अलबत्ता 30秒で
- Albatta is a formal Hindi conjunction meaning 'however' or 'nevertheless', used to bridge contrasting ideas with a literary and sophisticated touch in sentences.
- It originates from Arabic and is common in high-register Hindi and Urdu, appearing frequently in literature, poetry, and formal news or academic discussions.
- Unlike the common 'lekin' (but), Albatta adds a layer of emphasis and rhythmic beauty, making it ideal for persuasive speaking and descriptive writing styles.
- Grammatically, it usually follows a comma and introduces a second clause that provides a surprising or qualifying counterpoint to the first part of the sentence.
The Hindi word अलबत्ता (Albatta) is a sophisticated conjunction that primarily functions as a bridge between two contrasting ideas. Originating from the Arabic phrase 'al-batta' (meaning 'certainly' or 'decidedly'), its journey into the Hindi-Urdu (Hindustani) lexicon has shifted its meaning towards 'however,' 'nevertheless,' or 'on the other hand.' When you use this word, you are signaling to your listener that while the first part of your sentence holds true, there is a significant qualification or an opposing fact that must be considered. It is less common in colloquial street Hindi than 'lekin' (but), making it a 'power word' for learners who want to sound more educated, literary, or nuanced in their expression. In a sentence, it acts as a pivot point, allowing the speaker to acknowledge a reality before introducing a counter-point that might change the listener's perspective entirely.
- Grammatical Role
- It serves as a coordinating conjunction, linking independent clauses or modifying the preceding statement.
- Register
- Formal to Semi-formal; frequently found in literature, news editorials, and high-register Urdu-Hindi poetry.
- Tone
- Reflective and analytical, often used when the speaker wants to show they have weighed both sides of an issue.
"वह बहुत थका हुआ था, अलबत्ता उसने अपना काम पूरा किया।" (He was very tired; however, he completed his work.)
To understand 'Albatta' deeply, one must appreciate the rhythm it provides to a sentence. Unlike the sharp 'but' (parantu/lekin), 'Albatta' has a softer, more lingering quality. It suggests a 'nevertheless' that isn't just a contradiction, but an addition of a different layer of truth. For example, if you say someone is strict but kind, using 'Albatta' emphasizes the kindness as a distinct, perhaps surprising, quality that exists alongside the strictness. It is the hallmark of a speaker who values precision over speed.
"खाना सादा था, अलबत्ता स्वादिष्ट बहुत था।" (The food was simple; however, it was very delicious.)
- Etymological Root
- Arabic 'al-batta' (certainly). In Persian and then Urdu, it evolved into a concessive marker.
"शहर छोटा है, अलबत्ता यहाँ सुविधाएँ सब हैं।" (The city is small; nevertheless, all facilities are available here.)
"रास्ता मुश्किल था, अलबत्ता मंज़िल खूबसूरत थी।" (The path was difficult; however, the destination was beautiful.)
- Frequency of Use
- Moderate in written Hindi, low in casual slang, high in intellectual discourse.
"वह चुप रहा, अलबत्ता उसकी आँखों ने सब कह दिया।" (He remained silent; however, his eyes said everything.)
Using अलबत्ता correctly requires an understanding of sentence structure and logical flow. It is typically placed at the beginning of the second clause in a compound sentence. Unlike some conjunctions that can be moved around, 'Albatta' almost always follows a comma or a semi-colon, acting as the starting point for the 'twist' in your narrative. To use it effectively, first establish a premise (e.g., 'It is raining'). Then, use 'Albatta' to introduce a counter-fact (e.g., 'However, we will go out').
One key nuance is that 'Albatta' often implies a sense of 'certainly' or 'decidedly' alongside the 'however.' This means the second clause isn't just a contradiction; it's an emphatic statement. If you say, 'He is poor, albatta he is honest,' you are emphasizing that his honesty is a definite, undeniable fact despite his poverty. This dual nature—contrast plus emphasis—is what makes the word so powerful in persuasive writing and emotional storytelling.
