تواند یک انقلاب در آموزش ایجاد کند؟ (Can new technology create a revolution in education?)"

"تفاوت بین انقلاب و اصلاح از نظر شما چیست؟ (What is the difference between revolution and reform in your opinion?)"

"آیا تا به حال در زندگی خود دچار یک انقلاب درونی شده‌اید؟ (Have you ever experienced an internal revolution in your life?)"

"چرا میدان انقلاب در تهران برای دانشجویان مهم است؟ (Why is Enqelab Square in Tehran important for students?)"

日記のテーマ

درباره یک انقلاب علمی که زندگی شما را تغییر داده است بنویسید. (Write about a scientific revolution that has changed your life.)

اگر می‌توانستید در یک سیستم اجتماعی انقلاب کنید، چه چیزی را تغییر می‌دادید؟ (If you could revolutionize a social system, what would you change?)

تأثیرات مثبت و منفی انقلاب‌های سیاسی بر جوامع را تحلیل کنید. (Analyze the positive and negative effects of political revolutions on societies.)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره کسی بنویسید که در افکار خود دچار انقلاب می‌شود. (Write a short story about someone who undergoes a revolution in their thoughts.)

چرا واژه 'انقلاب' در زبان فارسی بار معنایی سنگینی دارد؟ (Why does the word 'Enqelab' carry a heavy semantic load in Persian?)

よくある質問

10 問

No. While its most famous usage is political, it is frequently used in science ('Enqelab-e Elmi'), industry ('Enqelab-e San'ati'), and metaphorically for any radical change.

It can be. In a political context, it is heavily associated with the 1979 Revolution. Using it to discuss current politics requires awareness of the social climate. However, using it for history or technology is perfectly safe.

Enqelab (Revolution) is a total, radical, and often sudden change of a system. Eslah (Reform) is a gradual improvement or correction made within the existing system.

You add the suffix '-i' to the noun: 'Enqelābi' (انقلابی). This can be used for people, ideas, or movements.

It was renamed after the 1979 Islamic Revolution to commemorate the event. It is a central hub for bookstores and the University of Tehran.

Yes. You can say 'Enqelab-e daruni' (internal revolution) to describe a profound personal transformation.

It is an Arabic loanword that has been fully integrated into Persian for centuries. Its root and structure are Arabic.

It means 'Counter-revolution' or 'Anti-revolution'. It is used to describe people or actions that oppose a revolution.

The most common way is 'Enqelab-hā'. In formal or academic contexts, you might see 'Enqelabāt'.

Common verbs include 'shodan' (to happen/become), 'kardan' (to do/make), and 'rokh dādan' (to occur).

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