In modern Hindi, 'Albatta' is often interchangeable with 'magar' or 'lekin,' but choosing 'Albatta' signals a higher level of vocabulary. It is particularly useful in academic essays where you need to acknowledge a limitation of your research before presenting your main finding. For example: 'The sample size was small; albatta, the results were statistically significant.' This structure shows a sophisticated grasp of logic. Avoid using it in very short, punchy sentences where 'par' (but) would suffice; 'Albatta' needs a bit of 'breathing room' in a sentence to feel natural.
You will encounter अलबत्ता in several specific environments. First and foremost is Hindi literature (Sahitya). Authors like Premchand or modern novelists use it to add a layer of formality and rhythmic beauty to their prose. It is a favorite in 'Ghazals' and 'Nazms' (forms of poetry), where the poet often sets up a tragic situation in the first line and uses 'Albatta' in the second to find a silver lining or a deeper irony.
In the media, you will hear it during news debates or read it in editorial columns. Journalists use it to provide a balanced view: 'The government has launched the scheme; albatta, the implementation remains a challenge.' It is also common in legal or administrative Hindi, where precision in stating exceptions is crucial. If you watch historical Bollywood films (period dramas), characters often use 'Albatta' to reflect the linguistic style of the Mughal or British era, where Persianized Hindi was the standard for the elite. In daily life, you might hear it from older generations or people from cities with a strong Urdu influence like Lucknow, Delhi, or Hyderabad. Hearing it in a casual conversation today usually marks the speaker as someone who is well-read or has a penchant for 'Shuddh' (pure) or 'Adabi' (literary) language.
The most frequent mistake learners make with अलबत्ता is using it as a direct synonym for 'and' or 'so.' It must always introduce a contrast. You cannot say 'I ate an apple, albatta I ate a banana' if you just mean you ate both. There must be a 'however' relationship between the two parts. Another mistake is overusing it. Because it is a high-register word, using it in every sentence can make your speech sound stiff, archaic, or even pretentious. It should be used like a spice—sparingly, to enhance the flavor of the conversation.
Grammatically, some learners forget the comma before 'Albatta.' Since it connects two independent thoughts, a pause is necessary for the listener to process the transition. Also, be careful not to confuse it with 'Alvida' (goodbye) or 'Albela' (unique/playful), which sound similar but have entirely different meanings. Finally, ensure the second clause actually provides a contrast. Saying 'He is a doctor, albatta he works in a hospital' is logically incorrect because working in a hospital is expected of a doctor. It should be: 'He is a doctor, albatta he spends his weekends teaching art,' which provides a genuine contrast or an unexpected additional detail.
To truly master अलबत्ता, you must know its 'cousins' in the Hindi language. The most common synonym is लेकिन (Lekin). 'Lekin' is the universal 'but'—it's safe, common, and works in every situation. Then there is मगर (Magar), which is slightly more informal and very common in spoken Hindi. For a more formal, Sanskrit-based alternative, you have परंतु (Parantu) or किंतु (Kintu). These are often used in textbooks and formal speeches.
Another close relative is तथापि (Tathapi), which translates directly to 'even so' or 'nevertheless.' 'Tathapi' is very formal and rarely heard in conversation. हालांकि (Halanki), meaning 'although,' is often used in conjunction with 'Albatta' or 'Lekin' to create complex sentences (e.g., 'Although it was cold, however...'). Understanding these differences allows you to choose the right word for the right audience. If you are talking to a friend, 'Lekin' is best. If you are writing a letter to a professor, 'Parantu' or 'Albatta' would be more appropriate. 'Albatta' specifically carries a 'Persian-Urdu' charm that the Sanskrit-derived 'Parantu' does not, giving you a different stylistic tool for your linguistic toolkit.
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Coordinating Conjunctions
Compound Sentences
Punctuation in Hindi (Comma usage)
Register and Tone in Hindustani
Arabic/Persian loanwords in Hindi
レベル別の例文
चाय गरम है, अलबत्ता अच्छी है।
The tea is hot, however it is good.
Simple contrast using a comma.
वह छोटा है, अलबत्ता तेज़ दौड़ता है।
He is small, however he runs fast.
Albatta connects two adjectives.
किताब पुरानी है, अलबत्ता साफ़ है।
The book is old, however it is clean.
Contrast between age and condition.
आज धूप है, अलबत्ता हवा ठंडी है।
It is sunny today, however the wind is cold.
Weather description contrast.
खाना कम है, अलबत्ता काफ़ी है।
The food is little, however it is enough.
Contrast of quantity and sufficiency.
कमरा छोटा है, अलबत्ता सुंदर है।
The room is small, however it is beautiful.
Descriptive contrast.
रास्ता लंबा है, अलबत्ता आसान है।
The path is long, however it is easy.
Contrast of distance and difficulty.
वह गरीब है, अलबत्ता खुश है।
He is poor, however he is happy.
Basic emotional contrast.
फिल्म लंबी थी, अलबत्ता बोरिंग नहीं थी।
The movie was long; however, it wasn't boring.
Negation in the second clause.
बाज़ार दूर है, अलबत्ता मैं जाऊँगा।
The market is far; however, I will go.
Future tense in the second clause.
सवाल मुश्किल था, अलबत्ता उसने हल कर लिया।
The question was difficult; however, he solved it.
Past tense completion.
उसने मेहनत की, अलबत्ता फल नहीं मिला।
He worked hard; however, he didn't get the result.
Contrast of effort and result.
गाड़ी पुरानी है, अलबत्ता इंजन अच्छा है।
The car is old; however, the engine is good.
Part-to-whole contrast.
वह बीमार था, अलबत्ता स्कूल आया।
He was sick; however, he came to school.
Concessive use.
बाहर अंधेरा है, अलबत्ता डर नहीं लग रहा।
It's dark outside; however, I'm not feeling scared.
Emotional state contrast.
मेरे पास पैसे कम हैं, अलबत्ता मैं तुम्हारी मदद करूँगा।
I have little money; however, I will help you.
Intention-based contrast.
यह योजना अच्छी है, अलबत्ता इसमें कुछ कमियाँ हैं।
This plan is good; however, it has some flaws.
Formal evaluation.
वह बहुत कम बोलता है, अलबत्ता जब बोलता है तो काम की बात करता है।
He speaks very little; however, when he does, he speaks sense.
Complex sentence structure.
गाँव में बिजली नहीं है, अलबत्ता लोग बहुत खुशहाल हैं।
There is no electricity in the village; nevertheless, people are very happy.
Societal contrast.
दवा कड़वी है, अलबत्ता सेहत के लिए ज़रूरी है।
The medicine is bitter; however, it is necessary for health.
Necessity vs. experience.
शहर में शोर बहुत है, अलबत्ता यहाँ रोज़गार के अवसर हैं।
There is much noise in the city; however, there are job opportunities here.
Pros and cons structure.
उसकी आवाज़ धीमी थी, अलबत्ता साफ़ सुनाई दे रही थी।
His voice was low; however, it was clearly audible.
Sensory contrast.
बारिश तेज़ थी, अलबत्ता हम समय पर पहुँच गए।
The rain was heavy; nevertheless, we arrived on time.
Overcoming obstacles.
वह अमीर नहीं है, अलबत्ता उसका दिल बहुत बड़ा है।
He is not rich; however, he has a very big heart.
Metaphorical contrast.
आधुनिक तकनीक ने जीवन आसान बना दिया है, अलबत्ता इसने दूरियाँ भी बढ़ाई हैं।
Modern technology has made life easy; however, it has also increased distances.
Societal critique.
लेखक की भाषा सरल है, अलबत्ता उसके विचार बहुत गहरे हैं।
The author's language is simple; however, his thoughts are very deep.
Literary analysis.
चुनाव के नतीजे चौंकाने वाले थे, अलबत्ता लोकतंत्र की जीत हुई।
The election results were shocking; nevertheless, democracy won.
Political context.
इतिहास गवाह है कि युद्ध से केवल विनाश होता है, अलबत्ता इंसान सबक नहीं सीखता।
History is witness that war only leads to destruction; however, humans do not learn.
Philosophical observation.
वैज्ञानिकों ने बहुत प्रगति की है, अलबत्ता ब्रह्मांड के कई रहस्य अभी भी अनसुलझे हैं।
Scientists have made much progress; however, many mysteries of the universe remain unsolved.
Scientific context.
उनकी आर्थिक स्थिति कमज़ोर थी, अलबत्ता उन्होंने अपने बच्चों को उच्च शिक्षा दिलाई।
Their economic condition was weak; nevertheless, they provided higher education to their children.
Socio-economic contrast.
फिल्म की कहानी पुरानी थी, अलबत्ता अभिनय लाजवाब था।
The film's story was old; however, the acting was superb.
Artistic critique.
यात्रा थकान भरी थी, अलबत्ता अनुभव यादगार रहा।
The journey was tiring; however, the experience was memorable.
Experiential contrast.
सभ्यता ने हमें वस्त्र दिए, अलबत्ता हमारी नग्नता को ढँकने में वह आज भी असमर्थ है।
Civilization gave us clothes; however, it is still unable to cover our nakedness (metaphorical).
High literary metaphor.
न्याय में देरी अन्याय के समान है, अलबत्ता व्यवस्था की अपनी मजबूरियाँ होती हैं।
Delay in justice is equivalent to injustice; however, the system has its own constraints.
Legal/Philosophical discourse.
कविता शब्दों का खेल मात्र नहीं है, अलबत्ता इसमें आत्मा का स्पंदन होता है।
Poetry is not just a play of words; however, it contains the vibration of the soul.
Aesthetic theory.
वैश्वीकरण ने बाज़ारों को जोड़ा है, अलबत्ता संस्कृतियों के बीच की खाई को और गहरा कर दिया है।
Globalization has connected markets; however, it has deepened the chasm between cultures.
Global socio-political analysis.
मौन अक्सर कायरता समझा जाता है, अलबत्ता यह सबसे शक्तिशाली विरोध भी हो सकता है।
Silence is often misunderstood as cowardice; however, it can also be the most powerful protest.
Paradoxical contrast.
प्रेम एक सुखद अहसास है, अलबत्ता इसकी राह काँटों से भरी होती है।
Love is a pleasant feeling; however, its path is full of thorns.
Romantic/Literary cliché handled with nuance.
ज्ञान का अंत नहीं है, अलबत्ता जिज्ञासा की एक सीमा होती है।
Knowledge has no end; however, curiosity has a limit.
Epistemological statement.
वह एक कुशल राजनीतिज्ञ है, अलबत्ता उसकी नैतिकता हमेशा संदिग्ध रही है।
He is a skilled politician; however, his morality has always been questionable.
Character critique.
अस्तित्व की शून्यता भयावह हो सकती है, अलबत्ता यही वह धरातल है जहाँ से सृजन का जन्म होता है।
The void of existence can be terrifying; however, this is the very ground from which creation is born.
Existentialist philosophy.
भाषा केवल संवाद का माध्यम नहीं है, अलबत्ता यह उस संस्कृति की संवाहिका है जिसने इसे जन्म दिया।
Language is not merely a medium of communication; however, it is the carrier of the culture that gave it birth.
Linguistic philosophy.
शासक बदलते रहे, साम्राज्य ढहते रहे, अलबत्ता लोक-चेतना की धारा अविरल बहती रही।
Rulers kept changing, empires kept collapsing; however, the stream of folk-consciousness kept flowing incessantly.
Historical continuity.
सत्य अक्सर कड़वा और नग्न होता है, अलबत्ता उसे स्वीकार करना ही मुक्ति का एकमात्र मार्ग है।
Truth is often bitter and naked; however, accepting it is the only path to liberation.
Metaphysical assertion.
कला यथार्थ का प्रतिबिंब नहीं है, अलबत्ता वह उस यथार्थ को देखने की एक नई दृष्टि प्रदान करती है।
Art is not a reflection of reality; however, it provides a new vision to look at that reality.
Art criticism.
मृत्यु जीवन का अंत है, अलबत्ता स्मृतियों में वह अमरता का द्वार भी है।
Death is the end of life; however, in memories, it is also the gateway to immortality.
Ontological contrast.
विज्ञान ने हमें आकाश की ऊँचाइयाँ दीं, अलबत्ता उसने हमारी जड़ों को ज़मीन से उखाड़ दिया।
Science gave us the heights of the sky; however, it uprooted our roots from the earth.
Technological critique.
ईश्वर की खोज बाहर नहीं, अलबत्ता स्वयं के भीतर ही समाप्त होती है।
The search for God does not end outside; however, it ends within oneself.
Spiritual/Mystical discourse.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Avoid using it as a replacement for 'and'.
It carries a sense of 'certainly' along with 'however'.
- Using it as a synonym for 'and'.
- Forgetting the comma before the word.
- Using it in very informal, slang-heavy settings.
- Confusing it with 'Alvida' (Goodbye).
- Using it when there is no actual contrast in the sentence.
ヒント
Vary your conjunctions
Don't just use 'Lekin'. Use 'Albatta' to make your writing more interesting and professional. It shows you have a deep vocabulary. Your readers will appreciate the variety.
Mind the stress
Put a little more stress on the 'ta' at the end. It's 'al-bat-TA'. This makes it sound more natural and less flat. Practice saying it with a pause before it.
Read more literature
To see 'Albatta' in its natural habitat, read Hindi short stories. Authors like Premchand or Krishna Sobti use it beautifully. This will help you understand the 'vibe' of the word.
Use in editorials
If you are writing an opinion piece, 'Albatta' is your best friend. It allows you to acknowledge the other side's argument before you crush it with your own. It sounds very balanced.
Formal debates
In a formal debate or discussion, use 'Albatta' to introduce your counter-arguments. It sounds much more polite and intellectual than just saying 'No' or 'But'. It shows respect.
Arabic connection
Remembering its Arabic root 'al-batta' (certainly) helps you remember that the second clause is a 'certain' fact. This helps you use it with more confidence. It's a 'certain however'.
Poetic flair
If you write poetry in Hindi, 'Albatta' can help you maintain the meter. It's a three-syllable word that can fit where 'Lekin' (two syllables) might not. It adds a rhythmic touch.
Watch old movies
Classic Bollywood movies from the 50s and 60s use 'Albatta' more often. Watching them will give you a sense of the word's historical and cultural weight. It's a great listening exercise.
Comma is key
Always use a comma before 'Albatta' in writing. In speaking, take a tiny breath. This 'punctuation' is what makes the contrast effective. Without it, the sentence feels rushed.
Level up
Moving from 'Lekin' to 'Albatta' is a sign that you are reaching the B2/C1 level. Celebrate this! Use it once a day until it feels natural in your speech.
暗記しよう
語源
Arabic
文化的な背景
Used in Ghazals to create a 'turn' in the second line of a couplet.
Premchand often used 'Albatta' to describe the complex social realities of rural India.
Seen as 'intellectual' or 'vintage' by the younger generation.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"यह शहर बहुत शोर वाला है, अलबत्ता यहाँ की शामें..."
"आज का दिन थका देने वाला था, अलबत्ता मैंने..."
"वह इंसान थोड़ा सख्त है, अलबत्ता उसका दिल..."
"नया कानून अच्छा है, अलबत्ता इसके लागू होने में..."
"फिल्म की कहानी कमज़ोर थी, अलबत्ता गानें..."
日記のテーマ
Write about a difficult day you had, using 'Albatta' to find something positive.
Describe a person you know who has contrasting qualities using 'Albatta'.
Compare your hometown with the city you live in now, using 'Albatta' for the differences.
Write a short story about a journey where things went wrong, but 'Albatta' something good happened.
Reflect on a book you read recently; what did you like, and what, 'Albatta', did you not like?
よくある質問
10 問It is used in both. It has Arabic roots and is a perfect example of the shared Hindustani vocabulary. In modern times, it is found in high-register Hindi literature and daily Urdu speech.
Yes, you can, especially if it's responding to something someone else said. For example: 'Albatta, you have a point.' However, it's most common in the middle of a sentence connecting two clauses.
Yes, significantly. 'Lekin' is the everyday word for 'but'. 'Albatta' is more literary and suggests a more sophisticated level of language proficiency.
Originally in Arabic, yes. In Hindi/Urdu, it sometimes retains a hint of 'certainly' (e.g., 'Certainly, this is true, however...'), but its primary function now is 'however'.
It's a geminate consonant. You hold the 't' sound for a split second longer, like the 'tt' in the English word 'button' (in some accents) or 'cottage'.
Absolutely. Using 'Albatta' in a Hindi essay will likely impress the examiner as it shows a wide vocabulary range and an understanding of formal registers.
Yes, frequently in soulful or poetic songs (Sufi or Ghazal style) where the lyrics are more sophisticated.
'Halanki' means 'although' and usually starts the first clause. 'Albatta' means 'however' and starts the second clause. Example: 'Halanki it was raining, (albatta) we went out.'
It is less common in 'Hinglish' or casual street slang, but very much alive in literature, journalism, and among people who value good language.
Yes. 'The exam was hard, albatta I passed.' It works for any situation where the second part of the sentence qualifies the first.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Mastering 'Albatta' allows you to transition from basic Hindi to a more advanced, literary register. It is the perfect 'pivot' word for expressing complex thoughts, acknowledging limitations, and adding a touch of elegance to your spoken and written communication.
- Albatta is a formal Hindi conjunction meaning 'however' or 'nevertheless', used to bridge contrasting ideas with a literary and sophisticated touch in sentences.
- It originates from Arabic and is common in high-register Hindi and Urdu, appearing frequently in literature, poetry, and formal news or academic discussions.
- Unlike the common 'lekin' (but), Albatta adds a layer of emphasis and rhythmic beauty, making it ideal for persuasive speaking and descriptive writing styles.
- Grammatically, it usually follows a comma and introduces a second clause that provides a surprising or qualifying counterpoint to the first part of the sentence.
Vary your conjunctions
Don't just use 'Lekin'. Use 'Albatta' to make your writing more interesting and professional. It shows you have a deep vocabulary. Your readers will appreciate the variety.
Mind the stress
Put a little more stress on the 'ta' at the end. It's 'al-bat-TA'. This makes it sound more natural and less flat. Practice saying it with a pause before it.
Read more literature
To see 'Albatta' in its natural habitat, read Hindi short stories. Authors like Premchand or Krishna Sobti use it beautifully. This will help you understand the 'vibe' of the word.
Use in editorials
If you are writing an opinion piece, 'Albatta' is your best friend. It allows you to acknowledge the other side's argument before you crush it with your own. It sounds very balanced.
関連コンテンツ
familyの関連語
आबाद
B1居住している、繁栄している；人口が多く栄えている。
आँचल
B1サリーの端（母の保護の象徴）。
आचरण
B1The way a person behaves; conduct.
आँगन
A2家の中心にある屋根のない中庭。インドの伝統的な家庭生活の中心地です。
आंगन
A2家の中庭（ああんがん）。
आग्रह करना
B1誰かに何かをするよう熱心に、または丁寧に頼むこと。
आज्ञा
B1正式な命令または許可。
आज्ञा का पालन करना
B1命令や指示に従うこと。
आज्ञा मानना
A2命令や規則に従うこと。(彼は父親に従った。/ 彼女は法律に従わなければならない。)
आज्ञा पालन करना
B1従う
